Documents

Establishment Clause Limits on Government Support for Religion

Congressional research report · Reports · Aug 22, 2025

Aguillard, 482 U.S. 578, 580–81, 583 n.4 (1987) (ruling unconstitutional a state law requiring the teaching of “creation science” in certain circumstances, and saying that a “historical approach” to analyzing … Aguillard, 482 U.S. 578, 583 n.4 (1987). 89 Id. 90 Hilsenrath, 136 F.4th at 491 (quoting Range v. Att’y Gen., 124 F.4 th 218, 228 (3d Cir. 2024) (en banc)) (alteration in original). 91 Id.

RICO: A Sketch

Congressional research report · Reports · Aug 22, 2025

Ravenell, 66 F.4th 472, 482 (4th Cir. 2023). 56 Smith, 568 U.S. at 111; Williams, 974 F.3d at 368. … McMahon, 482 U.S. 220, 242 (1987); cf. Pacificare Health Sys., Inc. v. Book, 538 U.S. 401, 406–07 (2003); e.g., Miccosukee Tribe of Indians of Florida v.

Reverse Warrants and the Fourth Amendment: The Supreme Court Weighs in on Geofence Searches

Congressional research report · Reports · Sep 15, 2026

Texas, 379 U.S. 476, 482 (1965) (providing historical account). 132 United States v. … Maryland, 427 U.S. 463, 482 n.11 (1976)).

Legislative Categorical Exclusions Under the National Environmental Policy Act

Congressional research report · Reports · Jul 10, 2025

U.S. … See U.S.

Social Security Administration (SSA) Staffing Levels: Data Brief

Congressional research report · Reports · Apr 23, 2026

54 56 58 58 59 60 60 — 43,221 44,694 45,927 46,131 45,129 44,316 42,250 37,395 Risk and Quality — — — — — — — 1,861 Retirement and Disability Policy 533 525 495 489 493 482 … 2014; SSA, “FY 2000 State Agency Operations Report,” and earlier editions; General Accounting Office (GAO), More Diligent Followup Needed To Weed Out Ineligible SSA Disability Beneficiaries, March 1981; U.S

Social Security: Cost-of-Living Adjustments

Congressional research report · Reports · May 27, 2026

urban households receiving 50% or more of their incomes from clerical occupations or hourly wages and with at least one member having worked 37 weeks in the previous 12 months (about 30% of the total U.S … R46819, Social Security: The Effects of Wage and Price Indexing on Benefits. 30 Sections 230(a), 203(f)(8), and 223(d)(4)(A), respectively, of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. §§430(b), 403(f)(8), and 423

Child Welfare and Child Support: The Supporting America’s Children and Families Act (P.L. 118-258)

Congressional research report · Reports · Apr 7, 2025

ICWA regulations have been issued by the U.S. … All 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the U.S.

Preemption and the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act)

Congressional research report · Reports · May 8, 2026

Under the U.S. … Co., 708 F.3d at 431; Cnty. of L.A., 29 F.4th at 551; City of Edina, 60F.4th at 1174. 422 21 U.S.C. § 387p(a)(2)(A) (emphasis added). 423 Cnty. of L.A., 29 F.4th at 554; see also U.S.

Russian Military Activities in Asia: Combined Military Exercises and Patrols

Congressional research report · Reports · Jun 9, 2026

U.S. … U.S.

Fixing Emergency Management for Americans Act of 2025: Context, Overview, Summary of Provisions

Congressional research report · Reports · Jul 10, 2026

Under these provisions, the U.S. … Sec. 423 Sec. 423 would require the FEMA Administrator to submit a report to Congress on specified data for grants awarded by the agency (e.g., grant amounts, recipient information).

Federal Credit Assistance and Grant Programs for Rural Businesses

Congressional research report · Reports · Apr 15, 2026

Selected U.S. … U.S.

The Advisory Committee on Heritable Disorders in Newborns and Children (ACHDNC)

Congressional research report · Reports · Nov 28, 2025

Despite reauthorization efforts in the 116th (H.R. 2507, S. 2158) and 117th (H.R. 482, S. 350) Congresses, ACHDNC’s statutory establishment expired in 2019. … Kelly Morrison, “U.S. Rep.

The Vacancies Act: A Legal Overview

Congressional research report · Reports · Apr 29, 2026

Phillips, 482 F.2d 669, 670–71 (D.C. … Eaton, 169 U.S. 331, 343 (1898))). 348 Eaton, 169 U.S. at 343. 349 E.g., Williams v. Phillips, 482 F.2d 669, 671 (D.C.

Russian Military Activities in Asia: Combined Military Exercises and Patrols

Congressional research report · Reports · Jun 9, 2026

U.S. … U.S.

Class Action Lawsuits and Classwide Injunctive Relief

Congressional research report · Reports · Jun 5, 2026

Dukes, 564 U.S. 338, 348–49 (2011). 9 CASA, 606 U.S. at 850 (citing CASA, 606 U.S. at 900–03 (Sotomayor, J., dissenting)). … Ramirez, 594 U.S. 413, 423 (2021) (“Article III confines the federal judicial power to the resolution of ‘Cases’ and ‘Controversies.’

Saltonstall-Kennedy Act: Background and Issues

Congressional research report · Reports · Nov 14, 2025

programs; directed that at least 50% of funds be used for a competitive grant program, with the balance for the National Program. 1983 Highway Improvement Act of 1982 (P.L. 97-424), Title IV, Section 423 … Notes: USDA = U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Overview of U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Environmental Infrastructure (EI) Assistance

Congressional research report · Reports · Sep 9, 2026

Overview of U.S. … USACE, “U.S.

Full-Year Continuing Resolutions: Frequently Asked Questions

Congressional research report · Reports · Nov 19, 2025

statement of the Committee of Conference (House Report Numbered 981071), filed in the House of Representatives on September 25, 1984, as if such Act had been enacted into law.” 7 For example, P.L. 95-482 … In these instances, and unless specified otherwise, the enacted regular appropriations bill superseded the provisions of the CR for those purposes. 27 The U.S.

Budget Reconciliation Measures Enacted into Law Since 1980

Congressional research report · Reports · Jul 15, 2026

According to the Senate Budget Committee, the act was estimated to reduce the deficit by $482 billion over five years, including $158 billion in revenue increases and $324 billion in spending cuts and … It also provided appropriations to the Department of Defense, Coast Guard, U.S.

The International Emergency Economic Powers Act: Origins, Evolution, and Use

Congressional research report · Reports · Sep 1, 2025

U.S. … and the effective social media platform bans.422 President Biden subsequently issued an executive order rescinding the relevant executive orders and the Commerce Department’s implementing memorandums,423