Case law

KELLEY v. REYES

District Court, D. New Jersey · Oct 1, 2025

That is not how qualified immunity works. Qualified immunity is determined on a claim-by-claim basis, See Behrens v. … Pa, 2018) (“It would be strange to say that right X is clearly established just because right Y is clearly established and happens to prohibitthe same conduct.”), On this basis alone, reconsideration is improper

Clemente Properties, Inc. v. Pierluisi

District Court, D. Puerto Rico · Sep 22, 2023

Qualified immunity applies where: (1) a federal right was violated, and (2) “the unlawfulness of the conduct was clearly established at the time.” Lawless, 63 F.4th at 67. … Courts may begin the qualified immunity analysis by considering the clearly established prong. See Id.

(PC) Edwards v. Swarthout

District Court, E.D. California · Apr 25, 2024

Defendant argues, third, he is entitled to qualified 15 immunity because it was not clearly established in 2010 that a modified program based partly … City of Roseville, 9 882 F.3d 843, 856-57 (9th Cir. 2018) (holding that Ninth Circuit precedent is sufficient to meet 10 the “clearly established” prong of qualified immunity).

LEE v. CLARK

District Court, D. New Jersey · Oct 1, 2025

That is not how qualified immunity works. Qualified immunity is determined on a claim-by-claim basis, See Behrens v. … Pa, 2018) (“It would be strange to say that right X is clearly established just because right Y is clearly established and happens to prohibitthe same conduct.”), On this basis alone, reconsideration is improper

McNair v. Bace

District Court, D. Maryland · Jun 5, 2025

McNair has stated a viable claim, he is entitled to qualified immunity because it was not clearly established at the time of the incident that his actions constituted an excessive use of force. ECF No. 38-1 at 14. … established for any future qualified immunity cases involving similar circumstances.”

Ramirez v. Killian

District Court, N.D. Texas · Aug 12, 2022

violated clearly established law.” … Plaintiffs Failed to Prove a Violation of Their Clearly Established Rights Qualified immunity applies if a reasonable officer could have believed the disputed act was lawful in light of clearly established law and

Zarkower v. City of New York

District Court, E.D. New York · May 21, 2020

The defendants argue that they are entitled to qualified immunity because the alleged conduct does not violate a clearly established right. I disagree. … Qualified Immunity “A police officer is entitled to qualified immunity from liability for his discretionary actions if either (1) his conduct does not violate clearly established

Moorehead v. SCHOOL DISTRICT OF THE CITY OF ALLENTOWN

District Court, E.D. Pennsylvania · Jul 16, 2024

Coffey, 905 F.3d 138, 144 (3d Cir. 2018) (granting qualified immunity for lack of clearly established law regarding electronic communications in the workplace); United States v. … But if they weren’t, these unsettled issues would weigh heavily in favor of qualified immunity.

Saez v. Judicial Branch

District Court, D. Connecticut · Mar 31, 2025

Callahan, 555 U.S. 223, 244 (2009) (recognizing that the qualified immunity “inquiry turns on the objective legal reasonableness of the action, assessed in light of the legal rules that were clearly established at the time … See id. at 231 (“The doctrine of qualified immunity protects government officials from liability for civil damages insofar as their conduct does not violate clearly established statutory or constitutional rights of which

DEDURO v. THE NEW JERSEY DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH

District Court, D. New Jersey · Sep 18, 2025

A court analyzing a defense of qualified immunity must determine both (1) whether the plaintiff has shown a violation of a constitutional right and, (2) whether the right was “clearly established” at the time of the alleged … However, even if Kane did create such notice, single out-of-circuit case is insufficient to clearly establish a right” for purposes of qualified immunity. Porter v. Pa.

Jeanniton v. City and County of Honolulu

District Court, D. Hawaii · Aug 4, 2021

clearly established.” … The officer is entitled to qualified immunity if the law at the time of the incident did not clearly establish that the officer’s conduct violated the United States Constitution

Castro

District Court, D. Utah · Mar 18, 2026

“Individual defendants named in a § 1983 action may raise a defense of qualified immunity, which shields public officials from damages actions unless their conduct was unreasonable in light of clearly established law.”43 … Thus, while a case need not be directly on point, precedent must still put the underlying question beyond debate.”79 When assessing the “clearly established” prong of qualified immunity, courts are to pay close attention

Ferebee v. Gilley

District Court, W.D. Virginia · Aug 25, 2022

Because Defendants have not shown that this right was not clearly established in 2020 when the claims in this case arose, they cannot sustain a qualified immunity defense.1 Pearson v. … Callahan, 555 U.S. 223, 231 (2009) (“The doctrine of qualified immunity protects government officials ‘from liability for civil damages insofar as their conduct does not violate clearly established statutory or constitutional

GARCIA v. CITY OF PERTH AMBOY

District Court, D. New Jersey · Sep 4, 2024

Qualified immunity is applicable unless the official’s conduct violated a clearly established constitutional right. … In other words, if the official’s conduct violated a clearly established right, qualified immunity does not apply. See id. “[C]ourts are free to address the two elements in whichever order they deem appropriate.”

Rutledge v. Hatton

District Court, N.D. California · Oct 2, 2020

To determine whether an 15 officer is entitled to qualified immunity, the Court must consider whether (1) the officer’s conduct 16 violated a constitutional right, and (2) that right was clearly established at the time … Appx. 415, 418 (9th Cir. 27 2002) (denying qualified immunity because it is clearly established that refusing requests from a 1 indifference to medical needs).

Fambrough v. City of East Cleveland, Ohio

District Court, N.D. Ohio · Aug 14, 2023

Dismissing for qualified immunity on this ground is sometimes difficult because the clearly established inquiry may turn on case-specific details that must be fleshed out in discovery.” Id. at 765. … In sum, dismissal on qualified immunity grounds is proper when the “complaint establishes the defense.” Siefert v.

Lunnon v. United States

District Court, D. New Mexico · Mar 23, 2020

demonstrating a violation of a clearly-established right, qualified immunity is a viable defense in cases where RICO violations have been alleged. See Brown v. … Nationsbank Corp., 188 F.3d 579, 588 (5th Cir. 1999) (holding that FBI agents were entitled to qualified immunity for RICO claims against them because the rights asserted were not clearly established at the time of defendants

Renfroe v. Parker

District Court, S.D. Mississippi · Jun 7, 2019

clearly established law.” … at 1153 (reversing denial of qualified immunity where facts did not fit clearly established law).4 2.

KAISER v. DIXON

District Court, N.D. Florida · Oct 24, 2024

Additionally, FDC Defendants raise the defense of qualified immunity in their motion to dismiss. The throughline requirement in each of these areas is the presence of a constitutional violation. … to the next step of determining if a constitutional right was clearly established”).

Wilson v. Escambia Board of Education

District Court, S.D. Alabama · Aug 21, 2025

“The qualified immunity defense shields ‘government officials performing discretionary functions . . . from liability for civil damages insofar as their conduct does not violate clearly established statutory or constitutional … “Generally speaking, it is proper to grant a motion to dismiss on qualified immunity grounds when the ‘complaint fails to allege the violation of a clearly established constitutional right.’”