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  • Selected Church-State Issues in Elementary and Secondary Education

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Oct 1, 2010

    Id. at 108. 8 Id. at 109. 9 482 U.S. 578, 580 (1987). 10 See Lemon v. Kurtzman, 403 U.S. 602, 612-13 (1971). 11 Edwards, 482 U.S. at 586-87. 12 Id. at 593. 13 Kitzmiller v. … The U.S.

    R41445Congressional Research Service
  • State Medicaid and SCRIP Coverage of Noncitizens

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Feb 12, 2009

    The U.S. … The U.S.

    R40144Congressional Research Service
  • The Federal Grand Jury

    Congressional research report · Reports · Jul 3, 2025

    United States, 423 U.S. 1303, 1304 (1975)), aff’d, 966 F.3d 828 (D.C. Cir. 2020). 182 Doe v. … Supp. 2d 473, 482–83 (S.D.

    95-1135Congressional Research Service
  • Hearings in the House of Representatives: A Guide for Preparation and Procedure

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Jun 13, 2006

    Security during hearings is provided by the U.S. Capitol Police. … Davidson, and Morton Keller, eds., The Encyclopedia of the United States Congress, 4 vols., pp. 423-426. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1995, vol. 1, pp.423-426. U.S. General Accountability Office.

    RL30539Congressional Research Service
  • The Receipt of Gifts by Federal Employees in the Executive Branch

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Dec 5, 2014

    U.S. CONST. art. II, §4. … Section 423(b), in what have been called the “procurement integrity” provisions.

    R43660Congressional Research Service
  • Capital Punishment: Summary of Supreme Court Decisions on the Death Penalty

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Feb 1, 1996

    Georgia, 428 U.S. 153 (1976); Proffitt v. Florida, 428 U.S. 153 (1976); and Jurek v. Texas,428 U.S. 262 (1976)). … Maryland, 482 U.S. 496 (1987) (victim impact statement violates the Eighth Amendment since it creates a constitutionally unacceptable risk that the jury would impose the death penalty in an arbitrary and

    96-116Congressional Research Service
  • The Political Question Doctrine: Justiciability and the Separation of Powers

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Dec 23, 2014

    . §5. 145 Nixon, 506 U.S. at 236-37. See U.S. … Alvarez-Machain, 542 U.S. 692, 733 n.21 (2004)). 192 Id. at 51-52. 193 Id. (citing Am. Ins. Ass’n v. Garamendi, 539 U.S. 396, 423 n.12 (2003). 194 Id. at 48. 195 Schroder v.

    R43834Congressional Research Service
  • Judge Amy Coney Barrett: Her Jurisprudence and Potential Impact on the Supreme Court

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Oct 6, 2020

    U.S. CONST. art. … Ct. 1525, 1526 (2020) (per curiam). 482 Id. at 1527 (Kavanaugh, J., concurring). 483 Id. at 1541, 1544 (Alito, J., dissenting).

    R46562Congressional Research Service
  • Qualifications of Members of Congress

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Jan 15, 2015

    I, §8, cl. 4. 67 In re Ellenbogen (1934), DESCHLER’S PRECEDENTS, supra at Ch. 9, §47, pp. 479 - 482. 68 See 1794 qualifications case against Albert Gallatin, SENATE ELECTION, EXPULSION AND CENSURE CASES … include “... a person’s true, fixed, principal, and permanent home, to which that person intends to return and remain even though currently residing elsewhere.” 85 1 HINDS’ PRECEDENTS, supra at §435, pp. 423

    R41946Congressional Research Service
  • Presidential Permit Review for Cross-Border Pipelines and Electric Transmission

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Apr 19, 2017

    CP13-482-000. See “FERC Issues Final Environmental Impact Statement on Sierrita Pipeline Project (Docket Nos. … See U.S.

    R44140Congressional Research Service
  • Patient Protection and Mandatory External Review: Amending ERISA's Claims Procedure

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Jan 19, 2001

    Texas Department of Insurance, the U.S. … CRS Series on Managed Health Care CRS Report 97-482, The Use of Financial Incentives. CRS Report 97-913, A Primer. CRS Report 97-938, Federal and State Regulation.

    RS20258Congressional Research Service
  • Regulation of Dietary Supplements: Background and Issues for Congress

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Sep 20, 2021

    Dietary supplement use is common in the U.S. population. … Food and Drug Administration  FTC—Federal Trade Commission  GAO—U.S. Government Accountability Office  HHS—U.S.

    R43062Congressional Research Service
  • Funding Conditions: Constitutional Limits on Congress’s Spending Power

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Jul 1, 2021

    Wilkinson, 423 F.3d 579, 587 (6 th Cir. 2005) (finding “nothing in Justice Thomas’s concurrence that alters our evaluation” of RLUIPA under Dole’s relatedness prong, and holding that “RLUIPA satisfies … Davis, 301 U.S. 548, 590 (1937))). 152 Dole, 482 U.S. at 211. 153 Id. 154 Samuel R. Bagenstos, The Anti-leveraging Principle and the Spending Clause After NFIB, 101 GEO.

    R46827Congressional Research Service
  • Agency Nonacquiescence: An Overview of Constitutional and Practical Considerations

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Dec 26, 2023

    Pitts, 411 U.S. 138, 143 (1973); Fed. Power Comm’n v. Transcon. Gas Pipe Line Corp., 423 U.S. 326, 331 (1976). 3 See United States v. … Pitts, 411 U.S. 138, 143 (1973); Fed. Power Comm’n v. Transcon. Gas Pipe Line Corp., 423 U.S. 326, 331 (1976); Mila Sohoni, The Power to Vacate a Rule, 88 GEO. WASH. L.

    R47882Congressional Research Service
  • The Posse Comitatus Act and Related Matters: The Use of the Military to Execute Civilian Law

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Nov 6, 2018

    Rumsfeld, 352 F.3d 695 (2d Cir. 2003), rev'd, 542 U.S. 426 (2004). 383 Padilla v. Hanft, 389 F. Supp. 2d 678 (D.S.C. 2005), rev’d, 423 F.3d 386 (4th Cir.), cert. denied, 547 U.S. 1062 (2006). … Chaparro-Almeida, 679 F.2d 423, 425 (5th Cir. 1982) (dicta in case involving the Coast Guard); United States v.

    R42659Congressional Research Service
  • Federal Oversight and State Cooperation in the Chesapeake Bay

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · May 29, 2013

    The U.S. … Appalachian Electric Power Co., 311 U.S. 377, 426 (1940). 9 Id. 10 Id. 11 Id. at 423. 12 Martin v. Lessee of Waddell, 41 U.S. 367 (1842); Pollard v. Hagan, 44 U.S. 212 (1845). See also PPL Montana v.

    R43090Congressional Research Service
  • Protecting Consumers and Businesses from Fraudulent Robocalls

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Dec 21, 2018

    See U.S. Chamber of Commerce, “Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA),” web page, https://www.uschamber.com/issue-brief/telephone-consumer-protection-act-tcpa. 39 U.S. … Spoofing Prevention Act of 201746 (S. 134, H.R. 423) S. 134 was introduced by Senator Bill Nelson on January 12, 2017; it was passed on August 3, 2017.

    R45070Congressional Research Service
  • Biofuels Incentives: A Summary of Federal Programs

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Jan 11, 2012

    • Qualified applicant: Any U.S. cellulosic biofuel production facility that meets applicable requirements. U.S. … Customs and Border Protection (CBP)— Import Duty for Fuel Ethanol • Administered by: U.S.

    R40110Congressional Research Service
  • Regular Appropriations Acts: Selected Statutory Interpretation Issues

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Sep 3, 2021

    United States, 40 U.S. 423, 445–46 (1841). 103 See, e.g., United States v. McClure, 305 U.S. 472, 478 (1939); see also Abbott v. … United States, 40 U.S. 423, 445 (1841); see also Jarvis, 26 F. Cas. at 588 (stating that courts are “not accustomed to look” to appropriations acts “for permanent regulations”). 262 Whatley v.

    R46899Congressional Research Service
  • Immigration Judge Hiring and Projected Impact on the Immigration Courts Backlog

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Jul 28, 2023

    For more information, see CRS Report R47077, U.S. … Average case completions per IJ were 482 in FY2017, 494 in FY2018, 627 in FY2019, 449 in FY2020, 207 in FY2021, and 496 in FY2022.

    R47637Congressional Research Service

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