Documents

The U.S. Coal Industry: Historical Trends and Recent Developments

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Aug 18, 2017

H-1. 24 A permit from the Corps is needed for any project that discharges dredge or fill material in waters of the United States or wetlands, pursuant to provisions in Section 404 of Clean Water Act; … Under the Clean Air Act, there are federal limits on the amount of SO2, among other pollutants, allowed from coal-fired power plants.42 Western coal (which has low sulfur and low energy content), primarily

Alternative Fuels and Vehicles: Legislative Proposals

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Jul 28, 2021

Additional authorities for regulating vehicle emissions standards are provided by the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (P.L. 101-549). … motor vehicle credit for FCVs (finite period or indefinitely) Clean Energy for America Act (S. 1288) Tax Extender and Disaster Relief Act of 2019 (S. 617) Taxpayer Certainty and Disaster Tax Relief Act

Air Quality: EPA's Proposed Ozone Transport Rule, OTAG, and Section 216 Petitions - A Hazy Situation?

Congressional research report · CRS Report · May 14, 1998

The 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments provided the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the states with new tools to address the problem. … However, the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) provided the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the states with new tools to address the problem.

Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) Science Advisory Board (SAB): Statutory Role and Selected Issues

Congressional research report · In Focus · Jul 11, 2025

In addition to the SAB, EPA maintains nearly two dozen advisory committees—including the Clean Air Science Advisory Committee (CASAC); the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act Scientific … The SAB may provide advice and comments to EPA on the adequacy of the scientific and technical basis of the proposed action.

The Department of Labor’s New Rules for Working Children and Youth: February 2005

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Apr 25, 2005

As the second day was about to commence, the Department decided to extend the comment period in order to receive and to consider additional evidence.30 Eventually, the rule was withdrawn.31 In July 1987 … In late November 1999, DOL proposed yet another rulemaking and request for comments — and, in the process, summarized comments already received.

Respirable Crystalline Silica in the Workplace: New Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Standards

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Jan 16, 2018

The CDC states that the reduction in silicosis deaths in this period is likely due to two factors.36 First, the higher numbers of deaths in the early period of the data may be capturing workers who were … In public comments in response to the NPRM, the ACC, the U.S.

Environmental Policy: CRS Experts

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Nov 21, 2013

The following table provides names and contact information for CRS experts on various environmental policy issues, including the Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act, Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation … Quality, Air P ollution C ontrol , and Clean Air Act General Clean Air Act (CAA), utility emissions and air toxics Jim McCarthy, Specialist in Environmental Policy [phone number scrubbed

Alternative Fuel and Advanced Vehicle Technology Incentives: A Summary of Federal Programs

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Sep 13, 2021

A joint rulemaking process between DOT and EPA links future CAFE standards with GHG standards promulgated under EPA’s Clean Air Act authority. … Act of 1989 ( P.L. 101-218) Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (P.L. 101-549) Solar, Wind, Waste, and Geothermal Power Production Incentives Act of 1990 ( P.L. 101575) Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPACT;

Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS) in the United States

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Oct 5, 2022

Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA; P.L. 117-58) defined a regional direct air capture hub as “a network of direct air capture projects, potential carbon dioxide utilization off-takers, connective carbon dioxide … IIJA additionally provided $3,500,000,000 ($700 million each year, FY2022-FY2026) to develop four regional clean direct air capture hubs and $115 million (unspecified year) for direct air capture technology

The Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS): Cellulosic Biofuels

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Aug 31, 2015

Air Act tasked EPA with establishing a projection that aims at accuracy, not at deliberately indulging a greater risk of overshooting than undershooting.64 The 2012 rule was vacated and remanded to EPA … Under the Clean Air Act, each year’s standards are required to be finalized by November 30 of the previous year, although the statute does not stipulate any penalty or other action if this deadline is

International Climate Change Financing: Needs, Sources, and Delivery Methods

Congressional research report · CRS Report · May 5, 2011

The parallel bill in the Senate, S. 1733, the Clean Energy Jobs and American Power Act (CEJAPA) or Kerry-Boxer bill, contained similar provisions. … Initiative; Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Partnership; Partnership for Clean Indoor Air; ENERGY STAR program; eeBuildings; Collaborative Labeling and Appliance Standards Program; Integrated Environmental

Defense Primer: Procurement

Congressional research report · In Focus · Feb 11, 2026

(NDAA) and Department of Defense Appropriations Act. … Force $19.9 Missile Procurement, Air Force $4.3 Procurement of Ammunition, Air Force $0.6 Other Procurement, Air Force $31.0 Procurement, Space Force $3.9 Procurement, Defense-Wide $5.7 Defense

The D.C. Circuit Rejects EPA’s Mercury Rules: New Jersey v. EPA

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Apr 9, 2008

EPA, unanimously vacating two EPA rules under the Clean Air Act (CAA) regarding emissions of mercury from electric utility steam generating units (EGUs). … EPA case has its roots in the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments, whereby Congress narrowed EPA’s discretion in implementing section 112.

Air Quality: EPA’s Proposed Ozone Transport Rule, OTAG, and Section 126 Petitions — A Hazy Situation?

Congressional research report · CRS Report · May 14, 1998

The 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments provided the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the states with new tools to address the problem. … However, the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) provided the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the states with new tools to address the problem.

Wildfire Smoke and Air Quality

Congressional research report · CRS Insight · Jul 7, 2023

The Clean Air Act (CAA) requires the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to establish minimum national standards for ambient air quality. … EPA has set and periodically revised national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) for six “criteria” air pollutants, including the principal constituent of wildfire smoke: fine particles.

Global Climate Change Treaty: The Kyoto Protocol

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Jul 31, 1998

Formal discussion and negotiation will resume at the COP-4 meeting in November in Buenos Aires, Argentina. … The next Conference of the Parties that would offer an opportunity to make such provisions will be in November 1998 in Buenos Aires.

Wildland Fire Smoke, Air Quality, and Health

Congressional research report · Insight · Aug 13, 2026

Air Quality Requirements and Wildland Fires The Clean Air Act (CAA) is the principal statute addressing air quality concerns. … EPA has set and periodically revised national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) for six “criteria” air pollutants, including some that are in wildland fire smoke.

Surface Transportation Program Reauthorization Issues for the 111th Congress

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Dec 4, 2008

Any of those impacts may in turn require compliance with local, state, tribal, or federal environmental laws, such as the Clean Water Act, Clean Air Act, Endangered Species Act, or National Historic Preservation … the Clean Air Act, areas that have not attained one or more of the six National Ambient Air Quality Standards must develop State Implementation Plans (SIPs) demonstrating how they will reach attainment

EPA’s Proposed Clean Power Plan: Conversion to Mass-Based Emission Targets

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Mar 17, 2015

Air Act (CAA).2 However, many have questioned various aspects of EPA’s proposed rule, including the agency’s statutory authority to issue the rule pursuant to Section 111(d).3 In addition, the proposed … However, Virginia’s mass-based target requires a 24% reduction during the same time period.

The Role of Public Works Infrastructure in Economic Stimulus

Congressional research report · CRS Report · Jan 6, 2009

Air Act, Civil Rights Act of 1964, and the Davis-Bacon Act. … Water Act program.