National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants: Wood Furniture Manufacturing Operations

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 63

[AD-FRL-6114-6]

RIN 2060-AH66

National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants: Wood

Furniture Manufacturing Operations

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Proposed amendments to final rule.

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SUMMARY: This action proposes amendments to the national emission

standards for hazardous air pollutants (NESHAP) promulgated in the

Federal Register on December 7, 1995 for wood furniture manufacturing

operations. This proposal offers amendments to the rule pursuant to

three agreements reached in settlement of the following petitions for

review: Chemical Manufacturers Association v. EPA, No. 96-1031 (D.C.

Cir.); Halogenated Solvents Industry Alliance, Inc. v. EPA, No. 96-1036

(D.C. Cir.); and Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc., v. Browner,

No. 96-1038 (D.C. Cir.). This proposal also offers clarifying

amendments, as well as technical amendments to certain sections of the

final rule.

DATES: Comments. Comments must be received on or before July 24, 1998,

unless a hearing is requested by July 6, 1998. If a hearing is

requested, written comments must be received by August 10, 1998.

Public Hearing. Anyone requesting a public hearing must contact the

EPA no later than July 6, 1998. If a hearing is held, it will take

place on July 9, 1998, beginning at 10:00 a.m.

ADDRESSES: Comments. Interested parties may submit written comments (in

duplicate, if possible) to: Air and Radiation Docket and Information

Center (6102), Attention, Docket No. A-93-10, U.S. Environmental

Protection Agency, 401 M Street, SW, Washington, DC 20460. Comments on

the proposed changes to the NESHAP may also be submitted electronically

by sending electronic mail (e-mail) to: [email protected].

Public Hearing. If a public hearing is held, it will be held at the

EPA's Office of Administration Auditorium, Research Triangle Park,

North Carolina. Persons interested in attending the hearing or wishing

to present oral testimony should notify Mrs. Kim Teal, U.S.

Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, N.C. 27711,

telephone (919) 541-5580.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For information concerning the

standards and the proposed changes, contact Mr. Paul Almodovar,

Coatings and Consumer Products Group, Emission Standards Division (MD-

13), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC

27711; telephone (919) 541-0283. For information regarding the

applicability of this action to a particular entity, contact Mr. Robert

Marshall, Manufacturing Branch, Office of Compliance (2223A), U.S. EPA,

401 M Street, SW, Washington, DC 20460; telephone (202) 564-7021.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Electronic Comment Submission

Electronic comments must be submitted as an ASCII file avoiding the

use of special characters and any form of encryption. Comments also

will be accepted on diskette in WordPerfect 5.1 or ASCII file format.

All comments in electronic form must be identified by the docket number

A-93-10. No confidential business information should be submitted

through e-mail. Electronic comments may be filed on-line at many

Federal Depository Libraries.

[[Page 34337]]

Regulated Entities

Entities potentially regulated by this action are owners or

operators of facilities that are engaged, either in part or in whole,

in wood furniture manufacturing operations and that are major sources

as defined in 40 CFR part 63, subpart A, section 63.2. Regulated

categories include:

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Category Examples of regulated entities

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Industry............................... Facilities which are major

sources of hazardous air

pollutants (HAP) and

manufacture wood furniture or

wood furniture components.

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This table is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather provides a

guide for readers regarding entities that the EPA is now aware

potentially could be regulated by this action. Other types of entities

not listed in the table also could be regulated. To determine whether

your facility [company, business, organization, etc.] is regulated by

this action, you should carefully examine the applicability criteria in

section 63.800 of the NESHAP for wood furniture manufacturing

operations that was promulgated in the Federal Register on December 7,

1995 (60 FR 62930) and codified at 40 CFR 63 Subpart JJ. If you have

questions regarding the applicability of this action to a particular

entity, consult Mr. Robert Marshall at the address listed in the

preceding FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.

The information presented below is organized as follows:

I. Background

II. Summary of Proposed Changes

III. Administrative Requirements

A. Docket

B. Paperwork Reduction Act

C. Executive Order 12866

D. Regulatory Flexibility Act

E. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act

F. Executive Order 13045

G. Executive Order 12875

H. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act

I. Background

On December 7, 1995 (60 FR 62930), the EPA promulgated NESHAP for

wood furniture manufacturing operations (Wood Furniture NESHAP). These

standards were codified as subpart JJ in 40 CFR part 63. These

standards established emission limits for, among other things, coating

and gluing of wood furniture and wood furniture components. Three

different parties, the Chemical Manufacturers Association (CMA), the

Halogenated Solvents Industry Alliance, Inc. (HSIA), and the Society of

the Plastics Industry, Inc. (SPI), petitioned for judicial review of

the final rule under section 307(b) of the Clean Air Act (the Act).

The EPA executed settlement agreements with each of these

petitioners on December 18, 1997. In accordance with section 113(g) of

the Act, the EPA published notice of the petitions in the Federal

Register on December 24, 1997 (62 FR 67360). The notice provided a 30-

day opportunity for public comment. One comment, supporting the

agreements, was submitted.

The settlement agreement between the EPA and the CMA requires the

EPA to conduct notice and comment rulemaking proposing that certain

glycol ethers be removed from the list of volatile hazardous air

pollutants (VHAP) of potential concern in table 6 of the Wood Furniture

NESHAP. The agreement also provides that the de minimis value in table

5 for 2-ethoxyethyl acetate be changed from 5.0 tons per year to 10.0

tons per year.

The settlement agreement between the EPA and the HSIA requires the

EPA: (1) to conduct notice-and-comment rulemaking in accordance with

section 307(d) of the Act proposing that perchloroethylene and

trichloroethylene be deleted from the list of pollutants prohibited

from use in cleaning and washoff solvents under Sec. 63.803(e) of the

regulations (table 4 of the Wood Furniture NESHAP); and (2) to give

great weight to the recommendations of the Science Panel of the Joint

Methylene Chloride Characterization Task Force regarding whether a

reassessment of the cancer hazard for methylene chloride should be

undertaken based on current scientific information. The settlement

agreement also requires the EPA to conduct additional notice and

comment rulemaking with respect to methylene chloride if methylene

chloride is reassessed and certain findings are made as a result of

that reassessment.

The settlement agreement between the EPA and the SPI requires the

EPA to propose technical amendments to the Wood Furniture NESHAP that

would remove the subheadings of ``Nonthreshold Pollutants,'' ``High-

Concern Pollutants,'' and ``Unrankable Pollutants'' in table 6, and to

remove footnote ``a'' to table 6 which relates to these hazard ranking

classifications.

This action proposes changes to the Wood Furniture NESHAP to

address the settlement agreements discussed above. This action also

proposes clarifying changes and corrections which were identified after

promulgation of the rule.

II. Summary of Proposed Changes

In order to affect the settlement agreement between the EPA and the

CMA, and between the EPA and the SPI, the EPA is proposing to revise

table 6 of the Wood Furniture NESHAP.

Table 6 lists those VHAP that are thought to pose a high concern

for chronic toxicity. The regulations require affected sources to track

the usage levels of these chemicals as part of their formulation

assessment plans. The EPA, as a result of the negotiated rulemaking

process for the final rule, included in the table 6 list only those

chemicals with a toxicity composite score of 20 or higher.

The original table 6 excepted three glycol ether compounds from the

list of VHAP of potential concern because of the relatively low

toxicity of these compounds. In its challenge of the final rule, the

CMA claimed that additional glycol ethers should be excluded from table

6, and asked that the EPA review toxicity data for other specified

glycol ether compounds. The settlement agreement listed 17 other glycol

ethers which the parties agreed should not, at this time, be considered

VHAP of potential concern under this rule because either the EPA lacked

sufficient toxicity information on the compound or subsequent data

demonstrated a low toxicity for the compound. Since signing the

settlement agreement, the EPA has completed a preliminary literature

review of toxicity studies for all of the listed compounds to determine

if any have evidence of relatively severe toxicity. As a result of this

screening analysis, the EPA believes that the likely hazards posed by

these compounds are probably well below the cutoff level for treating

these compounds as VHAP of potential concern and for the purposes of

this rule should not be listed in table 6.1 Additional

information on the EPA's toxicity review can be found in the docket

listed in the preceding ADDRESSES section.

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\1\ This review was conducted solely for this rule to confirm

the reasonableness of the proposed changes based on the relative

toxicity of these compounds. The EPA has conducted no peer review of

these toxicity findings and has not developed a consensus position

regarding the actual toxicity of these compounds.

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The original table 6 contained subheadings for ``nonthreshold''

pollutants, ``high-concern'' pollutants, and ``unrankable'' pollutants.

These subheadings followed the hazard ranking classification scheme

proposed in regulations to implement the offsetting provisions of

section 112(g) of

[[Page 34338]]

the Act. The EPA now believes, however, that these subheadings, and

footnote ``a'' which relates to these subheadings, serve no substantive

function in this rule and should be removed from table 6. The

definition of ``VHAP of potential concern'' is proposed to be revised

to reflect this change in table 6.

Section 63.803(l)(6) is also being proposed to be revised to

eliminate the reference to the 112(g) regulations. The formulation

assessment plan provision in Sec. 63.803(l)(6) requires that if, after

November 1998, an affected source uses any VHAP of potential concern

listed in table 6, it must keep track of the annual usage of that

chemical and report to the permitting authority if the usage exceeds

the relevant de minimis value for that chemical. Section 63.803(l)(6)

currently references section 112(g) regulations to determine the

relevant de minimis values. This cross-reference is not necessary

because table 6 is proposed to be revised to include the de minimis

value for each chemical. The de minimis values provided in table 6 are

not changed from the current values extrapolated from the proposed

section 112(g) regulations.

In order to implement the settlement agreement between the EPA and

the CMA, the EPA is also proposing to revise table 5 to change the de

minimis level for 2-ethoxyethyl acetate from 5.0 to 10.0 tons per year.

The EPA has concluded that the toxicity for 2-ethoxyethyl acetate is

relatively low and in the absence of a more quantitative assessment

(i.e., an inhalation reference concentration) for this chemical, the

EPA's hazard ranking guidelines provide a default de minimis value of

10.0 tons per year. The proposed change of the 2-ethoxyethyl acetate de

minimis value is thus consistent with the EPA's methodology.

In order to implement the settlement agreement between the EPA and

the HSIA, the EPA is proposing to revise table 4 of the Wood Furniture

NESHAP by removing trichloroethylene and perchloroethylene from the

list of prohibited cleaning and washoff solvents. The EPA intended to

include in table 4 those pollutants classified under the EPA's hazard

ranking methodology as Group A (known human carcinogen) or Group B

(probable human carcinogen). The EPA currently considers both

perchloroethylene and trichloroethylene as intermediately classified

between a probable and possible human carcinogen(Group B/C). The EPA is

in the process of revising its cancer risk assessment guidelines and is

currently reassessing these pollutants. Since a definitive assessment

of the carcinogenicity of these two chemicals has not been finalized by

the EPA, and given the current carcinogenicity classifications of these

chemicals, the EPA is proposing to remove them from table 4. Note,

however, that this proposed change in Table 4 does not imply any change

in the EPA's current scientific evaluation of these pollutants, nor

does it carry any weight with respect to policies adopted toward these

pollutants in other regulatory contexts.

The EPA is also taking this opportunity to propose additional

technical and clarifying corrections to the final rule. The EPA is

proposing to remove caprolactam from the list of VHAP in table 2 of the

rule because this chemical has been delisted from the HAP list in

section 112(b)(1) of the Act (61 FR 30816).

The EPA is proposing to revise the definition of ``organic

solvent'' to reflect the EPA's intent in the final rule to regulate

only those organic solvents considered HAP. Since the promulgation of

the NESHAP there has been some confusion on what organic solvents are

regulated by the rule. The work practice standards in Sec. 63.803(d)of

the NESHAP include requirements for each owner or operator of a wood

furniture manufacturing facility to develop an organic solvent

accounting system. In addition, Sec. 63.803(f) requires that an

affected source use no more than 1.0 gallon of organic solvent per

booth to prepare the surface of the booth prior to applying the booth

coating. The current rule defines organic solvent as ``a volatile

organic liquid that is used for dissolving or dispersing constituents

in a coating or contact adhesive, adjusting the viscosity of a coating

or contact adhesive, or cleaning equipment. When used in a coating or

contact adhesive, the organic solvent evaporates during drying and does

not become a part of the dried film.'' The definition in the final rule

should be limited to those organic solvents which are HAP. Therefore,

the EPA is proposing to add the term ``hazardous air pollutant'' to the

definition of organic solvent (e.g., organic HAP solvent). Elsewhere in

the text of the rule, the EPA is proposing to replace the term

``organic solvent'' with the term ``organic HAP solvent.''

III. Administrative Requirements

A. Docket

Docket A-93-10 is an organized and complete file of all of the

information submitted to, or otherwise considered by, the EPA in the

development of this rulemaking. The docket is a dynamic file, since

material is added throughout the rulemaking development. The docketing

system is intended to allow members of the public to readily identify

and locate documents to enable them to participate effectively in the

rulemaking process. The contents of the docket serve as the record for

purposes of judicial review (except forCAA interagency review

materials) (Sec. 307(d)(7)(A) of the Act, 42 U.S.C. 7607(d)(7)(A)).

B. Paperwork Reduction Act

There are no additional information collection requirements

contained in this proposal. Therefore, approval under the provisions of

the Paperwork Reduction Act, 44 U.S.C. 3501, et seq., is not required.

C. Executive Order 12866

Under Executive Order 12866, the EPA is required to determine

whether a regulation is ``significant,'' and therefore, subject to

Office of Management and Budget (OMB) review and the requirements of

this Executive Order to prepare a regulatory impact analysis. The

Executive Order defines ``significant regulatory action'' as one that

is likely to result in a rule that may (1) have an annual effect on the

economy of $100 million or more, or adversely affect in a material way

the economy, a sector of the economy, productivity, competition, jobs,

the environment, public health or safety, or State, local, or Tribal

governments or communities; (2) create a serious inconsistency or

otherwise interfere with an action taken or planned by another agency;

(3) materially alter the budgetary impact of entitlements, grants, user

fees, or loan programs or the rights and obligations of recipients

thereof; or (4) raise novel legal or policy issues arising out of legal

mandates, the President's priorities, or the principles set forth in

the Executive Order.

This action is not a ``significant regulatory action'' within the

meaning of the Executive Order. The proposed rule, if promulgated, is

expected to reduce the regulatory burden on facilities by relaxing

requirements related to specified chemical compounds and by increasing

one of the de minimis levels triggering regulatory action. The EPA has

concluded that these changes will not significantly impact the

environment or public health or safety.

D. Regulatory Flexibility Act

The Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) generally requires an agency

to conduct a regulatory flexibility analysis of any rule subject to

notice and comment rulemaking requirements unless the

[[Page 34339]]

agency certifies that the rule will not have a significant economic

impact on a substantial number of small entities. Small entities

include small businesses, small not-for-profit enterprises, and small

governmental jurisdictions. This proposed rule would not have a

significant impact on a substantial number of small entities because

the proposed amendments impose no new requirements on regulated

entities. The proposed changes should actually ease the compliance

burden of the Wood Furniture NESHAP. Therefore, I certify that this

action will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial

number of small entities.

E. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act

Title II of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA), Pub.

L. 104-4, establishes requirements for Federal agencies to assess the

effects of their regulatory actions on State, local, and tribal

governments and the private sector. Under section 202 of the UMRA, the

EPA generally must prepare a written statement, including a cost-

benefit analysis, for proposed and final rules with ``Federal

mandates'' that may result in expenditures to State, local, and tribal

governments, in the aggregate, or to the private sector, of $100

million or more in any one year. Before promulgating an EPA rule for

which a written statement is needed, section 205 of the UMRA generally

requires the EPA to identify and consider a reasonable number of

regulatory alternatives and adopt the least costly, most cost-effective

or least burdensome alternative that achieves the objectives of the

rule. The provisions of section 205 do not apply when they are

inconsistent with applicable law. Moreover, section 205 allows the EPA

to adopt an alternative other than the least costly, most cost-

effective, or least burdensome alternative if the Administrator

publishes with the final rule an explanation why that alternative was

not adopted. Before the EPA establishes any regulatory requirements

that may significantly or uniquely affect small governments, including

tribal governments, it must have developed under section 203 of the

UMRA a small government agency plan. The plan must provide for

notifying potentially affected small governments, enabling officials of

affected small governments to have meaningful and timely input in the

development of EPA regulatory proposals with significant Federal

intergovernmental mandates, and informing, educating, and advising

small governments on compliance with the regulatory requirements.

The EPA has determined that this proposed rule does not contain a

Federal mandate that may result in expenditures of $100 million or more

for State, local, and tribal governments, in aggregate, or for the

private sector in any one year. Nor does the rule significantly or

uniquely impact small governments, because it contains no requirements

that apply to such governments and imposes no obligations upon them.

Thus, the requirements of the UMRA do not apply to this rule.

The economic impact analysis performed for the original rule showed

that the economic impacts from implementation of the promulgated

standards would not be ``significant'' as defined in Executive Order

12866. No changes are being made in these amendments that would

increase the economic impacts.

F. Executive Order 13045

Executive Order 13045 applies to any rule that (1) has been

determined to be ``economically significant'' as defined under

Executive Order 12866, and (2) addresses an environmental health or

safety risk that has a disproportionate effect on children. If the

regulatory action meets both criteria, the Agency must evaluate the

environmental health or safety effects of the planned rule on children

and explain why the planned regulation is preferable to other

potentially effective and reasonably feasible alternatives considered

by the Agency.

This proposed rule is not subject to Executive Order 13045,

entitled ``Protection of Children from Environmental Health Risks and

Safety Risks (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997), because it is not an

economically significant regulatory action as defined by Executive

Order 12866, and it does not involve decisions on environmental health

risks or safety risks that would have a disproportionate effect on

children.

G. Executive Order 12875

Executive Order 12875 requires that, to the extent feasible and

permitted by law, no Federal agency shall promulgate any regulation

that is not required by statute and that creates a mandate upon a

State, local, or tribal government, unless funds necessary to pay the

direct costs incurred by the State, local, or tribal government in

complying with the mandate are provided by the Federal government. The

EPA has determined that the requirements of Executive Order 12875 do

not apply to today's rulemaking, since no mandate is created by this

action.

H. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act

Section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement

Act of 1995 (NTTAA), Pub. L. No. 104-113, Sec. 12(d) (15 U.S.C. 272

note) directs the EPA to use voluntary consensus standards in its

regulatory activities unless to do so would be inconsistent with

applicable law or otherwise impractical. Voluntary consensus standards

are technical standards (e.g., materials specifications, test methods,

sampling procedures, and business practices) that are developed or

adopted by voluntary consensus standards bodies. The NTTAA directs the

EPA to provide Congress, through OMB, explanations when the Agency

decides not to use available and applicable voluntary consensus

standards. This proposed rulemaking does not involve technical

standards. Therefore, the EPA is not considering the use of any

voluntary consensus standards.

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 63

Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Hazardous

substances, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Wood furniture

manufacturing.

Dated: June 18, 1998.

Carol M. Browner,

Administrator.

For the reasons set out in the preamble, title 40, chapter I of the

Code of Federal Regulations is proposed to be amended as follows:

PART 63--[AMENDED]

1. The authority citation for part 63 continues to read as follows:

Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.

Subpart JJ--National Emissions Standards for Wood Furniture

Manufacturing Operations

2. Section 63.801 is proposed to be amended by revising the

definitions for ``Cleaning operations'', ``Disposed offsite'',

``Equipment leak'', ``Recycled onsite'', ``Strippable spray booth

material'', ``VHAP of potential concern'', and ``Washoff operations''

and by removing the definition of ``Organic solvents'', and adding a

definition of ``Organic HAP solvent'' to read as follows:

Sec. 63.801 Definitions.

* * * * *

Cleaning operations means operations in which organic HAP solvent

is used to remove coating materials or adhesives

[[Page 34340]]

from equipment used in wood furniture manufacturing operations.

* * * * *

Disposed offsite means sending used organic HAP solvent or coatings

outside of the facility boundaries for disposal.

* * * * *

Equipment leak means emissions of VHAP from pumps, valves, flanges,

or other equipment used to transfer or apply coatings, adhesives, or

organic HAP solvents.

* * * * *

Organic HAP solvent means a HAP that is volatile organic liquid

that is used for dissolving or dispersing constituents in a coating or

contact adhesive, adjusting the viscosity of a coating or contact

adhesive, or cleaning equipment. When used in a coating or contact

adhesive, the organic HAP solvent evaporates during drying and does not

become a part of the dried film.

* * * * *

Recycled onsite means the reuse of an organic HAP solvent in a

process other than cleaning or washoff.

* * * * *

Strippable spray booth material means a coating that:

(1) Is applied to a spray booth wall to provide a protective film

to receive overspray during finishing operations;

(2) That is subsequently peeled off and disposed; and

(3) By achieving (1) and (2) of this defintion reduces or

eliminates the need to use organic HAP solvents to clean spray booth

walls.

* * * * *

VHAP of potential concern means any VHAP from the list in table 6

of this subpart.

* * * * *

Washoff operations means those operations in which organic HAP

solvent is used to remove coating from wood furniture or a wood

furniture component.

* * * * *

3. Section 63.803 is proposed to be amended by revising paragraphs

(c)(1), (d), (f), (i), (j), and (l)(6) to read as follows:

Sec. 63.803 Work practice standards.

* * * * *

(c) * * *

(1) A minimum visual inspection frequency of once per month for all

equipment used to transfer or apply coatings, adhesives, or organic HAP

solvents;

* * * * *

(d) Cleaning and washoff solvent accounting system. Each owner or

operator of an affected source shall develop an organic HAP solvent

accounting form to record:

(1) The quantity and type of organic HAP solvent used each month

for washoff and cleaning, as defined in Sec. 63.801 of this subpart;

(2) The number of pieces washed off, and the reason for the

washoff; and

(3) The quantity of spent organic HAP solvent generated from each

washoff and cleaning operation each month, and whether it is recycled

onsite or disposed offsite.

* * * * *

(f) Spray booth cleaning. Each owner or operator of an affected

source shall not use compounds containing more than 8.0 percent by

weight of VOC for cleaning spray booth components other than conveyors,

continuous coaters and their enclosures, metal filters, or plastic

filters unless the spray booth is being refurbished. If the spray booth

is being refurbished (that is, the spray booth coating or other

protective material used to cover the booth is being replaced), the

affected source shall use no more than 1.0 gallon of organic HAP

solvent per booth to prepare the surface of the booth prior to applying

the booth coating.

* * * * *

(i) Line cleaning. Each owner or operator of an affected source

shall pump or drain all organic HAP solvent used for line cleaning into

a normally closed container.

* * * * *

(j) Gun cleaning. Each owner or operator of an affected source

shall collect all organic HAP solvent used to clean spray guns into a

normally closed container.

* * * * *

(l) * * *

(6) If after November 1998, an affected source uses a VHAP of

potential concern listed in table 6 of this subpart for which a

baseline level has not been previously established, then the baseline

level shall be established as the de minimis level provided in that

same table for that chemical. The affected source shall track the

annual usage of each VHAP of potential concern identified in this

paragraph that is present in amounts subject to material safety data

sheet reporting as required by the Occupational Safety and Health

Administration. If usage of the VHAP of potential concern exceeds the

de minimis level listed in table 6 of this subpart for that chemical,

then the affected source shall provide an explanation to the permitting

authority that documents the reason for the exceedance of the de

minimis level. If the explanation is not one of those listed in

paragraphs (l)(4)(i) through (l)(4)(iv) of this section, the affected

source shall follow the procedures in paragraph (l)(5) of this section.

4. Table 2 of subpart JJ is proposed to be revised to read as

follows:

Table 2.--List of Volatile Hazardous Air Pollutants

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Chemical name CAS No.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Acetaldehyde......................................... 75070

Acetamide............................................ 60355

Acetonitrile......................................... 75058

Acetophenone......................................... 98862

2-Acetylaminofluorine................................ 53963

Acrolein............................................. 107028

Acrylamide........................................... 79061

Acrylic acid......................................... 79107

Acrylonitrile........................................ 107131

Allyl chloride....................................... 107051

4-Aminobiphenyl...................................... 92671

Aniline.............................................. 62533

o-Anisidine.......................................... 90040

Benzene.............................................. 71432

Benzidine............................................ 92875

Benzotrichloride..................................... 98077

Benzyl chloride...................................... 100447

Biphenyl............................................. 92524

[[Page 34341]]

Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP).................... 117817

Bis(chloromethyl)ether............................... 542881

Bromoform............................................ 75252

1,3-Butadiene........................................ 106990

Carbon disulfide..................................... 75150

Carbon tetrachloride................................. 56235

Carbonyl sulfide..................................... 463581

Catechol............................................. 120809

Chloroacetic acid.................................... 79118

2-Chloroacetophenone................................. 532274

Chlorobenzene........................................ 108907

Chloroform........................................... 67663

Chloromethyl methyl ether............................ 107302

Chloroprene.......................................... 126998

Cresols (isomers and mixture)........................ 1319773

o-Cresol............................................. 95487

m-Cresol............................................. 108394

p-Cresol............................................. 106445

Cumene............................................... 98828

2,4-D (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, including

salts and esters)................................... 94757

DDE (1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene)... 72559

Diazomethane......................................... 334883

Dibenzofuran......................................... 132649

1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane.......................... 96128

Dibutylphthalate..................................... 84742

1,4-Dichlorobenzene.................................. 106467

3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine............................... 91941

Dichloroethyl ether (Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether)........ 111444

1,3-Dichloropropene.................................. 542756

Diethanolamine....................................... 111422

N,N-Dimethylaniline.................................. 121697

Diethyl sulfate...................................... 64675

3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine.............................. 119904

4-Dimethylaminoazobenzene............................ 60117

3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine............................... 119937

Dimethylcarbamoyl chloride........................... 79447

N,N-Dimethylformamide................................ 68122

1,1-Dimethylhydrazine................................ 57147

Dimethyl phthalate................................... 131113

Dimethyl sulfate..................................... 77781

4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol, and salts...................... 534521

2,4-Dinitrophenol.................................... 51285

2,4-Dinitrotoluene................................... 121142

1,4-Dioxane (1,4-Diethyleneoxide).................... 123911

1,2-Diphenylhydrazine................................ 122667

Epichlorohydrin (1-Chloro-2,3-epoxypropane).......... 106898

1,2-Epoxybutane...................................... 106887

Ethyl acrylate....................................... 140885

Ethylbenzene......................................... 100414

Ethyl carbamate (Urethane)........................... 51796

Ethyl chloride (Chloroethane)........................ 75003

Ethylene dibromide (Dibromoethane)................... 106934

Ethylene dichloride (1,2-Dichloroethane)............. 107062

Ethylene glycol...................................... 107211

Ethylene oxide....................................... 75218

Ethylenethiourea..................................... 96457

Ethylidene dichloride (1,1-Dichloroethane)........... 75343

Formaldehyde......................................... 50000

Glycol ethers a...................................... -

Hexachlorobenzene.................................... 118741

Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene............................. 87683

Hexachloroethane..................................... 67721

Hexamethylene-1,6-diisocyanate....................... 822060

Hexamethylphosphoramide.............................. 680319

Hexane............................................... 110543

Hydrazine............................................ 302012

Hydroquinone......................................... 123319

Isophorone........................................... 78591

Maleic anhydride..................................... 108316

Methanol............................................. 67561

Methyl bromide (Bromomethane)........................ 74839

Methyl chloride (Chloromethane)...................... 74873

[[Page 34342]]

Methyl chloroform (1,1,1-Trichloroethane)............ 71556

Methyl ethyl ketone (2-Butanone)..................... 78933

Methylhydrazine...................................... 60344

Methyl iodide (Iodomethane).......................... 74884

Methyl isobutyl ketone (Hexone)...................... 108101

Methyl isocyanate.................................... 624839

Methyl methacrylate.................................. 80626

Methyl tert-butyl ether.............................. 1634044

4,4'-Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline)................... 101144

Methylene chloride (Dichloromethane)................. 75092

4,4'-Methylenediphenyl diisocyanate (MDI)............ 101688

4,4'-Methylenedianiline.............................. 101779

Naphthalene.......................................... 91203

Nitrobenzene......................................... 98953

4-Nitrobiphenyl...................................... 92933

4-Nitrophenol........................................ 100027

2-Nitropropane....................................... 79469

N-Nitroso-N-methylurea............................... 684935

N-Nitrosodimethylamine............................... 62759

N-Nitrosomorpholine.................................. 59892

Phenol............................................... 108952

p-Phenylenediamine................................... 106503

Phosgene............................................. 75445

Phthalic anhydride................................... 85449

Polychlorinated biphenyls (Aroclors)................. 1336363

Polycyclic Organic Matterb........................... -

1,3-Propane sultone.................................. 1120714

beta-Propiolactone................................... 57578

Propionaldehyde...................................... 123386

Propoxur (Baygon).................................... 114261

Propylene dichloride (1,2-Dichloropropane)........... 78875

Propylene oxide...................................... 75569

1,2-Propylenimine (2-Methyl aziridine)............... 75558

Quinone.............................................. 106514

Styrene.............................................. 100425

Styrene oxide........................................ 96093

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin.................. 1746016

1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane............................ 79345

Tetrachloroethylene (Perchloroethylene).............. 127184

Toluene.............................................. 108883

2,4-Toluenediamine................................... 95807

Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate............................. 584849

o-Toluidine.......................................... 95534

1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene............................... 120821

1,1,2-Trichloroethane................................ 79005

Trichloroethylene.................................... 79016

2,4,5-Trichlorophenol................................ 95954

2,4,6-Trichlorophenol................................ 88062

Triethylamine........................................ 121448

Trifluralin.......................................... 1582098

2,2,4-Trimethylpentane............................... 540841

Vinyl acetate........................................ 108054

Vinyl bromide........................................ 593602

Vinyl chloride....................................... 75014

Vinylidene chloride (1,1-Dichloroethylene)........... 75354

Xylenes (isomers and mixture)........................ 1330207

o-Xylene............................................. 95476

m-Xylene............................................. 108383

p-Xylene............................................. 106423

------------------------------------------------------------------------

a Includes mono- and di-ethers of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycols

and triethylene glycol; R-(OCH2CH2)n RR-OR' where:

n = 1, 2, or 3,

R = alkyl or aryl groups

R' = R, H, or groups which, when removed, yield glycol ethers with the

structure: R-(OCH2CH2)n--OH.

Polymers are excluded from the glycol category.

b Includes organic compounds with more than one benzene ring, and which

have a boiling point greater than or equal to 100 deg.C.

5. Table 4--Pollutants excluded from use in cleaning and washoff

solvents is proposed to be revised to read as follows:

[[Page 34343]]

TABLE 4.--Pollutants Excluded From Use in Cleaning and Washoff Solvents

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Chemical name CAS No.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

4-Aminobiphenyl...................................... 92671

Styrene oxide........................................ 96093

Diethyl sulfate...................................... 64675

N-Nitrosomorpholine.................................. 59892

Dimethyl formamide................................... 68122

Hexamethylphosphoramide.............................. 680319

Acetamide............................................ 60355

4,4'-Methylenedianiline.............................. 101779

o-Anisidine.......................................... 90040

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin.................. 1746016

Beryllium salts...................................... .................

Benzidine............................................ 92875

N-Nitroso-N-methylurea............................... 684935

Bis(chloromethyl) ether.............................. 542881

Dimethyl carbamoyl chloride.......................... 79447

Chromium compounds (hexavalent)...................... .................

1,2-Propylenimine (2-Methyl aziridine)............... 75558

Arsenic and inorganic arsenic compounds.............. 99999904

Hydrazine............................................ 302012

1,1-Dimethyl hydrazine............................... 57147

Beryllium compounds.................................. 7440417

1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane.......................... 96128

N-Nitrosodimethylamine............................... 62759

Cadmium compounds.................................... .................

Benzo (a) pyrene..................................... 50328

Polychlorinated biphenyls (Aroclors)................. 1336363

Heptachlor........................................... 76448

3,3'-Dimethyl benzidine.............................. 119937

Nickel subsulfide.................................... 12035722

Acrylamide........................................... 79061

Hexachlorobenzene.................................... 118741

Chlordane............................................ 57749

1,3-Propane sultone.................................. 1120714

1,3-Butadiene........................................ 106990

Nickel refinery dust................................. .................

2-Acetylaminoflourine................................ 53963

3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine............................... 53963

Lindane (hexachlorcyclohexane, gamma)................ 58899

2,4-Toluene diamine.................................. 95807

Dichloroethyl ether (Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether)........ 111444

1,2-Diphenylhydrazine................................ 122667

Toxaphene (chlorinated camphene)..................... 8001352

2,4-Dinitrotoluene................................... 121142

3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine.............................. 119904

Formaldehyde......................................... 50000

4,4'-Methylene bis(2-chloroaniline).................. 101144

Acrylonitrile........................................ 107131

Ethylene dibromide(1,2-Dibromoethane)................ 106934

DDE (1,1-p-chlorophenyl 1-2 dichloroethylene)........ 72559

Chlorobenzilate...................................... 510156

Dichlorvos........................................... 62737

Vinyl chloride....................................... 75014

Coke Oven Emissions.................................. .................

Ethylene oxide....................................... 75218

Ethylene thiourea.................................... 96457

Vinyl bromide (bromoethene).......................... 593602

Selenium sulfide (mono and di)....................... 7488564

Chloroform........................................... 67663

Pentachloropheno..................................... 87865

Ethyl carbamate (Urethane)........................... 51796

Ethylene dichloride (1,2-Dichloroethane)............. 107062

Propylene dichloride (1,2-Dichloropropane)........... 78875

Carbon tetrachloride................................. 56235

Benzene.............................................. 71432

Methyl hydrazine..................................... 60344

Ethyl acrylate....................................... 140885

Propylene oxide...................................... 75569

Aniline.............................................. 62533

1,4-Dichlorobenzene(p)............................... 106467

2,4,6-Trichlorophenol................................ 88062

Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP).................... 117817

o-Toluidine.......................................... 95534

[[Page 34344]]

Propoxur............................................. 114261

1,4-Dioxane (1,4-Diethyleneoxide).................... 123911

Acetaldehyde......................................... 75070

Bromoform............................................ 75252

Captan............................................... 133062

Epichlorohydrin...................................... 106898

Methylene chloride (Dichloromethane)................. 75092

Dibenz (ah) anthracene............................... 53703

Chrysene............................................. 218019

Dimethyl aminoazobenzene............................. 60117

Benzo (a) anthracene................................. 56553

Benzo (b) fluoranthene............................... 205992

Antimony trioxide.................................... 1309644

2-Nitropropane....................................... 79469

1,3-Dichloropropene.................................. 542756

7, 12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene...................... 57976

Benz(c)acridine...................................... 225514

Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene............................... 193395

1,2:7,8-Dibenzopyrene................................ 189559

------------------------------------------------------------------------

6. Table 5--List of VHAP of Potential Concern Identified by

Industry is proposed to be revised to read as follows:

TABLE 5.--List of VHAP of Potential Concern Identified by Industry

------------------------------------------------------------------------

EPA de

CAS No. Chemical name minimis,

tons/yr

------------------------------------------------------------------------

68122............... Dimethyl formamide................... 1.0

50000............... Formaldehyde......................... 0.2

75092............... Methylene chloride................... 4.0

79469............... 2-Nitropropane....................... 1.0

78591............... Isophorone........................... 0.7

1000425............. Styrene monomer...................... 1.0

108952.............. Phenol............................... 0.1

111422.............. Dimethanolamine...................... 5.0

109864.............. 2-Methoxyethanol..................... 10.0

111159.............. 2-Ethoxyethyl acetate................ 10.0

------------------------------------------------------------------------

7. Table 6--VHAP of potential concern is proposed to be revised to

read as follow:

TABLE 6.--VHAP of Potential Concern

------------------------------------------------------------------------

EPA de

CAS No. Chemical name minimis,

tons/yr *

------------------------------------------------------------------------

92671............... 4-Aminobiphenyl...................... 1.0

96093............... Styrene oxide........................ 1.0

64675............... Diethyl sulfate...................... 1.0

59892............... N-Nitrosomorpholine.................. 1.0

68122............... Dimethyl formamide................... 1.0

680319.............. Hexamethylphosphoramide.............. 0.01

60355............... Acetamide............................ 1.0

101779.............. 4,4'-Methylenedianiline.............. 1.0

90040............... o-Anisidine.......................... 1.0

1746016............. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin.. 0.00000006

92875............... Benzidine............................ 0.00003

684935.............. N-Nitroso-N-methylurea............... 0.00002

542881.............. Bis(chloromethyl)ether............... 0.00003

79447............... Dimethyl carbamoyl chloride.......... 0.002

75558............... 1,2-Propylenimine (2-Methyl 0.0003

aziridine).

57147............... 1,1-Dimethyl hydrazine............... 0.0008

96128............... 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane.......... 0.001

62759............... N-Nitrosodimethylamine............... 0.0001

50328............... Benzo (a) pyrene..................... 0.001

1336363............. Polychlorinated biphenyls (Aroclors). 0.0009

76448............... Heptachlor........................... 0.002

119937.............. 3,3'-Dimethyl benzidine.............. 0.001

79061............... Acrylamide........................... 0.002

118741.............. Hexachlorobenzene.................... 0.004

[[Page 34345]]

57749............... Chlordane............................ 0.005

1120714............. 1,3-Propane sultone.................. 0.003

106990.............. 1,3-Butadiene........................ 0.007

53963............... 2-Acetylaminoflourine................ 0.0005

91941............... 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine............... 0.02

58899............... Lindane (hexachlorocyclohexane, 0.005

gamma).

95807............... 2,4-Toluene diamine.................. 0.002

111444.............. Dichloroethyl ether (Bis(2- 0.006

chloroethyl)ether).

122667.............. 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine................ 0.009

8001352............. Toxaphene (chlorinated camphene)..... 0.006

121142.............. 2,4-Dinitrotoluene................... 0.002

119904.............. 3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine.............. 0.01

50000............... Formaldehyde......................... 0.2

101144.............. 4,4'-Methylene bis(2-chloroaniline).. 0.02

107131.............. Acrylonitrile........................ 0.03

106934.............. Ethylene dibromide(1,2-Dibromoethane) 0.01

72559............... DDE (1,1-p-chlorophenyl 1-2 0.01

dichloroethylene).

510156.............. Chlorobenzilate...................... 0.04

62737............... Dichlorvos........................... 0.02

75014............... Vinyl chloride....................... 0.02

75218............... Ethylene oxide....................... 0.09

96457............... Ethylene thiourea.................... 0.06

593602.............. Vinyl bromide (bromoethene).......... 0.06

67663............... Chloroform........................... 0.09

87865............... Pentachlorophenol.................... 0.07

51796............... Ethyl carbamate (Urethane)........... 0.08

107062.............. Ethylene dichloride (1,2- 0.08

Dichloroethane).

78875............... Propylene dichloride (1,2- 0.1

Dichloropropane).

56235............... Carbon tetrachloride................. 0.1

71432............... Benzene.............................. 0.2

140885.............. Ethyl acrylate....................... 0.1

75569............... Propylene oxide...................... 0.5

62533............... Aniline.............................. 0.1

106467.............. 1,4-Dichlorobenzene(p)............... 0.3

88062............... 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol................ 0.6

117817.............. Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP).... 0.5

95534............... o-Toluidine.......................... 0.4

114261.............. Propoxur............................. 2.0

79016............... Trichloroethylene.................... 1.0

123911.............. 1,4-Dioxane (1,4-Diethyleneoxide).... 0.6

75070............... Acetaldehyde......................... 0.9

75252............... Bromoform............................ 2.0

133062.............. Captan............................... 2.0

106898.............. Epichlorohydrin...................... 2.0

75092............... Methylene chloride (Dichloromethane). 4.0

127184.............. Tetrachloroethylene 4.0

(Perchloroethylene).

53703............... Dibenz (ah) anthracene............... 0.01

218019.............. Chrysene............................. 0.01

60117............... Dimethyl aminoazobenzene............. 1.0

56553............... Benzo (a) anthracene................. 0.01

205992.............. Benzo (b) fluoranthene............... 0.01

79469............... 2-Nitropropane....................... 1.0

542756.............. 1,3-Dichloropropene.................. 1.0

57976............... 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene....... 0.01

225514.............. Benz(c)acridine...................... 0.01

193395.............. Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene............... 0.01

189559.............. 1,2:7,8-Dibenzopyrene................ 0.01

79345............... 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane............ 0.03

91225............... Quinoline............................ 0.0006

75354............... Vinylidene chloride (1,1- 0.04

Dichloroethylene).

87683............... Hexachlorobutadiene.................. 0.09

82688............... Pentachloronitrobenzene 0.03

(Quintobenzene).

78591............... Isophorone........................... 0.7

79005............... 1,1,2-Trichloroethane................ 0.1

74873............... Methyl chloride (Chloromethane)...... 1.0

67721............... Hexachloroethane..................... 0.5

1582098............. Trifluralin.......................... 0.9

1319773............. Cresols/Cresylic acid (isomers and 1.0

mixture).

108394.............. m-Cresol............................. 1.0

75343............... Ethylidene dichloride (1,1- 1.0

Dichloroethane).

[[Page 34346]]

95487............... o-Cresol............................. 1.0

106445.............. p-Cresol............................. 1.0

74884............... Methyl iodide (Iodomethane).......... 1.0

100425.............. Styrene.............................. 1.0

107051.............. Allyl chloride....................... 1.0

334883.............. Diazomethane......................... 1.0

95954............... 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol................ 1.0

133904.............. Chloramben........................... 1.0

106887.............. 1,2-Epoxybutane...................... 1.0

108054.............. Vinyl acetate........................ 1.0

126998.............. Chloroprene.......................... 1.0

123319.............. Hydroquinone......................... 1.0

92933............... 4-Nitrobiphenyl...................... 1.0

56382............... Parathion............................ 0.1

13463393............ Nickel Carbonyl...................... 0.1

60344............... Methyl hydrazine..................... 0.006

151564.............. Ethylene imine....................... 0.0003

77781............... Dimethyl sulfate..................... 0.1

107302.............. Chloromethyl methyl ether............ 0.1

57578............... beta-Propiolactone................... 0.1

100447.............. Benzyl chloride...................... 0.04

98077............... Benzotrichloride..................... 0.0006

107028.............. Acrolein............................. 0.04

584849.............. 2,4-Toluene diisocyanate............. 0.1

75741............... Tetramethyl lead..................... 0.01

78002............... Tetraethyl lead...................... 0.01

12108133............ Methylcyclopentadienyl manganese..... 0.1

624839.............. Methyl isocyanate.................... 0.1

77474............... Hexachlorocyclopentadiene............ 0.1

62207765............ Fluomine............................. 0.1

10210681............ Cobalt carbonyl...................... 0.1

79118............... Chloroacetic acid.................... 0.1

534521.............. 4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol, and salts...... 0.1

101688.............. Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate...... 0.1

108952.............. Phenol............................... 0.1

62384............... Mercury, (acetato-o) phenyl.......... 0.01

98862............... Acetophenone......................... 1.0

108316.............. Maleic anhydride..................... 1.0

532274.............. 2-Chloroacetophenone................. 0.06

51285............... 2,4-Dinitrophenol.................... 1.0

109864.............. 2-Methyoxy ethanol................... 10.0

98953............... Nitrobenzene......................... 1.0

74839............... Methyl bromide (Bromomethane)........ 10.0

75150............... Carbon disulfide..................... 1.0

121697.............. N,N-Dimethylaniline.................. 1.0

106514.............. Quinone.............................. 5.0

123386.............. Propionaldehyde...................... 5.0

120809.............. Catechol............................. 5.0

85449............... Phthalic anhydride................... 5.0

463581.............. Carbonyl sulfide..................... 5.0

132649.............. Dibenzofurans........................ 5.0

100027.............. 4-Nitrophenol........................ 5.0

540841.............. 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane............... 5.0

111422.............. Diethanolamine....................... 5.0

822060.............. Hexamethylene-1,6-diisocyanate....... 5.0

.................. Glycol ethers a...................... 5.0

.................. Polycyclic organic matter b.......... 0.01

------------------------------------------------------------------------

* These values are based on the de minimis levels provided in the

proposed rulemaking pursuant to section 112(g) of the Act using a 70-

year lifetime exposure duration for all VHAP. Default assumptions and

the de minimis values based on inhalation reference doses (RfC) are

not changed by this adjustment.

a Except for ethylene glycol butyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether (2-

ethoxy ethanol), ethylene glycol hexyl ether, ethylene glycol methyl

ether (2-methoxyethanol), ethylene glycol phenyl ether, ethylene

glycol propyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-2-ethylhexyl ether,

diethylene glycol butyl ether, diethylene glycol ethyl ether,

diethylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol hexyl ether,

diethylene glycol phenyl ether, diethylene glycol propyl ether,

triethylene glycol butyl ether, triethylene glycol ethyl ether,

triethylene glycol methyl ether, triethylene glycol propyl ether,

ethylene glycol butyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol ethyl ether

acetate, and diethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate.

b Except for benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(a)anthracene, benzo(a)pyrene,

7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene, benz(c)acridine, chrysene, dibenz(ah)

anthracene, 1,2:7,8-dibenzopyrene, indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene, but

including dioxins and furans.

[FR Doc. 98-16800 Filed 6-23-98; 8:45 am]

BILLING CODE 6560-50-P