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  • Substitution of Nominees on the Ballot for Congressional Office, “Sore Loser” Laws, and Other “Ballot Access” Issues

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Sep 29, 2006

    Ex parte Seibold, 100 U.S. 371, 387; Ex parte Yarbrough, 110 U.S. 651, 661; Ex parte Clark, 100 U.S. 399; United States v. Mosely, 238 U.S. 383, 386; Newberry v. … Supp. 381, 387-388 (M.D.Pa. 1974). 24 “[B]allot access must be genuinely open to all, subject to reasonable requirements.” Lubin v. Panish, 415 U.S. 709, 719 (1974); Anderson v.

    RL33678Congressional Research Service
  • Childhood Overweight and Obesity: Data Brief

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Nov 13, 2014

    The increase in overweight and obese children since 1971 is evident among all age, race, and ethnic groups; however, African American and Hispanic children have been disproportionately affected.24 This … Survey of Children’s Health) Obese Overweight 2003 2007 2011/12 2003 2007 2011/12 0-99% FPL 17.8% 17.6% 18.1% 22.1% 27.2% 26.6% 100-199% FPL 18.1% 17.0% 18.2% 18.7% 20.9% 19.1% 200-399%

    R41420Congressional Research Service
  • Congressional Redistricting and the Voting Rights Act: A Legal Overview

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Apr 13, 2015

    Perry, 548 U.S. 399 (2006) (plurality opinion); CRS Report RS22479, Congressional Redistricting: A Legal Analysis of the Supreme Court Ruling in League of United Latin American Citizens (LULAC) v. … See slip op. at 5-12. 24 See slip op. at 15-19. 25 133 S.

    R42482Congressional Research Service
  • Mandating Dealership Agreements for Automakers Receiving Federal Funds: Constitutional Analysis

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Jul 27, 2009

    Moyses, 186 U.S. 181. 9 455 U.S. 457 (1982). 10 The Milwaukee Railroad Restructuring Act, P.L. 96-101, 93 Stat. 744. 11 Gibbons, 455 U.S. at 460-61. 12 P.L. 96-254, 94 Stat. 399. 13 Gibbons , 455 U.S. … over the claims of other unsecured creditors.22 Based on these factors, the Court’s conclusion was that RITA was “nothing more than a private bill”23 and enacting it was not within the power of Congress.24

    R40736Congressional Research Service
  • Appropriations for FY1999: An Overview

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Apr 28, 1999

    The conference committee submitted their report (H.Rept. 105-647) for H.R. 4059 on July 24. … S. 2307 was passed by the Senate on July 24, 1998.

    98-200CCongressional Research Service
  • The Rural Education Achievement Program: Title VI-B of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Jan 14, 2013

    • An LEA with 449 students has an initial amount of $59,900 (i.e., $20,000 plus $39,900, which is $100 times the 399 students over 50). … If 24 Ratably increasing grants means increasing grants in proportion to the relationship between each LEA’s initial grant and the total excess funds to be distributed.

    R40853Congressional Research Service
  • Government Performance and Results Act: Overview of Associated Provisions in the 106th Congress

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Dec 20, 2002

    Rept. 106-309 (Washington: GPO, 2000), p. 6. 22 Ibid., p. 6. 23 Ibid., p. 8. 24 U.S. Congress. … Health Care Improvement Act to Revise and Extend Such Act (S.Rept. 106-389) Energy and Water Development Appropriation Bill, 2001 (S.Rept. 106-395) Older Americans Act Amendments of 1999 (S.Rept. 106-399

    RL31678Congressional Research Service
  • Statutory Interpretation: Theories, Tools, and Trends

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Mar 10, 2023

    REV. 70, 75 (2006). 24 See, e.g., id. at 91–92. Cf. ANTONIN SCALIA & BRYAN A. … (citing SCALIA & GARNER, supra note 24, at 147). 315 Id. at 363–64.

    R45153Congressional Research Service
  • International Forestry Issues in Climate Change Bills: Comparison of Provisions of S. 1733 and H.R. 2454

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Dec 22, 2009

    For 24 See, for example, Lydia P. … Campbell, “Beyond Copenhagen: REDD+, Agriculture, Adaptation Strategies and Poverty,” Global Environmental Change, vol. 19 (2009), pp. 397-399.

    R40990Congressional Research Service
  • Enforcement of Federal Pollution Control Laws

    Congressional research report · Reports · Apr 27, 2026

    Puget Soundkeeper All., No. 24-350, 145 S. Ct. 2849 (June 30, 2025) (mem.). … REV. 383, 399–402 (2001). See also Miller & Dorner, supra note 221; Robin Kundis Craig, Will Separation of Powers Challenges “Take Care” of Environmental Citizen Suits?

    R48926Congressional Research Service
  • Budget Deficits: An Explanation of How Policy Affects Budget Balance

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Mar 16, 2009

    tax incentives for small businesses, and expanded tax credits for individuals and families.20 CBO estimates that this economic stimulus legislation will increase the deficit by $185 billion in FY2009, $399 … had not occurred. 23 For more information on the Federal Reserve’s financial intervention activities, see CRS Report RL34427, Financial Turmoil: Federal Reserve Policy Responses, by (name redacted). 24

    R40435Congressional Research Service
  • Department of Transportation (DOT): FY2017 Appropriations

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Apr 4, 2017

    On May 24, 2016, the House Committee on Appropriations reported out H.R. 5394. … 6,267 1,720 1,754 Formula grants (M) 9,348 9,734 9,734 9,734 Capital investment grants (New Starts) 2,177 3,500 2,500 2,338 150 150 150 150 11,783 19,769 12,500 12,332 5 — — 10 399

    R44499Congressional Research Service
  • Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies (THUD) Appropriations for FY2024

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Jun 26, 2024

    On July 24, the House Appropriations Committee reported its FY2024 THUD appropriations bill, following subcommittee markup on July 12. … 81 81 75 75 Pipeline Safety 190 228 198 226 218 Office of Inspector General 108 121 121 116 116 Salaries and expenses 108 121 121 116 116 28,972 27,958 21,693 28,082 27,162 -399

    R47687Congressional Research Service
  • Financial Services and General Government (FSGG) FY2023 Appropriations: Independent Agencies and General Provisions

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Sep 29, 2023

    ........................... 24 USPS Policy Provisions .................................................................................................... 24 United States Tax Court ................... … Shanton. 24 P.L. 107-252; 52 U.S.C. §§20901-21145.

    R47745Congressional Research Service
  • Appropriations for FY1998: U.S. Department of Agriculture and Related Agencies

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Dec 9, 1997

    Agricultural Research Service (ARS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (CSREES) . 24 Economic Research Service (ERS … (Vote of (Voice P.L. 10599-0) 105-252 399-18) Vote) 86 * The Senate considered H.R. 2160, as passed by the House on September 2 and 3.

    97-201Congressional Research Service
  • Drug Pricing and Intellectual Property Law: A Legal Overview for the 116th Congress

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Apr 4, 2019

    Novo Nordisk A/S, 566 U.S. 399, 407 (2012). 301 21 U.S.C. § 355(j)(2)(B)(i)-(iv). 302 Id. § 355(j)(5)(B)(iii). 303 Id. § 335(j)(5)(C); see generally Caraco Pharm., 527 F.3d at 1285. … Cement Inst., 333 U.S. 683, 692 (1948). 399 NCAA, 468 U.S. at 103 (quoting Nat’l Soc’y of Prof’l Eng’rs v.

    R45666Congressional Research Service
  • Federal Mandatory Minimum Sentences: The Safety Valve and Substantial Assistance Exceptions

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Jul 5, 2022

    A defendant must have all three before § 3553(f)(1) bars him or her from safety-valve relief”) (emphasis of the court). 24 U.S.C.G. §§ 4A1.1(c); 4A1.2; United States v. … Martinez, 9 F.4th 24, 36 (1st Cir. 2021); United States v. Lopez, 998 F.3d 431, 433 n.1 (9th Cir. 2021); United States v. Cruz-Romero, 848 F.3d 399, 402 (5th Cir. 2017); United States v.

    R41326Congressional Research Service
  • General Management Laws and the 9/11 Commission's Proposed Office of National Intelligence Director (NID) and National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC)

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Oct 5, 2004

    National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States, The 9/11 Commission Report (Washington: GPO, July 22, 2004), p. 399. … A similar bill (H.R. 5150) was introduced on September 24, 2004, by Representatives Christopher Shays and Carolyn Maloney.

    RL32592Congressional Research Service
  • Judicial Nomination Statistics: U.S. District and Circuit Courts, 1977-2003

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Feb 23, 2004

    1983 e 1984 1985f 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 g 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 h 1997 1998 i 1999 2000 j 2001 k 2002 2003 l a District Courtsb Authorized Percent Vacancies Judgeships Vacant 398 25 6.3% 399 … CRS-24 b.

    RL31635Congressional Research Service
  • The “Fiscal Cliff”: Macroeconomic Consequences of Tax Increases and Spending Cuts

    Congressional research report · CRS Report · Jan 9, 2013

    CBO Estimates of the Original Fiscal Cliff—Reductions in the Budget Deficit in FY2013 Compared with FY2012 ($ billions) Provision Tax Increases Decreases in the Deficit $399 Individual Income Tax Cuts … Regular Economics,” Wall Street Journal, August 24, 2011, and John B.

    R42700Congressional Research Service

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