Petitioners Brief — Paul Erlinger, Petitioner v. United States

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

APPENDIX A: Federal and State General Felony Recidivism Statutes Enacted Through

1919 ..................................................................... 1a

APPENDIX B: Federal and State General Felony Recidivism Statutes Enacted From

1920-1969 ............................................................ 8a

1a

APPENDIX A

Federal and State General Felony Recidivism

Statutes Enacted Through 1919

Federal Law

We are aware of no general felony recidivism law enacted before 1920.

Alabama

1840 Ala. Laws 153 (Penal Code, ch. 8, §§ 17-18)

Alaska

We are aware of no general felony recidivism law enacted before 1920.

Arizona

Ariz. Penal Code §§ 630-32 (1901); Ariz. Penal Code

§§ 738-39 (1913)

Arkansas

We are aware of no general felony recidivism law enacted before 1920.

California

Cal. Penal Code §§ 666-68 (1872); 1903 Cal. Stat.

107-08 (ch. 95); 1905 Cal. Stat. 667-68 (ch. 506); 1909

Cal. Stat. 360 (ch. 234); 1909 Cal. Stat. 364 (ch. 236)

Colorado

We are aware of no general felony recidivism law enacted before 1920.

2a

Connecticut

1821 Conn. Pub. Acts 171 (tit. 22, § 93); 1830 Conn.

Pub. Acts 277 (ch. 1, § 119); 1848 Conn. Pub. Acts 32

(ch. 33, § 1); 1887 Conn. Pub. Acts 734 (ch. 114, § 1);

1901 Conn. Pub. Acts 35 (ch. 78, § 1); Conn. Gen. Stat.

§§ 1529-30, 1535 (1902); 1911 Conn. Pub. Acts 1553

(ch. 255)

Delaware

We are aware of no general felony recidivism law enacted before 1920.

District of Columbia

31 Stat. 1337 (§ 907) (1901)

Florida

We are aware of no general felony recidivism law enacted before 1920.

Georgia

1816 Ga. Laws 200-01 (div. 12, §§ 42-43); 1817 Ga.

Laws 144-45 (div. 11, §§ 40-41); 1833 Ga. Laws 212

(div. 14, § 46)

Hawaii

We are aware of no general felony recidivism law enacted before 1920.

Idaho

We are aware of no general felony recidivism law enacted before 1920.

Illinois

1883 Ill. Laws 76 (§ 1)

3a

Indiana

1907 Ind. Laws 109 (ch. 82, § 1)

Iowa

1898 Iowa Acts 58-59 (ch. 109, § 1); 1902 Iowa Acts

110-11 (ch. 152, § 1); Iowa Code §§ 4871-a, 5091-a

(1913 Supp.)

Kansas

1859 Kan. Sess. Laws 283-84 (ch. 28, §§ 278-79); 1868

Kan. Sess. Laws 380-81 (ch. 31, §§ 289-90)

Kentucky

1808 Ky. Acts 119 (ch. 88, § 10); 1827 Ky. Acts 207

(ch. 170); 1851 Ky. Acts 324 (ch. 83, art. 1, § 12);

1891-92 Ky. Acts 757 (ch. 182, § 4)

Louisiana

1843 La. Acts 69 (No. 100, § 2); 1855 La. Acts 149 (No.

120, § 118)

Maine

1824 Me. Laws 1008 (ch. 282, §§ 17-18); Me. Rev. Stat.

tit. 12, ch. 167, § 12 (1841); Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 11, ch.

135, § 3 (1871); Me. Rev. Stat. tit. 11, ch. 136, § 2

(1903)

Maryland

We are aware of no general felony recidivism law enacted before 1920.

Massachusetts

1818 Mass. Acts 603 (ch. 176, § 5); 1828 Mass. Acts

827-28 (ch. 118, § 19); 1832 Mass. Acts 279-80 (ch. 73);

1833 Mass. Acts 618-19 (ch. 85, § 1); 1836 Mass. Rev.

4a

Stat. pt. 4, tit. 1, ch. 133, § 13 (1836); 1836 Mass. Acts

575-76 (ch. 4, § 17); 1843 Mass. Acts 44-45 (ch. 80,

§ 1); 1887 Mass. Acts 1098 (ch. 435, § 1); 1904 Mass.

Acts 252-53 (ch. 303)

Michigan

Mich. Rev. Stat. tit. 30, ch. 161, §§ 12-13 (1846)

Minnesota

1852 Amends. to Minn. Rev. Stat. 25-26 (§ 122, ch.

109, § 17); Minn. Pub. Stat. ch. 98, § 17 (1859); Minn.

Rev. Laws § 4772 (1905)

Mississippi

We are aware of no general felony recidivism law enacted before 1920.

Missouri

Mo. Rev. Stat., Crimes and Punishments, art. 9, § 7

(1835); 1844 Mo. Laws 409-10 (ch. 47, art. 9, §§ 7-8);

Mo. Rev. Stat. §§ 3959-40 (1889); 1895 Mo. Laws

153-54

Montana

Mont. Code §§ 1232-34 (1895)

Nebraska

We are aware of no general felony recidivism law enacted before 1920.

Nevada

Nev. Rev. Laws § 6292 (1912)

New Hampshire

1893 N.H. Laws 66 (ch. 79, § 1)

5a

New Jersey

1795 N.J. Laws 111 (ch. 600, § 71); 1819 N.J. Laws

138 (§ 20); 1827 N.J. Laws 212 (§ 2); 1828 N.J. Laws

131 (§§ 80-81); 1840 N.J. Laws 77-78 (§ 1); 1898 N.J.

Laws 854 (ch. 235, § 219)

New Mexico

We are aware of no general felony recidivism law enacted before 1920.

New York

1788 N.Y. Laws 665 (ch. 37, § 2); 1796 N.Y. Laws 669

(ch. 30); 1801 N.Y. Laws 97-98 (ch. 58); 1823 N.Y.

Laws 178-79 (ch. 160, §§ 5-6); 1881 N.Y. Laws 913,

917 (chs. 676, 680); N.Y. Penal Code §§ 688-91 (1881);

1907 N.Y. Laws 1494-95 (ch. 645, § 1); 1909 N.Y. Laws

12 note & 141 (ch. 88); N.Y. Penal Law §§ 1020-21,

1940-42 (Consol. 1909)

North Carolina

We are aware of no general felony recidivism law enacted before 1920.

North Dakota

1899 N.D. Rev. Code § 7696; 1913 N.D. Penal Code

§§ 10340, 10342

Ohio

1885 Ohio Laws 237 (H.B. No. 751, § 2)

Oklahoma

Okla. Stat. § 2570 (1890); Okla. Rev. Laws § 2520

(1907)

6a

Oregon

We are aware of no general felony recidivism law enacted before 1920.

Pennsylvania

1860 Pa. Laws 426 (No. 374, § 182); 1909 Pa. Laws

496 (No. 275, § 6)

Rhode Island

1896 R.I. Pub. Laws 46-47 (ch. 336, § 1); 1915 R.I.

Pub. Laws 217, 238 (ch. 1261, § 1, subsec. 71)

South Carolina

We are aware of no general felony recidivism law enacted before 1920.

South Dakota

S.D. Rev. Code § 3612 (1919)

Tennessee

We are aware of no general felony recidivism law enacted before 1920.

Texas

1836 Repub. Tex. Laws 193 (§ 41); 1853 Tex. Gen.

Laws 68 (ch. 49, § 55); 1856 Tex. Crim. Stat. arts. 79294; 1879 Tex. Crim. Stat. arts. 819-21; 1895 Tex.

Crim. Stat. arts. 1015-17; 1911 Tex. Crim. Stat. arts.

1619-21

Utah

1896 Utah Laws 262 (ch. 81, § 27)

7a

Vermont

We are aware of no general felony recidivism law enacted before 1920.

Virginia

1796 Va. Acts 6 (ch. 2, § 24); 1819 1 Rev. Code of the

Laws of Va. 619 (ch. 171, §§ 13-15); 1847-48 Va. Acts

123 (ch. 120, tit. 2, ch. 11, §§ 13-14); 1877-78 Va. Acts

315 (ch. 311, ch. 10, §§ 25-26); Va. Code §§ 3905-06

(1887); 1916 Va. Acts 34-35 (chs. 29-30)

Washington

1903 Wash. Sess. Laws 125-27 (ch. 86, §§ 1-4); 1909

Wash. Sess. Laws 899 (ch. 249, § 34)

West Virginia

W. Va. Code §§ 152-23-24 (1868)

Wisconsin

Wis. Rev. Stat. §§ 4736-38 (1878); 1889 Wis. Sess.

Laws 152-53 (ch. 141); 1913 Wis. Sess. Laws 962 (ch.

687); 1917 Wis. Sess. Laws 950 (ch. 566, §§ 54-55);

1919 Wis. Sess. Laws 31-32 (ch. 35)

Wyoming

We are aware of no general felony recidivism law enacted before 1920.

8a

APPENDIX B

Federal and State General Felony Recidivism

Statutes Enacted From 1920-1969

Federal Law

We are aware of no general felony recidivism statute

enacted until 1970. See Pub. L. No. 91-452, 84 Stat.

922 (1970) (Organized Crime Control Act of 1970);

Pub. L. No. 91-513, 84 Stat. 1236 (1970) (Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970).

Alabama

We are aware of no substantively new general felony

recidivism statutes enacted from 1920 through 1969.

Alaska

1939 Alaska Sess. Laws ch. 53, § 2; 1962 Alaska Sess.

Laws ch. 34, § 8.05

Arizona

Ariz. Rev. Code §§ 4898-99 (1928); Ariz. Code

§§ 43-6111, 43-6112 (1939); 1951 Ariz. Sess. Laws

260-61 (ch. 110, § 1); Ariz. Rev. Stat. §§ 13-1649,

13-1650 (1956); 1969 Ariz. Sess. Laws 399-400 (ch.

133, §§ 9-10)

Arkansas

1953 Ark. Acts 692-93 (Act 228, §§ 1-2); 1967 Ark.

Acts 1174-75 (Act 639, § 1)

California

1923 Cal. Stat. 237 (ch. 111); 1927 Cal. Stat. 1065-66

(chs. 633-34); 1927 Cal. Stat. 1492 (ch. 768); 1929 Cal.

Stat. 1931-32 (ch. 872, § 1); 1931 Cal. Stat. 1051-52

9a

(ch. 481, §§ 2-3); 1931 Cal. Stat. 1052-53 (ch. 482, § 1);

1931 Cal. Stat. 1054 (ch. 483, § 1); 1933 Cal. Stat.

2157 (ch. 814); 1935 Cal. Stat. 1699 (ch. 602); 1935

Cal. Stat. 1701 (ch. 603, § 1); 1935 Cal. Stat. 2121-22

(ch. 754); 1939 Cal. Stat. 1443-45 (ch. 198); 1939 Cal.

Stat. 1722-23 (ch. 390); 1941 Cal. Stat. 1082-83 (ch.

106, §§ 10-11); 1941 Cal. Stat. 1083, 1110-11 (§ 15, pt.

3, tit. 1, ch. 7, art. 2, § 3024); 1945 Cal. Stat. 1747-48

(ch. 934, § 1); 1950 Cal. Stat. 470-71 (ch. 28); 1951 Cal.

Stat. 1879-80 (ch. 671, §§ 1-2); 1957 Cal. Stat. 2607

(ch. 1284); 1957 Cal. Stat. 2964-65 (ch. 1617, § 3);

1963 Cal. Stat. 3896-97 (ch. 1905)

Colorado

1929 Colo. Sess. Laws 309-10 (ch. 85, §§ 1-3); 1945

Colo. Sess. Laws 310 (ch. 114, § 1)

Connecticut

1969 Conn. Pub. Acts 1569-70 (No. 828, § 40)

Delaware

49 Del. Laws 837 (ch. 413) (1953)

District of Columbia

We are aware of no substantively new general felony

recidivism statutes enacted from 1920 through 1969.

Florida

1927 Fla. Laws 621 (ch. 12022, §§ 1-2); Fla. Stat.

§§ 775.09-.10 (1949); 1957 Fla. Laws 1086-87 (ch.

57-764)

10a

Georgia

Ga. Code § 27-2511 (1933); 1953 Ga. Laws 289-91 (No.

730, § 1)

Hawaii

We are aware of no general felony recidivism statute

enacted until 1972. See 1972 Haw. Sess. Laws 80-81

(Act 9, § 1, tit. 37, ch. 6, pt. 4, §§ 661-62, 665).

Idaho

1923 Idaho Sess. Laws 139 (ch. 109, § 1)

Illinois

1941 Ill. Laws 573 (H.B. No. 803); 1953 Ill. Laws

1530-31 (H.B. No. 652); 1957 Ill. Laws 88-91 (H.B. No.

42, §§ 2, 5); 1957 Ill. Laws 167-68 (H.B. No. 43)

Indiana

We are aware of no substantively new general felony

recidivism statutes enacted from 1920 through 1969.

Iowa

1921 Iowa Acts 262-63 (ch. 231, §§ 16-17); Iowa Code

§§ 747.1, 747.5 (1962); 1965 Iowa Acts 838 (ch. 444,

§ 1)

Kansas

1927 Kan. Sess. Laws 247 (ch. 191, § 1); Kan. Gen.

Stat. Ann. §§ 21-107, -107a, -108 (1935); 1939 Kan.

Sess. Laws 299 (ch. 178, § 1); 1969 Kan. Sess. Laws

495-96 (ch. 180, § 21-4504)

Kentucky

1942 Ky. Acts 909 (ch. 208, § 1) (enacting Ky. Rev.

Stat. § 431.190 (1942))

11a

Louisiana

1928 La. Acts 18 (No. 15, §§ 1-2); 1942 La. Acts 142-43

(No. 45, §§ 1-2); 1956 La. Acts 645-47 (No. 312, §§ 1-2)

Maine

1961 Me. Laws 311 (ch. 268, § 2)

Maryland

We are aware of no general felony recidivism statute

enacted until 1975. See 1975 Md. Laws 1254-55 (ch.

253).

Massachusetts

We are aware of no substantively new general felony

recidivism statutes enacted from 1920 through 1969.

Michigan

1927 Mich. Pub. Acts 324-25 (No. 175, ch. 9, §§ 10-12);

1929 Mich. Pub. Acts 52-53 (No. 24, § 1, ch. 9,

§§ 10-12); Mich. Comp. Laws §§ 769.10-.12 (1948);

1949 Mich. Pub. Acts 52-53 (§ 1, ch. 9, §§ 769.10-.12)

Minnesota

Minn. Stat. § 9931 (1923); 1927 Minn. Laws 337-38

(ch. 236, §§ 1-2); 1963 Minn. Laws 1196-98 (ch. 753,

art. 1, §§ 609.155; 609.16)

Mississippi

We are aware of no general felony recidivism statute

enacted until 1976. See 1976 Miss. Laws 772-73 (ch.

470, §§ 1-2).

Missouri

1959 Mo. Laws S.B. No. 117

12a

Montana

We are aware of no substantively new general felony

recidivism statutes enacted from 1920 through 1969.

Nebraska

1921 Neb. Laws 543 (ch. 131, § 1); Neb. Comp. Stat.

§ 29-2217 (1929); 1937 Neb. Laws. 251-52 (ch. 68, § 1);

Neb. Rev. Stat. § 29-2221 (1943); 1947 Neb. Laws

293-94 (ch. 105, § 1); 1967 Neb. Laws 497 (ch. 179, § 1)

Nevada

1961 Nev. Stat. 446-47 (ch. 267); Nev. Rev. Stat.

§ 207.010 (1963); 1965 Nev. Stat. 250 (ch. 136); 1967

Nev. Stat. 217-18 (ch. 139, § 1); 1967 Nev. Stat. 516

(ch. 211, § 209)

New Hampshire

We are aware of no substantively new general felony

recidivism statutes enacted from 1920 through 1969.

New Jersey

1927 N.J. Laws 412-13 (ch. 218, §§ 1-2); 1936 N.J.

Laws 770-71 (ch. 244); N.J. Rev. Stat.

§§ 2:103-7, -8, -9, -10 (1937); 1940 N.J. Laws 888-89

(ch. 219, §§ 1-3); 1950 N.J. Laws 1072-73 (ch. 315,

§ 1); 1953 N.J. Laws 1426-27 (ch. 166, §§ 1-3)

New Mexico

1929 N.M. Laws 83-84 (ch. 58, §§ 1-3); 1963 N.M.

Laws 896 (ch. 303, § 29-5)

13a

New York

1920 N.Y. Laws 1444 (ch. 571, § 2); 1926 N.Y. Laws

805 (ch. 457, § 1-2); 1936 N.Y. Laws 681-82 (ch. 328,

§§ 5-6); 1965 N.Y. Laws 2367-68 (ch. 1030, § 70.10)

North Carolina

1967 N.C. Sess. Laws 1871-73 (ch. 1241, §§ 1-2, 6)

North Dakota

1927 N.D. Laws 157-58 (ch. 126, §§ 1-2); N.D. Rev.

Code §§ 12-0618, 12-0620, 12-0621 (1943)

Ohio

1929 Ohio Laws 40 (H.B. No. 8, §§ 13744-1, -2); Ohio

Rev. Code Ann. §§ 2961.11-.12 (1953); 1967-68 Ohio

Laws 969 (§ 2961.11); 1967-68 Ohio Laws 2161-62

(Am. S.B. No. 86, § 1)

Oklahoma

Comp. Okla. Stat. § 2299 (1921); Okla. Stat. art. 6,

§ 1817 (1931)

Oregon

1921 Or. Laws 97-98 (ch. 70); 1927 Or. Laws 432 (ch.

334, §§ 1-3); 1947 Or. Laws 1101-02 (ch. 585, §§ 1-3);

Or. Rev. Stat. §§ 168.010-.030 (1953); 1955 Or. Laws

852-53 (ch. 663, §§ 2-4); 1961 Or. Laws 1303-04, 1306

(ch. 648, §§ 1-2, 7); 1967 Or. Laws 480 (ch. 358, § 1)

Pennsylvania

1929 Pa. Laws 854-55 (No. 373); 1939 Pa. Laws

1029-30 (No. 375, § 1108)

14a

Rhode Island

We are aware of no substantively new general felony

recidivism statutes enacted from 1920 through 1969.

South Carolina

1955 S.C. Acts 179-80 (No. 131, §§ 1-2)

South Dakota

S.D. Comp. Laws §§ 3612, 3613 (1929); S.D. Code

§ 13.0611 (1939)

Tennessee

1939 Tenn. Pub. Acts 105-07 (ch. 22, §§ 1-2)

Texas

1925 Tex. Crim. Stat. arts. 62-64

Utah

1951 Utah Laws 294-95 (ch. 77)

Vermont

1927 Vt. Acts & Resolves 120-21 (No. 128); Vt. Stat.

§ 8616 (1947); 1949 Vt. Acts & Resolves 186-87 (No.

201)

Virginia

Va. Code Ann. § 5054 (1942); 1948 Va. Acts 826 (ch.

417); Va. Code Ann. § 53-296 (1950); 1966 Va. Acts

528-29 (ch. 341)

Washington

We are aware of no substantively new general felony

recidivism statutes enacted from 1920 through 1969.

15a

West Virginia

W. Va. Code §§ 61 11-18-19 (1930); 1939 W. Va. Acts

170 (ch. 26); 1943 W. Va. Acts 141-43 (ch. 31)

Wisconsin

1925 Wis. Sess. Laws 6, 39 (ch. 4); 1949 Wis. Sess.

Laws 597-98 (ch. 631, § 171); 1955 Wis. Sess. Laws

974, 980-81 (ch. 696, § 1, tit. 45, ch. 939, § 939.62);

1957 Wis. Sess. Laws 120 (ch. 97, § 66); 1957 Wis.

Sess. Laws 991 (ch. 672, § 91)

Wyoming

1937 Wyo. Sess. Laws. 103-04 (ch. 68)