National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants: Wood Furniture Manufacturing Operations

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 63

[AD-FRL-6210-3]

RIN 2060-AH66

National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants: Wood

Furniture Manufacturing Operations

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Final rule; amendments.

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SUMMARY: This action promulgates amendments to the ``National Emission

Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants; Final Standards for Hazardous

Air Pollutant Emissions from Wood Furniture Manufacturing Operations,''

originally promulgated in the Federal Register on December 7, 1995. The

amendments to the rule were proposed pursuant to three agreements

reached in settlement of the following petitions for review: Chemical

Manufacturers Association v. EPA, No. 96-1031 (D.C. Cir.); Halogenated

Solvents Industry Alliance, Inc. v. EPA, No. 96-1036 (D.C. Cir.); and

Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. v. Browner, No. 96-1038 (D.C.

Cir.). This action also finalizes clarifying amendments, as well as

technical amendments to certain sections of the rule.

DATES: This rule is effective December 28, 1998.

ADDRESSES: Docket. Interested parties may review items used to support

this notice at: Air and Radiation Docket and Information Center (6102),

Attention, Docket No. A-93-10, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,

401 M Street, SW., Washington, DC 20460.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For information concerning the

standards and the changes, contact Mr. Paul Almodovar, Coatings and

Consumer Products Group, Emission Standards Division (MD-13), U.S.

Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711;

telephone (919) 541-

[[Page 71377]]

0283. For information regarding the applicability of this action to a

particular entity, contact Mr. Robert Marshall, Manufacturing Branch,

Office of Compliance (2223A), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 401

M Street, SW., Washington, DC 20460; telephone (202) 564-7021.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Regulated Entities

Entities potentially regulated by this action are owners or

operators of facilities that are engaged, either in part or in whole,

in wood furniture manufacturing operations and that are major sources

as defined in 40 CFR part 63, subpart A, section 63.2. Regulated

categories include:

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Category Examples of regulated entities

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Industry.......................... Facilities which are major sources

of hazardous air pollutants (HAP)

and manufacture wood furniture or

wood furniture components.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

This table is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather provides a

guide for readers regarding entities that the EPA is now aware

potentially could be regulated by this action. Other types of entities

not listed in the table also could be regulated. To determine whether

your facility (company, business, organization, etc.) is regulated by

this action, you should carefully examine the applicability criteria in

section 63.800 of the national emission standards for hazardous air

pollutants (NESHAP) for wood furniture manufacturing operations (Wood

Furniture NESHAP) that was promulgated in the Federal Register on

December 7, 1995 (60 FR 62930) and codified at 40 CFR 63 subpart JJ. If

you have questions regarding the applicability of this action to a

particular entity, consult Mr. Robert Marshall at the address listed in

the preceding FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.

The information presented below is organized as follows:

I. Background

II. Comments Received on Proposed Changes and EPA Response to

Comments

III. Summary of Changes

IV. Administrative Requirements

A. Docket

B. Paperwork Reduction Act

C. Executive Order 12866 Review

D. Regulatory Flexibility

E. Submission to Congress and the General Accounting Office

F. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act

G. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act

H. Executive Order 12875: Enhancing Intergovernmental

Partnership

I. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children from

Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks

J. Executive Order 13084: Consultation and Coordination with

Indian Tribal Governments

I. Background

On December 7, 1995 (60 FR 62930), the EPA promulgated the Wood

Furniture NESHAP. These standards were codified as subpart JJ in 40 CFR

part 63. These standards established emission limits for, among other

things, coating and gluing of wood furniture and wood furniture

components. Three different parties, the Chemical Manufacturers

Association (CMA), the Halogenated Solvents Industry Alliance, Inc.

(HSIA), and the Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc. (SPI),

petitioned for judicial review of the final rule under section 307(b)

of the Clean Air Act (the Act).

The EPA executed settlement agreements with each of these

petitioners on December 18, 1997. In accordance with section 113(g) of

the Act, the EPA published notice of the petitions in the Federal

Register on December 24, 1997 (62 FR 67360). The notice provided a 30-

day opportunity for public comment. One comment supporting the

agreements was submitted.

The settlement agreement between the EPA and the CMA requires the

EPA to conduct notice and comment rulemaking proposing that certain

glycol ethers be removed from the list of volatile hazardous air

pollutants (VHAP) of potential concern in table 6 of the Wood Furniture

NESHAP. The agreement also provides that the de minimis value in table

5 for 2-ethoxyethyl acetate be changed from 5.0 tons per year to 10.0

tons per year.

The settlement agreement between the EPA and the HSIA requires the

EPA: (1) to conduct notice-and-comment rulemaking in accordance with

section 307(d) of the Act proposing that perchloroethylene and

trichloroethylene be deleted from the list of pollutants prohibited

from use in cleaning and washoff solvents under section 63.803(e) of

the regulations (table 4 of the Wood Furniture NESHAP); and (2) to give

great weight to the recommendations of the Science Panel of the Joint

Methylene Chloride Characterization Task Force regarding whether a

reassessment of the cancer hazard for methylene chloride should be

undertaken based on current scientific information. The settlement

agreement also requires the EPA to conduct additional notice and

comment rulemaking with respect to methylene chloride if methylene

chloride is reassessed and certain findings are made as a result of

that reassessment.

The settlement agreement between the EPA and the SPI requires the

EPA to propose technical amendments to the Wood Furniture NESHAP that

would remove the subheadings of ``Nonthreshold Pollutants,'' ``High-

Concern Pollutants,'' and ``Unrankable Pollutants'' in table 6, and

remove footnote ``a'' to table 6 which relates to these hazard ranking

classifications.

This action promulgates changes to the Wood Furniture NESHAP

proposed to address the settlement agreements discussed above. This

action also finalizes clarifying changes and corrections which were

identified as being necessary after promulgation of the original rule.

II. Comments Received on Proposed Changes and EPA Response to

Comments

Six comment letters were received on the proposed changes to the

final wood furniture manufacturing operations. These comments have been

included in the docket to the Wood Furniture NESHAP (Docket No. A-93-

10) as items VI-D-01 through VI-D-04, and IV-G-01 through IV-G-03. This

preamble serves as the only summary of the comments received on the

proposed changes to the final rule.

Five of the commenters supported the EPA's proposed changes to the

final rule based on the settlement agreements. One commenter suggested

clarifying changes in addition to those that were proposed. This

commenter suggested clarifying the requirements in the Formulation

Assessment Plan for VHAP of potential concern, the applicability

requirements of this rule, and the removal of the emission limit for

thinners. The EPA will give further consideration to the suggested

changes, but cannot finalize them at this time. The EPA believes that

additional rulemaking would be necessary to provide the public with

opportunity to comment on the suggested changes. The intent of this

rulemaking was to address specific issues identified in the settlement

agreements with the CMA, the HSIA, and the SPI, and make minor

technical corrections rather than completely reopen the original rule

for comment.

One commenter expressed concern that the EPA was proposing to

delete perchloroethylene from the list of pollutants prohibited from

use in cleaning and washing solvents and was ``moving

perc[hloroethylene] down a category in terms of risk classification.''

In particular, the commenter asserted

[[Page 71378]]

that the EPA has identified perchloroethylene as posing potential

health risks, and has long considered it a ``probable human

carcinogen,'' citing a recent document from the EPA's Design for the

Environment project on dry cleaning, an International Agency for

Research on Cancer (IARC) monograph supporting a finding that

perchloroethylene is a ``probable human carcinogen,'' and a May 1998

report of the Children's Health Protection Advisory Committee.

Contrary to the commenter's concern, the EPA is not ``moving

perc[hloroethylene] down a category in terms of risk classification.''

At present, this chemical is not classified as to its carcinogenicity

in the EPA's Integrated Risk Information System. The EPA is currently

reassessing the potential carcinogenicity of perchloroethylene. Since a

definitive assessment of carcinogenicity of this chemical has not been

finalized by the EPA and since only chemicals classified as Type A and

B carcinogens are prohibited in cleaning and washoff solvents, the EPA

is removing perchloroethylene from the list of prohibited chemicals in

table 4. This change in table 4 does not imply that the EPA has changed

its judgment or, indeed, reached any judgment in its current scientific

evaluation of this chemical, nor does it carry any weight with respect

to policies adopted toward this chemical in other regulatory contexts.

The EPA is aware of the IARC monograph on perchloroethylene, as well as

assessments conducted by other groups, and will consider this

information in its scientific reassessment. After this reassessment,

the EPA will revisit, as needed, its decision to delete

perchloroethylene from the list of chemicals prohibited in cleaning and

washoff solvents.

The EPA does not believe that perchloroethylene, as a washoff or

cleaning solvent in wood furniture manufacturing, poses a sufficiently

significant risk to warrant prohibition under this rule at this time.

Wood furniture manufacturers do not commonly use perchloroethylene as a

washoff or cleaning solvent. Wood furniture manufacturers using water-

borne coatings would probably use a water-based solvent as a cleaning

solvent. Wood furniture manufacturers using solvent-borne coatings

would use the same solvents contained in the coatings, such as methanol

and mineral spirits for their washoff and cleaning operations.

Therefore, the risk of exposure to perchloroethylene in wood furniture

manufacturing operations is currently very low, and should continue to

be low.

III. Summary of Changes

The EPA is finalizing the proposed changes to table 6 of the Wood

Furniture NESHAP. Table 6 lists those VHAP that are thought to pose a

high concern for chronic toxicity. The regulations require affected

sources to track the usage levels of these chemicals as part of their

formulation assessment plans. The EPA, as a result of the negotiated

rulemaking process for the original rule, included in the table 6 list

only those chemicals with a toxicity composite score of 20 or higher.

The original table 6 contained subheadings for ``nonthreshold''

pollutants, ``high-concern'' pollutants, and ``unrankable'' pollutants.

These subheadings followed the hazard ranking classification scheme

proposed in regulations to implement the offsetting provisions of

section 112(g) of the Act. The EPA now believes, however, that these

subheadings, and footnote ``a'' which relates to these subheadings,

serve no substantive function in this rule and have been removed from

table 6. The definition of ``VHAP of potential concern'' has also been

revised to reflect this change in table 6.

Section 63.803(l)(6) is revised to eliminate the reference to the

112(g) regulations. This cross-reference is not necessary because table

6 has been revised to include the de minimis value for each chemical.

The de minimis values provided in table 6 are not changed from the

current values extrapolated from the proposed section 112(g)

regulations.

The EPA is also finalizing the proposed changes to tables 4 and 5.

The EPA is finalizing the proposed changes to table 5 to change the de

minimis level for 2-ethoxyethyl acetate from 5.0 to 10.0 tons per year.

The EPA is finalizing the proposed changes to table 4 of the Wood

Furniture NESHAP by removing trichloroethylene and perchloroethylene

from the list of prohibited cleaning and washoff solvents.

The EPA is taking this opportunity to make additional technical and

clarifying corrections to the final rule. The EPA has removed

caprolactam from the list of VHAP in table 2 of the rule because this

chemical has been delisted from the HAP list in section 112(b)(1) of

the Act (61 FR 30816).

The EPA has revised the definition of ``organic solvent'' to

reflect the EPA's intent in the final rule to regulate only those

organic solvents considered HAP. The definition in the final rule

should be limited to those organic solvents which are HAP. Therefore,

the EPA has added the term ``hazardous air pollutant'' to the

definition of organic solvent (e.g., organic HAP solvent). Elsewhere in

the text of the rule, the EPA has replaced the term ``organic solvent''

with the term ``organic HAP solvent.''

IV. Administrative Requirements

A. Docket

Docket A-93-10 is an organized and complete file of all of the

information submitted to, or otherwise considered by, the EPA in the

development of this rulemaking. The docket is a dynamic file, since

material is added throughout the rulemaking development. The docketing

system is intended to allow members of the public to readily identify

and locate documents to enable them to participate effectively in the

rulemaking process. The contents of the docket serve as the record for

purposes of judicial review (except for interagency review materials)

(section 307(d)(7)(A) of the Act, 42 U.S.C. 7607(d)(7)(A)).

B. Paperwork Reduction Act

There are no additional information collection requirements

contained in this action. Therefore, approval under the provisions of

the Paperwork Reduction Act, 44 U.S.C. 3501, et seq., is not required.

C. Executive Order 12866 Review

Under Executive Order 12866, the EPA must determine whether a

regulatory action is ``significant'' and, therefore, subject to Office

of Management and Budget (OMB) review and the requirements of the

Executive Order. The Executive Order defines ``significant'' regulatory

action as one that is likely to lead to a rule that may:

(1) Have an annual effect on the economy of $100 million or more or

adversely affect in a material way the economy, a sector of the

economy, productivity, competition, jobs, the environment, public

health or safety in State, local, or tribal governments or communities;

(2) create a serious inconsistency or otherwise interfere with an

action taken or planned by another agency;

(3) materially alter the budgetary impact of entitlements, grants,

user fees, or loan programs or the rights and obligations of recipients

thereof; or

(4) raise novel legal or policy issues arising out of legal

mandates, the President's priorities, or the principles set forth in

the Executive Order.

Pursuant to the terms of the Executive Order, it has been

determined that this final rule is not a ``significant regulatory

action'' within the meaning of the

[[Page 71379]]

Executive Order. These amendments do not add any new control

requirements.

D. Regulatory Flexibility

The EPA has determined that it is not necessary to prepare a

regulatory flexibility analysis in connection with these final

amendments to the rule. The EPA has also determined that these

amendments will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial

number of small entities. The changes should actually ease the

compliance burden of the Wood Furniture NESHAP. The amendments issued

today are expected to reduce the regulatory burden on facilities by

relaxing requirements related to specified chemical compounds and by

increasing one of the de minimis levels triggering regulatory action.

E. Submission to Congress and the General Accounting Office

The Congressional Review Act, 5 U.S.C. section 801, et seq., as

added by the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of

1996, generally provides that before a rule may take effect, the agency

promulgating the rule must submit a rule report, which includes a copy

of the rule, to each House of the Congress and to the Comptroller

General of the United States. The EPA will submit a report containing

this rule and other required information to the United States Senate,

the United States House of Representatives, and the Comptroller General

of the United States prior to publication of the rule in the Federal

Register. This action is not a ``major rule'' as defined by 5 U.S.C.

section 804(2).

F. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act

Title II of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA), Pub.L.

104-4, establishes requirements for Federal agencies to assess the

effects of their regulatory actions on State, local, and tribal

governments and the private sector. Under section 202 of the UMRA, the

EPA generally must prepare a written statement, including a cost-

benefit analysis, for proposed and final rules with ``Federal

mandates'' that may result in expenditures to State, local, and tribal

governments, in the aggregate, or to the private sector, of $100

million or more in any one year. Before promulgating an EPA rule for

which a written statement is needed, section 205 of the UMRA generally

requires the EPA to identify and consider a reasonable number of

regulatory alternatives and adopt the least costly, most cost-

effective, or least burdensome alternative that achieves the objectives

of the rule. The provisions of section 205 do not apply when they are

inconsistent with applicable law. Moreover, section 205 allows the EPA

to adopt an alternative other than the least costly, most cost-

effective, or least burdensome alternative if the Administrator

publishes with the final rule an explanation why that alternative was

not adopted. Before the EPA establishes any regulatory requirements

that may significantly or uniquely affect small governments, including

tribal governments, it must have developed under section 203 of the

UMRA a small government agency plan. The plan must provide for

notifying potentially affected small governments, enabling officials of

affected small governments to have meaningful and timely input in the

development of EPA regulatory proposals with significant Federal

intergovernmental mandates, and informing, educating, and advising

small governments on compliance with the regulatory requirements.

The EPA has determined that the action promulgated today does not

include a Federal mandate that may result in estimated costs of $100

million or more to either State, local, or tribal governments, in the

aggregate, or to the private sector in any one year. The changes

finalized in this action will generally ease compliance for entities

owning or operating wood furniture manufacturing facilities. The rule

does not impose enforceable duties on State, local, or tribal

governments. Therefore, the requirements of sections 202 and 205 of the

UMRA do not apply to this action.

The EPA has likewise determined that the action promulgated today

does not include any regulatory requirements that might significantly

or uniquely affect small governments. Today's action does not impose

any enforceable duties on small governments. Thus, today's action is

not subject to the requirements of section 203 of the UMRA.

G. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act

Section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement

Act of 1995 (NTTAA), Pub. L. No. 104-113, section 12(d) (15 U.S.C. 272

note), directs the EPA to use voluntary consensus standards in its

regulatory activities unless to do so would be inconsistent with

applicable law or otherwise impractical. Voluntary consensus standards

are technical standards (e.g., materials specifications, test methods,

sampling procedures, business practices, etc.) that are developed or

adopted by voluntary consensus standard bodies. The NTTAA requires the

EPA to provide Congress, through OMB, explanations when the Agency

decides not to use available and applicable voluntary consensus

standards.

This regulatory action makes amendments to the final rule that do

not involve any technical standards that would require the EPA to

consider voluntary consensus standards pursuant to section 12(d) of the

NTTAA.

H. Executive Order 12875: Enhancing Intergovernmental Partnership

Under Executive Order 12875, the EPA may not issue a regulation

that is not required by statute and that creates a mandate upon a

State, local, or tribal government, unless the Federal government

provides the funds necessary to pay the direct compliance costs

incurred by those governments, or the EPA consults with those

governments. If the EPA complies by consulting, Executive Order 12875

requires the EPA to provide to the OMB a description of the extent of

the EPA's prior consultation with representatives of affected State,

local, and tribal governments, the nature of their concerns, any

written communications from the governments, and a statement supporting

the need to issue the regulation. In addition, Executive Order 12875

requires the EPA to develop an effective process permitting elected

officials and other representatives of State, local, and tribal

governments ``to provide meaningful and timely input in the development

of regulatory proposals containing significant unfunded mandates.''

Today's amendments to the rule do not create a mandate on State,

local, or tribal governments. The amendments do not impose any

enforceable duties on these entities. Accordingly, the requirements of

section 1(a) of Executive Order 12875 do not apply to this rule.

I. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From Environmental

Health Risks and Safety Risks

Executive Order 13045, ``Protection of Children from Environmental

Health Risks and Safety Risks'' (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997), applies

to any rule that: (1) is determined to be ``economically significant''

as defined under Executive Order 12866, and (2) concerns an

environmental health or safety risk that EPA has reason to believe may

have a disproportionate effect on children. If the regulatory action

meets both criteria, the EPA must evaluate the environmental health or

safety effects of the planned rule on children, and

[[Page 71380]]

explain why the planned regulation is preferable to other potentially

effective and reasonably feasible alternatives considered by the

Agency.

This final rule is not subject to the Executive Order because it is

not economically significant as defined in Executive Order 12866, and

because it does not involve decisions on environmental health risks or

safety risks that may disproportionately affect children.

J. Executive Order 13084: Consultation and Coordination With Indian

Tribal Governments

Under Executive Order 13084, the EPA may not issue a regulation

that is not required by statute, that significantly or uniquely affects

the communities of Indian tribal governments, and that imposes

substantial direct compliance costs on those communities, unless the

Federal government provides the funds necessary to pay the direct

compliance costs incurred by the tribal governments, or the EPA

consults with those governments. If the EPA complies by consulting,

Executive Order 13084 requires the EPA to provide to the OMB, in a

separately identified section of the preamble to the rule, a

description of the extent of the EPA's prior consultation with

representatives of affected tribal governments, a summary of the nature

of their concerns, and a statement supporting the need to issue the

regulation. In addition, Executive Order 13084 requires the EPA to

develop an effective process permitting elected officials and other

representatives of Indian tribal governments ``to provide meaningful

and timely input in the development of regulatory policies on matters

that significantly or uniquely affect their communities.''

Today's amendments to the rule do not significantly or uniquely

affect the communities of Indian tribal governments. The amendments

issued today do not add any new requirements that are significantly or

uniquely applicable to tribal communities or governments, or that will

impose substantial compliance costs on these communities. Today's

action will generally ease the compliance burden of wood furniture

manufacturers subject to this rule. Accordingly, the requirements of

section 3(b) of Executive Order 13084 do not apply to this rule.

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 63

Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Hazardous

substances, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Wood furniture

manufacturing.

Dated: December 18, 1998.

Carol M. Browner,

Administrator.

For the reasons set out in the preamble, title 40, chapter I of the

Code of Federal Regulations is amended as follows:

PART 63--[AMENDED]

1. The authority citation for Part 63 continues to read as follows:

Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401, et seq.

Subpart JJ--National Emissions Standards for Wood Furniture

Manufacturing Operations

2. Section 63.801 is amended by revising the definitions for

``Cleaning operations,'' ``Disposed offsite,'' ``Equipment leak,''

``Recycled onsite,'' ``Strippable spray booth material,'' ``VHAP of

potential concern,'' and ``Washoff operations'' and by removing the

definition of ``Organic solvent'' and adding a definition of ``Organic

HAP solvent'' to read as follows:

Sec. 63.801 Definitions.

* * * * *

Cleaning operations means operations in which organic HAP solvent

is used to remove coating materials or adhesives from equipment used in

wood furniture manufacturing operations.

* * * * *

Disposed offsite means sending used organic HAP solvent or coatings

outside of the facility boundaries for disposal.

* * * * *

Equipment leak means emissions of VHAP from pumps, valves, flanges,

or other equipment used to transfer or apply coatings, adhesives, or

organic HAP solvents.

* * * * *

Organic HAP solvent means a HAP that is a volatile organic liquid

used for dissolving or dispersing constituents in a coating or contact

adhesive, adjusting the viscosity of a coating or contact adhesive, or

cleaning equipment. When used in a coating or contact adhesive, the

organic HAP solvent evaporates during drying and does not become a part

of the dried film.

* * * * *

Recycled onsite means the reuse of an organic HAP solvent in a

process other than cleaning or washoff.

* * * * *

Strippable spray booth material means a coating that:

(1) Is applied to a spray booth wall to provide a protective film

to receive over spray during finishing operations;

(2) That is subsequently peeled off and disposed; and

(3) By achieving (1) and (2) of this definition reduces or

eliminates the need to use organic HAP solvents to clean spray booth

walls.

* * * * *

VHAP of potential concern means any VHAP from the list in table 6

of this subpart.

* * * * *

Washoff operations means those operations in which organic HAP

solvent is used to remove coating from wood furniture or a wood

furniture component.

* * * * *

3. Section 63.803 is amended by revising paragraphs (c)(1), (d),

(f), (i), (j), and (l)(6) to read as follows:

Sec. 63.803 Work practice standards

* * * * *

(c) * * *

(1) A minimum visual inspection frequency of once per month for all

equipment used to transfer or apply coatings, adhesives, or organic HAP

solvents;

* * * * *

(d) Cleaning and washoff solvent accounting system. Each owner or

operator of an affected source shall develop an organic HAP solvent

accounting form to record:

(1) The quantity and type of organic HAP solvent used each month

for washoff and cleaning, as defined in Sec. 63.801 of this subpart;

(2) The number of pieces washed off, and the reason for the

washoff; and

(3) The quantity of spent organic HAP solvent generated from each

washoff and cleaning operation each month, and whether it is recycled

onsite or disposed offsite.

* * * * *

(f) Spray booth cleaning. Each owner or operator of an affected

source shall not use compounds containing more than 8.0 percent by

weight of VOC for cleaning spray booth components other than conveyors,

continuous coaters and their enclosures, or metal filters, or plastic

filters unless the spray booth is being refurbished. If the spray booth

is being refurbished, that is the spray booth coating or other

protective material used to cover the booth is being replaced, the

affected source shall use no more than 1.0 gallon of organic HAP

solvent per booth to prepare the surface of the booth prior to applying

the booth coating.

* * * * *

[[Page 71381]]

(i) Line cleaning. Each owner or operator of an affected source

shall pump or drain all organic HAP solvent used for line cleaning into

a normally closed container.

* * * * *

(j) Gun cleaning. Each owner or operator of an affected source

shall collect all organic HAP solvent used to clean spray guns into a

normally closed container.

* * * * *

(l) * * *

(6) If, after November 1998, an affected source uses a VHAP of

potential concern listed in table 6 of this subpart for which a

baseline level has not been previously established, then the baseline

level shall be established as the de minimis level provided in that

same table for that chemical. The affected source shall track the

annual usage of each VHAP of potential concern identified in this

paragraph that is present in amounts subject to MSDS reporting as

required by OSHA. If usage of the VHAP of potential concern exceeds the

de minimis level listed in table 6 of this subpart for that chemical,

then the affected source shall provide an explanation to the permitting

authority that documents the reason for the exceedance of the de

minimis level. If the explanation is not one of those listed in

paragraphs (l)(4)(i) through (l)(4)(iv) of this section, the affected

source shall follow the procedures in paragraph (l)(5) of this section.

4. Table 2 of subpart JJ is revised to read as follows:

Table 2.--List of Volatile Hazardous Air Pollutants

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Chemical name CAS No.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Acetaldehyde................................................. 75070

Acetamide.................................................... 60355

Acetonitrile................................................. 75058

Acetophenone................................................. 98862

2-Acetylaminofluorine........................................ 53963

Acrolein..................................................... 107028

Acrylamide................................................... 79061

Acrylic acid................................................. 79107

Acrylonitrile................................................ 107131

Allyl chloride............................................... 107051

4-Aminobiphenyl.............................................. 92671

Aniline...................................................... 62533

o-Anisidine.................................................. 90040

Benzene...................................................... 71432

Benzidine.................................................... 92875

Benzotrichloride............................................. 98077

Benzyl chloride.............................................. 100447

Biphenyl..................................................... 92524

Bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP).......................... 117817

Bis (chloromethyl) ether..................................... 542881

Bromoform.................................................... 75252

1,3-Butadiene................................................ 106990

Carbon disulfide............................................. 75150

Carbon tetrachloride......................................... 56235

Carbonyl sulfide............................................. 463581

Catechol..................................................... 120809

Chloroacetic acid............................................ 79118

2-Chloroacetophenone......................................... 532274

Chlorobenzene................................................ 108907

Chloroform................................................... 67663

Chloromethyl methyl ether.................................... 107302

Chloroprene.................................................. 126998

Cresols (isomers and mixture)................................ 1319773

o-Cresol..................................................... 95487

m-Cresol..................................................... 108394

p-Cresol..................................................... 106445

Cumene....................................................... 98828

2,4-D (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, including salts and

esters)..................................................... 94757

DDE (1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene)........... 72559

Diazomethane................................................. 334883

Dibenzofuran................................................. 132649

1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane.................................. 96128

Dibutylphthalate............................................. 84742

1,4-Dichlorobenzene.......................................... 106467

3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine....................................... 91941

Dichloroethyl ether (Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether)................ 111444

1,3-Dichloropropene.......................................... 542756

Diethanolamine............................................... 111422

N,N-Dimethylaniline.......................................... 121697

Diethyl sulfate.............................................. 64675

3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine...................................... 119904

4-Dimethylaminoazobenzene.................................... 60117

3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine....................................... 119937

Dimethylcarbamoyl chloride................................... 79447

N,N-Dimethylformamide........................................ 68122

1,1-Dimethylhydrazine........................................ 57147

Dimethyl phthalate........................................... 131113

Dimethyl sulfate............................................. 77781

4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol, and salts.............................. 534521

2,4-Dinitrophenol............................................ 51285

2,4-Dinitrotoluene........................................... 121142

1,4-Dioxane (1,4-Diethyleneoxide)............................ 123911

1,2-Diphenylhydrazine........................................ 122667

Epichlorohydrin (1-Chloro-2,3-epoxypropane).................. 106898

1,2-Epoxybutane.............................................. 106887

Ethyl acrylate............................................... 140885

Ethylbenzene................................................. 100414

Ethyl carbamate (Urethane)................................... 51796

Ethyl chloride (Chloroethane)................................ 75003

Ethylene dibromide (Dibromoethane)........................... 106934

Ethylene dichloride (1,2-Dichloroethane)..................... 107062

Ethylene glycol.............................................. 107211

Ethylene oxide............................................... 75218

Ethylenethiourea............................................. 96457

Ethylidene dichloride (1,1-Dichloroethane)................... 75343

Formaldehyde................................................. 50000

Glycolethers a............................................... .........

Hexachlorobenzene............................................ 118741

Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene..................................... 87683

Hexachloroethane............................................. 67721

Hexamethylene-1,6-diisocyanate............................... 822060

Hexamethylphosphoramide...................................... 680319

Hexane....................................................... 110543

Hydrazine.................................................... 302012

Hydroquinone................................................. 123319

Isophorone................................................... 78591

Maleic anhydride............................................. 108316

Methanol..................................................... 67561

Methyl bromide (Bromomethane)................................ 74839

Methyl chloride (Chloromethane).............................. 74873

Methyl chloroform (1,1,1-Trichloroethane).................... 71556

Methyl ethyl ketone (2-Butanone)............................. 78933

Methylhydrazine.............................................. 60344

Methyl iodide (Iodomethane).................................. 74884

Methyl isobutyl ketone (Hexone).............................. 108101

Methyl isocyanate............................................ 624839

Methyl methacrylate.......................................... 80626

Methyl tert-butyl ether...................................... 1634044

4,4'-Methylenebis (2-chloroaniline).......................... 101144

Methylene chloride (Dichloromethane)......................... 75092

4,4'-Methylenediphenyl diisocyanate (MDI).................... 101688

4,4'-Methylenedianiline...................................... 101779

Naphthalene.................................................. 91203

Nitrobenzene................................................. 98953

4-Nitrobiphenyl.............................................. 92933

4-Nitrophenol................................................ 100027

2-Nitropropane............................................... 79469

N-Nitroso-N-methylurea....................................... 684935

N-Nitrosodimethylamine....................................... 62759

N-Nitrosomorpholine.......................................... 59892

Phenol....................................................... 108952

p-Phenylenediamine........................................... 106503

Phosgene..................................................... 75445

Phthalic anhydride........................................... 85449

Polychlorinated biphenyls (Aroclors)......................... 1336363

Polycyclic Organic Matter b ................................. .........

1,3-Propane sultone.......................................... 1120714

beta-Propiolactone........................................... 57578

Propionaldehyde.............................................. 123386

Propoxur (Baygon)............................................ 114261

Propylene dichloride (1,2-Dichloropropane)................... 78875

Propylene oxide.............................................. 75569

1,2-Propylenimine (2-Methyl aziridine)....................... 75558

Quinone...................................................... 106514

Styrene...................................................... 100425

Styrene oxide................................................ 96093

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin.......................... 1746016

1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane.................................... 79345

Tetrachloroethylene (Perchloroethylene)...................... 127184

Toluene...................................................... 108883

2,4-Toluenediamine........................................... 95807

Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate..................................... 584849

o-Toluidine.................................................. 95534

1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene....................................... 120821

1,1,2-Trichloroethane........................................ 79005

Trichloroethylene............................................ 79016

2,4,5-Trichlorophenol........................................ 95954

2,4,6-Trichlorophenol........................................ 88062

Triethylamine................................................ 121448

Trifluralin.................................................. 1582098

2,2,4-Trimethylpentane....................................... 540841

Vinyl acetate................................................ 108054

Vinyl bromide................................................ 593602

Vinyl chloride............................................... 75014

Vinylidene chloride (1,1-Dichloroethylene)................... 75354

Xylenes (isomers and mixture)................................ 1330207

o-Xylene..................................................... 95476

m-Xylene..................................................... 108383

[[Page 71382]]

p-Xylene..................................................... 106423

------------------------------------------------------------------------

a Includes mono- and di-ethers of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycols

and triethylene glycol; R-(OCH2CH2) RR-OR where:

n = 1, 2, or 3,

R = alkyl or aryl groups

R'= R, H, or groups which, when removed, yield glycol ethers with the

structure: R-(OCH2CH2)n--OH. Polymers are excluded from the glycol

category.

b Includes organic compounds with more than one benzene ring, and which

have a boiling point greater than or equal to 100 deg.C.

5. Table 4 of subpart JJ is revised to read as follows:

Table 4.--Pollutants Excluded From Use in Cleaning and Washoff Solvents

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Chemical name CAS No.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

4-Aminobiphenyl.............................................. 92671

Styrene oxide................................................ 96093

Diethyl sulfate.............................................. 64675

N-Nitrosomorpholine.......................................... 59892

Dimethyl formamide........................................... 68122

Hexamethylphosphoramide...................................... 680319

Acetamide.................................................... 60355

4,4'-Methylenedianiline...................................... 101779

o-Anisidine.................................................. 90040

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin.......................... 1746016

Beryllium salts.............................................. .........

Benzidine.................................................... 92875

N-Nitroso-N-methylurea....................................... 684935

Bis (chloromethyl) ether..................................... 542881

Dimethyl carbamoyl chloride.................................. 79447

Chromium compounds (hexavalent).............................. .........

1,2-Propylenimine (2-Methyl aziridine)....................... 75558

Arsenic and inorganic arsenic compounds...................... 99999904

Hydrazine.................................................... 302012

1,1-Dimethyl hydrazine....................................... 57147

Beryllium compounds.......................................... 7440417

1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane.................................. 96128

N-Nitrosodimethylamine....................................... 62759

Cadmium compounds............................................ .........

Benzo (a) pyrene............................................. 50328

Polychlorinated biphenyls (Aroclors)......................... 1336363

Heptachlor................................................... 76448

3,3'-Dimethyl benzidine...................................... 119937

Nickel subsulfide............................................ 12035722

Acrylamide................................................... 79061

Hexachlorobenzene............................................ 118741

Chlordane.................................................... 57749

1,3-Propane sultone.......................................... 1120714

1,3-Butadiene................................................ 106990

Nickel refinery dust......................................... .........

2-Acetylaminoflourine........................................ 53963

3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine....................................... 53963

Lindane (hexachlorcyclohexane, gamma)........................ 58899

2,4-Toluene diamine.......................................... 95807

Dichloroethyl ether (Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether)............... 111444

1,2-Diphenylhydrazine........................................ 122667

Toxaphene (chlorinated camphene)............................. 8001352

2,4-Dinitrotoluene........................................... 121142

3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine...................................... 119904

Formaldehyde................................................. 50000

4,4'-Methylene bis (2-chloroaniline)......................... 101144

Acrylonitrile................................................ 107131

Ethylene dibromide (1,2-Dibromoethane)....................... 106934

DDE (1,1-p-chlorophenyl 1-2 dichloroethylene)................ 72559

Chlorobenzilate.............................................. 510156

Dichlorvos................................................... 62737

Vinyl chloride............................................... 75014

Coke Oven Emissions.......................................... .........

Ethylene oxide............................................... 75218

Ethylene thiourea............................................ 96457

Vinyl bromide (bromoethene).................................. 593602

Selenium sulfide (mono and di)............................... 7488564

Chloroform................................................... 67663

Pentachlorophenol............................................ 87865

Ethyl carbamate (Urethane)................................... 51796

Ethylene dichloride (1,2-Dichloroethane)..................... 107062

Propylene dichloride (1,2-Dichloropropane)................... 78875

Carbon tetrachloride......................................... 56235

Benzene...................................................... 71432

Methyl hydrazine............................................. 60344

Ethyl acrylate............................................... 140885

Propylene oxide.............................................. 75569

Aniline...................................................... 62533

1,4-Dichlorobenzene(p)....................................... 106467

2,4,6-Trichlorophenol........................................ 88062

Bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP).......................... 117817

o-Toluidine.................................................. 95534

Propoxur..................................................... 114261

1,4-Dioxane (1,4-Diethyleneoxide)............................ 123911

Acetaldehyde................................................. 75070

Bromoform.................................................... 75252

Captan....................................................... 133062

Epichlorohydrin.............................................. 106898

Methylene chloride (Dichloromethane)......................... 75092

Dibenz (ah) anthracene....................................... 53703

Chrysene..................................................... 218019

Dimethyl aminoazobenzene..................................... 60117

Benzo (a) anthracene......................................... 56553

Benzo (b) fluoranthene....................................... 205992

Antimony trioxide............................................ 1309644

2-Nitropropane............................................... 79469

1,3-Dichloropropene.......................................... 542756

7, 12-Dimethylbenz(a) anthracene............................. 57976

Benz(c) acridine............................................. 225514

Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene....................................... 193395

1,2:7,8-Dibenzopyrene........................................ 189559

------------------------------------------------------------------------

6. Table 5 of subpart JJ is revised to read as follows:

Table 5.--List of VHAP of Potential Concern Identified by Industry

------------------------------------------------------------------------

EPA de

CAS No. Chemical name minimis, tons/

yr

------------------------------------------------------------------------

68122.............. Dimethyl formamide................. 1.0

50000.............. Formaldehyde....................... 0.2

75092.............. Methylene chloride................. 4.0

79469.............. 2-Nitropropane..................... 1.0

78591.............. Isophorone......................... 0.7

1000425............ Styrene monomer.................... 1.0

108952............. Phenol............................. 0.1

111422............. Dimethanolamine.................... 5.0

109864............. 2-Methoxyethanol................... 10.0

111159............. 2-Ethoxyethyl acetate.............. 10.0

------------------------------------------------------------------------

7. Table 6 of subpart JJ is revised to read as follow:

[[Page 71383]]

Table 6.--VHAP of Potential Concern

------------------------------------------------------------------------

EPA de

CAS No. Chemical name minimis, tons/

yr*

------------------------------------------------------------------------

92671.............. 4-Aminobiphenyl.................... 1.0

96093.............. Styrene oxide...................... 1.0

64675.............. Diethyl sulfate.................... 1.0

59892.............. N-Nitrosomorpholine................ 1.0

68122.............. Dimethyl formamide................. 1.0

680319............. Hexamethylphosphoramide............ 0.01

60355.............. Acetamide.......................... 1.0

101779............. 4,4'-Methylenedianiline............ 1.0

90040.............. o-Anisidine........................ 1.0

1746016............ 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin 0.00000006

92875.............. Benzidine.......................... 0.00003

684935............. N-Nitroso-N-methylurea............. 0.00002

542881............. Bis(chloromethyl) ether............ 0.00003

79447.............. Dimethyl carbamoyl chloride........ 0.002

75558.............. 1,2-Propylenimine (2-Methyl 0.0003

aziridine).

57147.............. 1,1-Dimethyl hydrazine............. 0.0008

96128.............. 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane........ 0.001

62759.............. N-Nitrosodimethylamine............. 0.0001

50328.............. Benzo (a) pyrene................... 0.001

1336363............ Polychlorinated biphenyls 0.0009

(Aroclors).

76448.............. Heptachlor......................... 0.002

119937............. 3,3'-Dimethyl benzidine............ 0.001

79061.............. Acrylamide......................... 0.002

118741............. Hexachlorobenzene.................. 0.004

57749.............. Chlordane.......................... 0.005

1120714............ 1,3-Propane sultone................ 0.003

106990............. 1,3-Butadiene...................... 0.007

53963.............. 2-Acetylaminoflourine.............. 0.0005

91941.............. 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine............. 0.02

58899.............. Lindane (hexachlorocyclohexane, 0.005

gamma).

95807.............. 2,4-Toluene diamine................ 0.002

111444............. Dichloroethyl ether (Bis(2- 0.006

chloroethyl)ether).

122667............. 1,2--Diphenylhydrazine............. 0.009

8001352............ Toxaphene (chlorinated camphene)... 0.006

121142............. 2,4-Dinitrotoluene................. 0.002

119904............. 3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine............ 0.01

50000.............. Formaldehyde....................... 0.2

101144............. 4,4'-Methylene bis(2-chloroaniline) 0.02

107131............. Acrylonitrile...................... 0.03

106934............. Ethylene dibromide(1,2- 0.01

Dibromoethane).

72559.............. DDE (1,1-p-chlorophenyl 1-2 0.01

dichloroethylene).

510156............. Chlorobenzilate.................... 0.04

62737.............. Dichlorvos......................... 0.02

75014.............. Vinyl chloride..................... 0.02

75218.............. Ethylene oxide..................... 0.09

96457.............. Ethylene thiourea.................. 0.06

593602............. Vinyl bromide (bromoethene)........ 0.06

67663.............. Chloroform......................... 0.09

87865.............. Pentachlorophenol.................. 0.07

51796.............. Ethyl carbamate (Urethane)......... 0.08

107062............. Ethylene dichloride (1,2- 0.08

Dichloroethane).

78875.............. Propylene dichloride (1,2- 0.1

Dichloropropane).

56235.............. Carbon tetrachloride............... 0.1

71432.............. Benzene............................ 0.2

140885............. Ethyl acrylate..................... 0.1

75569.............. Propylene oxide.................... 0.5

62533.............. Aniline............................ 0.1

106467............. 1,4-Dichlorobenzene(p)............. 0.3

88062.............. 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol.............. 0.6

117817............. Bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) 0.5

95534.............. o-Toluidine........................ 0.4

114261............. Propoxur........................... 2.0

79016.............. Trichloroethylene.................. 1.0

123911............. 1,4-Dioxane (1,4-Diethyleneoxide).. 0.6

75070.............. Acetaldehyde....................... 0.9

75252.............. Bromoform.......................... 2.0

133062............. Captan............................. 2.0

106898............. Epichlorohydrin.................... 2.0

75092.............. Methylene chloride 4.0

(Dichloromethane).

127184............. Tetrachloroethylene 4.0

(Perchloroethylene).

53703.............. Dibenz (ah) anthracene............. 0.01

[[Page 71384]]

218019............. Chrysene........................... 0.01

60117.............. Dimethyl aminoazobenzene........... 1.0

56553.............. Benzo (a) anthracene............... 0.01

205992............. Benzo (b) fluoranthene............. 0.01

79469.............. 2-Nitropropane..................... 1.0

542756............. 1,3-Dichloropropene................ 1.0

57976.............. 7,12-Dimethylbenz (a) anthracene... 0.01

225514............. Benz(c)acridine.................... 0.01

193395............. Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene............. 0.01

189559............. 1,2:7,8-Dibenzopyrene.............. 0.01

79345.............. 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane.......... 0.03

91225.............. Quinoline.......................... 0.0006

75354.............. Vinylidene chloride (1,1- 0.04

Dichloroethylene).

87683.............. Hexachlorobutadiene................ 0.09

82688.............. Pentachloronitrobenzene 0.03

(Quintobenzene).

78591.............. Isophorone......................... 0.7

79005.............. 1,1,2-Trichloroethane.............. 0.1

74873.............. Methyl chloride (Chloromethane).... 1.0

67721.............. Hexachloroethane................... 0.5

1582098............ Trifluralin........................ 0.9

1319773............ Cresols/Cresylic acid (isomers and 1.0

mixture).

108394............. m-Cresol........................... 1.0

75343.............. Ethylidene dichloride (1,1- 1.0

Dichloroethane).

95487.............. o-Cresol........................... 1.0

106445............. p-Cresol........................... 1.0

74884.............. Methyl iodide (Iodomethane)........ 1.0

100425............. Styrene............................ 1.0

107051............. Allyl chloride..................... 1.0

334883............. Diazomethane....................... 1.0

95954.............. 2,4,5--Trichlorophenol............. 1.0

133904............. Chloramben......................... 1.0

106887............. 1,2--Epoxybutane................... 1.0

108054............. Vinyl acetate...................... 1.0

126998............. Chloroprene........................ 1.0

123319............. Hydroquinone....................... 1.0

92933.............. 4-Nitrobiphenyl.................... 1.0

56382.............. Parathion.......................... 0.1

13463393........... Nickel Carbonyl.................... 0.1

60344.............. Methyl hydrazine................... 0.006

151564............. Ethylene imine..................... 0.0003

77781.............. Dimethyl sulfate................... 0.1

107302............. Chloromethyl methyl ether.......... 0.1

57578.............. beta-Propiolactone................. 0.1

100447............. Benzyl chloride.................... 0.04

98077.............. Benzotrichloride................... 0.0006

107028............. Acrolein........................... 0.04

584849............. 2,4--Toluene diisocyanate.......... 0.1

75741.............. Tetramethyl lead................... 0.01

78002.............. Tetraethyl lead.................... 0.01

12108133........... Methylcyclopentadienyl manganese... 0.1

624839............. Methyl isocyanate.................. 0.1

77474.............. Hexachlorocyclopentadiene.......... 0.1

62207765........... Fluomine........................... 0.1

10210681........... Cobalt carbonyl.................... 0.1

79118.............. Chloroacetic acid.................. 0.1

534521............. 4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol, and salts.... 0.1

101688............. Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate.... 0.1

108952............. Phenol............................. 0.1

62384.............. Mercury, (acetato-o) phenyl........ 0.01

98862.............. Acetophenone....................... 1.0

108316............. Maleic anhydride................... 1.0

532274............. 2-Chloroacetophenone............... 0.06

51285.............. 2,4-Dinitrophenol.................. 1.0

109864............. 2-Methyoxy ethanol................. 10.0

98953.............. Nitrobenzene....................... 1.0

74839.............. Methyl bromide (Bromomethane)...... 10.0

75150.............. Carbon disulfide................... 1.0

121697............. N,N-Dimethylaniline................ 1.0

106514............. Quinone............................ 5.0

123386............. Propionaldehyde.................... 5.0

120809............. Catechol........................... 5.0

[[Page 71385]]

85449.............. Phthalic anhydride................. 5.0

463581............. Carbonyl sulfide................... 5.0

132649............. Dibenzofurans...................... 5.0

100027............. 4-Nitrophenol...................... 5.0

540841............. 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane............. 5.0

111422............. Diethanolamine..................... 5.0

822060............. Hexamethylene-1,6-diisocyanate..... 5.0

Glycol ethersa..................... 5.0

Polycyclic organic matterb......... 0.01

------------------------------------------------------------------------

* These values are based on the de minimis levels provided in the

proposed rulemaking pursuant to section 112(g) of the Act using a 70-

year lifetime exposure duration for all VHAP. Default assumptions and

the de minimis values based on inhalation reference doses (RfC) are

not changed by this adjustment.

a Except for ethylene glycol butyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether (2-

ethoxy ethanol), ethylene glycol hexyl ether, ethylene glycol methyl

ether (2-methoxyethanol), ethylene glycol phenyl ether, ethylene

glycol propyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-2-ethylhexyl ether,

diethylene glycol butyl ether, diethylene glycol ethyl ether,

diethylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol hexyl ether,

diethylene glycol phenyl ether, diethylene glycol propyl ether,

triethylene glycol butyl ether, triethylene glycol ethyl ether,

triethylene glycol methyl ether, triethylene glycol propyl ether,

ethylene glycol butyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol ethyl ether

acetate, and diethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate.

b Except for benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(a)anthracene, benzo(a)pyrene,

7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene, benz(c)acridine, chrysene, dibenz(ah)

anthracene, 1,2:7,8-dibenzopyrene, indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene, but

including dioxins and furans.

[FR Doc. 98-34308 Filed 12-24-98; 8:45 am]

BILLING CODE 6560-50-P