Documents

Trusted Traveler Programs

Congressional research report · CRS Report · May 5, 2021

The act mandates that PreCheck screening lanes be open and available during peak times and high-volume travel periods. … PreCheck screened 1.4 billion air travelers during this period. 10 Membership in the PreCheck program rose each year.

Navy Aircraft Carriers: Retirement of USS John F. Kennedy - Issues and Options for Congress

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Mar 26, 2007

Carriers and their air wings are considered particularly useful in situations where U.S. access to overseas air bases is absent or restricted—a circumstance that some observers believe has become more … To avoid dropping to a 10-carrier force during this period, the Navy needs to maintain a 12-carrier force through at least 2013.

Turkey: Update on Selected Issues

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Aug 12, 2004

Officials plan to sign a new three-year stand-by agreement to cover the period 2005-2007. … Some Turkish commentators charged that U.S. allegations about Turkish activity in Sulaymaniyah were false.

FY2024 NDAA: Military Construction and Housing Authorizations

Congressional research report · CRS Insight · Jan 17, 2024

Congress, Conference Committee, National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024, conference report to accompany H.R. 2670, 118th Cong., 1st sess., H.Rept. 118-301, December 6, 2023, pp. 1391-1392 … Section 2823 requires MHPI companies to notify tenants about a proposed nondisclosure agreement and provide a waiting period of 10 business days so tenants may seek legal counsel before being required

Criminal Restitution in the 110th Congress: A Sketch

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Jan 13, 2009

Two bills – H.R. 845, the Criminal Restitution Improvement Act, and S. 973 / H.R. 4110, the Restitution for Victims of Crime Act – sought to make substantial changes in federal restitution law. … Sanctuaries Act offenses; (3) Act to Prevent Pollution from Ships offenses; (4) Safe Drinking Water Act offenses; (5) Solid Waste Disposal Act offenses; and (6) Clean Air Act offenses.

U.S. Shale Gas Development: Production, Infrastructure, and Market Issues

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Jul 14, 2014

Beyond the economic value of the transition from fuel oil to gas, there are environmental impacts in the form of reduced air emissions. Figure 10. … Author Contact Information (name redacted) Acting Section Research Manager and Specialist in Energy Policy /redacted/@crs.loc.gov, 7-....

FEMA Disaster Housing: From Sheltering to Permanent Housing

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Aug 27, 2010

Under the Stafford Act, disaster housing is a limited, temporary mission and as such was not expected to result in the same intense engagement over long periods as other FEMA public assistance or mitigation … in the trailers to improve air quality) and critical needs assistance.

The Committee System in the U.S. Congress

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Oct 14, 2009

Although Congress has used committees since its first meetings in 1789, the 1946 Legislative Reorganization Act (60 Stat. 812) set the foundation of today’s committee system. … Executive Agency Comment As a matter of practice and cooperation between the legislative and executive branches, a committee asks relevant executive agencies for written comments on measures it is studying

Qatar: Issues for the 119th Congress

Congressional research report · Reports · Mar 13, 2025

Recent and significant FMS sales focused on integrated air and missile defense and include the PATRIOT long-range air missile system, the National Advanced Surface to Air Missile System, and the AN/FPS … resources that would be required to redeploy members of the United States Air Force from Al-Udeid Air Base.

Military Construction: A Snapshot of the President’s FY2013 Appropriations Request

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Jun 22, 2012

Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1991 (P.L. 101510). … Located adjacent to Ramstein Air Base and near major ammunition storage sites, the barracks will act as a major outfitting and processing station for any unit being deployed from the region on a military

Disaster Recovery Funding for Military Facilities on Guam

Congressional research report · CRS Insight · Oct 1, 2024

During consideration of a National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) for Fiscal Year 2025 (FY2025), the Senate Armed Services Committee (SASC) reported a draft NDAA (S. 4638) that included $12.50 billion … According to documents that the Air Force provided to congressional staffers, some of the military construction projects for which the Air Force seeks funding include projects that are in direct response

Drought in the United States: Causes and Current Understanding

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Nov 9, 2017

Some commentators reported that wet conditions during winter and spring, which ended the five-year drought, also created conditions leading to the abundant vegetation, which subsequently dried out during … By April 1, 2017, one estimate indicated, snowpack was greater than in the 70 See, for example, CRS Report R44889, H.R. 23, the Gaining Responsibility on Water Act of 2017 (GROW Act), by (name redacted

North Korea’s 2009 Nuclear Test: Containment, Monitoring, Implications

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Nov 24, 2010

Air Force. “Air Force Technical Applications Center,” http://www.afisr.af.mil/library/factsheets/factsheet.asp? … In the Nuclear Forensics and Attribution Act, it found, 124 Information provided by Air Force Technical Applications Center through Air Force Legislative Liaison Office, email, October 26, 2009. 125

Foreign Government-Sponsored Broadcast Programming

Congressional research report · CRS In Focus · Feb 11, 2021

Statutory Background For nearly 100 years, beginning with the passage of the Radio Act of 1927 (P.L. 69-632) and the Communications Act of 1934 (P.L. 73-416), Congress has required broadcast stations to … The FCC enforces the Communications Act of 1934; the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) enforces FARA, and the State Department enforces the Foreign Missions Act.

FY2026 NDAA: Reserve Component End-Strength

Congressional research report · Insight · Feb 6, 2026

Congress also periodically sets minimum end-strength levels for the Armed Forces, which may be identical to or lower than the authorized end-strength. … Force, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard, plus the Army National Guard (ARNG) and Air National Guard (ANG).

Active Military Sonar and Marine Mammals: Events and References

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Feb 11, 2008

For example, a sound intensity of 235 dB underwater is equivalent to 209 dB in air. … Interim Report — Bahamas Marine Mammal Stranding Event of 15-16 March 2000.24 The stranding was attributed to the Navy’s intensive use of multiple tactical mid-frequency sonar units over an extended period

Amtrak: Overview and Options

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Jan 25, 2001

CRS-2 received over $33 billion4 (in constant 1999 dollars) in assistance from the federal government to cover its deficits during that period. … By contrast, for highway and air travel, the passenger equipment (autos, planes) is privately funded, while the infrastructure (highways, airports, air traffic control) is publicly owned and funded.

Poland and Its Relations with the United States

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Mar 11, 2016

Growth averaged 3% per year over the period 2011-2015 and reached 3.6% in 2015. … (The act was introduced in the House of Representatives on June 8 as H.R. 2686.)

Defense Production for Ukraine: Background and Issues for Congress

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Sep 16, 2024

See also comments by German Prime Minister Olaf Scholz in Footnote 3. 8 See, for example, Senator J.D. Vance, “J.D. … McGarry. 12 In addition to the $31.8 billion provided for USAI via supplemental appropriations acts, Congress has also provided $900 million via regular appropriations acts during this period (P.L. 117

Covert Action: An Effective Instrument of U. S. Foreign Policy?

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Oct 21, 1996

During the period of the Vietnam War, the CIA made extensive use of a civilian airline, Civil Air Transport, a small firm that began operations in 1949 and was reorganized in 1959 as Air America. … In the past, the Navy has acted covertly to protect its ships and installations; ground and air forces have also employed agents for certain operations.