Section 220.40 Safeguard For Mechanical Equipment

Section 220

Section 220.40  Safeguard For

Mechanical Equipment

a)         Mechanical equipment guards.

1)         Gears, sprockets, chains, drive, head, tail, and takeup

pulleys, flywheels, couplings, shafts, sawblades, fan inlets, protruding set

screws on revolving parts, and similar exposed moving machine parts which may

be contacted by persons, and which may cause injury to persons shall be

guarded.  Guards shall be sufficiently strong and maintained to provide the required

protection.

2)         Overhead belts shall be guarded if the whipping action from a

broken line would be hazardous to persons below.

3)         Guards at conveyor-drive, conveyor-head, and conveyor-tail

pulleys shall extend a distance sufficient to prevent a person from reaching

behind the guard and becoming caught between the belt and the pulley.

4)         Except when testing the machinery, guards shall be securely in

place while machinery is being operated.

b)         Stationary grinding machines; protective devices.

1)         Stationary grinding machines other than special bit grinders

shall be equipped with:

A)        Peripheral hoods (less than ninety degrees (90 ) throat

openings) capable of withstanding the force of a bursting wheel;

B)        Adjustable tool rests set as close as practical to the wheel;

and

C)        Safety washers.

2)         Grinding wheels shall be operated within the specification of

the manufacturer of the wheel.

3)         Face shields or goggles, in good condition shall be worn when

operating a grinding wheel.

c)         Tools-hand and power; general requirements.

1)         All hand and power tools shall be maintained in safe

condition. Defective tools shall be removed from service.

2)         Hand-held power tools shall be equipped with controls

requiring constant hand or finger pressure to operate the tools or shall be

equipped with friction or other equivalent safety devices as approved by an

authorized representative of the Mining Board.

d)         Power-operated hand tools

wer tools shall be maintained in safe

condition. Defective tools shall be removed from service.

2)         Hand-held power tools shall be equipped with controls

requiring constant hand or finger pressure to operate the tools or shall be

equipped with friction or other equivalent safety devices as approved by an

authorized representative of the Mining Board.

d)         Power-operated hand tools.

1)         Electric power-operated tools.

A)        Electric power-operated tools shall either be a

double-insulated type approved by a nationally recognized testing laboratory or

shall be grounded in accordance with Section 220.70 of this Part.  Where such

an approved double-insulated power-operated tool is employed, it shall be

distinctly marked.

B)        Electric cords shall not be used for hoisting or lowering

tools.

2)         Pneumatic power tools.

A)        Safety clips or retainers shall be securely installed on

pneumatic impact tools to prevent attachments from being accidentally ejected.

B)        All pneumatically driven nailers, staplers, and other similar

equipment provided with automatic fastener feed which operates at more than one

hundred (100) P.S.I., at the tool, shall have a safety device on the muzzle to

prevent the tool from ejecting fasteners unless the muzzle is in contact with

the work surface.

C)        Hoses shall not be used for hoisting or lowering tools.

3)         Fuel-powered tools.

All fuel-powered tools shall be stopped while being refueled,

serviced, or maintained, and fuel shall be transported, handled and stored in

accordance with Section 220.110(d) of this Part, and all other applicable state

and federal statutes, and rules.

4)         Power-actuated tools.

A)        Only employees who have been instructed in the safe operation

of the particular tool being used shall be permitted to operate a

power-actuated tool.

B)        The tool shall be tested each day before loading to see that

the safety devices are in safe working condition

110(d) of this Part, and all other applicable state

and federal statutes, and rules.

4)         Power-actuated tools.

A)        Only employees who have been instructed in the safe operation

of the particular tool being used shall be permitted to operate a

power-actuated tool.

B)        The tool shall be tested each day before loading to see that

the safety devices are in safe working condition.  The method of testing shall

be in accordance with the manufacturer's recommended procedure.

C)        Tools shall not be loaded until immediately prior to the

intended firing time.  Neither loaded nor empty tools are to be pointed at

other personnel.

D)        Loaded tools shall not be left unattended.

E)        Fasteners shall not be driven into materials harder than manufacturers'

recommendations.

F)         Driving into material easily penetrated shall be avoided

unless such materials are backed by a substance that will prevent the fastening

device from passing completely through and creating a flying missile hazard on

the other side.

G)        Power-actuated tools shall not be used in hazardous locations

as set forth in the National Electrical Code.

H)        All tools shall be used with the appropriate shield, guard, or

attachment recommended by the manufacturer.

I)         Employees operating power-actuated tools shall keep all parts

of their bodies behind the tool.

e)         Mobile equipment; falling object protective structures (FOPS).

1)         When necessary to protect the operator of the equipment, all

rubber-tired crawler-mounted self-propelled scrapers, front-end loaders,

dozers, graders, loaders, and tractors, with or without attachments, that are

used in surface coal mines or the surface work areas of underground coal mines

shall be provided with substantial falling object protective structures

(FOPS).  FOPS which meet the requirements of the Society of Automotive

Engineers (SAE) Standard J 231 shall be considered to be a

"substantial" FOPS

ont-end loaders,

dozers, graders, loaders, and tractors, with or without attachments, that are

used in surface coal mines or the surface work areas of underground coal mines

shall be provided with substantial falling object protective structures

(FOPS).  FOPS which meet the requirements of the Society of Automotive

Engineers (SAE) Standard J 231 shall be considered to be a

"substantial" FOPS.  An authorized representative of the Department

may approve a FOPS which provides protection equivalent to SAE J 231.

2)         When necessary to protect the operator of the equipment,

forklift or powered industrial trucks shall be provided with substantial FOPS.

Such FOPS shall meet the requirements of the State of California, Division of

Industrial Safety, General Safety Orders, Register 72, Number 6, February 8,

1972, Article 25, Section 3655-"Overhead Guards for High-Lift Rider

Trucks."

f)         Mobile equipment; rollover protective structures (ROPS).

1)         All rubber-tired or crawler-mounted self-propelled scrapers,

front-end loaders, dozers, graders, loaders, and tractors, with or without

attachments, that are used in surface coal mines or the surface work areas of

underground coal mines shall be provided with roll-over protective structures

(hereinafter referred to as ROPS) in accordance with the requirements of

paragraphs (f)(2) through (f)(6) of this Section, as applicable.

2)         All mobile equipment described in paragraph (f)(1) of this

Section shall be equipped with ROPS meeting the requirements of the Department

of Labor specified in 29 CFR 1926.1001, and 1926.2002-Safety and Health

Regulations for Construction.

3)         Except as provided in paragraph (f)(8) of this Section, mobile

equipment described in paragraph (f)(1) of this Section, manufactured prior to

September 1, 1974, shall be deemed in compliance with this Section if the ROPS

is installed in accordance with the recommendations of the ROPS manufacturer or

designer

R 1926.1001, and 1926.2002-Safety and Health

Regulations for Construction.

3)         Except as provided in paragraph (f)(8) of this Section, mobile

equipment described in paragraph (f)(1) of this Section, manufactured prior to

September 1, 1974, shall be deemed in compliance with this Section if the ROPS

is installed in accordance with the recommendations of the ROPS manufacturer or

designer.  The coal mine operator shall exhibit certification from the ROPS

manufacturer or designer in the form of a label attached to the equipment

indicating the manufacturer's or fabricator's name and address, the ROPS model

number, if any, the machine make, model or series number that the structure is

designed to fit, and compliance with the applicable specification listed in

paragraph (c)(1) or (c)(2) of this Section, or he shall, upon request of the

authorized representative of the Department, furnish certification from a

registered professional engineer that:

A)        The ROPS complies with the Society of Automotive Engineers

(SAE) Standard J 397, "Critical Zone-Characteristics and Dimensions for

Operators of Construction and Industrial Machinery" or SAE J397a,

"Deflection Limiting Volume for Laboratory Evaluation of Rollover

Protective Structures (ROPS) and Falling Object Protective Structures (FOPS) of

Construction and Industrial Vehicles" and the following applicable SAE

Standards:

i)          J 320a, "Minimum Performance Criteria for Rollover

Protective Structure for Rubber-Tired Self-Propelled Scrapers" or J320b,

"Minimum Performance Criteria for Rollover Protective Structures for

Primer Movers";

ii)         J 394, "Minimum Performance Criteria for Rollover

Protective Structure for Rubber-Tired Front-End Loaders and Rubber-Tired

Dozers" or J 394a, "Minimum Performance Criteria for Rollover

Protective Structures for Wheeled Front-End Loaders and Wheeled Dozers";

iii)        J 395, "Minimum Performance Criteria for Rollover

Protective Structure for Crawler Tractors and Crawler-Type Loaders" or J

J 394, "Minimum Performance Criteria for Rollover

Protective Structure for Rubber-Tired Front-End Loaders and Rubber-Tired

Dozers" or J 394a, "Minimum Performance Criteria for Rollover

Protective Structures for Wheeled Front-End Loaders and Wheeled Dozers";

iii)        J 395, "Minimum Performance Criteria for Rollover

Protective Structure for Crawler Tractors and Crawler-Type Loaders" or J

395a, "Minimum Performance Criteria for Rollover Protective Structures for

Track-Type Tractors and Track-Type Front-End Loaders";

iv)        J 396 or J 396a, "Minimum Performance Criteria for

Rollover Protective Structures for Motor Graders";

v)         J 167, "Protective Frame with Overhead Protection-Test

Procedures and Performance Requirements"; or

vi)        J 334a, "Protective Frame Test Procedures and Performance

Requirements".

B)        The ROPS and supporting attachments will:

i)          Show satisfactory performance by actual test of a prototype

involving a roll of seven hundred twenty degrees (720~) or more;

ii)         Support not less than the weight of the vehicle applied as a

uniformly distributed and perpendicular to a vertical plane through the

longitudinal axis of the prime mover, and support two (2) times the weight of

the vehicle applied as a uniformly distributed vertical load to the top of the

structure; or

iii)        Support  the following separately applied minimum loads:

One hundred twenty-five (125) percent of the weight of the

vehicle applied as a uniformly distributed horizontal load at the top of the

ROPS and perpendicular to a critical plane through the longitudinal axis of the

prime mover; and a load of twice the weight of the vehicle applied as a

uniformly distributed vertical load to the top of the ROPS after complying with

paragraph (f)(3)(A) of this Section.  Stresses shall not exceed the ultimate

strength.  Steel used in the ROPS must have capability to perform at zero

degrees (0 ) F., or exhibit Charpy V-notch impact strength at eight (8) ft.-lb

l axis of the

prime mover; and a load of twice the weight of the vehicle applied as a

uniformly distributed vertical load to the top of the ROPS after complying with

paragraph (f)(3)(A) of this Section.  Stresses shall not exceed the ultimate

strength.  Steel used in the ROPS must have capability to perform at zero

degrees (0 ) F., or exhibit Charpy V-notch impact strength at eight (8) ft.-lb.

at minus twenty degrees (-20~) F.  with a standard Charpy V-notch Type A

specimen and provide twenty (20) percent elongation over two (2) inches in a

standard two (2) inch gauge length on a 0.505 inch diameter tensile specimen.

Bolts and nuts shall be SAE grade eight (8) (reference SAE J 429d, J 429e, J 429f

or J 429g, J 995, J 995a or J 995b).

4)         Mobile equipment manufactured prior to September 1, 1974

meeting certain existing governmental requirements for ROPS.  Mobile equipment

described in paragraph (f)(1) of this Section, manufactured prior to September

1, 1974 and already equipped with ROPS, shall be deemed in compliance with this

Section if it meets the ROPS requirements of the State of California, the U.S.

Army Corps of Engineers, the Bureau of Reclamation of the U.  S. Department of

the Interior in effect on April 5, 1972, or the Occupational Safety and Health

Administration, U.S. Department of Labor.  The requirements in effect are:

A)        State of California: Construction Safety Orders 1591(i), 1596,

and Logging and Sawmill Safety Order 5243, issued by the Department of

Industrial Relations pursuant to Divison 5, Labor Code Section 6312, State of

California;

B)        U.S. Army Corps of Engineers:  Safety-General Safety

Requirements, EM-385-1-1 (March 1967);

C)        Bureau of Reclamation, U.S. Department of the Interior: Safety

and Health Regulations for Construction, Part II (September 1971); and

D)        Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department

of Labor:  Safety and Health Regulations for Construction, 29 CFR 1926.1001 and

1926.1002

S. Army Corps of Engineers:  Safety-General Safety

Requirements, EM-385-1-1 (March 1967);

C)        Bureau of Reclamation, U.S. Department of the Interior: Safety

and Health Regulations for Construction, Part II (September 1971); and

D)        Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department

of Labor:  Safety and Health Regulations for Construction, 29 CFR 1926.1001 and

1926.1002.

5)         Field welding on ROPS shall be performed by welders who are

certified by the coal mine operator or equipment distributor as being qualified

in accordance with the American Welding Society Structural Welding Code AWS

D1.1-73, or Military Standard MIL-STD 248, or the equivalent thereof.

6)         Seat belts required by Section 220.170(k)(9) shall be worn by

the operator of mobile equipment required to be equipped with ROPS by this

Section.

g)         Machinery and equipment; operation, maintenance, and

examination.

1)         Mobile and stationary equipment shall be properly maintained

to assure safe operating conditions.  The operator of such equipment shall

report any dangerous equipment defect to the mine operator.  When such

condition is reported, the mine operator shall take immediate action to

investigate the report, and when such equipment defect is found, the equipment

shall be removed from service until the defect is corrected.

2)         All over-head hoists shall be secured by safety chains, ropes,

or other safety devices so that in the event they become separated from the

carriage track, they shall not fall.

3)         The ends of all stationary and all movable carriage rails

shall be equipped with safety stops at each end.

A)        This includes all carriage rails that are part of the system

regardless if a hoist is or is not suspended from the rail at time of

inspection.

B)        A means shall be provided to secure the traveling bridge to

assure that the movable rail will remain in place when both a movable rail and

a stationary rail are being utilized to suspend the hoist

ipped with safety stops at each end.

A)        This includes all carriage rails that are part of the system

regardless if a hoist is or is not suspended from the rail at time of

inspection.

B)        A means shall be provided to secure the traveling bridge to

assure that the movable rail will remain in place when both a movable rail and

a stationary rail are being utilized to suspend the hoist.  Hoisting equipment

shall be closely examined to also make certain:

i)          The the hoist is securely fastened to the dolly or other

support;

ii)         That the dolly rides the I-beam without excessive side play;

iii)        That the hoist has proper operating controls that allow the

hoist to be operated from a safe position.  Under no condition, shall a person

or persons position themselves under a suspended load.  Taglines shall be used

to position or to guide loads;

iv)        That the dolly or hoist does not contain bent or defective

parts or defective ropes or chains;

v)         That the electric hoists are being examined frequently and

maintained in a safe operating condition as required by Section 220.50(c) of

this Part;

vi)        That the hoist is being operated within its rated capacity;

vii)       That the hoists attached to H-beams are being used for vertical

lifting only;

viii)      That all load hooks are equipped with safety latches;

ix)        That limit switches are installed for both the hoisting and

lowering of electrical hoists to insure that a minimum of three (3) turns of

rope remain on the drum when the rope is extended to its maximum working

length; and

x)         That extensions or cheaters not be used on the handle of

hand-operated hoists.

h)         Performing work from a raised postion; safeguards.

1)         Men shall not work on or from a piece of mobile equipment in a

raised position until it has been blocked in place securely.  This does not

preclude the use of equipment specifically designed as elevated mobile work

platforms

gth; and

x)         That extensions or cheaters not be used on the handle of

hand-operated hoists.

h)         Performing work from a raised postion; safeguards.

1)         Men shall not work on or from a piece of mobile equipment in a

raised position until it has been blocked in place securely.  This does not

preclude the use of equipment specifically designed as elevated mobile work

platforms.

2)         No work shall be performed under machinery or equipment that

has been raised until such machinery or equipment has been securely blocked in

position.

i)          Drive Belts.

1)         Drive belts shall not be shifted while in motion unless the

machines are provided with mechanical shifters.

2)         Belt dressings shall not be applied while belts are in motion

except where it can be applied without endangering a person.

j)          Power-driven pulleys.

1)         Belts, chains, and ropes shall not be guided onto power-driven

moving pulleys, sprockets, or drums with the hands except on slow moving

equipment especially designed for hand feeding.

2)         Pulleys of conveyors shall not be cleaned manually while the

conveyor is in motion.

3)         Coal or other material spilled beneath belt conveyor drives or

tail pieces shall not be removed while the conveyor is in motion unless the

drive or tail piece is adequately guarded, sufficient overhead clearance is

provided, or special tools or equipment approved by an authorized

representative of the Department are used to protect the miner performing the

work.

k)         Welding operations.

1)         Welding operations shall be shielded and the area shall be

well ventilated.

2)         When air arcing and arc cutting is being performed, every

precaution should be taken to minimize the effects of noise, dust, and smoke on

men working in the area.

3)         Components of hoists shall not be used as welding grounds.

l)          Shovels, draglines, and tractors

Welding operations.

1)         Welding operations shall be shielded and the area shall be

well ventilated.

2)         When air arcing and arc cutting is being performed, every

precaution should be taken to minimize the effects of noise, dust, and smoke on

men working in the area.

3)         Components of hoists shall not be used as welding grounds.

l)          Shovels, draglines, and tractors.

1)         Shovels, draglines, and tractors shall not be operated in the

presence of any person exposed to a hazard from its operation and all such

equipment shall be provided with an adequate warning device which shall be

sounded by the operator prior to starting operation.

2)         Shovels and draglines shall be equipped with handrails along

and around all walkways and platforms.

m)        Mobile equipment; automatic warning devices.

Mobile equipment, such as trucks, forklifts, front-end

loaders, tractors and graders, shall be equipped with an adequate automatic

warning device which shall give an audible alarm when such equipment is put in

reverse.

n)         Compressed air and boilers; general.

All boilers and pressure vessels shall be constructed,

installed, and maintained in accordance with the standards and specificiations

of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers Boiler and Pressure Vessel

Code.

o)         Compressed air systems.

1)         Compressors and compressed-air receivers shall be equipped

with automatic pressure-relief valves, pressure gauges, and drain valves.

2)         Repairs involving the pressure system of compressors,

receivers, or compressed-air-powered equipment shall not be attempted until the

pressure has been relieved from that part of the system to be repaired.

3)         At no time shall compressed air be directed toward a person.

When compressed air is used, all necessary precautions shall be taken to

protect persons from injury

lves.

2)         Repairs involving the pressure system of compressors,

receivers, or compressed-air-powered equipment shall not be attempted until the

pressure has been relieved from that part of the system to be repaired.

3)         At no time shall compressed air be directed toward a person.

When compressed air is used, all necessary precautions shall be taken to

protect persons from injury.

4)         Safety chains or suitable locking devices shall be used at

connections to machines of high-pressure air hose lines of one (1) inch inside

diameter or larger, and between high-pressure air hose line of one (1) inch

inside diameter or larger, where a connection failure would create a hazard.

p)         Boilers.

1)         Boilers shall be equipped with guarded, well-maintained water

gauges and pressure gauges placed so that they can be observed easily. Water

gauges and pipe passages to the gauges shall be kept clean and free of scale

and rust.

2)         Boilers shall be equipped with automatic pressure-relief

valves; valves shall be opened manually at least once (1) a week to determine

that they will function properly.

3)         Blow-off valves shall be piped outside the building and shall

have outlets so located or protected that persons passing by, near, or under

them will not be scalded.

4)         Boiler installations shall be provided with safety devices,

meeting appropriate boiler code, to protect against hazards of flame outs, fuel

interruptions, and low water level.

5)         Boilers shall be inspected internally at least once (1) a year

by a licensed boiler inspector and a certificate of inspection signed by the

inspector shall be displayed in the vicinity of the boiler.