Section 690.10 Definitions

Section 690.10  Definitions

"Acceptable

Laboratory" − A laboratory that is certified under the Centers for

Medicare and Medicaid Services, Department of Health and Human Services,

Laboratory Requirements (42 CFR 493), which implements the Clinical Laboratory

Improvement Amendments of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 263).

"Act" – The Department

of Public Health Act of the Civil Administrative Code of Illinois [20 ILCS

2305].

"Airborne Precautions"

or "Airborne Infection Isolation Precautions" – Infection control

measures designed to reduce the risk of transmission of infectious agents that

may be suspended in the air in either dust particles or small particle aerosols

(airborne droplet nuclei (5 µm or smaller in size)) (see Section

690.20(a)(7)).

"Arboviral Infection or

Disease" – Diseases caused by infection from a group of RNA viruses that

are transmitted to humans from the bite of infected blood-sucking arthropods,

including ticks, mosquitoes, sandflies and biting midges with clinical

manifestations ranging from mild febrile illness to severe encephalitis.

"Authenticated

Fecal Specimen" − A specimen for which a public health authority or

a person authorized by a public health authority has observed either or both

the patient producing the specimen or conditions under which no one other than

the case, carrier or contact could be the source of the specimen.

"Bioterrorist

Threat or Event" – The intentional use of any microorganism, virus,

infectious substance or biological product that may be engineered as a result

of biotechnology, or any naturally occurring or bioengineered component of any

microorganism, virus, infectious substance, or biological product, to cause

death, disease or other biological malfunction in a human, an animal, a plant

or another living organism.

"Business"

− A person, partnership or corporation engaged in commerce, manufacturing

or a service.

"Carbapenem

Antibiotics" – A class of broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics

ng or bioengineered component of any

microorganism, virus, infectious substance, or biological product, to cause

death, disease or other biological malfunction in a human, an animal, a plant

or another living organism.

"Business"

− A person, partnership or corporation engaged in commerce, manufacturing

or a service.

"Carbapenem

Antibiotics" – A class of broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics.

"Carrier"

− A living or deceased person who harbors a specific infectious agent in

the absence of discernible clinical disease and serves as a potential source of

infection for others.

"Case"

− Any living or deceased person having a recent illness due to a notifiable

condition.

"Confirmed Case" – A

case that is classified as confirmed in accordance with federal or State case

definitions.

"Probable Case" −

A case that is classified as probable in accordance with federal or State case

definitions.

"Suspect Case" − A

case whose medical history or symptoms suggest that the person may have or may

be developing a communicable disease or notifiable condition and who does not

yet meet the definition of a probable or confirmed case in accordance with

federal or State case definitions.

"CDC"

– Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

"Certified Local Health

Department" − A local health authority that is certified pursuant to

Section 600.210 of the Certified Local Health Department Code (77 Ill. Adm.

Code 600).

"Chain of Custody"

− The methodology of tracking specimens for the purpose of maintaining

control and accountability from initial collection to final disposition of the

specimens and providing for accountability at each stage of collecting,

handling, testing, storing, and transporting the specimens and reporting test

results.

"Child Care Facility"

− A center, private home, or drop-in facility open on a regular basis

where children are enrolled for care or education

of maintaining

control and accountability from initial collection to final disposition of the

specimens and providing for accountability at each stage of collecting,

handling, testing, storing, and transporting the specimens and reporting test

results.

"Child Care Facility"

− A center, private home, or drop-in facility open on a regular basis

where children are enrolled for care or education.

"Cleaning"

− The removal of visible soil (organic and inorganic material) from

objects and surfaces, normally accomplished by manual or mechanical means using

water with detergents or enzymatic products.

"Clinical Materials" – A

clinical isolate containing the infectious agent, or other material containing

the infectious agent or evidence of the infectious agent.

"Closure" – A selective

restriction on, limitation to, or denial of entry to an area, building, or part

of an area or building, or the stoppage or suspension of operations, services

or activities within an area, building or business or part of an area, building

or business where persons are exposed to, infected with, or reasonably

suspected to be infected with, a notifiable disease, or to prevent transmission

of a notifiable disease or condition among a vulnerable population.

"Closure, Modified" – A

selective, partial restriction on, limitation to, or denial of entry to an

area, building, or part of an area or building, or the stoppage or suspension

of operations, services or activities within an area, building or business or part

of an area, building or business where persons are exposed to, infected with,

or reasonably suspected to be infected with, a notifiable disease or condition,

or to prevent transmission of a notifiable disease or condition among a

vulnerable population

r part of an area or building, or the stoppage or suspension

of operations, services or activities within an area, building or business or part

of an area, building or business where persons are exposed to, infected with,

or reasonably suspected to be infected with, a notifiable disease or condition,

or to prevent transmission of a notifiable disease or condition among a

vulnerable population.  Modified closure is designed to meet particular

situations and includes, but is not limited to, limiting or discontinuing

admissions, closing a specific area, discontinuing a medical procedure or use

of a medical device, or ceasing food production or serving a particular

implicated food product.

"Cluster" – Two or more

persons with a similar illness or condition, usually associated by place or

time, unless defined otherwise in Subpart D.

"Communicable

Disease" – An illness or condition caused by an infectious agent or its

toxins that occurs through the direct or indirect transmission of the

infectious agent or its products from an infected individual or via an animal,

vector or the inanimate object or environment to a susceptible animal or human

host.

"Contact"

− Any person known to have been sufficiently associated with or exposed

to a case or carrier of a communicable disease to have been the source of

infection for that person or to have been sufficiently associated with the case

or carrier of a communicable disease to have become infected by the case or

carrier; and, based on the knowledge of disease transmission, there is a risk

of the individual contracting the infectious disease. A contact can be a

household or non-household contact.

"Contact Precautions" –

Infection prevention and control measures designed to reduce the risk of

transmission of infectious agents that can be spread through direct contact

with the suspected or known case or indirect contact with potentially

infectious items or surfaces (see Section 690.20(a)(7))

idual contracting the infectious disease. A contact can be a

household or non-household contact.

"Contact Precautions" –

Infection prevention and control measures designed to reduce the risk of

transmission of infectious agents that can be spread through direct contact

with the suspected or known case or indirect contact with potentially

infectious items or surfaces (see Section 690.20(a)(7)).

"Contagious Disease" –

An infectious disease that can be transmitted from person to person by direct

or indirect contact

.

"Dangerously Contagious or

Infectious Disease" − An illness due to a specific infectious agent

or its toxic products that arises through transmission of that agent or its

products from an infected person, animal or inanimate reservoir to a

susceptible host, either directly or indirectly through an intermediate plant

or animal host, a vector or the inanimate environment, and may pose an imminent

and significant threat to the public health, resulting in severe morbidity or

high mortality.

"Decontamination"

−

A procedure that removes pathogenic microorganisms from objects so they are

safe to handle, use or discard.

"Department"

− The Illinois Department of Public Health or designated agent.

"Diarrhea"

− The occurrence of three or more loose stools within a 24-hour period.

"Director" − The

Director of the Department, or his or her duly designated officer or agent.

"Disinfection"

− A process, generally less lethal than sterilization, that eliminates

virtually all recognized pathogenic microorganisms, but not necessarily all

microbial forms (e.g., bacterial spores).

"Droplet Precautions" –

Infection prevention and control measures designed to reduce the risk of

transmission of infectious agents via large particle droplets that do not

remain suspended in the air and are usually generated by coughing, sneezing, or

talking (see Section 690.20(a)(7))

y all recognized pathogenic microorganisms, but not necessarily all

microbial forms (e.g., bacterial spores).

"Droplet Precautions" –

Infection prevention and control measures designed to reduce the risk of

transmission of infectious agents via large particle droplets that do not

remain suspended in the air and are usually generated by coughing, sneezing, or

talking (see Section 690.20(a)(7)).

"Electronic Disease

Surveillance System" or "EDSS" − A secure, web-based

electronic disease surveillance system utilized by health care providers,

laboratories and State and local health department staff to report notifiable diseases

and conditions, and to collect and analyze additional demographic,

epidemiological and medical information for surveillance purposes and outbreak

detection and response.

"Electronic Laboratory

Reporting (ELR)" – The electronic transmission from laboratories to public

health of laboratory reports which identify notifiable diseases and conditions.

"Electronic Case Reporting

(eCR)" – The automated, real-time exchange of case report information

between electronic health records (EHRs) and public health agencies of notifiable

diseases and conditions.

"Emergency" – An

occurrence or imminent threat of an illness or health condition that:

is believed to be caused by any of

the following:

bioterrorism;

the appearance of a novel or

previously controlled or eradicated infectious agent or biological toxin;

a natural disaster;

a chemical attack or accidental

release; or

a nuclear attack or incident; and

poses a high probability of any of

the following harms:

a large number of deaths in the affected

population;

a large number of serious or

long-term disabilities in the affected population; or

widespread exposure to an

infectious or toxic agent that poses a significant risk of substantial future

harm to a large number of people in the affected population

e; or

a nuclear attack or incident; and

poses a high probability of any of

the following harms:

a large number of deaths in the affected

population;

a large number of serious or

long-term disabilities in the affected population; or

widespread exposure to an

infectious or toxic agent that poses a significant risk of substantial future

harm to a large number of people in the affected population.

"Emergency

Care" − The performance of rapid acts or procedures under emergency

conditions, especially for those who are stricken with sudden and acute illness

or who are the victims of severe trauma, in the observation, care and counsel of

persons who are ill or injured or who have disabilities.

"Emergency

Care Provider" – A person who provides rapid acts or procedures under

emergency conditions, especially for those who are stricken with sudden and

acute illness or who are the victims of severe trauma, in the observation, care

and counsel of persons who are ill or injured or who have disabilities.

"Enhanced Barrier

Precautions" – An infection prevention and control intervention designed

to reduce transmission of antimicrobial resistant organisms that employs

targeted gown, glove, and other personal protective equipment use during high

contact resident care activities.

"Epidemic"

− The occurrence in a community or region of cases of a communicable

disease or condition (or an outbreak) clearly in excess of expectancy.

"Exclusion"

– Removal of individuals from a setting in which the possibility of disease

transmission exists. For a food handler, this means to prevent a person from

working as an employee in a food establishment or entering a food establishment

as an employee.

"Extensively

Drug-Resistant Organisms" or "XDRO" – A pathogen that is

difficult to treat because it is non-susceptible to all or nearly all antimicrobials.

"Fever"

– The elevation of body temperature above the normal (typically considered

greater than or equal to 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit)

son from

working as an employee in a food establishment or entering a food establishment

as an employee.

"Extensively

Drug-Resistant Organisms" or "XDRO" – A pathogen that is

difficult to treat because it is non-susceptible to all or nearly all antimicrobials.

"Fever"

– The elevation of body temperature above the normal (typically considered

greater than or equal to 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit).

"First

Responder" – Individuals who in the early stages of an incident are

responsible for the protection and preservation of life, property, evidence,

and the environment, including emergency response providers as defined in

section 2 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 101), as well as

emergency management, public health, clinical care, public works, behavioral

health, and other skilled support personnel (such as equipment operators) that

provide immediate support services during prevention, response, and recovery

operations.

"Food

Handler" − Any person who has the potential to transmit foodborne

pathogens to others from working with unpackaged food, food equipment, clean

utensils, oral medications, or food-contact surfaces; any person who has the

potential to transmit foodborne pathogens to others by directly preparing or

handling food drinks, or providing oral medications or oral care. Food handler

does not include individuals in private homes preparing or serving food for

individual family consumption.

"Health

Care" – Care, services and supplies related to the health of an

individual. Health care includes preventive, diagnostic, therapeutic,

rehabilitative, maintenance or palliative care, and counseling, among other

services.  Health care also includes the sale and dispensing of prescription

drugs or devices

uals in private homes preparing or serving food for

individual family consumption.

"Health

Care" – Care, services and supplies related to the health of an

individual. Health care includes preventive, diagnostic, therapeutic,

rehabilitative, maintenance or palliative care, and counseling, among other

services.  Health care also includes the sale and dispensing of prescription

drugs or devices.

"Health Care Facility"

− Any institution, building or agency, or portion of an institution,

building or agency, whether public or private (for-profit or nonprofit), that

is used, operated or designed to provide health services, medical treatment or

nursing, rehabilitative or preventive care to any person or persons.  This

includes, but is not limited to, ambulatory surgical treatment centers, home

health agencies, hospices, hospitals, end-stage renal disease facilities,

long-term care facilities, medical assistance facilities, mental health

centers, outpatient facilities, public health centers, rehabilitation

facilities, residential treatment facilities, school health offices, medical spas,

and adult day care centers.

"Health

Care Provider" – Any person or entity who provides health care services,

including, but not limited to, hospitals, medical clinics and offices, certified

midwives, long-term care facilities, medical laboratories, physicians,

pharmacists, dentists, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, nurses,

paramedics, emergency medical or laboratory technicians, and ambulance and

emergency workers

.

"Health

Care Worker" − Any person who is employed by, volunteers his or her

services to or learning in a student or trainee role at a health care facility

to provide direct personal services to others.  This definition includes, but

is not limited to, physicians, dentists, nurses and nursing assistants

amedics, emergency medical or laboratory technicians, and ambulance and

emergency workers

.

"Health

Care Worker" − Any person who is employed by, volunteers his or her

services to or learning in a student or trainee role at a health care facility

to provide direct personal services to others.  This definition includes, but

is not limited to, physicians, dentists, nurses and nursing assistants.

"Health

Information Exchange" – The mobilization of healthcare information

electronically securely across organizations within a state, region, community

or hospital system; or, for purposes of this Part, an electronic network whose

purpose is to accomplish the exchange, or an organization that oversees and

governs the network.

"Health

Level Seven" – Health Level Seven International or "HL7" is a

not-for-profit, American National Standards Institute (ANSI)-accredited

standards developing organization dedicated to providing a comprehensive

framework and related standards for the exchange, integration, sharing and

retrieval of electronic health information that supports clinical practice and

the management, delivery and evaluation of health services.  HL7 produces

standards for message formats, such as HL7 2.5.1, that are adopted for use in

public health data exchange between health care providers and public health.

"Immediate

Care" – The delivery of ambulatory care in a facility dedicated to the

delivery of medical care outside of a hospital emergency department, usually on

an unscheduled, walk-in basis. Immediate care facilities are primarily used to

treat patients who have an injury or illness that requires immediate care but

is not serious enough to warrant a visit to an emergency department.

"Incubation Period" –

The time interval between initial contact with an infectious agent and the

first appearance of symptoms associated with the infection.

"Infectious Disease" – A

disease caused by a living organism or other pathogen, including a fungus,

bacteria, parasite, protozoan, prion, or virus

res immediate care but

is not serious enough to warrant a visit to an emergency department.

"Incubation Period" –

The time interval between initial contact with an infectious agent and the

first appearance of symptoms associated with the infection.

"Infectious Disease" – A

disease caused by a living organism or other pathogen, including a fungus,

bacteria, parasite, protozoan, prion, or virus.  An infectious disease may, or

may not, be transmissible from person to person, animal to person, or insect to

person.

"Infection

preventionist" – A person designated by a hospital, nursing home, medical

clinic, or other health care facility as having responsibility for prevention,

detection, reporting, and control of infections within the facility.

"Institution" – An

established organization or foundation, especially one dedicated to education,

public service, or culture, or a place for the care of persons who are

destitute, disabled, or mentally ill.

"Institutions of Higher

Education" – Any place and/or building, or portion thereof, that offers or

is intended to provide post-secondary education, including colleges and

universities.

"Isolation" – The

physical separation and confinement of an individual or groups of individuals

who are infected or reasonably believed to be infected with a contagious or

possibly contagious disease from non-isolated individuals, to prevent or limit

the transmission of the disease to non-isolated individuals.

"Isolation,

Modified" – A selective, partial limitation of freedom of movement or

actions of a person or group of persons infected with, or reasonably suspected

to be infected with, a contagious or infectious disease.  Modified isolation is

designed to meet particular situations and includes, but is not limited to, the

exclusion of children from school, the prohibition or restriction from engaging

in a particular occupation or using public or mass transportation, or

requirements for the use of devices or procedures intended to limit disease

transmission

be infected with, a contagious or infectious disease.  Modified isolation is

designed to meet particular situations and includes, but is not limited to, the

exclusion of children from school, the prohibition or restriction from engaging

in a particular occupation or using public or mass transportation, or

requirements for the use of devices or procedures intended to limit disease

transmission.

"Isolation Precautions"

– Infection control measures for preventing the transmission of infectious

agents, i.e., standard precautions, airborne precautions (also known as

airborne infection isolation precautions), contact precautions, droplet

precautions and transmission-based precautions (see Section 690.20(a)(7)).

"Law" – The Department

of Public Health Powers and Duties Law of the Civil Administrative Code of

Illinois [

20 ILCS 2310

].

"Least Restrictive"

− The minimal limitation of the freedom of movement and communication of

a person or group of persons while under an order of isolation or an order of

quarantine, which also effectively protects unexposed and susceptible persons

from disease transmission.

"Local

Health Authority" − The health authority (i.e., full-time official

health department, as recognized by the Department) having jurisdiction over a

particular area, including city, village, township and county boards of health

and health departments and the responsible executive officers of those boards,

or any person legally authorized to act for the local health authority.  In

areas without a health department recognized by the Department, the local

health authority shall be the Department.

"Medical laboratory" – A

facility with a current Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)

certificate that receives, forwards, or analyzes specimens of original material

from the human body, or referred cultures of specimens obtained from the human

body, and reports the results to a health care practitioner who uses the data

for purposes of patient care or public health

e Department.

"Medical laboratory" – A

facility with a current Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)

certificate that receives, forwards, or analyzes specimens of original material

from the human body, or referred cultures of specimens obtained from the human

body, and reports the results to a health care practitioner who uses the data

for purposes of patient care or public health.

"Medical Record" – A

written or electronic account including a patient's medical history, current

illness, diagnosis, details of treatments, chronological progress notes, laboratory

testing, medical imaging tests, and discharge recommendations.

"Monitoring" – The

practice of watching, checking or documenting medical findings of potential

contacts for the development or non-development of an infection or illness.

Monitoring may also include the institution of community-level physical

distancing measures designed to reduce potential exposure and unknowing

transmission of infection to others.  Monitoring measures may include, but are

not limited to, reporting of geographic location for a period of time,

restricted use of public transportation, recommended or mandatory mask use,

temperature and/or other symptoms screening prior to entering public buildings

or attending public gatherings.

"Multi-Drug-Resistant

Organisms" or "MDRO" – A pathogen that is resistant to one or

more antimicrobial agents and is usually resistant to all but one or two

commercially available antimicrobial agents.

"Non-Duplicative

Isolate" – The first isolate obtained from any source during each unique

patient/resident encounter, including those obtained for active surveillance or

clinical decision making.

"Novel

Influenza" – An influenza A virus subtype that is different from the

current circulating human influenza A subtypes such as H1 and H3

t one or two

commercially available antimicrobial agents.

"Non-Duplicative

Isolate" – The first isolate obtained from any source during each unique

patient/resident encounter, including those obtained for active surveillance or

clinical decision making.

"Novel

Influenza" – An influenza A virus subtype that is different from the

current circulating human influenza A subtypes such as H1 and H3.

"Notifiable disease or

condition" – A disease or condition that, when diagnosed or suspected

based on epidemiological data or test results, requires health providers and

other mandated reporters (usually by law) to report to state or local public

health officials. Notifiable diseases are of public interest by reason of their

contagiousness, severity, or frequency.

"Observation"

− The practice of close medical or other supervision of contacts to

promote prompt recognition of infection or illness.

"Observation and

Monitoring" − Close medical or other supervision, including, but not

limited to, review of current health status, by health care personnel, of a

person or group of persons on a voluntary or involuntary basis to permit prompt

recognition of infection or illness.

"Outbreak"

– The occurrence in a community, facility, workplace or region of a case or

cases of an illness in excess of the number usually expected. The number of

cases indicating an outbreak or cluster will vary according to the agent,

disease, or condition, the site conditions/hazards, size and type of population

exposed, previous experience or lack of exposure to the disease, and time and

place of occurrence.

"Outbreak Reporting

System" or "ORS" – A secure, web-based electronic outbreak

reporting system used by state and local health departments to document and report

outbreaks of disease and health conditions, and to collect a final report

summarizing outbreak outcomes and investigation.  Outbreak information

requested by the CDC is uploaded from ORS

he disease, and time and

place of occurrence.

"Outbreak Reporting

System" or "ORS" – A secure, web-based electronic outbreak

reporting system used by state and local health departments to document and report

outbreaks of disease and health conditions, and to collect a final report

summarizing outbreak outcomes and investigation.  Outbreak information

requested by the CDC is uploaded from ORS.

"Point Prevalence Screening"

– A data collection activity tool used to identify the number of persons with a

disease or condition at a specific point in time.

"Premises"

− The physical portion of a building or other structure and its

surrounding area designated by the Director of the Department, his or her

authorized representative, or the local health authority.

"Public

Health Order" − A written or verbal command, directive, instruction

or proclamation issued or delivered by the Department or certified local health

department.

"Public

Transportation" – Any form of transportation that sets fares and is

available for public use, such as taxis; multiple-occupancy car, van or shuttle

services; airplanes; buses; trains; subways; ferries; and boats.

"Quarantine" – The

physical separation and confinement of an individual or groups of individuals

who are or may have been exposed to a contagious disease or possibly contagious

disease and who do not show signs or symptoms.  "Quarantine" also

includes the definition of "Quarantine, modified".

"Quarantine, Modified" –

A selective, partial limitation of freedom of movement or actions of a person

or group of persons who are or may have been exposed to a contagious disease or

possibly contagious disease.  Modified quarantine is designed to meet

particular situations and includes, but is not limited to, the exclusion of

children from school, the prohibition or restriction from engaging in a

particular occupation or using public or mass transportation, or requirements

for the use of devices or procedures intended to limit disease transmission

a contagious disease or

possibly contagious disease.  Modified quarantine is designed to meet

particular situations and includes, but is not limited to, the exclusion of

children from school, the prohibition or restriction from engaging in a

particular occupation or using public or mass transportation, or requirements

for the use of devices or procedures intended to limit disease transmission.

Any travel within Illinois outside of the jurisdiction of the local health

authority must be either approved by the Director or be under mutual agreement

of the health authority of the jurisdiction and the public health official who

will assume responsibility.  Travel outside Illinois shall require written

notice from the Illinois jurisdiction to the out-of-state jurisdiction that

will assume responsibility.

"Recombinant

Organism" – A microbe with nucleic acid molecules that have been

synthesized, amplified or modified.

"REDCap" – Research

electronic data capture (REDCap) is a mature, secure web application for

building and managing online surveys and databases.  It is used by state and

local health authorities to collect data from persons associated with an

outbreak and can be administered directly to exposed persons via a weblink for

public health surveillance purposes.

"Registry"

– A secure data collection and information system that is designed to support

organized care and improve health outcomes.

"Residential Facility" –

A facility that provides or coordinates custodial care to persons who, because

of physical, mental or emotional disorders, or incarceration, are not able to

live independently.

"Restrict from Work" –

For food handlers, this means to limit the activity of a food handler so that

there is no risk of transmitting a disease by making sure that the food handler

does not work with food, cleaning equipment, clean utensils, clean dishes, clean

linens or unwrapped single service or single use articles or in the preparation

of food

eration, are not able to

live independently.

"Restrict from Work" –

For food handlers, this means to limit the activity of a food handler so that

there is no risk of transmitting a disease by making sure that the food handler

does not work with food, cleaning equipment, clean utensils, clean dishes, clean

linens or unwrapped single service or single use articles or in the preparation

of food.

"School" – An

institution for educating children from Pre-kindergarten to grade 12 supported

either by the state, local government or a private organization or individual.

"Sensitive

Occupation" − An occupation, excluding health care workers,

involving the direct care of others, especially young children and the elderly,

or any other occupation designated by the Department or the local health

authority, including, but not limited to, child care facility personnel.

"Sentinel

Surveillance" – A means of monitoring the prevalence or incidence of

infectious diseases or syndromes through reporting of cases, suspect cases, carriers'

symptoms or submission of clinical materials by selected sites.

"Specimens" – Include,

but are not limited to, blood, sputum, urine, stool, other bodily fluids,

wastes, tissues, and cultures necessary to perform required tests.

"Standard Precautions" –

Infection prevention and control measures that apply to all patients regardless

of diagnosis or presumed infection status (see Section 690.20(a)(7)).

"Sterilization" – The

use of a physical or chemical process to destroy all microbial life, including

large numbers of highly resistant bacterial endospores.

"Susceptible

(non-immune)" − A person who is not known to possess sufficient protection

against a particular pathogenic agent to prevent developing infection or

disease if or when exposed to the agent

on status (see Section 690.20(a)(7)).

"Sterilization" – The

use of a physical or chemical process to destroy all microbial life, including

large numbers of highly resistant bacterial endospores.

"Susceptible

(non-immune)" − A person who is not known to possess sufficient protection

against a particular pathogenic agent to prevent developing infection or

disease if or when exposed to the agent.

"Syndromic Surveillance"

− Surveillance using health-related data that are collected in near

real-time to detect early changes in illness or injury that may precede final

diagnosis or confirmatory testing and signal a sufficient probability of a

case, event or outbreak to warrant further public health response.

"Tests" – Include, but

are not limited to, any diagnostic or investigative analyses necessary to

prevent the spread of disease or protect the public's health, safety and

welfare.

"Transmission" −

Any mechanism by which an infectious agent is spread from a source or reservoir

to a person, including direct, indirect and airborne transmission.

"Transmission-Based

Precautions" – The second tier of basic infection prevention and control measures

that are to be used in addition to Standard Precautions for patients who may be

infected or colonized with certain infectious agents for which additional

precautions are needed to prevent infection transmission.

"Treatment" – The

provision of health care by one or more health care providers.  Treatment

includes any therapeutic interventions, consultation, referral or other

exchanges of information to manage a patient's care.

"Variant Influenza" –

Influenza virus that usually circulates in swine but can cause an influenza

infection in humans

l

precautions are needed to prevent infection transmission.

"Treatment" – The

provision of health care by one or more health care providers.  Treatment

includes any therapeutic interventions, consultation, referral or other

exchanges of information to manage a patient's care.

"Variant Influenza" –

Influenza virus that usually circulates in swine but can cause an influenza

infection in humans.

"Voluntary Compliance" –

Deliberate consented compliance of a person or group of persons that occurs at

the request of the Department or local health authority prior to instituting a

mandatory order for isolation, quarantine, closure, physical examination,

testing, collection of laboratory specimens, observation, monitoring or medical

treatment pursuant to this Subpart.

"Zoonotic Disease" – Any

disease that is transmitted between animals and people.