Documents

Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill: Gulf Coast Restoration Efforts

Congressional research report · CRS In Focus · Jul 17, 2017

distribution and use of funds under three of these settlements in particular are expected to have a major effect on restoration work in the Gulf: (1) civil penalties paid by responsible parties under the Clean … Restoration Pursuant to criminal settlements with BP and Transocean, NFWF is to receive and distribute $2.54 billion in a newly created fund, the Gulf Environmental Benefit Fund, over the 2013-2018 time period

Set-Asides for Small Businesses: Recent Developments in the Law Regarding Precedence Among the Set-Aside Programs and Set-Asides Under Indefinite-Delivery/Indefinite-Quantity Contracts

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Aug 4, 2011

Cl. 261 (2009) (finding that the Air Force did not act unreasonably when it determined not to award a follow-on contract via a small business set-aside because its requirements had changed and it determined … The comment period on this proposed rule ended May 9, 2008, but a final rule was never promulgated.

Coast Guard Polar Security Cutter (PSC) and Arctic Security Cutter (ASC) Icebreaker Programs: Background and Issues for Congress

Congressional research report · Reports · Jan 21, 2026

Program Office Comments We provided a draft of this assessment to the program office for review and comment. The program office provided technical comments, which we incorporated where appropriate. … • Thule Air Base Resupply and Polar Region Freedom of Navigation Transits.

Specialty Crops: 2008 Farm Bill Issues

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Jan 13, 2009

Act, among others. … Section 10202 provides $5 million annually in mandatory funds over four years to establish a National Clean Plant Network to grow pest- and disease-free planting stock for the specialty crop industry.

Domestic Drones and Privacy: A Primer

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Mar 30, 2015

Army, the Navy, the Marine Corps, and the Air Force, for operations in U.S. airspace. … , or is required to be retained for a longer period by any other applicable law or regulation.

Yemen: Background and U.S. Relations

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Feb 11, 2015

Sentinel Security Assessment, “The Gulf States, Country Yemen, Section: Air Force,” July 11, 2014. 62 Some sources claim that the United States has air assets throughout the region that could be used … P.L. 113-76, the FY2014 Omnibus Appropriations Act, states that “None of the funds appropriated by this Act for assistance for Yemen may be made available for the Armed Forces of Yemen if such forces are

Freshwater Harmful Algal Blooms: An Overview

Congressional research report · CRS In Focus · Jul 8, 2020

In addition to HABspecific legislation, the Clean Water Act (CWA) authorizes EPA to address water quality concerns associated with HABs. … Regarding the proposed concentration levels, some commenters felt that they were overly protective, while others felt they should be more stringent.

Using Data to Improve Defense Acquisitions: Background, Analysis, and Questions for Congress

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Jan 5, 2016

The concluding comments of the report states “measuring the performance of defense acquisition provides objective, quantitative information on our current performance. … According to a senior acquisition official, the act had a significant effect in improving the realism of cost estimates.77 The act also required DOD to conduct a root cause analysis of the cost, schedule

Border Security and Military Support: Legal Authorizations and Restrictions

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Dec 14, 2006

Restrictions The primary restriction on military participation in civilian law enforcement activities is the Posse Comitatus Act (PCA).9 The PCA prohibits the use of the Army and Air Force to execute the … Since the early 1980s, Congress has periodically authorized an expanded role for the military in providing support to LEAs.

Public Relations and Propaganda: Restrictions on Executive Agency Activities

Congressional research report · CRS Report · May 24, 2005

The Department of Education hired Armstrong Williams, a television commentator and syndicated columnist, to promote the No Child Left Behind Act on his television program.2 ! … The FCC also has filed a request for comments on the use of VNRs.

Kosovo and the 106th Congress

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Jan 18, 2001

Changes in the post-Milosevic period may carry implications for the NATO-led military presence in the Balkans. … , endorsed the air strikes.

The Purple Heart: Background and Issues for Congress

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Oct 2, 2024

On September 14, 2015, then-Air Force Secretary Deborah Lee James announced that Stone would receive the Purple Heart along with the Airman’s Medal, the Air Force’s highest noncombat award.47 At the Pentagon … Naval Air Station Pensacola on December 6, 2019 On December 6, 2019, Mohammed Saeed Alshamrani, a military officer from Saudi Arabia, used a handgun to open fire on a classroom at Naval Air Station (NAS

The Status of Coast Guard Cutter Acquisition Programs

Congressional research report · CRS Report Type TE · Feb 3, 2016

declined from about 17% in FY2000 to less than 8% in FY2012.27 The briefing also shows that the Navy makes more use of MYP contracts than does the Army or Air Force, and that the Air Force made very little … There is no requirement that BBC be approved in both a DOD appropriations act and an act other than a DOD appropriations act.

The Future of Space Tourism

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Aug 28, 2020

Federal oversight of space tourism has been deliberately light, consistent with the Commercial Space Launch Amendments Act of 2004 (P.L. 108-492), in which Congress mandated a “learning period” for companies … The “learning period” during which the agency must forbear from regulation is currently set to expire in 2023.

Wildfire Damages to Homes and Resources: Understanding Causes and Reducing Losses

Congressional research report · CRS Report · May 23, 2013

Once burning vigorously, a crown fire can create its own wind (the strong upward convection of the heated air can draw in cooler air from surrounding areas, thus creating a wind that feeds the fire). … This process is only available to persons who submitted “specific written comments that relate to the proposed action” during scoping or the public comment period on the draft NEPA document.

Immigration: Nonimmigrant (Temporary) Admissions to the United States

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Sep 10, 2019

to by the letter (and sometimes also the numeral) that denote their subsection in the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA). … In 2014, CBP began collecting this information automatically from electronic travel records for visitors arriving by air or sea.

DOE’s Proposed Regulation on Electricity Distribution Transformers

Congressional research report · CRS Insight · Jan 3, 2024

In contrast, Eaton, a transformer manufacturer, submitted a public comment to the proposed rule stating: “Technology and process development to accommodate amorphous steel will exacerbate existing labor … A recent draft bill, the “Clean Electricity and Transmission Acceleration Act of 2023,” would authorize additional funding under the DPA for GOES. CRS Report R43767 discusses the DPA in detail.

North Korea’s Nuclear Weapons: Technical Issues

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Apr 3, 2013

Assistant Secretary of State Christopher Hill cites 50 kg in his comments. Hecker, ibid. … If venting of the nuclear test site has occurred, air samples could indicate what kind of material was used.

The Supreme Court Nomination of Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson: Initial Observations

Congressional research report · CRS Report Type LSB · Feb 28, 2022

Food and Drug Administration acted improperly when it refused to recognize that a drug was entitled to a marketing exclusivity period—a result that, in her view, the statute unambiguously required. … Analyzing the plain meaning of the relevant statutory terms and considering relevant caselaw and factual history, she held that an earlier consent decree addressing Clean Water Act violations at the landfill

Housing and Urban Development (HUD) FY2018 Audit Opinion

Congressional research report · CRS In Focus · Jan 10, 2019

As required by the Chief Financial Officers Act of 1990 (CFO Act; 31 U.S.C. §902), as amended, HUD and other federal government agencies annually issue audited financial statements. … Under the CFO Act, audits of federal agencies are the responsibility of the agency’s inspector general (IG).