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Confederated Tribes of the
Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
Prepared with Assistance from:
Gibson Traffic Consultants, Inc.
December 2016
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.
2.
RESERVATION PROFILE ............................................................................................................... 1-1
1.1
INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................... 1-1
1.2
TRIBAL HISTORY.................................................................................................. 1-2
1.3
TRIBAL GOVERNMENT ........................................................................................ 1-2
1.4
ENVIRONMENT..................................................................................................... 1-3
1.5
FLOODING ............................................................................................................ 1-4
1.6
DEMOGRAPHICS.................................................................................................. 1-5
1.7
EMPLOYMENT ...................................................................................................... 1-8
1.8
LAND USE ........................................................................................................... 1-11
1.8.1 Primary Designation: Chehalis Forested Lands ....................................... 1-11
1.8.2 Residential Areas ..................................................................................... 1-11
1.8.3 Rural/Agricultural Lands ........................................................................... 1-14
1.8.4 Commercial Lands ................................................................................... 1-14
1.8.5 Sensitive Lands ........................................................................................ 1-15
1.8.6 Industrial Uses.......................................................................................... 1-15
1.8.7 Mixed Use ................................................................................................ 1-15
1.9
GOALS FOR CHEHALIS RESERVATION TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM ........ 1-15
1.9.1 Transportation Goals ................................................................................ 1-15
EXISTING TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE.................................................................... 2-1
2.1
OWNERSHIP OF ROADS ..................................................................................... 2-1
2.2
FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF ROADS ...................................................... 2-1
2.3
CONSTRUCTION NEED ....................................................................................... 2-3
2.4
NTTFI INVENTORY ............................................................................................... 2-4
2.5
ROADWAYS .......................................................................................................... 2-7
2.5.1 US-12 ......................................................................................................... 2-7
2.5.2 Moon Road ................................................................................................. 2-8
2.5.3 Howanut Road/188th Avenue SW ............................................................... 2-8
2.5.4 South Bank Road ....................................................................................... 2-9
2.5.5 Anderson Road ........................................................................................ 2-10
2.5.6 Grand Mound Area ................................................................................... 2-10
2.5.1 Rest Over Area......................................................................................... 2-11
2.5.2 Bigler Property.......................................................................................... 2-11
2.5.3 Others....................................................................................................... 2-11
2.6
BRIDGES ............................................................................................................. 2-11
2.6.1 Bridge Improvements ............................................................................... 2-11
2.6.2 Corrective Report Bridges ........................................................................ 2-12
2.7
ROAD SIGNS AND SIGNALS ............................................................................. 2-14
2.8
STREET LIGHTING ............................................................................................. 2-14
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3.
2.9
PEDESTRIAN FACILITIES .................................................................................. 2-15
2.9.1 Planned Improvements ............................................................................ 2-16
2.10
REGIONAL PUBLIC TRANSIT ............................................................................ 2-19
2.10.1 Rural & Tribal Transportation Program .................................................... 2-19
2.10.2 Thurston County ....................................................................................... 2-20
2.10.3 Grays Harbor County ............................................................................... 2-20
2.10.4 Lewis County ............................................................................................ 2-21
2.11
SCHOOL BUSES ................................................................................................. 2-22
2.12
CASINO BUS SERVICE ...................................................................................... 2-22
2.13
TRUCK AND FREIGHT TRAFFIC ....................................................................... 2-23
2.14
WATERWAYS...................................................................................................... 2-23
CIRCULATION DATA ...................................................................................................................... 3-1
3.1
EXISTING TRAFFIC DATA.................................................................................... 3-1
3.2
FUTURE TRAFFIC DATA ...................................................................................... 3-3
3.3
TRANSPORTATION SAFETY PLAN..................................................................... 3-5
3.4
US HIGHWAY 12 CHEHALIS SAFETY STUDY .................................................... 3-6
4.
TRANSPORTATION NEEDS .......................................................................................................... 4-1
5.
FUNDING RESOURCES ................................................................................................................. 5-1
5.1
TRIBAL TRANSPORTATION PROGRAM (TTP) ................................................... 5-1
5.2
WASHINGTON STATE TRANSPORTATION IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM
(STIP) ..................................................................................................................... 5-1
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTINUED)
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Existing Traffic Data............................................................................................ 3-2
Figure 2: 2036 Future Traffic Data ..................................................................................... 3-4
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Population, Chehalis Reservation, 2000 .............................................................. 1-6
Table 2: Population Distribution by Age and Gender, Chehalis Reservation, 2000........... 1-6
Table 3: Population by Race and Hispanic Origin, Chehalis Reservation, 2000 ............... 1-7
Table 4: Chehalis Reservation Roadway Ownership......................................................... 2-1
Table 5: Chehalis Reservation Roadway Classification..................................................... 2-2
Table 6: Chehalis Reservation Roadway Construction Need ............................................ 2-3
Table 7: Chehalis Reservation NTTFI Inventory ................................................................ 2-4
Table 8: Chehalis Reservation Bridge Inventory.............................................................. 2-13
Table 9: Existing Traffic Volumes ...................................................................................... 3-1
Table 10: 2036 Future Traffic Volumes.............................................................................. 3-3
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ACRONYMS
ADT
Average Daily Traffic
BIA
Bureau of Indian Affairs
CDP
Census Designated Place
CTR
Commute Trip Reduction
EDDS
Engineering Design and Development Standards
EIS
Environmental Impact Statement
GMA
Growth Management Act
GP
General Purpose
HCM
Highway Capacity Manual
HOV
High-Occupancy Vehicle
I-5
Interstate 5
LOS
Level of Service
LRTP
Long Range Transportation Plan
MTP
Métropolitain Transportation Plan
PSRC
Puget Sound Regional Council
RPEC
Regional Project Evaluation Committee
RTID
Regional Transportation Investment District
SAFETEA-LU
Safe, Affordable, Frequent, Efficient, Transportation Equity Act:
a Legacy for Users
SEPA
State Environmental Protection Agency
SOV
Single-Occupant Vehicle
SPUI
Single-Point-Urban-Interchange
SR
State Route
STP
Surface Transportation Program
TAZ
Transportation Analysis Zone
TDM
Transportation Demand Management
TIA
Transportation Improvement Account
TIB
Transportation Improvement Board
TIP
Transportation Improvement Program
TPP
Transportation Partnership Program
TSM
Transportation Systems Management
UGA
Urban Growth Area
V/C
Volume to Capacity ratio
VPD
Vehicles Per Day
WSDOT
Washington State Department of Transportation
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1.
1.1
RESERVATION PROFILE
INTRODUCTION
The Chehalis Reservation is situated approximately 26 miles southwest of Olympia and 6 miles
northwest of Centralia. The City of Oakville is adjacent to the northwest corner of the reservation.
Thurston and Grays Harbor Counties bisect the reservation's boundaries. Approximately 80
percent of the reservation lies within Grays Harbor County and 20 percent within Thurston County
boundaries. The majority of the reservation population resides on the Grays Harbor County side
of the county boundary.
The 5,245 acre Chehalis Reservation consists of a combination of land tenure including land
held in trust by the Department of the Interior for the tribal government (tribal trust) and
individual Indian landowners (allotted trust). There is also a large portion of land on the
Reservation that is not held in trust but is owned by Indian or non-Indian landowners (fee
simple). In the late 1990’s, the Chehalis Tribe began to purchase alienated lands within the
reservation and fee lands adjacent to the reservation. Since that time, over 914 acres on
reservation and 689 acres off reservation have been purchased to aid the Tribe’s economic
development, housing, and land conservation programs.
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1.2
TRIBAL HISTORY
Historically, the Chehalis Indian people occupied a large area within the Chehalis River
watershed, stretching from the foothills of the Cascade Mountains to the Pacific Ocean in
Southwest Washington. The tribe has been located on a reservation within the Chehalis River
watershed since 1850, although important historic and archeological sites are scattered
throughout the tribe’s aboriginal area. Chehalis is a collective name for several Salishan tribes that
lived on the Chehalis River. The name “Chehalis” means sand, originally referred to a village near
the present-day town of Westport and later came to be applied to the river and the people living
upriver.
The Chehalis did not sign a treaty but by executive order in 1864 land was set aside for a Chehalis
Reservation. The Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation was formed and approved by
the federal government in 1939 and its constitution was amended in 1973.
1.3
TRIBAL GOVERNMENT
The Chehalis tribal governing body is the General Council, which is comprised of all enrolled
members 18 years of age and older. The General Council meets monthly, annually in November
and may also convene special meetings. The Business Committee, a five-member body elected
to the specific office by the General Council for two-year terms, oversees tribal administration and
business. The Business Committee is composed of the Tribal Chairman, Vice Chairman,
Secretary, Treasurer, and Fifth Council Member.
Tribal administrative functions are overseen by a General Manager who works directly under, and
receives policy direction from, the tribal Business Committee. The General Manager oversees
tribal operations and services through a departmental structure. The Tribe's organizational
structure and management systems provide for separation of policy-making and management
functions, and also for clear lines of authority within the organization.
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1.4
ENVIRONMENT
The Chehalis Reservation is located in southwestern Washington State in a river valley formed
by the confluence of the Black River and the Chehalis River. The reservation is 5,245 acres in
size and consists of agricultural areas, residential neighborhoods and forested stands. The
valley is bordered by the mountains of Capitol Forest to the north and by the Doty Hills to the
south. The climate is predominantly a marine type, with cool summers and mild but rainy
winters.
The Chehalis Reservation is dominated by the current and historical paths taken by the Chehalis
and Black rivers. The current river channels within the reservation contain approximately 10 river
miles of the Chehalis River and approximately 3 river miles of the Black River, upstream from the
mouth of the river. There are many wetlands, sloughs and oxbow ponds that are remnants of old
river channels. Tribal members utilize the river in many ways but primarily for harvesting of
salmon, in their usual and accustomed fishing sites along the river, as has been done for many
generations. The principle fish harvested are: Spring Chinook Salmon, Coho Salmon, Fall Chum
Salmon, Fall/Summer Chinook Salmon and Winter Steelhead.
Historically surrounded by thick forests, the Chehalis Reservation currently has over 2700 acres
of forested stands. There are many stands of White Oak and Douglas Fir, as well as, riparian
areas consisting of a mixture of Western Red Cedar, Big Leaf Maple, Cottonwoods and Alder
trees. Many of the stands are second growth populations due to the heavy logging that occurred
here within the past 100 years.
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The regular flooding of the rivers has created fertile soils in the valley. The rich soils combined
with the long growing season, provide a productive agricultural zone. Agriculture became
prevalent in the valley and on the reservation once European settlers moved to the area in the
late 1800’s. There are approximately 1100 acres of land used for raising crops like hay or alfalfa,
or as pasture lands to raise livestock.
The large quantity of wetlands, riparian areas and water features along with unique land features
such as acres of natural prairie lands, provide habitat for a great variety of flora and fauna. Some
of the major animal species found in the area include; Elk from the Olympic Elk Herd, White Tailed
Deer, River Otters, Opossums, Raccoons, Bald Eagles, Great Blue Herons, Kingfishers and
Osprey. Unique flora found on the reservation include: Camas, Shooting Stars, Wild Strawberries
and White Oak.
1.5
FLOODING
The Chehalis Reservation is located within a major floodplain and subject to minor flooding events
up to five times annually. These flood events, while characterized as minor, may limit access to
areas of the reservation including residential and commercial areas causing business and
homeowners to be isolated from services for periods up to two days and may impact water and
waste water systems. These events may require evacuation of non-residents. This type of
flooding occurs throughout the reservation, covering up to two-thirds of the reservation for periods
of one or more days.
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Major flooding occurs with a frequency of about every 2.6 years, as determined by the Corps of
Engineers, and may limit access to the reservation through the closure of the adjacent state
highway and Reservation access roads. These events limit access to significant portions of the
reservation for periods of one or more days, isolate all categories of lands, may cause failure to
water and waste water systems, require immediate evacuation of non-residents and severely limit
access to basic goods and services. This type of flooding may also contribute to the formation of
swift moving floodways capable of significantly endangering residents and their property. In the
last three decades, the Chehalis Reservation has experienced several very large floods, including
the 1986, 1990, 1996 and 2007 floods, each of which ranked as a flood of record.
Flooding within the Chehalis Reservation restricts access to the Reservation for periods of one or
more days, isolating portions of the Reservation, and may cause failure of individual water and
waste water systems. Flooding of Chehalis Reservation lands requires immediate evacuation of
non-residents, evacuation of residents (that is, keeping people within a building or other location
while a dangerous situation exists outside the building or location), and severely limits access to
basic goods and services. The consequences of floods within the Chehalis Reservation have
been very costly in terms of human life, property and economic health. Significant damage has
occurred to public and private investments, interrupted public services and schools and closed
businesses. Flooding from 15-year and greater recurrence interval storms is severe, and
endangers roads and many structures within the floodplain.
1.6
DEMOGRAPHICS
Figures from the 2000 Census show a Chehalis Reservation population of 691 persons. This is
an increase of 41 percent over the 1990 Census. This is a significantly high growth rate. In
comparison, Grays Harbor county population increased 4.7 percent, and Thurston County
population increased 28.6 percent. Across Washington State, American Indian/Alaska Native
populations increased 29 percent over 1990 census figures. The existing census data is
summarized in Table 1 and the population distribution by age and gender is summarized in Table
2. The population by race and Hispanic origin is summarized in Table 3.
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Table 1: Population, Chehalis Reservation, 2000
Population
Tribal Enrollment
Service Population
1990
2000
Growth
1990-2000
2000
2003
2000
2003
491
691
41%
629
688
2,143
3,436
Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census
Table 2: Population Distribution by Age and Gender, Chehalis Reservation, 2000
Age
0-4
5-14
15-19
20-24
25-34
35-44
45-54
55-64
65-74
75+
Total
Male
22
42
42
22
36
37
35
25
8
5
274
Female
28
69
37
26
31
46
40
21
12
4
314
Percentage
9%
19%
13%
8%
11%
14%
13%
8%
3%
2%
100%
Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census
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5,894,121
691
Total
Population
190,267
3%
White
Alone
239
35%
4,821,823
82%
93,301
2%
Indian &
Alaska
Native
Alone
388
56%
322,335
5%
Asian
Alone
0
0%
23,953
0%
Hawaiian
& Other
Pacific
Islander
0
0%
228,923
4%
Other
Race
Alone
12
2%
5,680,602
96%
Total
Single
Race
642
93%
213,519
4%
Two or
More
Races
Total
49
7%
441,509
7%
Hispanic2
Origin
52
8%
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Explanations: 1The 2000 Census was the first time that respondents were given the option of selecting one or more categories to indicate their racial identities. For this reason, the
2000 Census data on race are not directly comparable with data from the 1990 Census or earlier Censuses. 2 The federal government considers race and Hispanic origin to be two
separate and distinct concepts. Persons of Hispanic origin can be of any race.
Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census
Washington State
Chehalis Reservation
Jurisdiction
Black/
African
American
Alone
3
0%
Total Population by Race1
Table 3: Population by Race and Hispanic Origin, Chehalis Reservation, 2000
The U.S. Bureau of Indian Affairs, U.S. Labor Force Report for 2005 shows an enrolled tribal
population for the Chehalis Reservation of 728 and a service population, i.e. enrolled and nonenrolled Indians living on and near the reservation and those non-Indians with familial or economic
ties to the reservation receiving services, of 3,453.
Census 2000 data indicates a young population on the Reservation, with 44 percent of the
population under the age of 19, and a median age of 24.5 years. By contrast, the median age in
Grays Harbor County is 38.8 years, and in Thurston County, 36.5 years.
With the Tribe's service population, the unemployment rate, as a percentage of the labor force, is
10 percent. The number of employed persons with incomes below poverty level is 21 percent of
the employed labor force.
1.7
EMPLOYMENT
Traditionally, the Chehalis people made their living in forestry, fishing, and hunting. Today,
government services and tribal food and entertainment enterprises are the primary sources of
employment on the reservation.
Chehalis tribal administration and services employs about 262 people, including full time, parttime, and contracted positions within nine departments. Tribal government provides extensive
community services including the Chehalis Tribal Health Clinic, Behavioral Health services, Head
Start and Early Head Start, Youth Center, law enforcement, corrections, tribal court, child and
family services, natural resources management, and the Chehalis Tribal Housing Authority.
Tribal Government has become a major regional employer. The Chehalis Tribe operates a
casino, two hotels, two gas stations, two construction companies, and a cigarette stamping
operation. Tribal enterprises operated by the Chehalis Tribe are as follows:
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Lucky Eagle Casino and Hotel – This successful 140,000 sq ft casino opened in 1995 as one
of the first Indian casinos under the Washington State tribal gaming compacts. The Lucky Eagle
Casino operates Class II and III gaming which includes slot machines, table games, and bingo.
In addition to gaming, the Lucky Eagle has an entertainment venue and four restaurants including
a buffet. The Lucky Eagle Casino and hotel employs 775 people. The Hotel is located adjacent
to the Lucky Eagle Casino, this 176-room hotel opened in 2005. The hotel offers both rooms and
suites, a slot gaming area, heated indoor pool, spa and covered walkway to the casino. In the
recent renovation of the Hotel, three meeting spaces have been made available for conferences
and events.
Great Wolf Lodge Resort & Convention Center – In March of 2008 the Chehalis Tribe opened
the Great Wolf Lodge, which is a 398-room resort hotel that includes a 78,000 sq ft water park
and 30,000 sq ft conference center. The property is a joint venture between Great Wolf Resorts
and the Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation. Great Wolf Resorts operates a chain
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of Northwood theme hotels with indoor water parks, with 12 resorts throughout the U.S. The
Grand Mound property is the chain's first resort located in the Pacific Northwest. The Great Wolf
Lodge employs 593 people.
End of the Trail II & III – The Chehalis Tribe operates two gas stations. There are a total of
44 employees at the End of the Trail stores.
End of the Trail II is located on the corner of Hwy 12 and Anderson Road. This mini-mart
has a self-service gas station. Along with the usual snack food items and beverages, End
of the Trail II also sells cigarettes and other tobacco products.
The newest convenience store built by the Chehalis Tribe is the End of the Trail III, which
opened in 2009. This mini-mart is located next to the Great Wolf Lodge Resort &
Convention Center in Grand Mound and has a gas station, snacks and beverages, and
drive-through cigarette sales.
Confederated Construction Company (CCC) – The Chehalis Tribe full owner of Confederated
Construction Company (CCC), an excavating contractor. Confederated Construction Company
has five employees.
Cigarette Stamping – The Chehalis Tribe is one of 19 tribes with a cigarette tax compact with
the state of Washington. The compact allows the Chehalis Tribe to collect a tobacco tax on
cigarettes sold at Chehalis Tribe operated stores in lieu of the state’s tax on cigarettes. The
Chehalis Tribe’s cigarette stamping, which employs three people, stamps all cigarette packs with
the Chehalis tribal tax stamp.
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1.8
LAND USE
In 2004 the Tribe adopted its first Comprehensive Land Use Plan and implementing Zoning
Ordinance. Discussed below are the land use categories which are divided into five (5) zones:
Chehalis Forested Lands, Rural/Agricultural, Commercial, Residential and (Environmental and
Cultural) Sensitive Lands. Sensitive Lands may overlay any other zone.
1.8.1
Primary Designation: Chehalis Forested Lands
Chehalis Forested. The purposes of this zone are: (1) to assure that development does not occur
in floodplains or channel migration zones that pose an unreasonable hazard to lives, property,
and water quality; (2) preserve the natural rural character of the reservation; and (3) preserve or
rehabilitate larger contiguous tracts of land for forest resource management. Due to the unique
character of the reservation, that includes extensive river channel migration zones and
floodplains, this zoning designation functions as a default designation in the absence of any other
designation.
1.8.2
Residential Areas
Residential. The purpose of this designation is to provide adequate space for housing for present
and future tribal members and reservation residents.
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1.8.2.1
Core Residential Area
The Core Residential area is located along the north and south sides of Howanut and on both
sides of Anderson Road. Tribal government administration, housing authority, public safety,
health and social services are located within this area. Residential uses include HUD housing
developments located at Makum Road and Tahown Road, both homeownership developments,
and a third HUD rental development on Davis Road. This area also includes tribal member homes
constructed on individual trust allotments. This land has been the traditional development area
within the reservation due to its location above the 100 year floodplain. Community water, roads
and other utilities have been developed within this area over the past 140 years.
The Tahown neighborhood is a high density HUD Homeownership development bordered by
Anderson Road and Howanut Road. Utilities are limited and include community water, power,
cable and telephone. The development is served by a community septic system.
The Makum neighborhood is a high density HUD Homeownership development along Howanut
and bordered on the west by Niederman Road, adjacent to the Chehalis Tribal Complex. Utilities
are limited and include community water, power, cable and telephone. All homes are on individual
septic systems. Undeveloped land north of Howanut, adjacent to the Makum development is also
suitable for residential development.
The Davis Road neighborhood is a high density HUD rental development off Niederman Road
adjacent to the Chehalis Tribal Complex. Utilities are somewhat limited and include community
water, power, cable and telephone. Apartment rental units, multi-family and single family rental
units are clustered around the Chehalis Tribal Housing Authority administrative facilities. A
community septic system serves the development. Additional housing within this area, known as
the Fern Dr. neighborhood, consists of single family rental homes with individual septic system.
Privately owned homes sites and a church are currently located west of Anderson Road, adjacent
to the Tahown area. Lands on both side of 188th from Anderson Road west to the parcel occupied
by tribal enterprises are designated residential.
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1.8.2.2
Oakes Residential Area
Additional residential uses are provided in The Oakes, a high density, Planned Unit Development
located adjacent to the City of Oakville. The Oakes is a 9.52 acre parcel, located above the
floodplain and is permitted for up to 15 units, each with individual septic systems. No tribal utilities
are provided. The Oakes does not have any tribal water rights and developed parcels are currently
served by the City of Oakville. The Mitchell development adjacent to the Oakes is also a platted
residential development and is included in this designation.
1.8.2.3
Vosper Residential Area
This property is in trust for the Tribe and federal funds have been committed to its development
as a medium density development with mixed low to moderate income, single family housing. The
first phase, consisting of two five-plex units, was completed in 2007. These units provide rental
housing to Native American families and individuals. In addition to these, 2 duplexes were added
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in 2016. An additional 19 lots are reserved for homeownership. Of these 19 lots, 11 homes have
been built and are now occupied by Tribal families. A Community Park was added in 2015 leaving
3-4 lots still available for future development. The Vosper Residential area is located off Balch
Road and above the 100-year floodplain. Land adjoining the Vosper development area and above
the 100-year flood plain is also designated residential as described below.
1.8.2.4
Rural Residential Area
Low density rural residences have been developed at scattered sites throughout the Reservation,
including individual trust allotments and non-Indian residences, as large undeveloped land parcels
have been divided over the years into primary use as residences. Typical non-Indian rural
residences vary from a density of one unit per acre to densities of one unit per ten acres. Individual
trust allotments may have existing greater densities, usually consisting of a main residence and
smaller residences of related family members within a larger allotment. Current uses also include
individual leisure and recreation uses, such as vacation homes and family camping uses.
Lands in the western portion of the reservation, including those located along Balch, South Bank
and Cemetery Roads contain scattered areas of non-Indian and Indian low to medium density
residential development on a checkerboard of fee simple and trust lands and are generally
suitable for further Indian and non-Indian residential development, up to one unit per five acres.
This area abuts the Oakes Residential and Vosper Residential areas, is above the 100-year flood
plan and is suitable for further rural residential development.
Development will be permitted on rural and residential lands upon review of utilities, suitable soils
for septic installation, existing development patterns and environmentally and culturally sensitive
areas for rural residential development to densities of one dwelling unit per acre. Development
must conform to the Chehalis Building Ordinance and will serve as the primary Rural Residential
use area for the Reservation.
1.8.2.5
Planned Unit Developments
The Chehalis Business Committee may approve Planned Unit Developments containing
apartments, duplexes or multi-family units on lots under one acre, and single family dwellings on
lots one acre or less to provide affordable housing within residential designations under the
Special Permit process.
Planned Unit Developments may not be located within the floodplain due to the chronic nature of
flooding on the reservation and the impacts of such flooding on water, waste water and roads
systems; the inability of the jurisdiction to assure the safety of residents residing in areas during
frequent flood events; and the lack of access to roadways and services during annual flood
events.
1.8.3
Rural/Agricultural Lands
The purpose of this zone is to preserve small farm land use in areas subject to flooding and less
suitable for development.
1.8.4
Commercial Lands
The purpose of this designation is to enhance the economic and employment opportunities and
services for reservation residents by designating lands suitable for businesses.
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1.8.5
Sensitive Lands
The purpose of this designation/overlay is to identify those lands that are either uniquely sensitive
to the impacts of development or where development poses an unreasonable threat to the health
and welfare of reservation residents. All bodies of water on the reservation are designated as
sensitive areas, including the lands immediately adjacent and bordering waterways as shown in
the list below:
Both banks of the Chehalis River, and
Land from the river bank 300 ft landward from the bank within the Reservation exterior
boundaries, and
Both banks of the Black River, and
Land adjacent to the Black River 300 ft from the river bank of both sides, and
Both banks of Willamette Creek, and
Land adjacent to Willamette Creek 150 ft from the creek banks on both sides.
1.8.6
Industrial Uses
The Tribe has chosen not to have an Industrial zone. The location of industrial activities within
the reservation would significantly impact the reservation's natural features, air and water quality
and degrade the quality of life for residents. The reservation's small land base, located primarily
within a natural flood plain, is bounded by sensitive areas including rivers, creeks, several
community cemeteries and areas of significance to the heritage and culture of the Chehalis
people. Other contributing factors to this decision were the high water table, soil type, lack of
community water and sewer services and the fact the reservation is located within an active
floodplain.
1.8.7
Mixed Use
The purpose of this designation is to allow complimentary land uses including commercial and
certain other uses to enhance economic and employment opportunities, and to provide adequate
and diverse residential options for reservation residents.
1.9
GOALS FOR CHEHALIS RESERVATION TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM
This LRTP identifies the basic goals and objectives of the transportation system. These goals are
based on the vision for the Chehalis Reservation and input from Tribal Council, staff and
community input.
1.9.1
Transportation Goals
1. Provide a comprehensive transportation system that encompasses all modes of
transportation, including automobile, pedestrian, bicycle, transit and boating.
2. Provide a safe and efficient transportation system to and within the Chehalis Reservation.
3. Provide a transportation system which is context sensitive and preserves the rural
character of the reservation.
4. Provide a transportation system which fosters and supports economic development and
increases employment opportunities for community members.
5. Provide a transportation system compliant with the Chehalis Tribe flood hazard ordinance.
6. Provide a transportation system which is compatible with the preservation and restoration
of the natural function of the Willamette Creek, Black River and Chehalis River.
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
1-15
December 2016
2.
EXISTING TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE
This section of the LRTP describes the existing transportation system conditions in the study area.
This includes a description of the roadway characteristics, functional classification, pedestrian
and bicycle facilities and transit service.
2.1
OWNERSHIP OF ROADS
The Chehalis Reservation Transportation Plan includes over 60 miles of roads under the
jurisdiction of the Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation, the Bureau of Indian Affairs
(BIA), the State of Washington, Grays Harbor and Thurston Counties, and private owners. The
ownership of the roadways is summarized in Table 4.
Table 4: Chehalis Reservation Roadway Ownership
Ownership
BIA
Tribal
WSDOT
City of Oakville
Grays Harbor County
Thurston County
Total
Mileage
1.9
5.2
25.0
2.2
7.0
23.7
65.0
The data in Table 4 includes routes that are not currently “Official” as of the date of this report.
2.2
FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF ROADS
The Chehalis Tribe is utilizing the BIA Functional Classification for roads which consists of an
analysis of transportation facilities taking into account current and future traffic generators, and
their relationship to connecting or adjacent BIA, state, county, federal, and/or local roads, and
other intermodal facilities. The Functional Classification is used to delineate the difference
between the various road and/or intermodal transportation facility standards eligible for funding
under the National Tribal Transportation Facility Inventory (NTTFI) program.
Transportation facilities are classified according to the following functional classifications:
Class 1 Roads: Major arterial roads providing an integrated network with characteristics
for serving traffic between large population centers, generally without stub connections
and having average daily traffic volumes of 10,000 vehicles per day or more. These
roadways may have more than two lanes of traffic.
Class 2 Roads: Rural minor arterial roads providing an integrated network having the
characteristics for serving traffic between large population centers, generally without stub
connections. May also link smaller towns and communities to major resort areas that
attract travel over long distances and generally provide for relatively high overall travel
speeds with minimum interference to through traffic movement. Generally provide for at
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
2-1
December 2016
least inter-county or inter-state service and are spaced at intervals consistent with
population density. This class of road will have less than 10,000 vehicles per day.
Class 3 Roads: Streets located within communities serving residential areas.
Class 4 Roads: Rural major collector road is collector to rural local roads
Class 5 Roads: Rural local road that is either a section line and/or stub type road and
make connections within the grid of the road inventory system. This class of road may
serve areas around villages, into farming areas, to schools, tourist attractions, or various
small enterprises. Also included are roads and motorized trails for administration of
forests, grazing, mining, oil, recreation, or other use purposes
Class 6 Roads: City minor arterial streets that are located within communities, and serve
as access to major arterials.
Class 7 Roads: City collector streets that are located within communities and serve as
collectors to the city local streets.
Class 8 Roads: This class encompasses all non-road projects such as paths, trails,
walkways, or other designated types of routes for public use by foot traffic, bicycles, trail
bikes, snowmobiles, all-terrain vehicles, or other uses to provide for the general access of
non-vehicular traffic.
Class 9 Roads: This classification encompasses other transportation facilities such as
public parking facilities adjacent to inventory routes and scenic byways, rest areas, and
other scenic pullouts, ferry boat terminals, and transit terminals.
The classification of roadways currently in the NTTFI is summarized in Table 5.
Table 5: Chehalis Reservation Roadway Classification
Classification
Class 1 – Major Arterial
Class 2 – Rural Minor Arterial
Class 3 – Residential
Class 4 – Rural Major Collector
Class 5 – Rural Local
Total
Mileage
25.0
2.4
14.5
20.6
2.5
65.0
The data in Table 5 includes routes that are not currently “Official” as of the date of this report.
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
2-2
December 2016
2.3
CONSTRUCTION NEED
The Chehalis Tribe is utilizing the BIA Construction Need coding system which is used in cost to
construct calculations. In the BIA Construction Need coding system, transportation facilities are
assigned a Construction Need using the following guidelines:
Ownership or responsibility of the facility
Within or provides access to the reservation or communities in which the majority of the
residents are Indian
Vital to the economic development of the Tribe
A summary of the Construction Need codes are as follows:
Construction Need 0: Transportation facilities which have been improved to their
acceptable standard, or projects/facilities proposed to receive construction funds on an
NTTFI.
Construction Need 1: Existing BIA Roads needing improvement.
Construction Need 2: Construction need other than BIA roads needing improvement.
Construction Need 3: Substandard or other roads for which no improvements are planned
(maintenance only).
Construction Need 4: Roads that do not currently exist and need to be constructed,
proposed roads.
The construction need of roadways currently in the NTTFI is summarized in Table 6.
Table 6: Chehalis Reservation Roadway Construction Need
Classification
Construction Need 0
Construction Need 1
Construction Need 2
Construction Need 3
Construction Need 4
Total
Mileage
0.3
1.9
61.2
1.6
0.0
65.0
The data in Table 6 includes routes that are not currently “Official” as of the date of this report.
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
2-3
December 2016
2.4
NTTFI INVENTORY
The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) uses the NTTFI Inventory to determine funding for planning
and construction of roads providing access to areas of interest for the Chehalis Reservation. A
list of the roads that are currently in the inventory, need to be updated or need to be added are
listed in Table 7.
Table 7: Chehalis Reservation NTTFI Inventory
Construction
Roadway
Length
Route-Section #
Status
Ownership
Classification
Need
Makum Lane
0.1 Miles
0001-5
Official
BIA
3
1
Davis Drive
0.1 Miles
0002-5
Official
BIA
3
1
Petoie Lane
0.1 Miles
0003-5
Official
BIA
3
1
Parsons Drive
0.1 Miles
0004-5
Official
BIA
3
1
Fern Drive
0.1 Miles
0005-5
Official
BIA
3
1
Oak Lane
0.1 Miles
0005-10
Official
BIA
3
1
Tahown Drive
0.2 Miles
0006-10
Official
BIA
3
1
Lacamus Lane
0.1 Miles
0.2 Miles
0.3 Miles
Bridge
0.5 Miles
0.3 Miles
2.4 Miles
Bridge
1.4 Miles
0.6 Miles
Bridge
0.6 Miles
0.6 Miles
0.3 Miles
Bridge
0.1 Miles
Bridge
0.5 Miles
0.7 Miles
0.5 Miles
0.6 Miles
0.5 Miles
0.3 Miles
0.2 Miles
Bridge
0.1 Miles
0.2 Miles
Bridge
0.2 Miles
Bridge
1.0 Miles
1.0 Miles
0007-5
0008-5
0008-10
0008-15
0008-20
0008-25
0009-5
0009-10
0009-15
0009-20
0009-25
0009-30
0009-35
0010-5
0010-10
0010-15
0010-20
0010-25
0010-30
0011-10
0012-5
0012-10
0013-5
0014-5
0014-10
0014-15
0014-20
0014-25
0014-30
0014-35
0014-40
0015-5
Official
BIA
3
1
Official
Thurston County
4
2
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
3
5
2
2
2
2
3
2
2
2
3
2
3
4
3
4
4
4
4
3
4
3
2
Moon Road
183rd Avenue SW
188th Avenue SW
River Road
Pearson Road
Secena Road
Anderson Road
Balch Road
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
Official
Thurston County
Official
Thurston County
In-Process
Official
Chehalis Tribe
BIA
Grays Harbor County
Chehalis Tribe
Official
Thurston County
Official
Grays Harbor County
Official
2-4
2
2
2
December 2016
Table 7 (continued): Chehalis Reservation NTTFI Inventory
Construction
Roadway
Howanut Road
Fitzgerald Road
Niederman Road
Cemetery Road
South Bank Road
Prairie Lane
Tomahawk Lane
Albany Street
Marble Street
Independence Road
Old Highway 99
Case Road
Length
0.8 Miles
Bridge
0.6 Miles
Bridge
0.4 Miles
Bridge
0.2 Miles
Bridge
0.5 Miles
Bridge
0.5 Miles
0.2 Miles
0.6 Miles
Route-Section #
0016-5
0016-10
0016-15
0016-20
0016-25
0016-30
0016-35
0016-40
0016-45
0016-50
0016-55
0016-60
0017-5
0.9 Miles
0.5 Miles
0.3 Miles
1.4 Miles
Bridge
0.2 Miles
0018-5
0019-5
0019-10
0020-5
0020-10
0021-5
0.2 Miles
0.3 Miles
0.2 Miles
0.4 Miles
Bridge
0.4 Miles
0.8 Miles
Bridge
1.8 Miles
0.5 Miles
Bridge
1.5 Miles
0.6 Miles
Bridge
1.0 Miles
0022-5
0023-5
0023-10
0024-5
0024-10
0024-15
0025-5
0025-10
0025-15
0026-5
0026-10
0026-15
0027-5
0027-10
0027-15
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
Status
Classification
Need
4
2
Official
Ownership
Chehalis Tribe
Chehalis Tribe
Chehalis Tribe
Chehalis Tribe
Chehalis Tribe
Chehalis Tribe
Chehalis Tribe
Chehalis Tribe
Chehalis Tribe
Chehalis Tribe
Chehalis Tribe
Grays Harbor County
Grays Harbor County
3
2
Official
Chehalis Reservation
3
2
Official
Grays Harbor County
3
2
Official
Grays Harbor County
4
2
Official
BIA
3
1
Official
BIA
3
1
Official
Thurston County
4
2
Official
Thurston County
3
4
4
3
2
2
Official
Thurston County
4
2
Official
Thurston County
2
2
Official
Thurston County
4
2
2
3
Official
2-5
December 2016
Table 7 (continued): Chehalis Reservation NTTFI Inventory
Construction
Roadway
Blockhouse Road
Length
Bridge
Bridge
1.0 Miles
Bridge
1.5 Miles
Bridge
2.0 Miles
Bridge
1.1 Miles
Bridge
0.5 Miles
Bridge
0.6 Miles
Bridge
0.5 Miles
0.4 Miles
Bridge
1.1 Miles
Bridge
3.3 Miles
Bridge
2.5 Miles
Bridge
1.9 Miles
Bridge
2.5 Miles
Bridge
1.5 Miles
Bridge
4.5 Miles
Bridge
0.1 Miles
0.4 Miles
Route-Section #
0028-5
0028-10
0028-15
0028-20
0028-25
0028-30
0028-35
0028-40
0028-45
0028-50
0028-55
0028-60
0028-65
0028-70
0028-75
0028-80
0028-85
0028-90
0028-95
0028-100
0028-105
0028-110
0028-115
0028-120
0028-125
0028-130
0028-135
0028-140
0028-145
0028-150
0028-155
0028-160
0029-5
Elma Gate Road
2.1 Miles
0030-5
State Street
0.5 Miles
0031-5
Newton Street
0.1 Miles
Oak Street
0.6 Miles
Highway 12
Status
Ownership
Classification
Need
Official
WSDOT
1
2
Official
Grays Harbor County
4
2
Official
Grays Harbor County
4
2
Official
City of Oakville
3
2
0035-5
Official
City of Oakville
3
2
0036-5
Official
City of Oakville
3
2
Eagle Street
0.4 Miles
0037-5
Official
City of Oakville
3
2
Fairview Street
0.2 Miles
0038-5
Official
City of Oakville
3
2
185th Avenue SW
0.1 Miles
0039-5
Official
Thurston County
3
2
195th Avenue W
0.2 Miles
0040-5
Official
Thurston County
3
2
Forstrom Street
0.6 Miles
0041-5
Official
Thurston County
3
2
Ash Street
0.1 Miles
0042-5
Official
City of Oakville
3
2
School Street
0.2 Miles
0043-5
Official
City of Oakville
3
2
School Land Road
2.0 Miles
0044-5
Official
Thurston County
3
2
Sickman Loop
0.3 Miles
0045-5
Official
Chehalis Reservation
3
0
Park Street
0.1 Miles
0046-5
Official
City of Oakville
3
2
Billie Mills Road
0.3 Miles
0047-5
Official
Thurston County
5
2
216th Avenue SW
0.1 Miles
0048-5
Official
Thurston County
5
2
Tah Qwee Win Road
0.1 Miles
0049-10
In-Process
Chehalis Reservation
5
2
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
2-6
December 2016
Table 7 (continued): Chehalis Reservation NTTFI Inventory
Construction
Roadway
Sargent Road
193rd Avenue SW
Length
0.7 Miles
0.4 Miles
0.6 Miles
Route-Section #
0050-10
0050-20
0051-10
Status
Ownership
In-Process
Thurston County
In-Process
Thurston County
Classification
4
5
5
Need
2
2
196th Avenue SW
0.4 Miles
0052-10
In-Process
Thurston County
2
2
Vision Drive
0.1 Miles
0053-10
In-Process
Thurston County
3
2
Edinger-Morris Street
0.1 Miles
0054-10
In-Process
Thurston County
3
2
Florence Lane
0.1 Miles
0055-10
In-Process
Chehalis Reservation
5
2
197th Avenue SW
0.2 Miles
0056-10
In-Process
Thurston County
5
3
198th Avenue SW
0.2 Miles
0057-10
In-Process
Thurston County
5
2
2.5
ROADWAYS
The Chehalis Reservation consists primarily of 2-lane roadways with minimal or no shoulders and
limited pedestrian facilities. There is little to no illumination or channelization, except at the major
intersections and along the frontage of new development. Many of the roadways have deep
ditches or follow watercourses, but lack clear zone or guardrail and do not meet AASHTO or
county standards.
2.5.1
US-12
US-12 provides the primary access to the Chehalis Reservation and is a 2-lane roadway with
shoulders and channelization. The posted speed limit along US-12 is 55 mph outside of Oakville
and Rochester, where is decreases to 30 mph. There are 3 to 6-foot shoulders along most of its
length except at narrow bridge crossings. There is channelization and illumination at most major
intersections. There have been significant collisions along US-12, including fatalities. As a result
of these collisions, improvements at the main accesses to the Chehalis Reservation have been
identified in the US Highway 12 Chehalis Safety Study.
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
2-7
December 2016
2.5.2
Moon Road
Moon Road is a 2-lane roadway that is a back-road access to the Lucky Eagle Casino and to
residential areas on 183rd Avenue SW. The roadway has minimal shoulders with a posted speed
limit of 35 mph. The roadway carries approximately 3,400 daily trips.
2.5.3
Howanut Road/188th Avenue SW
Howanut Road/188th Avenue SW is the main east-west roadway through the Chehalis
Reservation. The Lucky Eagle Casino and the tribal administration facilities are located along
Howanut Road/188th Avenue SW. Major intersections include Anderson Road and Niederman
Road. The roadway is posted 35 mph, but there is a temporary 25 mph speed limit near the Lucky
Eagle Casino due to construction. There are approximately 1,500 daily trips west of Anderson
Road and over 2,000 daily trips east of Anderson Road. Howanut Road to the west has shoulders
that vary from 0 to 4 feet and there are several curves without guardrail and inadequate warning
signs. As Howanut Road progresses west of Niederman Road the daily volumes drop to
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
2-8
December 2016
approximately 750 ADT, but the speeds increase to 43 mph even though the posted speed
remains 35 mph.
The Howanut Road realignment was completed in 2012. The purpose of the realignment was to
create a safer roadway that is used by many people of the Chehalis tribal community as it
connects many of the residents of the Reservation to Oakville and transports students from the
reservation to Oakville school district. The land where the realignment took place was primarily
pasture and grazing land for cattle. By completing this project, the access to the Fish Hatchery
was made easier to the tribal employees and community members.
2.5.4
South Bank Road
South Bank Road is on the west side of the reservation and carries approximately 1,250 daily
trips with a posted speed limit of 35 mph. There does not have illumination or separated
pedestrian facilities, despite the presence of pedestrians and a high number of logging trucks.
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
2-9
December 2016
2.5.5
Anderson Road
Anderson Road is the main access to the Lucky Eagle Casino and the tribal administration
facilities from US-12. It has approximately 40 feet of pavement north of Howanut Road/188th
Avenue SW and is striped for 2 lanes and wide shoulders with a posted speed limit of 35 mph.
This section is currently being studied to provide improved pedestrian facilities. Anderson Road
becomes a narrow 2-lane facility with no shoulders or pedestrian facilities south of Howanut
Road/188th Avenue SE. This section of Anderson Road provides access to the Briarwood Chicken
Farm and the community center and routinely sees a mix of vehicles, trucks and pedestrians.
The redesigning of Anderson Road was completed in 2002. The purpose for the raising and
reconstruction of Anderson Road was to assist with flood issues that occur yearly near Chehalis
Village. The road was previously an issue during the heavy rains of fall and winter, often times
leaving community members and employees of the Chehalis Tribe stranded. This project came
with a wider shoulder for pedestrians, three bridges with culverts and a level driving area for
increased traffic to Chehalis Tribal enterprises such as the Lucky Eagle Casino and Hotel and
Tribal government.
2.5.6
Grand Mound Area
There are several major roadway in the Grand Mound area that provide access to commercial
businesses, including the Great Wolf Lodge. These roadways are primarily 2-lane roadways and
include Old Highway 99, Sargent Road, 196th Avenue SW and 198th Street SW. There is curb,
gutter and sidewalk on some of these roadways, especially along residential areas and areas of
new development.
With the development of the property known as Eagle 1 there is a need for road improvement to
the intersection of Sargent Road and US12. This project hopes to lighten the traffic build up for
exit 88 and allow better access to the adjacent properties. The concept for this connection is a
roundabout that is in its preliminary stages. The need to reduce traffic at this interstate exit is of
high priority of the Tribe and State.
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
2-10
December 2016
2.5.1
Rest Over Area
The Tribe owns approximately 30 acres of land in Tumwater with connectivity to 93rd Avenue and
Lathrop Industrial Drive. It is the intention of the Tribe to use this land to construct a new rest
over area for travelers of I-5. With this will come a need for roadway engineering and traffic needs
to be addressed as part of the finished product. While the design of the project is not complete,
the need for adequate roadways will take place within the next year.
2.5.2
Bigler Property
The property named Bigler, approximately 110 acres, is located east of Old Highway 99 near
grand mound. This area has been zoned as multi-use commercial. Future need for a road
infrastructure will be necessary to allow for development of the site with access points to Old
Highway 99 at the north and south end of the property line. The conceptual plans for the Bigler
Property range from an office complex to a light industrial area with railroad access allowing for
shipment of products
2.5.3
Others
The Chehalis Tribe continuously works to improve roadways. A repaving and drainage repair of
Tahown road was completed in 2016. The purpose for this project was to repair the roadway
along the neighborhoods that consist of Tahown Road, Lacamus Lane, and Prairie Lane. It was
also to assist with rain and storm water runoff into what is now known as Tahown Park. With this
project it also allowed the Planning department to place more suitable traffic controls along this
area (Speed bumps, signage and sidewalks). Improvement to Secena Road have been
completed to provide access to the Chehalis Tribal Community Center, which holds may of the
government and community functions for the tribe and surrounding communities. The Planning
Department is in the process of completing roadway west of the Chehalis Tribal Community
Center.
2.6
BRIDGES
The National Bridge Inventory (NBI) is a national bridge inventory, which is the database of
structural and appraisal data collected to fulfill the requirements of the National Bridge Inspection
Standards. Each State and the BIA must maintain an inventory of all bridges that are subject to
the NBI standards and provide this data to the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA). The NBI
is maintained and monitored by the FHWA Office of Bridge Technology.
2.6.1
Bridge Improvements
There are two major culvert and bridge replacements that have been undertaken by the Chehalis
Tribe in the recent past, the Harris Creek culverts and the Twin Bridges.
2.6.1.1
Harris Creek Culverts
The Harris Creek Culvert replacement along South Bank Rd. was completed in 2012. The
purpose for this project was to create a safer roadway along and over Harris Creek. The
construction consisted of replacing 3 six foot in diameter steel pipe culverts with a system of six
box culverts spanning a distance of 98 feet. The length of the culverts are shorter than the existing
box culvers by twelve feet for compatibility with fish passage criteria.
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
2-11
December 2016
2.6.1.2
Twin Bridges
For Many years, bridges along 188th Avenue SW were in unsatisfactory condition. They were
limited to one lane and were constructed of wood. With the need for satellite parking for Lucky
Eagle Casino employees, the two bridges at the half way point of 188th Avenue SW needed to be
brought up to Chehalis Tribal Transportation standards. These bridges are now two lanes and are
used by local and commercial traffic.
2.6.2
Corrective Report Bridges
There are two bridges that are in need of repair.
2.6.2.1
Grays Harbor County Overflow Bridge (4) 1972
This bridge is located on Howanut Rd. near the fish hatchery. While there have been updates to
the bridge, it is in an area that receives much of the flood water that travels through the area
causing undermining and deterioration to the foundation of the bridge.
2.6.2.2
Grays Harbor County Overflow Bridge (3) 1972
This bridge is located on Howanut Road at mile marker 1.78. This bridge will be inspected and
will be brought up to federal Highway standard after an inspection is completed. This bridge
receives most of its function during the heavy rain season between September and April.
There are 34 bridges in the updated Chehalis Reservation Bridge Inventory. Table 8 summarizes
the bridge information for each of the 34 bridges.
Over Flow Bridge
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
Black River Bridge
2-12
December 2016
Table 8: Chehalis Reservation Bridge Inventory
Bridge I.D.
Anderson - #1
Anderson - #2
Anderson – #3
Case Road
Howanut - #1
Howanut - #2
Howanut - #3
Howanut - #4
Howanut - #5
Hwy 12 - #1
Hwy12 - #2
Hwy 12 - #3
Hwy 12 - #4
Hwy 12 - #5
Hwy 12 - #6
Hwy 12 - #7
Hwy 12 - #8
Hwy 12 - #9
Hwy 12 - #10
Hwy 12 - #11
Hwy 12 - #12
Hwy 12 - #13
Hwy 12 - #14
Hwy 12 - #15
Hwy 12 - #16
Old Hwy 99
Independence Rd
Marble Street
Moon Rd
183rd Ave SW - #1
183rd Ave SW - #2
S 188th - #1
S 188th - #2
Southbank - 1
Length (ft)
108
36
85
65.9
50
165.8
28.6
28.8
210
255
137
261
62
45
45
60
138
131
169
163
121
189
146
165
232
44.7
437
23
202.6
65.9
25.9
51.8
61
1,077.3
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
Width (ft)
49.4
48
49.7
23.9
24.6
28.6
24.4
24.6
27.6
45
45
28
24
36
36
36
38
37
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
23.3
31
24
28
24
20.3
27.6
27.6
27.6
2-13
Surface
Asphalt
Asphalt
Asphalt
Concrete
Asphalt
Concrete
Asphalt
Asphalt
Concrete
Asphalt
Asphalt
Asphalt
Asphalt
Asphalt
Asphalt
Asphalt
Asphalt
Asphalt
Asphalt
Asphalt
Asphalt
Asphalt
Asphalt
Asphalt
Asphalt
Asphalt
Concrete
Asphalt
Asphalt
Asphalt
Asphalt
Asphalt
Asphalt
Concrete
NBI Structure Number
087082000000000
087083000000000
080009000000000
084857000000000000
079978000000000
080160000000000
080175000000000
080179000000000
080311000000000
0007026B00000000
0007026A000000000
0007406A00000000
0001000C00000000
0001000B0000000
0001000A00000000
0015666A00000000
0012104A0000000
0012999A00000000
0001576C00000000
0001576B0000000
0001576A00000000
0002236D0000000
0002236C0000000
0002236B0000000
0002236A0000000
0814330000000000
079721000000000
080418000000000
086389000000000
084678000000000
079733000000000
08685000000000
086849000000000
084880000000000
December 2016
2.7
ROAD SIGNS AND SIGNALS
There are a mix of regulatory signs (including speed limit, stop signs, etc.) and advisory signs
(curve warning, advisory speed, etc.) within the Chehalis Reservation. There is not currently a
signalized intersection within the Chehalis Reservation.
The signs are generally in good condition. However, the reflectivity of all signs should be
monitored to meet national standards and it is important to replace signs that have fallen down
or been knocked down.
The largest need for signing is currently along high pedestrian areas, particularly Anderson Road
south of Howanut Road. This area experiences a mix of pedestrians/bicycles, vehicles and trucks
along a narrow roadway without pedestrian facilities.
The Chehalis Tribe also has two locations where speeds are monitored. These locations are for
westbound traffic on 188th Avenue SW, east of Anderson Road and for southbound traffic on
Anderson Road, north of 188th Avenue SW.
2.8
STREET LIGHTING
Adequate street lighting is important for both pedestrian and vehicle safety, as well as for overall
reservation security. Street lights are currently present along the following roadways:
Howanut Road/188th Avenue, east and west of Anderson Road
Niederman Road, south of Howanut Road
Anderson Road, north and south of Howanut Road
Secena Road, west of Anderson Road
It is important to note that there is not continuous street lighting along Anderson Road between
Howanut Road and Secena Road, which is an area with significant pedestrian activity.
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
2-14
December 2016
2.9
PEDESTRIAN FACILITIES
There is a significant amount of pedestrian activity on the Chehalis Reservation by tribal
members, and an increasing amount by visitors and tourists, making sidewalks an important issue
on the reservation. Pedestrian facilities were identified during the public outreach process as
being a significant concern and an area that needs improvement.
Currently the Chehalis Tribal Transportation Department is working on a multi-use pedestrian trail
near the Vosper Property and will extend over Harris Creek. This trail will continue in phases
and will connect the Vosper Property to Oakville city limits. In future phases, this trail will extend
to the Chehalis Tribal Center and also extend to Thurston County’s trail in Gate.
There are sidewalk/path facilities along the south side of Howanut Road/188th Avenue that
connect the housing, tribal administrative offices and tribal ball fields along Niederman Road
and the to the Lucky Eagle Casino and Hotel. This sidewalk/path is used by both local
community members and guests at the hotel for recreational activity. A pedestrian bridge over
188th Avenue provides covered and safe pedestrian passage between the Hotel and Casino
areas. Running underneath the pedestrian bridge is a raised and lighted crosswalk.
Pedestrian activity along Niederman Road is significant due to its proximity to housing, tribal
administrative offices, and tribal ball fields. There is a 0.4 mile long sidewalk along the west side
of Niederman Road between Fern Drive and Howanut Road.
Several improvements to the current configuration of Anderson Road continue to be evaluated
for the section of Anderson Road between US-12 and Howanut Road. The tribe is currently
devoting time to constructing a sidewalk that will connect the existing sidewalk on Howanut/188th
Avenue to US-12. This need has been proven by the amount of pedestrian traffic that has risen
with the opening of the RV park and the high use of the End of the Trail II store located at the
intersection with US-12.
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
2-15
December 2016
2.9.1
Planned Improvements
There are several pedestrian improvements that are planned, including sidewalk improvements
and illumination.
2.9.1.1
Anderson Road
There are planned pedestrian improvements along Anderson Road, north and south of Howanut
Road. Along the north section of Anderson Road the sidewalk will connect the residential portion
of the reservation community to the End of the Trail 2 convenient store. With the added foot traffic
generated from the RV park and closing of End of the Trail 1, a need for pedestrian connection to
the store has become a high priority. By constructing a sidewalk, not only with the safety of
pedestrians be increased, but also those who drive along Anderson Road. This project will also
include lighting, increasing visibility.
With a large increase in Truck/ School Bus and pedestrian traffic, there has become a great need
for the widening of Anderson Road south of Howanut Road. The road has very little shoulder
room and no sidewalk. While this had yielded no collisions, there is an increased risk due to the
placement of the Community/Youth center and foot traffic that has come with the high use of the
facilities. The Planning Department would like to construct full pedestrian facilities along with
shoulder standards for the entire roadway and illumination.
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
2-16
December 2016
2.9.1.2
Secena Road
With the increased use of the Community Center and Gathering Room, the need for pedestrian
pathways has also increased along Secena Road. There is a definite need for a full sidewalk
along Secena Road that will connect the Anderson Road sidewalk to the Community Center and
Gaterhing Room. Also, with the high importance to The Chehalis People, the improvements will
limit the access to the Prairie that is located just south of Secena Road with a fence that will run
the length of Secena Road.
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
2-17
December 2016
2.9.1.3
Illumination
Recently completed illumination has been added to a portion of Howanut Road and the extent of
Niederman Road. The street lighting was retro fit with LED street lights, an addition of 5
pedestrian light poles were added to the meandering sidewalk on Howanut Road. Additionally,
similar fixtures were added to the lightpoles on Niederman also with LED lighting.
2.9.1.4
South Bank Road
Near the intersection of Cemetery Road and State Street, the Chehalis Tribe has put in a park for
the residents of the Vosper housing complex and the homeowners along Sickman Loop. To better
connect the residents to the park and the roadway, there is a need for sidewalks to be added
along this route. This is still a road used for logging trucks and does extend to the Chehalis River,
a portion of the reservation that is used by tribal members.
2.9.1.5
School Street and Oak Street Sidewalks
With Phase 1 of the Oakville to The Chehalis Tribal Center Pedestrian Pathway, the continuation
of this would assist students of the Vosper/Sickman Loop area and the Oaks development a safe
route to school. With the growing population of school aged children in the area, this is of high
importance.
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
2-18
December 2016
2.10
REGIONAL PUBLIC TRANSIT
2.10.1
Rural & Tribal Transportation Program
The Chehalis Reservation is served by the Rural & Tribal Transportation Program (R/T) for public
transportation. There are currently 4 routes that serve the communities of Rochester, Tenino,
Bucoda, Rainier, Yelm and the Nisqually and Chehalis Reservations. The Chehalis reservation is
served by Route 3 and there are 3 outbound and 3 inbound routes that stop along Niederman
Road at the Tribal Administrative Offices and the Lucky Eagle Casino. There is also an ondemand service, where riders call 24 hours before they need transportation to schedule a pickup. R/T provides intercity travel between the rural communities and feeds into the service areas
of Intercity Transit and Twin Transit. This allows riders to connect to public transportation in the
urban municipalities of Olympia and Centralia. Through these connections riders can access
transportation all along the I-5 corridor via Sound Transit, Pierce Transit, King County Metro,
Greyhound, and Amtrak.
The Chehalis Tribe Transit Plan, which is included in the attachments, identified several
recommended improvements. These include:
A loop route between the main tribal residential and community areas, Oakville, Rochester
and Ground Mound
Service between the reservation and the Centralia Amtrak Station, which is the transfer
station for Twin Transit. Alternatively, direct links between critical stops in Centralia (outlet
mall, hospital, college and Wal-Mart) could be provided, although it could not be publicly
funded.
Service between the Tribal Center and the Tumwater Transit Center
Direct service to locations in Olympia (shopping, education, medical, etc.). This service
could not be publicly funded.
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
2-19
December 2016
2.10.2
Thurston County
Intercity Transit is the Thurston County public transit provider. Intercity Transit only provides
service as far south as Tumwater Boulevard, more than 10 miles north of the intersection of
Interstate-5 and US-12. Connection to Intercity Transit is available through R/T transit service via
Route 3 to Tumwater Square.
2.10.3
Grays Harbor County
Grays Harbor Transit is the public transit provider in Grays Harbor County. Route 40 is the East
County route and provides service from Hoquiam, to Aberdeen, Montesano, Elma, McCleary and
Olympia, where riders can connect with the Olympia Greyhound Station and Olympia Transit
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
2-20
December 2016
Center. Other routes connect with Aberdeen, Hoquiam, Ocean Shores, Westport, Grayland, and
the Quinault Reservation.
2.10.4
Lewis County
Twin Transit is the public transit provider in Lewis County. Twin Transit’s core service area
includes the cities of Centralia and Chehalis. Access to Twin Transit is via R/T Route 4, which
provides access to the Centralia Amtrak station. Twin Transit Routes 21, 22 and 30 all have stops
at the Amtrak station. These routes provide access to all of Centralia and Chehalis.
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
2-21
December 2016
2.11
SCHOOL BUSES
Transportation by school bus is provided to school children living on the reservation by the Tribal
Head Start program, the Wa-He-Lut School, and the Oakville and Rochester School Districts. The
Wa-He-Lut School provides transportation for approximately 10 to 15 children living on the
reservation, Rochester School District transports more than 50 children, including special needs
children, and Oakville transports approximately 50 students living on the reservation.
Pedestrian safety is of particular concern on streets with school bus stops as well as those streets
children travel between home and the bus stop.
2.12
CASINO BUS SERVICE
The Lucky Eagle Casino provides bus shuttle service which brings customers onto the reservation
from significant distances on a daily basis. The free bus shuttle service generally picks customers
up in the morning, allows for an approximately four-hour visit at the Casino in the afternoon and
then returns customers later in the day. Communities generally on the I-5 corridor to the north
which are served by the shuttle service include Puyallup, Lakewood, Lacey/Olympia. To the east,
shuttle service is provided to the Grays Harbor County communities of Hoquiam, Aberdeen,
Montesano, and Elma. Communities in Kitsap County which are served by the shuttle service
include Bremerton, Port Orchard, Tacoma and Lacey. To the south, shuttle service is provided to
Vancouver, Kelso, and Woodland in Washington State and to the Portland, Oregon area.
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
2-22
December 2016
2.13
TRUCK AND FREIGHT TRAFFIC
Truck traffic on both Highway 12 and Anderson Road, the primary access facility, has been an
issue of long standing concern to the Tribe. The major freight route is Anderson Road, which also
serves as a pedestrian facility and school bus stops and nearly 10% of the traffic on the roadway
is trucks. This leads to interactions between truck traffic and pedestrians along a roadway that
does not have adequate pedestrian facilities. There are also improvements that have been
investigated along US-12 to address truck and freight traffic. The business responsible for the
additional truck traffic reports a total of 50 cars,12 semi-trucks daily. This increases by 12 to 15
more of each during the 4-week cleaning periods every year.
Additionally, there is significant truck traffic along South Bank Road. South Bank Road provides
a link to Oakville and results in pedestrian and truck interaction along a roadway without sufficient
pedestrian facilities.
2.14
WATERWAYS
Access to waterways, specifically the Chehalis River and Black River, is vital to the community.
The Chehalis Tribe recently completed a permanent boat ramp to the Black River at a site that
was previously used as an informal boat launch by tribal fisherman. The discussion to add a
second boat launch along the Chehalis River. The community has expressed interest in the
addition and studies will be taking place to find a location suitable for its construction. This will
require an access road in addition to the project itself
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
2-23
December 2016
3.
CIRCULATION DATA
Traffic data has been collected at several locations throughout the Chehalis Reservation that were
identified as being critical based on Business Committee, staff and community input. The data
that has been collected includes daily volumes, peak-hour turning movements and speed data.
A Transportation Safety Plan has been prepared for the Chehalis Reservation that evaluates
collection and other safety issues within the Chehalis Reservation. The information from this
report is summarized in this section and the full report is included in the appendix.
3.1
EXISTING TRAFFIC DATA
Existing daily traffic volumes, speed data and PM peak-hour turning movement data were
collected at several key locations across the Chehalis Reservation. The roadways where data
was collected include Howanut Road, Anderson Road and South Bank Road. The existing traffic
data is shown in Figure 1.
The volume data shows that Anderson Road north of Howanut Road/188th Avenue SW and 188th
Avenue SW east of Anderson Road have the highest daily traffic volumes, all of which are over
2,000 average daily trips. The highest daily volume was recorded on 188th Avenue SW, east of
the casino. The existing traffic volumes are summarized in Table 9.
Table 9: Existing Traffic Volumes
Road Name
Anderson Road – Between US-12 and Howanut Road
Anderson Road – South of Howanut Road
188th Avenue SW – Between Anderson Road and Casino
188th Avenue SW – East of Casino
Moon Road – South of US-12
Howanut Road – West of Anderson Road
Howanut Road – West of Niderman Road
South Bank Road – South of Cemetery Road
Daily
Volume
2,926
662
2,043
3,615
3,285
1,486
725
1,249
These roadways are classified as Class 4 roadways, which is a rural major collector. The BIA
classification does not provide a daily trip threshold. However, Thurston County provides a daily
trip threshold of up to 2,000 daily trips for rural collectors. It is important to note that these
roadways, specifically Anderson Road north of 188th Avenue SW and 188th Avenue SW east of
Anderson Road, have pedestrian facilities. These roadways are a hybrid of rural and urban type
roads and should therefore have higher average daily trip thresholds.
The existing PM peak-hour level of service was also analyzed for the intersection of Anderson
Road at Howanut Road/188th Avenue SE. This intersection is main Chehalis Tribe intersection,
not located along US-12. The intersection is currently all-way stop-control and has single-lane
approaches on each roadway. The intersection currently operates at LOS A, the best level of
service.
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
3-1
December 2016
NEWTON ST
MAIN ST
STATE ST
EL
MA
GA
TE
RD
E
CEMETERY RD
FITZGERALD RD
1,249 ADT
ELMA GATE RD E
2,926 ADT
HOWANUT RD
3,015 ADT
725 ADT
ANDERSON RD SW
HOWANUT RD
1,486 ADT
183RD AVE SW
MOON RD SW
BA
LC
H
RD
D
S BANK R
2,043 ADT
188TH AVE SW
HOWANUT RD
SECENA RD
60
20
7
58
25
5
12
39
5
BRIARWOOD
RD
COUNTY LINE RD SW
N
662 ADT
23
21
64
NIEDERMAN RD
3,615 ADT
TRAFFIC IMPACT STUDY
GIBSON TRAFFIC CONSULTANTS
GTC #15-066
LEGEND
LONG RANGE
TRANSPORTATION PLAN
DAILY TRAFFIC VOLUME
XXX
CHEHALIS RESERVATION
FIGURE 1
XXX ADT
PM PEAK-HOUR
TURNING MOVEMENT VOLUME
EXISTING TRAFFIC DATA
3.2
FUTURE TRAFFIC DATA
WSDOT is beginning plans to add a roundabout at the intersection of Anderson Road and US-12
and right-in/right-out only restrictions to the intersection of Moon Road at US-12 with a possible
“Super Street” east of Moon Road. Based on current data, this will increase the traffic along
Anderson Road based on the limited use of Moon Road.
The future traffic volumes have been determined for a 20-year horizon period. The increase in
traffic volumes has been calculated by applying a 1% annually compounding growth rate to the
existing volumes. This results in over 22% growth in the existing volumes. The future traffic
volumes are shown in Figure 2.
The future 2036 traffic volumes also include a reassignment of trips based on the planned
restrictions for the intersection of Moon Road at US-12. Based on a comparison of the existing
volumes, it is anticipated that close to 70% of the trips that would travel along Moon Road will
now be added to Anderson Road. Based on the existing volumes, which show Moon Road
carrying 50% more traffic than Anderson Road, the reassignment will essentially double the
existing volumes on Anderson Road. This reassignment of trips has been applied to Anderson
Road north of Howanut Road/188th Avenue SW, 188th Avenue SW west and east of the Lucky
Eagle Casino and Moon Road. The 2036 future traffic volumes are summarized in Table 10.
Table 10: 2036 Future Traffic Volumes
Daily Volume
Road Name
Anderson Road – Between US-12 and Howanut Road
Anderson Road – South of Howanut Road
188th Avenue SW – Between Anderson Road and Casino
188th Avenue SW – East of Casino
Moon Road – South of US-12
Howanut Road – West of Anderson Road
Howanut Road – West of Niderman Road
South Bank Road – South of Cemetery Road
Existing
2,926
662
2,043
3,615
3,285
1,486
725
1,249
2036
Future
6,496
808
5,419
1,485
1,082
1,813
885
1,524
The 2036 future traffic volumes show that Anderson Road between US-12 and Howanut Road
will carry nearly 6,500 daily trips and 188th Avenue SW between Anderson Road and the Lucky
Eagle Casino will carry approximately 5,500 daily trips. These roadways should be able to handle
this amount of traffic, even though they only have a 2-lane section. Both of these roadways have
pedestrian facilities and Anderson Road between US-12 and Howanut Road is planned to be
improved to include a sidewalk and lighting. Additionally, there are limited driveways along the
sections of Anderson Road and 188th Avenue SW with future daily volumes above 2,000 daily
trips.
The intersection of Anderson Road at Howanut Road/188th Avenue SE was also evaluated for
weekday PM peak-hour operations under the 2036 future conditions. The intersection is
anticipated to operate at LOS B under the 2036 future conditions, the second best level of
operations. The intersection should therefore have sufficient capacity without need for
improvements to handle the future traffic volumes.
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
3-3
December 2016
NEWTON ST
MAIN ST
STATE ST
EL
MA
GA
TE
RD
E
CEMETERY RD
FITZGERALD RD
1,524 ADT
ELMA GATE RD E
6,496 ADT
HOWANUT RD
1,082 ADT
885 ADT
ANDERSON RD SW
HOWANUT RD
1,813 ADT
183RD AVE SW
MOON RD SW
BA
LC
H
RD
D
S BANK R
5,419 ADT
188TH AVE SW
HOWANUT RD
SECENA RD
153
24
9
71
32
6
15
48
6
BRIARWOOD
RD
COUNTY LINE RD SW
N
808 ADT
34
26
158
NIEDERMAN RD
1,485 ADT
TRAFFIC IMPACT STUDY
GIBSON TRAFFIC CONSULTANTS
GTC #15-066
LEGEND
LONG RANGE
TRANSPORTATION PLAN
DAILY TRAFFIC VOLUME
XXX
CHEHALIS RESERVATION
FIGURE 2
XXX ADT
PM PEAK-HOUR
TURNING MOVEMENT VOLUME
2036 FUTURE TRAFFIC DATA
3.3
TRANSPORTATION SAFETY PLAN
A Transportation Safety Plan was completed in 2016 for the Chehalis Reservation. The
Transportation Safety Plan had the following recommendations:
1. Investigate the options to provide sufficient lighting and pedestrian walkways/sidewalks to
all reservation roadways. Research new safe routes for all pedestrians and bicyclists on
high traffic areas of the reservation.
2. Identify road standards and policies that require all new, reconstructed and re-paved
roadways to have the following elements or identify why the features are not feasible:
o
o
o
o
Rumble strips on both sides and center line
8-inch edge lines
Reflective edge markers
Thermoplastic rumble strips on roadways with limited shoulders and posted under
40 mph
3. Develop a coordinated non-motorized plan with priorities to fill missing links.
4. Provide information to drivers as to the dangers of not obeying the rules of the road (right
of way, speed limit, etc.). This can be done through the newspaper, reader boards,
organizations (schools, Elders, Boys and Girls Club, etc.).
5. Provide feedback to drivers, pedestrians and bicyclists as to how long it has been since a
collision, similar to the number of days on a job site with an accident. A feedback sign as
you enter the reservation from US-12 could be potential location.
6. Require all new construction to provide adequate pedestrian and bicycle facilities along
frontage and consistent with a non-motorized transportation plan.
7. Investigate the financial feasibility of providing a dedicated traffic safety officer who could
also be cross-deputized and lead safety education and enforcement/emphasis initiatives.
8. Develop a plan to work with local businesses, such as the casino, to have information on
variable message signs to get out the message of districted driving, driving under the
influence and vehicles exiting the roadway.
9. Work with schools, community organization (Elders, Boys and Girls Club, etc.) and tribal
employers to get out the message about intoxicated, distracted driving and vehicles exiting
the roadway. Have displays at tribal events
10. Show of police and road speed feedback presence along roadways so that drivers are
aware that police are patrolling and enforcing. Within Washington State the issue of speed
cameras has been deemed non-constitutional outside of school or work zones. However,
with tribal sovereignty, the option of speed cameras could be investigated and again be a
decision for Council. The tribal legal department would champion this action.
11. Develop a collision data base that includes cause type location age etc.
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
3-5
December 2016
12. Investigate the options to provide enhanced driver education – Supplement existing
training requirements for drivers under 18 to complete additional hours of driver education
and training. This can be coordinated with the local school district. Potentially, provide
supplemented diver education for drivers 18 to 20 who are not required to complete driver
training under Washington state law.
During the Transportation Safety Plan process it was identified that Anderson Road, especially
south of Howanut Road, is a major pedestrian/bicycle corridor that also serves as a major school
bus pick-up/drop-off location. This corridor also carries vehicular traffic that includes tribal
members, visitors to the Lucky Eagle Casino and truck/freight traffic. This area is a safety concern
since there are not sufficient pedestrian/bicycle facilities south of Howanut Road. This area is a
high priority for pedestrian/bicycle improvements.
3.4
US HIGHWAY 12 CHEHALIS SAFETY STUDY
An analysis of the main US-12 intersections for the Chehalis Reservation were analyzed as part
of the study to understand the safety and operations of the intersections and recommend
improvements. The study included short-term and long-term improvements at several
intersections, with Anderson Road and Moon Road being the two highest priority locations. The
improvements for these intersections included:
US-12 at Anderson Road
o
Short Term Improvements
Adding wayfinding and gateway treatments
Intersection transition treatments – transverse pavement markings, static
and dynamic warning signs, etc.
Implementing the FHWA Lane Narrowing and Minor Road Splitter concepts
o
Long Term Improvements
Single-lane roundabout or channelization and signalization improvements
Profile changes to raise Anderson Road to the same plane as US-12
US-12 at Moon Road
o
Short Term Improvements
Intersection transition treatments – transverse pavement markings, static
and dynamic warning signs, etc.
Implementing the FHWA Lane Narrowing and Minor Road Splitter concepts
o
Long Term Improvements
Restricting the south leg of Moon Road to right-turn inbound and outbound
only
Left-turn and right-turn lanes into the north leg of Moon Road
Left-turn acceleration lane from Moon Road
Signing emphasizing local traffic only
The long-term improvements at these locations are high priorities for the Chehalis Reservation.
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
3-6
December 2016
4.
TRANSPORTATION NEEDS
The transportation improvements needed for the Chehalis Reservation are based on existing and
future operations and deficiencies. Deficiencies have been identified through community input,
analysis of existing and future volumes and operations and previous analysis completed for the
Chehalis Reservation (Transportation Safety Plan, US Highway 12 Chehalis Safety Study, etc.).
The prioritized transportation improvements are shown on the following pages.
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
4-1
December 2016
Anderson Road Improvements
1
Location
Anderson Road
Howanut Road to Secena Road
Approximately 2,650 ft
Anderson Road does not currently include pedestrian faciltieis south of
Howanut Road. The pavement is approximately 24 feet wide without
striping. The shoulder is currently grass.
Anderson Rd
Howanut Rd
Secena Rd
Improvements
Provide a typical urban 2-lane roadway
with one 12-foot lane
in each direction, 5foot bike lanes on
each side and curb,
gutter and 5-foot sidewalk on each side.
Also include street
lights. Improvements
can also include bus
pullout/turnarounds if
needed to accodmdate school kids.
Estimated Cost
$1,500,000
US-12 at Anderson Road
2
Improvements
Location
US-12 at
Anderson Rd
Anderson Road
US-12 at Anderson Road is currently an unsignalized intersection with
eastbound and westbound left-turn lanes along US-12. There is also
an eastbound right-turn lane onto Anderson Road.
CONCEPTUAL LAYOUT
Improvements
Converting the existing stop-controlled
intersection to a
roundabout. Additional
improvements include
raising the north approach and wayfinding
and gateway treatments. The option of
raising the profile of
the entire intersection
to reduce the impacts
Estimated Cost
$3,150,000
Based on estimate
from US-12 Safety
Image Provided is
conceptual
US-12 at Moon Road
3
Improvements
Location
US-12 at
Moon Rd
Moon Road
US-12 at Moon Road is currently an unsignalized intersection with
eastbound and westbound left-turn lanes along US-12. The goal of
any improvement at this intersection would be to address the collisions
and encourage drivers to use Anderson Road.
Improvements
Restrict the south leg
of Moon Road to rightturn inbound and outbound only. The north
leg of will maintain
right-turn and left-turn
inbound and outbound
movements, but
southbound through
movements will be
restricted.
Estimated Cost
$610,000
Based on estimate
from US-12 Safety
Image Provided is
conceptual
188th Avenue SW Improvements
4
East of Lucky Eagle Casino
Location
Howanut Road
Lucky Eagle Casino to
Employee Parking
The Lucky Eagle Casino has an employee parking lot located east of
the casino on the south side of Howanut Road. A shuttle is provided;
however, not all employees utilize the shuttle. Along this stretch of
roadway there are no pedestrian facilities or street lighting.
Improvements
188th Ave SW
Providing pedestrian
improvements between the Lukcy Eagle Casino and the
employee parking lot.
Street lighting should
be considered as well.
Estimated Cost
$250,000
Secena Road Sidewalk and
5
Fencing
Location
Secena Road, West of
the Community Center
Secena Road is a route that connects the south-western residential
area to the Community Center. Currently, the road is paved east of the
Community Center with the remaining area gravel. The Tribe is working with the land owners to gain approval to purchase the remaining
portion, complete the paving and add sidewalk and fencing for pedestrian and driver safety.
Improvements
Provide pedestrian
improvements along
Secena Road for access to the Community Center and connect
the west end of the
residential area to the
Community Center
Estimated Cost
$1,105,000
Sidewalk Lighting on Niederman
and Howanut Road Phase 1
6
Location
Niederman Road from
Fern Drive to Howanut
Road to continue along
to intersection of Anderson and Howanut
Road
This project was completed
in April of 2017.
Conceptual design for
Phase 2 (188th Ave and
Anderson) will begin in
summer of 2017.
Currently, the lighting along these roads is intended to assist drivers.
With minimal lighting to assist pedestrian facilities, Phase 1 was
completed giving illumination to both routes and will progress in future
projects.
Improvements
Provide lighting along
the walkways with the
highest pedestrian
traffic and improve
pedestrian visibility for
drivers on the major
roadways.
Estimated Cost
$775,000
Anderson Road Sidewalk
7
Location
Anderson Road between Howanut Road
and US-12.
This stretch of Anderson Road has a wide shoulder and was intended
to meet the needs of pedestrian traffic. However, with the higher rate
of needed access to the End of the Trail II store and occupancy of the
RV Park located near US-12, safer walkways need to be added.
Improvements
Provide 6-foot wide
sidewalks along the
west side of
Anderson Road with
Pile Ancoring-Timber
Decked walkway
attached to the box
culverts.
Estimated
Cost $687,000
School Street and Oak Street
8
Sidewalk
Location
Oakville State Street,
Oak Street and School
Street
Approximately
0.5 miles
Oakville School District has minimal sidewalks for school students who
walk from home. These sidewalks are not adequate and are poorly
maintained. A majority of this route goes through grass and driveways.
Improvements
Provide a 6-foot sidewalk that connects
multi-use path for
school aged students
for safe transport to
schools.
Estimated Cost
$682,000
Prairie Court Cul-De-Sac
9
Location
South West of Tahown
Drive
Oakville WA
Chehalis Reservation
Prairie Court currently does not have sidewalks and has a soft shoulder with gravel on the edges of the asphalt.
Improvements
Provide a sidewalk
around the perimeter
of the cul-de-sac to
assist with pedestrian
traffic and allow for
drainage.
Estimated Cost
$105,000
US-12 and Sargent Roundabout
10
Location
US-12 and Sargent
Road near Exit 88
Grand Mound WA
Eagle One Property
With development of land to the south of US-12, the need for an intersection that will
connect US-12 and Sargent Road is required. Additionally, the condition of Sargent Road
is poor and will require immediate improvements upon the construction of the Roundabout.
Improvements
Add a Roundabout to
facilitate the increased
traffic at Exit 88 and
make improvements
to the existing condition of Sargent Road.
Estimated Cost
3,500,000
Rest Over Property
11
Location
93rd Ave SW and
Lathrop Industrial
Drive
Tumwater, WA
The property known as Rest Over is being developed and needs vehicle as
well as semi-truck access. Currently, the state of the road are in fair condition but will require better exit and entryways.
Improvements
Make adjustments to
the alignment of Lathrop industrial drive
and promote better
access points to the
rest over property..
Estimated Cost
1,500,000
5.
FUNDING RESOURCES
There are several funding sources that provide transportation funding for the Chehalis
Reservation. The funding sources are discussed below.
5.1
TRIBAL TRANSPORTATION PROGRAM (TTP)
The TTP provides funding under several different categories with the National Tribal
Transportation Facility Inventory (NTTFI) and the Bridge Program. The NTTFI was originally
identified as the Indian Reservation Roads (IRR) inventory. The NTTFI is a part of the Federal
Lands Highway Program to address transportation needs of tribes. The program is jointly
administered by the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) and Federal Highway Administration's (FHWA)
Federal Lands Highway (FLH) Office. The NTTFI is a funding category of the Federal Lands
Highway Program (FLHP). The Surface Transportation Assistance Act of 1982 (STAA) expanded
the program to include tribally-owned public roads as well as state and county-owned roads.
The NTTFI is a comprehensive database of all transportation facilities eligible for NTTFI funding,
including bridges. This includes information such as route number, location, length, width, surface
type, pavement ratings, class of road, adequacy of design standard, construction needs,
maintenance needs, etc.
This database is vital since it is used in determining the Bureau of Indian Affairs NTTFI funding
base. NTTFI funds are allocated to the Tribe and spent on tribal prioritized projects documented
in its Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) which is a list of projects programmed for
construction in the next 3 to 5 years.
The BIA funding allocation formula utilizes Construction Need codes to allocate Highway Trust
Funds (HTF) for construction of new roads and the reconstruction or upgrading of existing roads.
A description of Construction Need codes is included in Chapter 2. Roads that are designated
Construction Need 1 and 4 generate funds.
Funding through the Bridge Program is based on applications for funding for construction,
construction engineering, preliminary engineering and rehabilitation or replacement of existing
bridges. BIA and tribally owned bridges can be funded at 100%, while funding for other bridges
cannot exceed $1,000,000 and requires a 20% match.
5.2
WASHINGTON STATE TRANSPORTATION IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM (STIP)
The Chehalis Tribe has the option of programming transportation projects for inclusion in the
Statewide Transportation Improvement Program (STIP). No Chehalis Tribe project has been
listed on either the STIP or a RTIP (Regional Transportation Program) with the exception of the
SR 12 Steel Bridge which is located off-reservation.
The STIP is a financially constrained, multi-year list of transportation related projects consistent
with statewide, regional and tribal transportation plans, and the regional and TTP transportation
improvement programs. The STIP includes all transportation related projects that are 1) federally
funded and/or 2) regionally significant. All projects on the STIP must first be listed on either a local
or tribal TIP.
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
5-1
December 2016
The process for inclusion of tribal transportation projects into the STIP varies depending on who
the lead agency for the project is and on the type of federal funding, if any, that the project uses.
If the tribe is the project lead and the project uses federal IRR funds, the project is included in
either a tribal priority list or a Tribal Transportation Improvement Plan (TTIP).
Tribal transportation projects can also be included in the STIP by working through the non-tribal
local TIP process. In this process, to be included in the STIP the project must be federally funded,
such as NTTFI funding for example, and/or be regionally significant as determined by the regional
transportation plan. The Chehalis Reservation is located in both Thurston and Grays Harbor
Counties, meaning that Tribal transportation projects could, in theory, be included in either the
Thurston Regional Planning Council’s Regional TIP (RTIP) or the Cowlitz-Wahkiakum Council of
Government’s RTIP, depending on their location. When working through the non-tribal TIP
process, the non-tribal partner would typically be the lead agency.
In the regional process, local jurisdictions submit 6-year TIPs to the regional council. The regional
council compiles a financially-constrained 3-year RTIP of funding secured projects that are
regionally significant. The Thurston Regional Planning Council (TRPC) also includes a nonconstrained 3-year list of planned projects in an appendix, allowing a project to undergo public
review and quickly move forward through an administrative process should a jurisdiction receive
federal funding for it.
WSDOT receives the RTIPs from councils across the state and compiles them into a STIP, along
with the already approved NTTFI TIP. The STIP is submitted to FHWA and FTA for final approval.
Once the STIP is approved, federal funds become accessible to local governments to carry out
their projects.
Confederated Tribes of the Chehalis Reservation
Long Range Transportation Plan
5-2
December 2016
This is a copy of a public record, reproduced as it was published. It is not legal advice, and it may not be the version a court would rely on. Check the official source before you cite it.