Published by Mandaree West Segment (2023)
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West Segment News
PRSRT STD
Published by Mandaree West Segment
MANDAREE ND
58757
Editor: Lovina Fox
Volume 3 Issue 9
US POSTAGE PAID
PERMIT NO. 3
October 2023
Oldest Elder in West Segment Makes Her Journey
“Dae Dek Mah” in our Mandan language is her first name Geese Woman, who
is a very well respected, knowledgeable and a prominent elder in our
community. Geese Woman recently made her journey to the Spirit World. Her
given English name is Arline Cecelia (Bell) Charging who celebrated 97 trips
around the sun last month on the day of her birthday, September 26th she
was born in 1926.
Arline was fluent in our Mandan and Hidatsa languages; her presence will be
greatly missed by her family and those who frequently visited with her.
Those who did were very fortunate to listen to her stories of long ago, in
which she freely shared. She had a great sense of humor, she loved to laugh.
Arline has mentored many throughout her entire life, and has done an
excellent job of being an example to her family and relatives. She has
demonstrated how much love she has for her family and relatives through
her patience and support.
“Dae Dek Mah” Geese Woman also known
as Arline Ceceila (Bell) Charging.
Photo at bottom courtesy of family
Inside This Issue:
Page 2: Councilwoman’s Update
Pages 3-5: West Segment groundwork in our
community
Pages 9,10,11,13,15: Sacagawea
Pages12 & 24: District 4A Rep.
Pages: 18-19: College News
Page 21: Warriors Boys/Girls Basketball
Schedule
Pages:26-31: Obituaries
She shared valuable advice to those who treasured and shared her love. It is
indeed a great loss, Arline was a gold mine I say that because she was full of
knowledge of our history and our stories. She was very knowledgeable of the
Mandan and Hidatsa ways of life.
She was one precious elder who has seen a lot in her life time and in the past
of the way of life and how it used to be.
A past that we can only imagine
through their eyes. Arline was truly an
extraordinary woman who has touched
many people in our ordinary lives. She
is a mother and grandmother, who has
a five generation family. Arline has
lived in this world through 9.5 decades.
She is definitely one in a million, a
guiding light and a great inspiration to
her family. In the photo to your right is
Dale her grandson, Arline and her
daughter Gloria. Nii ma ghee dta sheez!
West S egment New s O ctober 2023
Page 2.
Councilwoman Turner-Lone Fight Update
Greetings from our West Segment community
to those who live far and near. I greet each of
you. At this time, I would like to extend our
deepest sympathy and prayers to the family
and relatives of Josephine Standish White
Owl, and to the families and relatives of
Avalon Hale and Arline Charging. Our
deepest sympathy goes out to each of these
families from our community. I would also like
to send our sincere condolences to other
segments who have lost their beloved ones.
We send our prayers. I would also like to
remember those who are in the hospitals, nursing homes and those
who are sickly. We send our prayers of comfort to each and every one
of you. Its hard to have loved ones in hospitals, and nursing homes.
With the update on the site conditions that I have just stated. On
page three of the West Segment news you can see the development
being made on our Veterans Memorial Wall which is now being
constructed. The location of the wall will be located right before you
get to the Mandaree Celebration grounds on the right side. On page
four you can see photos of the ground work and construction which is
being done where the wellness center will be. On page five, we have
made improvements to the path walk way. You can see where it starts
and ends in the photos. This is something all our community
members can make use of when they want to walk they will be able to
walk off the road.
As I mentioned before we are making improvements and
developments in our community it’s a very slow process but its
happening. I do thank our community members for being so patient
this is a long over due process. These photos of the ground work and
construction show that work is being done here in our community. At
We are now into the fall season, as we enter into a new month October. least before our weather changes.
The Beautification Program will doing weatherization. Be sure to submit I have been working really hard for our community. There’s been
your request as soon as you possible to ensure timely completion. many obstacles that I had to overcome. I am trying my best for our
They will started on October 4 and 5th. To schedule please reach out to people in our community.
Lauren at (701) 897-1569.
Just a reminder the Elbowoods Memorial Health Center will be
available for COVID, FLU VACCINES AND STD TESTING. On
The Cultural department will include drum practice and language along Wednesday, October 18th from 4:00pm to 6:00pm at the New High
School here in Mandaree. (see poster on page 6.)
with other activities which would include hand games.
Our West Segment Recreation department will be taking kids and
students to the Barry Acres Pumpkin patch on Friday, October 20th.
The deadline to sign up was on October 10th. The buses will leave at
8:30am from the Water Chief Hall. For more information you can call
LeeAnna Nation at 421-1968. See page 8 for more information.
We have a lot of events scheduled for this month so I hope to see you
all there that we have for our West Segment community members.
Also keep an eye out for more events in the upcoming months.
A reminder for our community members if you need applications for
the following. Please call Loretta Lone Bear at 759-3377. Here is a
Also in our area we have a list of Events in West Segment: are on list of applications available at the Water Chief Hall:
pages 19. and 16 and on page 25. on page 32. you can see all the • LIEAP application,
information.
• Tribal job applications
Here is an update on the site conditions taking place in our community.
Construction will be happening on site the end of this month and into
November.
Deep foundation; steel pipe will be driven into the ground to support the
Grade beams and ramp structural.
Slab for the Pool area.
•
Hidatsa Housing applications
•
TAT Solid Waste/dumpsters
•
Portable Water Applications
•
Service Line Agreement
•
Small Loans
Concrete footing and foundation work will start at the south half of the • McKenzie Electric membership applications.
community center. Mass excavation will continue with construction of
the south entrance road. Site utilities work will begin with sanitary All applications are kept at the Water Chief Hall for your convenience
sewer work first followed by water line works and ramp; storm sewer So you don’t have to drive into town. Again you can see Loretta Lone
work.
Bear for these applications or call her at 759-3377
You can see some of the photos as shown on pages 3-4 showing you
how the construction and ground work is coming along. It’s all in the This is all I have for now, I would like to thank you for being a good
works. These guys are working constantly on these projects with their reader.
determination to get as much work done as they possible can before Go Wits
the weather gets too cold.
Councilwoman Gladys Sherry Turner-Lone Fight
Page 3.
West S egment New s Octob er 2023
Veterans Memorial Wall is being Constructed
This is where the Veterans Memorial Wall will be built.
As you can see the stairway.
In this photo you can see the workers and the jump
house in the back. This Veterans Wall is right above it.
Here is another angle of them working on the wall.
Here is a side view of the Veterans Memorial Wall. Workers
are diligently working hard while the weather is good.
Workers were busy breaking ground and have a layout of the
Veterans Memorial Wall.
Front side of these guys working on the Veterans Wall.
Page 4.
West S egment New s O ctober 2023
West Segment Construction Moving Along in our Community
Here is another angle they have cement blocks piled up for building.
Concrete footing and foundation work will start at the south half of the
community center.
These culverts have yet to be put in place which are probably already
in place since this picture was taken.
The ground work begins from here and extends out to the road on
route 12. Our community is slowly making changes.
Construction is being done on a daily basis getting as much done as
they possibly can.
Steel pipe needs to be driven into the ground the workers on the
side are walking along the lines of where the steel pipes goes.
Page 5.
West S egment New s Octob er 2023
West Segment Walk Path Extended
This shows where the new walk path starts right in our
West Segment community.
It’s a wonderful site when one can go on the walk path
from our community to up the hill. In the bottom photo
you can see the workers completing the walk path.
This photo shows where the walk way path ends which is
up the hill from our community.
Here is another angle of the walk path way around the bend
where Mandaree is in site. As you can see workers are still
laying out and paving the walk path up the hill.
Page 6.
West S egment New s O ctober 2023
For Your Information
Hale Placed in WDA Golf Tournament
Submitted by Hale family
Isabella Hale is pictured here
with her trophy. She’s in
Class A Varsity Golf in
Mandan and she recently
placed 4th in the WDA Golf
Tournament on Monday,
September 24, 2023. The
tournament was at the Tom
O’Leary Golf Course in
Bismarck, ND. Isabella also
placed 4th in the WDA AllConference as an 8th grader
in Mandan, ND.
Her parents are Lindsey Hale
and Charles (Chuck Bob) Hale and her grandparents on her
mother’s side are Diane Johnson and Mike Swallow. On her
father’s side they are Lois Hale and the late Leonard Hale.
Post Secondary Opportunities For Students
Pictured to your
left
is
Corey,
Faye, Kelsey and
Erik were at the
Mandaree
High
School to talk to
the Juniors and
Seniors
about
their
post-
secondary
opportunities, and
r es our c es
to
assist them on their educational journeys. They were joined by Iman,
Levi, and Jimmy from the NHSC NACTEP Programs. They would like to
thank Dr. Serna for coordinating this visit. Their next stop would be
Killdeer then to Twin Buttes students who attend high school.
Page. 7.
West S egment New s Octob er 2023
Around West Segment
Photos courtesy of Tia Mandan West Segment Fitness & Rec
Sgt. Hall Receives Prestigious Award
Submitted by Vivian Hall
Sgt. Kurtlyn Hall
from Mandaree
was
recently
selected as NCO
(
Non
Commissioned
Officer) of the
Year for her
platoon.
Our Little Warriors put in some awesome work. Good job
coaches and hard working athletes.
She enlisted five
years ago in
September
of
2018 and graduated from boot camp in Fort Jackson, South
Carolina. Kurtlyn is the granddaughter of the late Billy and Ester
Hall and the late Matthew and Tillie Lone Fight. Her parents are
Curtis Hall Sr., and Vivian Hall.
According to her family, Kurtlyn is following in the footsteps of
her uncles; Ethan Hall, who served in the Army and her uncle
Matthew Lone Fight Jr., who served in the Marines. Both of these
men are decorated combat veterans. This is what inspired her to
enlist. She wanted to carry on the Military tradition set forth by
Lady Warriors Junior Varsity Cross Country Team Wins First her grandfather’s Ted Lone Fight and Matthew “Nathan” Lone
Fight Sr. Kurtlyn worked her way to HR Specialist which allowed
at “Watford City Fox Hills” Meet. Congratulations Team!
her to be stationed in El Paso, Texas at Fort Bliss. During COVID
she was deployed to Poland for a brief period being deployed
back to Fort Bliss.
(L-R) Jaylee Irwin, Sansa Baker, Ashtyn Gwin, Raquel
Middleton, Eva Good Iron ; These girls are the
kindergarten thru 2nd grade runners for the
Mandaree Elementary Cross Country Team.
Currently, she is stationed in Guam. There are no Army bases
there so she lives off base and works either at the Navy or Air
Force Base. Kurtlyn recently reenlisted last year. She is unsure of
whether or not she will make the
Army a career but to date she is off
to a great start as a NonCommissioned Officer and Sgt.
On behalf of West Segment we
thank Kurtlyn for her dedicated
(L-R) Kairece Bird In Ground, Jersey Thompson, Jacee service. We wish her the best in
Martinelli, Cora Mann, Natie Mann, Aiyonna Johnson, Passion whatever she decides to do. We are
Lincoln, Mataylei Martinelli. Coached by James Moran
very proud of you Kurtlyn.
Photo by: LeeAnna Nation
Page 8.
West S egment New s October 2023
Around West Segment
Mark Your Calendars!
Berry Acres Pumpkin Patch Trip!
•
A reminder to all
parents
and
guardians.
West
Segment
Recreations
Department will be •
taking kids to the
Berry
Acres
Pumpkin Patch on
Friday, October 20, •
2023.
All students must
sign in by October
10, 2023 because
space is limited for
transportation. Students may ride with their parents, and
West Segment Recreation will cover their admission fee.
Mandaree
2023-24
Celebration
Committee will have their Carnival and
Masquerade on Friday, October 20th
starting at 5:00pm (see poster page 16)
West Segment Halloween Bash will start
at Noon on Saturday, October 28th at
Noon. (See poster on page 25.)
Haunted House will be at the CARE
CENTER and open from 5:00pm to
9:00pm on Monday, October 23rd to
Tuesday, October 31st. Haunted House
will be CLOSED on Saturday, October 28th
for the West Segment carnival.
•
Trunk or Treat will be on Tuesday,
October 31st will start at Noon at the
New School parking lot. Everyone is
encouraged to participate.
Each student can pick a small pumpkin to take home. •
Activities at the pumpkin patch are from 10:00am to
1:00pm.
Veterans Celebration will be on
Wednesday, November 1st. (Poster on
page 32.)
K-3rd grade students need a chaperone on the bus and
throughout the trip.
4th-12th grade students will need a permission slip signed
by their parent/guardian to attend the trip.
Lunch will be provided by West Segment.
Busses will leave Water Chief Hall at 8:30 a.m. and will
return by 4:00 p.m. at Water Chief Hall. Transportation to
and from the Water Chief Hall must be provided by parent/
guardian.
•
Please sign your child up by calling the Recreations
Department at 759-3377 or by calling LeeAnna Nation at •
421-1868 or Roni Stiffarm at 421-2255.
•
Community Gathering & Talent Show will
be on Monday, November 20th door open
at 5:00pm. Thanksgiving baskets will be
given out at 9:00am to 5:00pm. (page 20)
The Christmas Community
already
scheduled
for
December 9th at 1:00pm.
Party is
Saturday,
If you have any questions regarding any
information you may call the Water Chief
Hall at 759-3377.
Page 9.
West S egment New s Octob er 2023
Our Story of Eagle Woman: Sacagawea: They Got It Wrong
Originally published as “Getting Sacagawea Right” The New York Review of Books, By Thomas Powers via Alaina Taylor New York Review of Books on May 18, 2023
by the Sacagawea Project Board of the Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara Nation
When spring came in 1805, Meriwether Lewis and William Clark left
their winter camp near Mandan and Hidatsa villages on the Upper
Missouri River and resumed their search for a route to the Pacific
Ocean. The day was Sunday, April 7. Included in the party, Clark
noted in his journal, was a French-Canadian trapper and trader
along the Upper Missouri named Toussaint Charbonneau “and his
Indian Squar to act as an Interpreter & interpretress for the snake
Indians.” By “Squar” Clark meant an Indian “wife” acquired by
purchase in the local manner. By “snake Indians” he meant the
Shoshones, a tribe in the Rocky Mountains important to the
explorers in two ways: as a source of horses when the expedition
left the river and as one of the tribes Lewis and Clark hoped to
recruit for an ambitious diplomatic effort to end intertribal warfare
and bring peace to the Northern Plains. That sounds like
overreaching and it was, but it was high on the list of what President
Thomas Jefferson had sent Lewis and Clark to do.
This Indian woman’s story is complicated from start to finish, but
one detail deserves mention at the outset. When Clark hired
Charbonneau he had two Shoshone-speaking wives, sisters whom
he had separately purchased from their father. Marrying sisters,
called sororal polygyny by anthropologists, was a common practice
among the Plains tribes at the time. Clark noted that both wives
spoke Shoshone, but the older one was too sick to travel when the
boats departed.
stood its meaning—Bird Woman—and he tried to spell it correctly.
Among the members of the Corps of Discovery, Sacagawea was the
youngest, save her son; she was also the only woman, the only Native
American, and the only speaker of Shoshone. Today her Hidatsa name is
probably recognized more widely than that of any other member, Lewis
and Clark included. More statues have been erected in public spaces in
her honor than for any other American woman. Why this is so is one of
the mysteries of fame. Sacagawea performed useful service on the
expedition and once or twice even pointed the way, but that doesn’t
explain the broad appeal of the young mother who carried her infant son
across the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific and back, a journey second in
significance in American history only to Columbus’s. It’s not easy to
explain how Sacagawea steals the scene in Lewis and Clark’s journals
whenever she’s on the page. But scholars sometimes think too much is
made of her, scant her role, and never seriously ask who and what she
was, exactly, or consider the ways in which that might matter.
Toussaint Charbonneau was paid $500 for making the trip, Sacagawea
nothing. Their journey ended in August 1806 when the expedition left
them at the villages on the Missouri River where Lewis and Clark had
found them. Charbonneau was about forty, Sacagawea nineteen or
twenty. Then what?
Charbonneau lived into his seventies. In the last half of his life he
attracted frequent notice from the keepers of diaries and journals as a
trapper, trader, and translator on the Upper Missouri before dying in a still
-unknown place at an unknown moment: after 1838 and before 1843 is
as close as the Utah historian Larry E. Morris can get in The Fate of the
Corps (2004), his history of the afterlives of the expeditioners.
The younger sister, who joined the expedition, was about eighteen
or nineteen years old, and she was carrying an infant son, born two
months earlier with Lewis attending, though he wasn’t a doctor.
Labor was prolonged and difficult “as is common,” Lewis noted, with
first babies. Another French Canadian, René Jusseaume, who
spoke a rough but workable English, told Lewis that labor could be
eased by breaking up the rattle of a rattlesnake and administering it But for the much earlier death of Charbonneau’s Snake wife, Morris can
mixed with water. Lewis said OK, it was done, and the boy was pin down the cause, day, and place— “putrid fever” on December 20,
1812, at Fort Manuel Lisa, a trading post downriver from the Hidatsa
promptly born.
villages where Clark had hired Charbonneau because his wife spoke
Shoshone. That death date for Sacagawea has not been seriously
Over the next sixteen months Clark began to call the Indian woman challenged by scholars for seventy years or more because two brief diary
“Janey” and grew fond of her son, but when the expedition headed entries recorded twenty months apart seem too clear and explicit for
upriver on April 7, he noted him on the roster only as “Shabonahs error.
infant.” After Clark had learned to sound out and spell the woman’s
name, he went back and inked it into his journal entry for the
departure day: “Sah-kah-gar we â.” The standard spelling now is But the death date matters. The standard 1812 date describes a short life
“Sacagawea.” It is said as one word but is actually an amalgam of with a sad ending. A new date proposed by Sacagawea’s descendants
two words, one for bird and one for woman, in the language of the and other interested members of the Hidatsa tribe suggests a longer life
Hidatsa, the tribe of the man who sold the sisters to Charbonneau. of broader drama and significance—fifty-seven years longer. The Hidatsa
Clark is notorious for his erratic spelling—multiple ways for argument arrives in Our Story of Eagle Woman: Sacagawea: They Got It
Charbonneau and Jusseaume. But for the younger sister Clark Wrong, by the Sacagawea Project Board of the Mandan, Hidatsa, and
made a special effort. He learned to pronounce her name, he under Arikara Nation. Continue on next page.
Page 10.
West S egment New s October 2023
Our Story of Eagle Woman: Sacagawea: They Got It Wrong
No single author is named or thanked within. The book is a tribal effort
led by five Project Board members who are all relatives of Sacagawea:
Calvin Grinnell, Bernie Fox, Gerard Baker, Carol Newman, and Wanda
Fox Sheppard (who died after its publication). The research and writing
of the book was organized by Sheppard’s brother and his wife, Dennis
and Sandra Fox. Additional research was contributed by Professor
Michael Welsh of the history department at the University of Northern
Colorado. These eight and other volunteers share a belief common
among Native Americans that they have something important to add to
their history.
Our Story of Eagle Woman is the clearest and best example of a book
written in this spirit that I have seen. Its claims are specific, broad, hard to
resolve, and above all numerous: that Sacagawea had a Hidatsa name
because she was Hidatsa; that except for travels with Charbonneau, she
lived the whole of her life among the Hidatsa on the Upper Missouri; that
late in life she had three additional children, all daughters; that her
brother, Cherry Necklace, was a notable leader and religious figure; that
after 1845 she lived with her brother in a traditional earthen lodge in Likea-Fishhook village, near the trading post known as Fort Berthold; that her
life there was intimately connected to the Hidatsa in all the village ways
of the time; that she lived into her eighties; and that she was fatally
wounded in 1869 by Sioux Indians—very likely Hunkpapa belonging to a
war faction led by Sitting Bull—while traveling with a group on its way to
a trading post upriver near Fort Buford.
Every detail of this expansion of the standard story is certain to be
debated to exhaustion, but here, too, one detail in particular should be
kept in mind from the outset: Our Story of Eagle Woman, drawing on
tribal records and the family traditions of Hidatsa elders, asserts that
Sacagawea’s father, Smoked Lodge, was Hidatsa, but that her mother
was a Crow named Otter Woman or Comes Out of the Water. The Crow
and Hidatsa were closely related tribes, but not the same. Having a
Hidatsa father and a Crow mother opens a question of what Sacagawea
was, exactly.
The revisions proposed by the Project Board begin with a name change:
a claim that Bird Woman’s name was actually Eagle Woman—
Maeshuwea or Maeshuweash—which proved too difficult for whites to
pronounce. But Bird Woman is not wrong in any meaningful sense, and it
is a name used frequently throughout Our Story.
The Project Board’s new material supports an extended personal history
collected a hundred years ago, on May 29, 1923, by a US Army officer
with an interest in the Northern Plains Indians. Captain A.B. Welch had
just finished delivering a Memorial Day speech to a gathering of the Old
Scout Society on the Fort Berthold Reservation when he was
approached by Bulls Eye, one of the old-time scouts, who said: I want to
talk with you now. We have heard about some white men who wrote
about my Grandmother. Her name was T(Sakakawea)ish[Welch’s
spelling]. These white men came along here about a hundred years ago.
They made a mistake with the interpreter. He could not speak the
Indian well and told it wrong. He could not talk English either. He
talked French. It has been wrong ever since that time. T
(Sakakawea)ish was not a Shoshoni. She was a Hidatsa.
First on Bulls Eye’s mind that day was his grandmother’s tribal
identity—not Shoshone, Hidatsa. But more important, in my view,
were the date and circumstances of her death, which Bulls Eye
described to Welch later in the day. Welch had asked the old scout
to bring others familiar with the story to ensure he got the details
right, and Bulls Eye arrived with seven leading men of the village
including one, Arthur Mandan, who would later become the first
tribal chairman of the Hidatsa. He was fluent in Hidatsa, Mandan,
and English and often interpreted for early ethnographers like
Alfred Bowers, the author of an authoritative ethnography of the
Hidatsa, and Martha Beckwith, a folklorist who identified Bird
Woman as a sister of Cherry Necklace in a 1937 work on Mandan
and Hidatsa myths. Arthur Mandan was the son of a Mandan chief
named Wounded Face (1838-1921) whose Christian name was
Howard Mandan Sr. In 1909 the elder Mandan was photographed
at a chief's meeting with Long Bear (1834-1912), a son of Cherry
Necklace and nephew of Sacagawea. It was a small world;
everybody knew everybody. These and other tribal connections
offer evidence that Bulls Eye's story was common knowledge
throughout the tribe.
When all were seated the Bulls Eye began his story:
My name is Bulls Eye. I am of the Hidatsa. I have seen fifty-eight
winters…. My father’s name was Lean Bull. He was Hidatsa…. My
mother’s name was Otter Woman. She was of the Hidatsa too. I
was four years old when she was killed by an enemy. She died
sitting up against a wagon wheel. The name of my mother’s
mother was Sakakawea. She was my grandmother. (Welch note:
The two fingers to the mouth sign was given—blood relationship
sign.)…My grandmother, Sakakawea, had a brother whose name
was Cherry Necklace. He lived with our relatives in Montana.
These people are called Absarokee [“Absaroka” is the spelling
used now] or the Crows, sometimes. But they were Hidatsa a long
time ago….
When my grandmother was seventeen years old, her father gave
her to a white man. The white man was my grandfather. His name
was Sharbonish (Charbonneau)….This white man and Sakakawea
had several children. The first one was a man child [Jean-Baptiste
Charbonneau, delivered with the aid of Meriwether Lewis]. The
second was a woman child. They named her Otter Woman. She
was my mother (Here the sign for birth was given). The third child
was a woman child also. Her name was Cedar Woman. In other
meetings over several years Bulls Eye gave Welch further details
about his early life, some based on the stories told to him as a
child and young man by Cedar Woman, his mother’s sister, who
died around 1895 when he was in his thirties.
West S egment New s Octob er 2023
Page 11.
Our Story of Eagle Woman: Sacagawea: They Got It Wrong
. He recounted his memories of the fight in 1869 near Fort Buford in two, and a third was noted by Sergeant Patrick Gass at a Christmas
which his mother bled to death leaning against a wagon wheel, and of party in 1804 that “continued in a jovial manner till 8 at night; and
his grandmother, who was shot in the side but managed to walk him without the presence of any females, except three squaws, wives to our
to safety. “We walked over the hills and prairie to the trader’s store,” interpreter.”
Bulls Eye told Welch. “I got well and lived. Sakakawea, my
grandmother, died at the trader’s place, seven days after that.”
Charbonneau had two Snake wives while working for Manuel Lisa and
later, at Fort Clark in the 1830s, had at least two other wives, tribes
The Sacagawea Project Board refers to this account as “the Bulls Eye unidentified. In February 1834 a German prince, Maximilian of Wied,
story,” and it is not easily dismissed or explained away, but it was noted in his diary that his translator at Fort Clark, Toussaint
almost completely forgotten after 1923, and the new book has so far Charbonneau, “was absent again. This seventy-five-year-old man is
been ignored by scholars. The Hidatsa fear their work is overlooked always running after women.” In October the clerk of the trading post,
because they are Indians, and they may be right. But just as likely is Francis Chardon, recorded in his journal that Charbonneau and his
the sprawl of the Bulls Eye story, offering, with little warning, a counter Lady started for the [Hidatsa village] on a visit—(or to tell the truth,) in
history on so many points at once. Which end of this thing do you quest of one of his runaway Wives—for I must inform you he has two
tackle first? The best place to start is with the 1812 death date. The lovely ones—Poor old Man. Three years later, as a smallpox epidemic
long-accepted argument for that is not strained but it is thin. It rests on was sweeping through the Mandan and Hidatsa villages in mid-August,
two diary entries and a single word jotted down by William Clark a “Charbonneau and his family” fled Fort Clark but proved unlucky.
dozen or more years later.
“Disease has not yet broke out among [the Hidatsa],” Chardon wrote,
“except his squaw, who died four days ago.” Chardon tells us that a
The first diary entry was recorded by a young traveler, Henry year after that, in October 1838, the eighty-year-old trapper-trader “took
Brackenridge, on his way up the Missouri River in April 1811 with a to himself…a young Wife, a young Assiniboine girl of 14,” captured in a
group bound for a new trading post built by the noted Indian trader fight that summer. So many wives, only one with a name.
Manuel Lisa:
Charbonneau kept no journal and left nothing like the full account
We had on board a Frenchman named Charbonet, with his wife, an delivered to Captain Welch by Bulls Eye, whose story is not two
Indian woman of the Snake Nation, both of whom had accompanied sentences, plus a word, but an expansive account of the death of his
Lewis and Clark to the Pacific, and were of great service. The woman, mother and grandmother. With the rest of the material gathered in Our
a good creature, of a mild and gentle disposition greatly attached to Story it offers a swath of history as substantial as a deposition delivered
the whites, whose manners and dress she tries to imitate, but she had to lawyers. Outside of the Lewis and Clark journals nothing else comes
become sickly, and longed to revisit her country. The “Indian woman close to telling us as much about Sacagawea. One way or another,
every future history of her life will have to take it into account.
of the Snake nation” is not named but is unmistakably Sacagawea.
Second in the chain of proof is a diary entry some twenty months later At stake in this inquiry is the truth of two long-standing claims—that
by John Luttig, the chief clerk at Fort Manuel Lisa, on December 20, Sacagawea was a Shoshone and that she died at twenty-five. The
1812: “This Evening the Wife of Charbonneau a Snake Squaw, died of principal argument for a Shoshone tribal identity is the fact that Lewis
a putrid fever she was a good and best Woman in the fort, aged about and Clark believed that’s what she was based on her report that a
25 years she left a fine infant girl.” Charbonneau had two Snake Shoshone chief, Cameahwait, was her “brother.” This is not a question
wives. One of them died in 1812, but which one? The standard telling to be settled in a minute. How Hidatsa address relatives is an extremely
of the Luttig story ends with the single word that Clark, sometime in complicated matter. Any person addressed as “mother,” “brother,”
the years between 1825 and 1828, wrote next to Sacagawea’s name “father,” “sister,” or “cousin” may be one in our sense of the term, or
may not. The Sacagawea Project Board believes that Cameahwait had
on a roster of expedition members: “Dead.”
been adopted by Sacagawea’s father, Smoked Lodge, and that she had
learned Shoshone on family visits to the tribe. The book makes its case
I call the 1812 argument thin because it offers no evidence for where and invites comment.
Charbonneau and his two Snake wives were between April 1811 and
December 1812 or for which Snake wife died in 1812, because it
cannot tell us when or why Clark concluded that Sacagawea was But in the meantime, it also stresses the problem of translation.
dead, and because it overlooks the fact that Clark in 1813 wrongly Everything Lewis and Clark knew about Sacagawea’s history and
believed that Charbonneau was dead. If he was wrong about identity came from her as reported in Hidatsa to Charbonneau, who
Charbonneau, was he perhaps wrong about Sacagawea as well? passed it in French mainly to René Jusseaume, who gave Lewis and
Finally, there is the element of doubt introduced by the figure of Clark the English version of it. Questions went back by the same route.
But Washington Matthews, an army doctor in the 1870s who was the
Charbonneau himself, who had many wives. Lewis and Clark knew
Continue on page 13.
Page 12.
West S egment New s October 2023
From District 4A Representative Lisa DeVille
Cocentrated Animal Feeding Operations Feeding Operations (CAFOs) or factory farms, can pose
(CAFOS) or Factory Farming and Model Review various dangers and concerns to the environment, animal
Zoning Task Force
welfare, public health, and local communities. Here are some of
the dangers associated with large livestock confinements:
My name is Representative Lisa Finley-DeVille. I
Environmental Pollution:
am enrolled member of the Mandan, Hidatsa, and
Water Pollution: CAFOs produce massive amounts of manure
Arikara Nation but my direct lineage is Mandan
and waste that can easily contaminate water sources if not
and Hidatsa. I have lived my whole life with my
properly managed. Runoff from these facilities can carry
family in Mandaree, ND on Fort Berthold
pollutants such as bacteria, pathogens, antibiotics, and excess
Reservation. I want to share with you the reasons
nutrients (like nitrogen and phosphorus) into nearby rivers,
why I opposed the Concentrated Animal Feeding
streams, and groundwater, causing water pollution and
Operation (CAFO) bills that North Dakota
eutrophication.
Legislators passed this year.
Air Pollution: The concentration of animals in these facilities
In 2015, I was one of many people who worked against the CAFO’s near
generates significant amounts of ammonia, methane, and other
Devils Lake, ND. One of the origins of my people came from Devils Lake
gases that can contribute to poor air quality, greenhouse gas
region that predates colonial settlement. Our roots are from there and the
emissions, and odor issues in surrounding areas.
spirits of our ancestors are tied to that sacred land that surrounds Devils
Animal Welfare Issues:
Lake.
Overcrowding: Large livestock confinements often involve high
We Mandan people call ourselves "the People of the first Man." The Hidatsa
stocking densities, leading to overcrowding and stress for the
were known as Minnetaree, or Gros Ventre. Hidatsa was formerly the name of
animals. This can result in health problems, such as increased
a village occupied by these tribes, which has been said to mean "willows."
susceptibility to disease and aggression among animals.
The name Minnetaree, spelled in various ways, means "to cross the water."
Limited Movement: Animals in CAFOs may have limited space
Protecting landowners, family farmers, and ranchers was one of my most
to move around, which can restrict their natural behaviors and
important platforms when I decided to run for office. During the 2023
lead to physical discomfort and muscle atrophy.
Legislative Session, it was difficult to hear the news of long-time friends of the
Lack of Enrichment: Animals in confinement may lack access to
family farm going neutral on House Bill 1371. Especially because in 2016, a
natural behaviors like grazing, rooting, or dust-bathing, causing
statewide vote rejected the weakening of the corporate farm law with 76% of
boredom and frustration.
the vote. That change would have destroyed the livelihoods of thousands of
Antibiotic Resistance:
North Dakotans by putting small family farms in direct competition with
Overuse of Antibiotics: In some CAFOs, antibiotics are routinely
corporations.
administered to livestock to prevent disease and promote
House Bill 1371: AN ACT to create and enact four new sections to chapter 10growth. This practice can lead to the development of antibiotic06.1 of the North Dakota Century Code, relating to authorized livestock farm
resistant bacteria, which poses a serious threat to human
corporation and authorized livestock farm limited liability company
health by reducing the effectiveness of antibiotics in treating
requirements, and initial and annual reporting requirements for authorized
infections.
livestock farm corporations, and authorized livestock farm limited liability
Public Health Concerns:
companies; to amend and reenact sections […] of the North Dakota Century
Zoonotic Diseases: The close proximity of animals in CAFOs
Code, relating to agricultural definitions, ownership exceptions for
increases the risk of zoonotic diseases—diseases that can be
beekeeping, agriculture support services, livestock backgrounding and feedlot
transmitted from animals to humans. Examples include avian
operations, raising or producing of livestock by persons that have limited
influenza and swine flu.
landholdings, and required reporting for corporate farming; to provide a
Waterborne Illness: Water contamination from CAFO runoff can
penalty; and to declare an emergency.
lead to outbreaks of waterborne illnesses, affecting local
The problem is under House Bill 1371, such feedlots or dairies would no
communities.
longer fall under the definition of farming and ranching, meaning North
Community Impact:
Dakota’s 90-year-old anti-corporate farming law, which limits farms to family
Odor and Noise: Large livestock confinements can emit strong
ownership, would not apply to those operations. Leaving smaller farms under
odors and noise that can disrupt the quality of life for nearby
threat of closure undoubtedly impacts the diversity of local producers. As
residents.
presented by North Dakota Native Vote in their testimony, corporations who
Property Values: Proximity to CAFOs can negatively impact
have the ability to aggregate and analyze data for their benefit will first target
property values in the area due to concerns about pollution,
small farms and the small diverse group of local producers that make up
odor, and other environmental factors.
North Dakota’s collective group of producers by transferring wealth to longLoss of Biodiversity:
term corporate interests while family land and ownership will be lost to large
Land Use: The extensive land use required for feed production
animal confinement facilities.
and waste disposal can lead to deforestation, habitat
Large livestock confinements, often referred to as Concentrated Animal
Continue on page 24.
Page 13.
West S egment New s Octob er 2023
Our Story of Eagle Woman: Sacagawea: They Got It Wrong
first serious American student of Hidatsa, reported that it was a
difficult tonal language like Japanese and that Charbonneau had
never learned to pronounce it properly. Questions went back by the
same route. But Washington Matthews, an army doctor in the 1870s
who was the first serious American student of Hidatsa, reported that
it was a difficult tonal language like Japanese and that Charbonneau
had never learned to pronounce it properly. Jusseaume in turn was
said by a British trader of the time, Charles MacKenzie, to speak
“bad French and worse English,” and he added that the two
Frenchmen argued about the meaning of every word going in both
directions. This suggests but does not resolve the tangle of the
argument.
their corn—in little hills about four feet apart, with six or eight kernels
poked finger-deep into the sides of the hills—is described in a
remarkable book by an early student of the Hidatsa, Gilbert L. Wilson, a
Presbyterian minister who lived for extended periods on the Fort
Berthold reservation between 1906 and 1918. Buffalo Bird Woman’s
Garden, first published under another title in 1917, was written by Wilson
but drawn from the memories and told in the voice of a Hidatsa woman
also known as Waheenee, who moved to Like-a-Fishhook in 1845 when
she was six. There, after her mother died, she grew up in the lodge of
her father, Small Ankle, and addressed both of her mother’s sisters as
“mother” in keeping with custom. Perhaps a hundred yards to the east of
Small Ankle’s lodge were the two lodges of Cherry Necklace, whose
sister, Bird Woman or Eagle Woman, had a garden in the bottom lands
The Project Board weighs the matter but settles in the end on the touching on the field where Buffalo Bird Woman in her teens tended her
conclusion reached by Sacagawea’s son, Jean-Baptiste, who spent corn and scared away crows.
the last few years of his well-documented life looking for gold in
California. Soon after he died of “mountain fever” on his way to Wilson accumulated an immense body of notes from Buffalo Bird
Montana in 1866, a remembrance appeared in an Idaho newspaper, Woman (who died in 1932) and from her brother, Wolf Chief, and her
the Owyhee Avalanche, by a man who had known him since 1852. son, Edward Goodbird—material often cited in Our Story of Eagle
“Mr. Charbonneau was born in the western wilds,” the writer Woman. Wolf Chief was also an informant of the photographer E.S.
reported, “in the country of the Crow Indians—his father being a Curtis and the anthropologists Robert Lowie and Alfred Bowers, who
Canadian Frenchman, and his mother a half breed of the Crow spent a year (1932– 1933) living at Fort Berthold and thirty years later
tribe.” That view is hard to distinguish from Bulls Eye’s account. published one of the basic books on the tribe, Hidatsa Social and
When son and grandson agree on the identity of a mother and Ceremonial Organization. These scholars would all have met Hidatsa
grandmother it is likely that both were assured of its truth by the who had known Sacagawea, but none seemed to take a close interest in
same sources.
her story. The notes of Bowers, in particular, contain a wealth of detail
from Wolf Chief about Sacagawea and her family. Bowers might easily
The question of when Sacagawea died is simpler—yes or no for two have gone on asking questions of Wolf Chief and worked up the
dates. If Bulls Eye is right, his grandmother lived into her eighties answers into an extended narrative like his eight pages of dense text on
and witnessed three great events: the transformation of Native Wolf Chief’s romantic life, but he held back. Why so much attention to
American life on the Northern Plains, an unending war between the Wolf Chief, but not the Hidatsa woman? My guess is that Bird Woman’s
river tribes and the Sioux, and the near extinction of the river tribes fame stood in the way. Bowers wanted to be seen as a scholar, not a
by a devastating smallpox epidemic in 1837. Before the disease ran journalist seeking sensation, so he let the story go.
its course, half the Hidatsa and 80 percent or more of the Mandan
had died. It was this terrible die-off, Our Story of Eagle Woman
suggests, that prompted Sacagawea in her late forties to have
additional children: Otter Woman in about 1838 and Cedar Woman
in 1839. Early tribal records listed no father, but Bulls Eye tells us
that it was Charbonneau in both cases. Every Hidatsa woman at the
time did the same if she could. In 1845 the remnants of the Mandan
and Hidatsa built a new community about sixty miles up the Missouri
called Like-a-Fishhook, where Sacagawea’s brother, Cherry
Necklace, built two lodges for different wives. In one of them
Sacagawea lived during her last years.
Just outside Like-a-Fishhook, in the bottom lands near the river
where the soil was good, the women of the Hidatsa and Mandan
(later joined by the Arikara) raised corn, beans, squash, and
sunflowers in fields they cleared, in the early years, with hoes made
from the shoulder bones of deer or oxen, which were replaced by
metal hoes as soon as people could get them. How they planted
When Bulls Eye is considered in a serious way, the broad narrative of
Sacagawea’s life becomes clear, but it is in the journals of Lewis and
Clark that the woman herself is seen most clearly. There she is often
mentioned and quoted, frequently on the subject of some herb, root, or
fruit that the Hidatsa like to eat or use. When Lewis in mid-July 1805
described at length how the Hidatsa made bread of sunflower seeds
collected in the river bottoms and ground into a fine flour, it seems likely
Sacagawea was his source. Who else among the corps would have
known, or thought it important?
But Sacagawea was not just interested and helpful; she was bold. When
she wanted something, she had the courage to argue that it was not just
reasonable but right. In Oregon one evening in January 1806, she spoke
up firmly while Clark was planning an expedition to the Pacific coast the
next day to examine the carcass of a whale. Clark had not thought to
ask Sacagawea if she might like to go. She made sure he knew. Clark
noted in his journal on January 6:
continue on page 15.
West S egment New s October 2023
Page 14.
For Your Information
Update From NDDOT On
Highway 73 & Highway 22
Mandaree Job Announcements:
COMMUNITY HEALTH
REPRESENTATIVES:
CHR - Mandaree
The concrete crew is scheduled to return to
the this site as of October 9th. The asphalt
crew is scheduled to return the end of next
week (Oct. 12 or 13.) Once this work is
completed and the road is in a condition for
Location: Mandaree, ND
Management: No
Description: Regular, Full-Time, Benefits
Pay: $20.00/hour
Deadline: Open until filled
Questionnaire: Child Care
Full Job Description >>>
safe travel, ND 73 will again be open to traffic SOLID WASTE:
Transfer Technician - Mandaree
through the winter season.
Location: Mandaree, ND
The entire project consists of work on ND 73 Management: No
from about Mile marker 6 to the JCT ND 22 (5 Description: Regular, Full-Time, Benefits
Pay: $17.85/hour
miles), including the round-a-bout work this Deadline: Open until filled
season. During 2024 construction season, Questionnaire: Not Required
parts of ND 73 will again be shut down to TAT Boys & Girls Club:
allow Box Culvert replacement at Handy The Boys & Girls Club is currently recruiting for
the following positions. If interested, please
Water Creek and Bears Den Creek. These submit a resume and complete application for
boxes will not be worked on concurrently due the following position. Must be able to pass a
background check and drug test. Must be
to the road being closed at those locations willing to work with kids, plan and execute!
during their construction. The road will also You do not need to be Enrolled Member of TAT.
be widened with new asphalt placed. The If you have any questions, contact Kristen Morsette,
entire project is scheduled to be completed in
CEO, BGC-TAT-kmorsette@mhanation.com
•
FT Branch Manager
•
PT Activity Coordinator
Thank you
•
PT Youth workers
Bill Gathman, Williston NDDOT District
Mandaree School Job Openings: page 16.
the fall of 2024.
Page 15.
West S egment New s Octob er 2023
Our Story of Eagle Woman: Sacagawea: They Got It Wrong
[The] Indian woman was very impatient to be permitted to go with me,
and was therefore indulged; She observed that She had traveled a long
way with us to See the great waters, and that now that monstrous fish
was also to be Seen, She thought it very hard that She Could not be
permitted to See either (She had never yet been to the Ocean).
he published Buffalo Bird Woman’s story of the spring buffalo hunt,
he had known her for twenty years.
Knowing this prompts us to ask questions of the story. Two of the
men on the hunt, High Backbone and Long Bear, were sons of
Cherry Necklace, Bird Woman’s brother. She was traveling with her
nephews. Her garden in the 1860s was in the bottoms along the river
at Like-a-Fishhook village, and it touched the field gardened by
Buffalo Bird Woman. The back-and-forth of talk around the campfire
indicates that Bird Woman is likely the wife of Bad Brave.
But when the expedition ended in 1806 Sacagawea was lost from sight.
In the six years that followed she is present on a page only a handful of
times, always in the company of Charbonneau. Over the following fiftyseven years there is even less: by my count just two brief moments that
give us a glimpse of her. The first is a homely detail in Bulls Eye’s
account of his grandmother’s death, quoted in Our Story. He began by
explaining to Welch why Sacagawea had joined a group heading for a
Wilson's suggestion that Sacagawea in the late 1860s was likely the
trading post near Fort Buford:
wife of Bad Brave is supported by testimony from Naomi Foolish
Bear (1916-1997) reporting family tradition that when Sacagawea's
She had learned to like coffee terribly well. She could not get along mother and other female relatives came from Crow country to the
without coffee. When she got out of coffee she would travel long Hidatsa’s in about 1864, they went to the home of Bad Brave.
distances in order to get a new supply. She saved the coffee from the
pots and would put it on her head so it would smell like coffee.
How do we know the hunting story happened? Buffalo Bird Woman
That was Sacagawea at eighty-two. A second story, unremarked till now, was there, she told Wilson, and Wilson told us. Wilson knew and
describes her when she was a few years younger. It is found in Gilbert interviewed both Bad Brave and Long Bear; he most likely confirmed
Wilson’s second book told in the voice of Buffalo Bird Woman, called the hunting story with them. This simple story, published by a scholar
Waheenee, after the name she was given in childhood. The book, careful with facts, might tell us several things about Bird Woman in
originally published in 1927, is a coming-of-age story, a portrait of the 1860s: she was living at Like-a-Fishhook village with or near her
Hidatsa life from the death of Buffalo Bird Woman’s mother when she nephews and near Buffalo Bird Woman, she was with Bad Brave,
was six until the birth of her only child, Edward Goodbird, in November she was squeamish, and she was alive.
1869, a few months after the death of Bird Woman.
The book is available on-site at the Tribal Interpretive Center in New
Late one spring a few years before that, in the mid-1860s, Waheenee Town, from Paragon Agency.com or from Amazon. There is also a
and her second husband, Son-of-a-Star, joined a group on a buffalo children's book for grades 4-9.
hunt just before corn-planting time. Waheenee’s story spans a dozen
pages, with a warm portrait of six Hidatsa women working and talking as
the group, a dozen in all, make their way upriver. They have left their
horses behind in Like-a-Fishhook, since they were still too weak from
winter for heavy work. Helping them move butchered meat and hides
are dogs pulling travois. One evening, with dinner eaten, they talk late in
the rambling way of campers enjoying their ease around a fire. The six
Hidatsa women have come with their husbands: “ten in the party
besides Son-of-a-Star and myself.” Buffalo Bird Woman names the
other men: Crow-Flies-High, Bad Brave, High Backbone, Long Bear,
and Scar, a Sioux who was visiting the Hidatsa’s.
“I have heard that white men eat turtles,” said Long Bear’s wife. “I do not
believe it.”
“They do eat turtles,” said High Backbone, “and they eat frogs. A white
man told me. I asked him.”
“Ey! And such unclean things; I could not eat them,” cried Bird Woman.
The shock in the line is the name. Nothing in the tale says, Stop, take
note. Why is this name here? To get that the reader has to know that
Wilson is one of the four or five great students of the Hidatsa. When
West S egment New s October 2023
Page 16.
Around West Segment
Job Positions Open At Mandaree
School
Art Teacher
CTE Teacher (any concentration)
Business Manager
Nurse
Guidance Counselor
Part-Time Pool-Open Recruiting
Special Ed Paraprofessional
Paraprofessional
School Bus Driver FT Position
Kitchen Aide
Transportation Manager
Day Time Security Guard
Athletic Director
Apply online: http://www.applitrack.com/
mandaree/onlineapp
If you have any questions, please call the
Business Office at (701)759-3120.
Mandaree School Dates To Remember
Fall Festival on Thursday, October 19 at
the Mandaree School.
Red Ribbon Week October 23-31, 2023.
Starts on Monday through Tuesday. This
year’s theme: (“Be Kind To Your Mind,
Live Drug Free”)
Varsity Football home game vs White
Shield 5pm Oct. 17th, 2023
Wednesday, October 18, 2023 marks the
end of the 1st Quarter. Please speak with
your student about he importance of
passing their classes.
West S egment New s Octob er 2023
Page 17.
Very Proud of our Mandaree Volunteer Fire Crew
Photo and caption courtesy of Marle Baker
My crew saw some action, it made my heart warm to see them in action. The long days of training and hard work has paid
off. My crew was all set when we headed 1.5 miles north west of the reservation line. On North of highway 23. As you can
see in the pictures below where the fire took place. This crew is always ready to serve in and around our surrounding area.
Special thanks to Marle Baker who took these photos and acknowledged his crew.
Page 18.
West S egment New s October 2023
Nueta Hidatsa Sahnish College News
Submitted by Chad Wright Marketing Specialist
Events:
•
Sunday Reading Program: October 14, 2023. All
ages at the NHSC Library from 1:00pm to
2:00pm.
•
NHSC Alumni Meeting-October 17th at Noon in
Room 37 (lunch provided)
•
NDSU Representative on Campus on October
18th at 10:00am to 1:00pm.
•
Drone Camp-October 20th at the Earth Lodges
at 9:00am to 4:00pm.
•
Haunted Hallway-October 27th to 29th.
Are you interested in:
Obtaining our GED? NHSC can help! Check out our website at
www.nhsc.edu/degrees-certificates/ged/
for
additional
information you can contact the following individuals.
NHSC Main Campus-Betty Lockwood at (701) 421-0034
blockw@nhsc.edu
White Shield Liaison-Elissa “Elise” Argent at (701)743-4552
eargent@nhsc.edu
Mandaree Liaison– Frances “Buffy” White at (701)759-3528
fwhite@nhsc.edu
Parshall Liaison– Delrene “Susie” Simpson at (701) 862-2106
dsimps@nhsc.edu
Joining our Alumni Club? If you are a former NHSC or FBCC
student and want to join our Alumni group, reach out to our
Alumni team at alumni@nhsc.edu for additional information.
Joining the team at NHSC? Below is a list of jobs current open
positions and we would love for you to join us! Check out our
www.nhsc.edu/jobs to apply.
Computer Science Instructor
Head Golf Coach
Lunch & Learn Schedule:
•
Thursday, October 26th-Resume & Cover letter
at Noon in Room 37.
Storm Family Study Night:
On Wednesday, October 25th start at 4::30pm to
7:30pm.
Staffing Changes:
•
Alisha Decoteau– Human Resources Director
Men’s basketball Coach
•
Sidney Prospere– Apprenticeship Director
Engineering Instructor
Athletics is Still Looking For Athletes:
•
Men’s Basketball
•
Women’s Basketball
Athletics:
Are you interested in playing for the Storm Athletics Program?
Men’s basketball
Women’s basketball
Golf
Cross Country
Contact our Athletic Director Kyle DeCoteau @ kdecoteau@nhsc.edu.
We have Athletic Tuition Waivers available on a first come, first serve
basis. Contact Kyle early to sign with us and apply for your tuition
Upcoming Application Deadlines:
•
Spring Applications Due-November 15th
•
Spring Documents Due– December 10th
•
Summer Applications Due– April 30th
•
Summer Documents Due– May 10th
West S egment New s Octob er 2023
Page 19.
Page 20.
West S egment News O ctober 2023
Notice Mandaree Talent Show Rescheduled
West S egment New s Octob er 2023
Page 21.
2023-24 Mandaree Warriors Boys & Girls Basketball Schedule
Day
Date:
Opponent:
Location:
Friday
Dec. 8
Alexander (DH)
Watford City
Friday
Dec.15
Trenton (DH)
Trenton
Saturday
Dec.16
New Town (DH)
New Town
Thursday
Dec. 27-28
Hunkpapa Classic (DH)
McLaughlin, SD
Friday
Jan.5
Garrison
Garrison
Thursday
Jan.6
Powers Lake (DH)
Powers Lake
Thursday
Jan.11
White Shield (DH)
Mandaree
Saturday
Jan.13
New Salem (DH)*
Mandaree
Saturday
Jan.20
Central-McLean(DH)
Central-McLean
Saturday
Jan.27
Berthold (DH)
Berthold
Friday
Feb.2
Wilton-Wing
Mandaree
Saturday
Feb.3
Washburn (DH)
Washburn
Thursday
Feb.8
Center-Stanton
Center
Thursday
Feb.15
Williston-Trinity
Williston
M/Tu/Th
Mar.4-5-7
Region 3 “B”
Bismarck
TBA
Saturday
Mar.9
State Qualifiers-West
New Town
TBA
Thursday, Friday, Saturday: March 14-16: State “B” Tournament in Minot TBA
*Parents Night for Boys Basketball on Saturday, Jan.13, 2024 (Dates and Times are subject to change)
2023-24 Mandaree Warriors Girls Basketball Schedule:
Day:
Date:
Opponent:
Location:
Friday
Dec.8
Alexander (DH)
Watford City
Saturday
Dec.9
Wilton-Wing
Mandaree
Friday
Dec.15
Trenton (DH)
Trenton
Saturday
Dec.16
New Town (DH)
New Town
Thursday
Dec.27-28
Hunkpapa Classic (DH)
McLaughlin, SD
Tuesday
Jan.2
Garrison
Garrison
Thursday
Jan.4
Center-Stanton
Stanton
Thursday
Jan.11
White Shield (DH)
Mandaree
Friday
Jan.12
Williston-Trinity
Williston
Saturday
Jan.13
New Salem (DH)*
Mandaree
Saturday
Jan.20
Central-McLean (DH)
Central-McLean
Tuesday
Jan.23
North Shore-Plaza
Plaza
Saturday
Jan.27
Berthold (DH)
Berthold
Saturday
Feb.3
Washburn (DH)
Washburn
Tu/F
Feb.19-21
Region 3 “B”
Killdeer
Tuesday
Feb.24
State Qualifiers-West
Minot
Th/F/Sat
Feb.29-Mar.1-2
State “B” Tournament
Jamestown
*Parents Night for Girls Basketball on Saturday, Jan.13, 2024 (Dates and Times are subject to change)
Page 22.
West S egment News O ctober 2023
For Your Information
Oblates of St. Benedict
My wife and I were given an opportunity to
attend the World Congress of Oblates of Saint
Benedict in Rome, Italy. The Congress was
held at St. Anselmo Monastery in Rome.
What is an Oblate of OSB? OSB stands for
Order of St. Benedict. Benedictine Oblates
are men and women who have made a formal
affiliation with a particular Benedictine
Community, Oblates take the Rule of St.
Benedict as a guide to Gospel living and to
nurture a filial attachment to their monastery.
Back to the Congress, there is 1,007
Benedictine Monasteries’ worldwide. 200 people from 23 Countries were
present at this Congress. This was the 5th International Congress of
Benedictine Oblates. The theme of the Congress is “Moving forward
Living the wisdom of the Rule of St. Benedict. 40 Oblates were from the
United States.
What is the rule of St. Benedict? It is a book of precepts written by St.
Benedict for monks living communally under the authority of an Abbot.
The Spirit of Saint Benedicts rule up in the motto of peace and the
tradition of pray and work.
At the Congress we had Morning Lauds, silent breakfast, speakers,
workshops, Mass and Vespers every day. In the topic of the speakers
was information and needs to live out the Oblate calling and expanding
the mission of the monasteries we belong to.
The workshops were breakout sessions discussing the message from the
main speakers. The next workshop was called the Island of Silence, it
focused on inner silence of ones being. St. Benedict has a whole chapter
in his rule Chapter 6, devoted to silence. In one session of the Island of
silence workshop we practiced meditation and the importance of quieting
oneself. Meditation is a prayer of the heart, and that meditation is a
journey of the mind to the heart. Here is the format we used to meditate
while sitting in a chair, your posture should be sitting upright, attentive.
With your eyes closed then in your mind repeat a mantra over and over
again. The mantra I used was Holy Spirit, which I said over and over
again. We were told not to have any expectations of what is going to
happen. Using this method, a person can easily see the distractions that
try to enter in and break our silence, we just keep returning to our mantra.
It is said that God can be heard in the silence! A person should be open
to experience God in this method of meditation. We need to practice and
practice this method. This was a very fruitful experience, and it is
something that I use and practice, I invite you to try it.
The Highlight of the trip and congress was our visit to the Vatican. We
oblates had a private audience with Pope Francis. He talked to us about
the importance of living out our calling as oblates of St. Benedict and to
remember we are called to live our oblate duties to the best of our abilities
in our daily lives. Pope Francis message to the oblates was expansion
of the heart, to search for God, enthusiasm for the gospel and
hospitality. Benedictines continual search for God, for his will, and
for the wonders he works.
By experiencing work as prayer, and the people we encounter is by
divine providence.
In living the gospel by our Benedictine hospitality in receiving all in
Christ, Matthew 25:35, I was hungry, and you gave me food and I
was thirsty and you gave me drink, I was a stranger and you
welcomed me.
May God Bless you always
Have a great day with Jesus Christ
Love and prayers
Deacon James Baker
St. Anthony’s Catholic Church/New
Town and Mandaree
Page 23.
West S egment New s Octob er 2023
For Your Information
Wolf Chief Store hours
are as follows:
Monday through Friday:
7am to 8pm
On Saturday and Sundays
the Wolf Chief Store will
open at 10:00 a.m. to
6:00p.m. 759-3140
If you have any questions, or need some
assistance concerning the Wolf Chief Store, you
may call the Wolf Chief Store at 759-3104
* The Emergency Closet is open Monday thru
Friday 6:00am to 2:00pm . Lindsey Fox Sepeta
will be there if you have any questions you can
call her 421-6347.
Numbers for Your Convenience
Water Chief Hall Hours: 9:00am to 5:30pm Phone
number (701) 759-3377
Mandaree One Stop: (701) 759-3609
Wolf Chief Store & More: (701) 759-3140
West Segment Elders Advocate Rosie Johnson: at
(701) 759-3377 ext.227 Her cell (701) 421-8519.
Mandaree Clinic: Monday through Friday from
8:00am to 4:30pm phone 759-3422. Pharmacy is
available daily.
Mandaree School: 759-3311
Native Printing LLC IN Mandaree Is Open For All
Your Printing Needs
Native Enrolled Member in the Mandaree Area:
We offer the following:
Breakfast daily: Monday
thru Friday from: 8:00am2:00pm
Embroidery
Lunch daily: Monday thru
Friday: from: 11:00am2:00pm.
DTG
Times and
change:
Email: nativeprinting_nt@yahoo.com
dates
may
Café Manager: Lindsey Fox-Sepeta at 759-3140
or cell 421-6347
St. Anthony’s Catholic Church Schedule:
Saturday: 7:30 pm New Town
Sunday: 8:30am New Town
Sunday: 11:00am Mandaree
Mandaree Post Office Hours:
Monday-Friday: 12:00-4:00pm
Saturday: 11:00am– 1:00pm
Sublimation
Vinyl Heat Press
Silk Screen Services
Phone: (701) 421-1027
Mandaree Field Clinic Hours
Clinic is open Monday-Friday: 8:00am4:30pm: Closed for Lunch 12pm-1pm
FNP Lori Jepson: is in the Mandaree Clinic on
Monday, Tuesday, Thursday & Fridays
Every Wednesday: a Nurse will be at the Clinic
for immunizations only by appointment.
Mandaree Clinic Pharmacy: is open everyday
during the week Monday-Friday 8:00am to
4:30pm
West Segment News October 2023
Page 24.
From District 4A Representative Lisa DeVille
Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations
(CAFOS) Continue
destruction, and loss of biodiversity.
Along with the passage of HB 1371, zoning ordinances were
also changed to fit the need of North Dakota’s corporate farms.
House Bill 1423: AN ACT to create and enact a new section to
chapter 4.1-01 of the North Dakota Century Code, relating to a
model zoning review task force; and to amend and reenact
sections 11-33-02.1, 23.1-01-04, and 58-03-11.1 of the North
Dakota Century Code, relating to a model zoning ordinance for
animal feeding operations and the North Dakota insurance
reserve fund.
Since the bill was inevitably set to pass, I recommended that
the committee set to oversee the enactment of HB 1371,
include Native American representation as large animal
confinements have devastating impacts on land and water.
Also mentioned the Mandan and Hidatsa tribes have origin
stories and significant areas throughout North Dakota
North Dakota prides itself on the rich history of the first
inhabitants of this territory, yet we are constantly accosted by
large industries that seek to destroy the finite resources that
we have left. North Dakotans, like tribal citizens feel that we
are stewards of the earth and that we need to care for it so that
our future generations will have a viable future. While I am a
proponent of finding ways to produce food for all people, we
must do it in an ethical way that honors the lives of the animals
and protects our land from pollution.
North Dakota should take note from Iowa and see what our
water quality will be like after a year of mass-producing
animals.
The Tribal/State Relations Committee
Orange Shirt Day, “Every Child Matters” Bismarck
I, Representative Lisa Finley-DeVille and Representative Jayme
Davis were invited to speak at the Orange Shirt Day “Every
Child Matters” in Bismarck ND on 9-30-23.
I gave my introduction and thanked Melanie, Prairies Rose, and
Twyla for inviting us to speak. I excused myself for speaking in
front of the elders. Here is my statement:
"I want to acknowledge our children who suffered physical,
emotional, cultural, and psychological abuse because of
American as well as Canadian government policies. We all
remember that our grandmothers, grandfathers, aunts, uncles,
mothers, and fathers had been forcibly removed from their
families and communities and placed in government-sponsored
and church-run residential schools to eliminate our identity as
Native people. It was not that long ago."
"The trauma, cultural erasure, and loss of identity suffered by
our children in these schools are wounds that continue to
impact our people and communities to this day. Many of the
harms and effects of abuse are not limited to the past but
persist in the present."
"As we acknowledge this painful history, we also recognize the
strength, resilience, and the enduring cultures of our
communities. It is beyond time to bring our children home."
I also spoke about some of our recent advocacy work as
requested by the committee. I started off, our advocacy work is
over 10 years on the oil and gas issues and the environment.
We got back from Washington DC at 4 am. Where we lobbied
for the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Bonding and
Leasing because we need to prepare for reclamation on
abandon wells 10 years from now that is near completion, BLM
Methane Rule is near completion, and the importance of the
National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) which the public
comment closed Friday. The NEPA is important to tribes we use
for environmental assessments for oil and gas, and it protects
water, burials, and endangered species, who we are as tribal
nations.
Thank you!
Representative Lisa Finley-DeVille
Representative Lisa DeVille serves on this committee.
Representative Zac Ista Chairing the Committee.
Page 25.
West Segment News October 2023
Around West Segment
2023 Mandaree School Crowns
Homecoming King & Queen
Photo & Caption by Terry Beston
Homecoming Royalty King; Dahu-Xubaa and
Queen; Aiyona Johnson were recently crowned
during the football game held at the Mandaree
School. On behalf of West Segment we
congratulate you both!
CCD Classes Offered to Students
If you are interested in sending
your child to CCD classes, there
are forms at the Mandaree
school to pick up and fill out. This
gives your child permission to
ride the Church bus, and other
information as well regarding the
program. If you have any
questions, please call Bobbi at
701-729-3998.
Page 26.
West Segment O ctober 2023
Obituary
Josephine (Standish) White Owl, was born on November 30, 1956 to Leo Standish Sr., and Joyce (Bearstail) Standish in
Watford City, North Dakota.
In her youth, she attended Mandaree Public school. She played basketball and enjoyed the country life. After graduating
she attended Lake Regional College in Devils Lake, North Dakota.
On December 16, 1976, she married the love of her life, Gilbert White Owl. After their marriage, the couple moved to Texas
for a short time. After their first child was born, they returned home to Mandaree. Upon returning, they were blessed with
three more children. Throughout her life, she worked at Killdeer Mountain Manufacturing, Mandaree Public School,
Northrup, MEC and the Elder Program.
After retiring, Josephine enjoyed traveling to all the casinos in Indian country, playing bingo, family time, and watching her
favorite team the Vikings.
Josephine is survived by her son; Gordon (Glory) White Owl, Mandaree, and daughter-Crystal White Owl, Bismarck,
Sisters; Lois Hale, Bismarck and Donna Standish, Mandaree. Grandchildren; Devon, Sheila, Dane, Shylee, Tasheena, Jasyln,
Devlyn Jo, Mcaylee, Collin and Colter. Great granddaughter– Haisley Ree and numerous nieces and nephews.
Preceded in death by her parents; Leo and Joyce Standish, husband-Gilbert White Owl, two daughters; Sheila and Loretha
White Owl and her brothers and sisters.
Page 27.
West S egment New s Octob er 2023
Obituary
In Loving Memory Of
Josephine Standish White Owl
November 30, 1956~September 18, 2023
Funeral Services:
Friday, September 22, 2023 at 11:00am
Wake Services:
Thursday, September 21, 2023 at 5:00pm
Water Chief Hall, Mandaree, ND
Water Chief Hall, Mandaree, ND
Officiant:
Jackie Sturm
Special Music:
Senior Pallbearer:
All Are Welcome
Ardella Fox
Eulogy:
Lou Demaray
Active Pallbearers:
Farewell:
Cante Red Wing
Jay Standish
Dion Standish
Fred Hale
Lane Standish
Gordon Hale
Ian Nelson
Charles Hale
Tom Nelson Jr.
Honorary Pallbearers:
Evelyn Wounded Face
Ann Grinnell
Cheryl Good Bird
Iris Jackson
Lovina Fox
Tiny Chapin
Verna Lone Bear
Terry Mae Blake
Gloria Powless
Casino Friends
Final Resting Place:
Independence Congregational Church
Mandaree, ND
Page 28.
West S egment New s October 2023
Obituary
Avalon Jane Hale “Yellow Top” was born December 6th, 1944 in Elbowoods, North Dakota to Martha Lone Fight Hale and
Anthony Hale Sr. Avalon died on September 21st, 2023 at St. Vincent’s Nursing Home in Bismarck, North Dakota. She was
a member of the “Low Cap” clan and a child of the “Water Buster.”
Avalon went to school at Marty Indian School up to her 8th grade year. Then attended Mandaree High School from her 9th
grade year until completion of her GED.
Avalon was married in April 1963 to Ernest Hand. They had two children; Sharon and Brandon Hand. She did two years at
Haskell Indian Jr College for Dentistry. She then attended UND in 1978. Avalon pursed a career in health care starting in
1979. She was an x-ray technician and laboratory technician for Minne Tohe. Then in 1980-1982 she worked for Rocky
Boy IHS in Box Elder, Montana. In 1982 she traveled to Ft. Duchesne, Utah to work as an x-ray technician and laboratory
technician. Then back to New Town in 1984. Her curiosity ended up taking her to Katzebue, Alaska in 1999. Lastly to
Burrow, Alaska in 2000 up until her retirement in 2002 from the government.
In 2015 she beat breast cancer then moved back to New Town to help take care of grandchildren. She then became a
paraprofessional for the Mandaree School until she retired. Avalon volunteered at the Elders Program as a Secretary, the St
Anthony’s Catholic Church with their annual Christmas Party.
Avalon loved spending time with her family, traveling, making shawls, jewelry, and blankets for family, fishing, and
spending time with her nieces, nephews, grandchildren, and great-granddaughter who called her Grandma Hugoo. While
living in Ft. Duchesne, she learned to can veggies.
She is survived by her daughter Sharon Hand, Grandchildren Leon Hand, Sasha Hand, Tristen Hand, Leighton Hand, Toni
Rose Hand, and Great Granddaughter Dalena Hand. brother James (Donita) Hale Sr., and sister Brenda Hale. Nephews John
(Eva) Twiss, Tony Twiss, Charlie (Daniela) Vigen, Melvin (Jenny) Hale, Rodney (Talana) Hale, Fred (Jamie) Hale, ChuckBob
(Lindsey) Hale, Jordan (Chelsea) Hale, Gordon (Marie) Hale, Dion Standish, and James Hale Jr. Nieces Sis (Patrick) Twiss,
Renae Fox, Lovette (Rod) Bruer, Anita Hall, Lenora (Sustayta), Avalon’s namesake Abby Hale, Renae Hale, LaDonna Hale,
Toni Marie Hale, Naticia Deane, Juanita Deane, Diana (Keith) Bear, Jamie Lee (John) Bercier, Tammi Hale.
Proceeded in death by her parents Anthony and Martha Hale, son Brandon Hand, husband Ernest Hand, brothers Anthony
Hale Sr., Nathan Hale, Leonard Hale, sisters Garcia White Bear, Theodora Starr, niece Dani Twiss, Connie White Bear, Julie
White Bear Ortiz, nephew Anthony White Bear Jr., and grandson Michael Ofor.
Page 29.
West S egment New s Octob er 2023
Obituary
In Loving Memory of Avalon Jane Hale
Aaga Ciirish “Yellow Top”
December 6, 1944~September 21, 2023
Wake Services:
Tuesday, September 26,2023 @ 5:00PM
Funeral Services:
Wednesday, September 27, 2023 @ 11:00AM
St. Anthony’s Catholic Church
Mandaree, North Dakota
St. Anthony’s Catholic Church
Officiating:
Father Roger A. Synek
Mandaree, North Dakota
Active Pallbearers:
Chris Volk
Darrell Bruce
Coty Red Bear
Kyle White Bear
Covey Hale
Rodney Hale
Tony Twiss
Charlie Vigen
Senior Pallbearer:
Marie Driver
Honorary Pallbearers:
Tom Mandan, Darcy Medicine Stone, Donna Duncan, Kevin Finley, Tillie Little
Soldier, Amanda Bird Bear, Tony Numkena, Joletta Bird Bear, Paula Danks,
Theodora Bird Bear, Thomas Young Bird, Veronica Serdahl, Gloria Fast Dog,
Chris Ann Demaray, Denise Helke, Jennifer Charging, Donna White Owl, Lisa
and Walter Deville, Mayda Logg, Quincy Baker, Vance Goodiron, and
numerous friends and family. Please forgive us if we have forgotten anyone,
for Avalon was loved by many.
Farewell Song:
Shell Creek
Final Resting Place:
St. Anthony’s Catholic Cemetery
Mandaree, ND
Page 30.
West S egment New s October 2023
Obituary
Arline Cecelia Bell-Charging “Geese Woman” was born September 26, 1926 to Walter Bell and Nora Bird Bear Bell. She was
born at home in the Independence community and was delivered at home by Gladys Turner. She was a genuine Knife Clan
member and was fluent in both Mandan and Hidatsa. Arline grew up riding horses and was raised by her grandmother,
Mrs. Foolish Woman, who taught her Mandan. She attended school at the Marty Indian Boarding School in South Dakota
and attended school up to the 9th grade. She then relocated to Fargo, ND with her friend Nina Turner-White Owl where
they both received jobs as dishwashers at a local cafe. Later in life she worked as a housekeeper for a nursing home and
was a childcare provider for the Three Affiliated Tribes.
In 1946, Arline met her husband David Charging Sr., and they were blessed with three children. They married and made
their home in Independence. David Sr., and Arline were very hard workers and provided everything for their children.
Together they passed many of these skills onto their children. Arline and David Sr., also taught their children the
importance of religion by attending church every Sunday. They also taught their kids the importance of their culture and
spirituality. Hidatsa was the only language spoken in their household. Origin and moral stories were told when everyone
was in bed.
Throughout her life, Arline had many hobbies and talents. She loved to sew and created many hobbies and talents. She
enjoyed gardening and grew food for her family. She canned their food and sold produce at the local farmers markets.
Arline would also dry meat/corn and enjoyed making cornballs for extra dollars. Arline spent her evenings listening to the
evening drum program on KMHA and also enjoyed playing bingo.
Arline was a devoted mother and grandmother to her family. She provided unconditional love for her family and made time
for each family member. She even assisted in raising her grandchildren and niece. She loved all children, and her day would
brighten every time she was able to hold a baby.
Arline had nine grandchildren, and twenty-seven great grandchildren and nine great-great grandchildren. She had many
other loved family members and friends. Arline was the matriarch of her family, and her presence will be missed every day.
Arline was preceded in death by her parents, Walter Bell and Nora Bird Bear-Bell; Grandmother; Mrs. Foolish Woman; Her
brothers; William Bell, Murphy Bell, Rodney Bell and Franklin Lone Fight. Sisters; Marie Fevold, Martha Ann Fredericks;
Sons; David Charging Jr., and Delphus Charging; Grandchildren; Baby Girl Fastdog, Baby Boy Fastdog and Valeri Fastdog-
Hosie; Great grandchildren; Baby Charging, Little Feather, and Baby Hosie.
Arline is survived by her daughter, Gloria Fast Dog, Grandchildren whom she raised; Rodney Dale Charging and Jennifer
Charging, Niece; Cynthia Hunts Along; Seven grandchildren and twenty-seven great grandchildren; and nine great-great
grandchildren and many nieces and nephews.
Page 31.
West S egment New s Octob er 2023
Obituary
In Loving Memory Of
Arline Cecelia Bell-Charging
“Dae Dek Mah”
Geese Woman
September 26, 1926~October 5, 2023
Wake Services:
Sunday, October 8, 2023 at 5:00pm
Funeral Services:
Monday, October 9, 2023 at 10:00am
Water Chief Hall
Water Chief Hall
Mandaree, North Dakota
Mandaree, North Dakota
Officiating:
Kevin Finley
Active Pallbearers:
Cody Serdahl
Jason White Owl
Walter DeVille Jr.
Jericole Hart
Justin Driver
Stoney Hart
Jesse Fevold
Jay Hale
Honorary Pallbearers:
Terry Claymore Blake Neal Hale
Rebecca Canyon
Lyda Bearstail
Ethel & Bill Reeves
Laurie Jepson
Rosemary Roundface Pam Amsden from Elbowoods Clinic
Vareena of the Good Sheperd home and Nurses at the
Good Sheperd home
Final Resting Place:
Independence Congregational Cemetery
Mandaree, North Dakota
Senior Pallbearer:
Charles Moran Sr.
Page 32.
West Segment New s O ctob er 2023
On behalf West Segment we would
like to extend our sincere condolences
to the families and relatives of
Josephine (Standish) White Owl,
Avalon Hale and Arline Charging.
Prayers of comfort to all the family
and relatives of the loss of their
beloved ones. Also extending our
sympathies to other segments who
have lost their loved ones.
From Councilwoman Gladys Sherry
Turner-Lone Fight and Personal.
All drivers we ask
that you watch for
our Trick or Treaters
as they walk around
in our community. All
goblins and ghosts be
careful when you are
out and about. Have
fun & be safe! From
West
Segment
personal.
Happy Birthday Wishes To Our
Elders!!
Marlene Fox
Carol Newman
Nelson Bird Bear
Tana Marvel
Maxine Buffalo
Dan Hall Sr.
Bonnie Hunts Along
Kathy Mann
Paul Rosario Sr.
Enjoy Your Special Day
Wishing you the best day Ever!!
Please forgive us if we forgot to mention your name, it
was not done intentionally.
This is a copy of a public record, reproduced as it was published. It is not legal advice, and it may not be the version a court would rely on. Check the official source before you cite it.