Documents

Voluntary Carbon Offsets: Background, Federal Involvement, and Issues for Congress

Congressional research report · Reports · Jul 15, 2026

For example, some stakeholders recommend involving the EPA in carbon offset governance due to the EPA’s experience implementing Clean Air Act programs that include design elements similar to carbon offsets … Air Act §173; 42 U.S.C. §7503) as an example of EPA’s relevant experience.

Automobile and Light Truck Fuel Economy: The CAFE Standards

Congressional research report · CRS Report · May 7, 2008

Air Act. … For more information on the Clean Air Act waiver process, see CRS Report RL34099, California’s Waiver Request to Control Greenhouse Gases Under the Clean Air Act. CRS-12 new vehicles.

S. 1392, Shaheen-Portman Bill: Energy Savings and Industrial Competitiveness Act of 2013

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Oct 25, 2013

The report notes a continuing congressional interest in EPA regulations that aim to limit carbon and other GHG emissions under authority of the Clean Air Act (CAA). … EPA, by contrast, concludes that the Clean Air Act already requires action: a 2007 Supreme Court decision interpreting EPA’s Clean Air Act authority, Massachusetts v.

EPA to Revisit Greenhouse Gas Endangerment Finding

Congressional research report · Legal Sidebar · Jun 6, 2025

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced that it would initiate “a formal reconsideration” of its “Endangerment Finding,” a 2009 rule under the Clean Air Act (CAA) in which EPA found, for the first … When it finalizes the rule, EPA must respond “to each of the significant comments, criticisms, and new data submitted in written or oral presentations during the comment period.”

21st Century U.S. Energy Sources: A Primer

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Nov 5, 2018

For more details see CRS Report RL30853, Clean Air Act: A Summary of the Act and Its Major Requirements, by (name redacted) . … EPA has oversight/enforcement of all or part of the Oil Pollution Act, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), Clean Water Act, Clean Air Act, Energy Policy Act, Energy Independence and Security

Global Climate Change: Lowering Cost Estimates through Emissions Trading -- Some Dynamics and Pitfalls

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Aug 20, 1999

The closest example of such a trading program is the acid rain program under title IV of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. … Poling, and John L Moore, “Clean Air Act Allowance Trading,” 21 Environmental Law, 4, 1991, pp. 2023-2068, CRS-10 Figure 4 However, although the positive effects of trading have been borne out in the

China and the United States--A Comparison of Green Energy Programs and Policies

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Jun 14, 2010

During this period, the U.S. … These include H.R. 2454, the American Clean Energy and Security Act of 2009, and S. 1462, the American Clean Energy Leadership Act of 2009.

Carbon Capture and Sequestration: Research, Development, and Demonstration at the U.S. Department of Energy

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Apr 24, 2015

Air Act. … H.R. 3826, the Electricity Security and Affordability Act, would have set requirements EPA must meet before the agency could issue GHG emission regulations under Section 111 of the Clean Air Act.

Energy Policy: Conceptual Framework and Continuing Issues

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Mar 7, 2007

•ŽŠ—ȱ’›ȱŠ—Š›œȱŠ—ȱ Šœ˜•’—Žȱž™™•¢ȱŠ—ȱ’œ›’‹ž’˜—ȱ Attention has focused on the Clean Air Act standards that regulate the oxygen content, volatility, benzene, and the sulfur content of gasoline. … Some have urged a rationalization of Clean Air Act standards that would permit a “harmonization” of U.S. gasoline standards.

Electrical Power: Overview of Congressional Issues

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Jan 30, 2013

Air Act of 1970 (P.L. 91-604) and subsequent revisions, the Clean Water Act of 1972 (P.L.92-500), and the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976 (P.L. 94-580). … They include the Cross-State Air Pollution Rule21 (which replaced the Clean Air Interstate Rule); the Mercury and Air Toxics Standards (MATS) (also known as the Utility MACT) rule to reduce emissions of

Clean Water Act Section 401: Overview and Recent Developments

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Feb 7, 2025

What Is Clean Water Act Section 401? … ://www.aga.org/research-policy/resource-library/aga-joins-comments-aug-8-2022-urging-epa-toclarify-regulations-governing-state-clean-water-act-401-water-quality-certifications/.

EPA Proposes the Affordable Clean Energy Rule to Replace the Clean Power Plan

Congressional research report · CRS Report Type LSB · Sep 26, 2018

Legal Sidebari EPA Proposes the Affordable Clean Energy Rule to Replace the Clean Power Plan September 26, 2018 On August 31, 2018, the U.S. … This Sidebar explores the legal basis for the proposed ACE Rule and discusses EPA’s authority to consider various emission reduction options for existing power plants under the Clean Air Act (CAA).

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): Appropriations for FY2014 in P.L. 113-76

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Aug 15, 2014

Two directives addressed air quality and climate change program activities related to regional haze and the role of states in Clean Air Act implementation.24 EPA is one of 17 federal agencies that have … : Air, Climate, and Energy $92.9 $105.7 $95.0 Global Change N/A $20.4 N/A Clean Air N/A $83.2 N/A Other Activities N/A $2.1 N/A Clean Air and Climate $268.1 $308.3 $277.5 Clean Air

Water Infrastructure Financing: History of EPA Appropriations

Congressional research report · CRS Report · May 21, 2003

and special project grants, $885 million for consolidated CRS-20 state environmental grants, and $200 million for a new Clean Air Partnership Fund. … for a Clean Air Partnership Fund.

Subsidizing Replacement of Motor Vehicles: An Analysis of “Cash for Clunkers” Programs

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Sep 25, 2020

The survey was developed in a short period of time—with no pretesting beforehand—leading GAO to later comment that “it did not follow some generally accepted survey design and implementation practices, … It was administered by the Clean Air Foundation (a nonprofit organization), and motorists could choose a transit pass or cash in lieu of a rebate. The government did not enact a U.S.

Fuel Ethanol: Background and Public Policy Issues

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Dec 17, 2004

, under the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, municipal fleets can use alternative fuel vehicles to mitigate air quality problems. … Ethanol is primarily used in gasoline to meet minimum oxygenate requirements of two Clean Air Act programs.

U.S. Nuclear Plant Shutdowns, State Interventions, and Policy Concerns

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Feb 7, 2022

pdf=895795.pdf. 33 Supreme Court of Ohio, In re Matter of Establishing the Clean Air Fund Rider Pursuant to R.C. 3706.46, December 28, 2020, http://supremecourt.ohio.gov/pdf_viewer/pdf_viewer.aspx? … Nuclear power is eligible in the CLEAN Future Act.

Energy Efficiency: Budget, Oil Conservation, and Electricity Conservation Issues

Congressional research report · CRS Report · May 25, 2006

Also, worldwide emphasis on environmental problems of air and water pollution and global climate change, the related development of clean energy technologies in western Europe and Japan, and technology … P.L. 109-59 (H.R. 3) Transportation Equity Act.

Access to Motor Vehicle Software and Data

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Jul 19, 2024

For more information on the Clean Air Act, see CRS Report RL30853, Clean Air Act: A Summary of the Act and Its Major Requirements, by Richard K. Lattanzio. … , p. 5. 144 NAM Opposition Comment, p. 2 (discussing prohibitions against tampering with emissions controls (Section 203(a)(3) of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. §7522))). 145 Auto Innovators Opposition Comment

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): Appropriations for FY2013 in P.L. 113-6

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Aug 29, 2013

Many of these activities are associated with regulations under the Clean Air Act to address emissions of greenhouse gases, hazardous air pollutants such as mercury, and particulate matter.38 Although generally … — Clean Air $78.5 $82.8 — Other Activities $2.0 $2.6 — Clean Air and Climate $286.1 $313.2 $268.1 Clean Air Allowance Trading Program $20.8 $20.9 $19.8 Climate Protection Program: $99.5