Petition for Writ of Certiorari — Justin Laster, Petitioner v. Georgia, et al.

Supreme Court briefDec 19, 2020

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FILED

DEC 1 9 2020

IN THE

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SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES

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QUESTION(S) PRESENTED

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LIST OF PARTIES

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all parties to the proceeding in the court whose judgment is the subject of this

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LIST OF PARTIES

All parties do not appear in the caption of the case on the cover page. A list of all parties to the

proceeding in the court whose judgment is the subject of this petition is as follows:

STATE OF GEORGIA, Respondent

GEORGIA STATE BOARD OF WORKERS1 COMPENSATION, Respondent

GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES, Respondent

GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS, Respondent

RELATED CASES

Bearden v. Georgia, 461 U.S. 660 (1983)

Cannon v. University of Chicago, 441 U.S. 677 (1979)

Rickey J. Harris III v. Anthony Emanuele and Michael Zetting Case No. 19-3548 (7th Cir. 2020)

(U.S. Court of Appeals 7th Circuit)

Means v. Indep. Life & Acc. Ins. Co. 963 F. Supp. 1131, 1135 (M.D. Ala. 1997)

Sneed v. Pan American Hospital 370 F. App’x 47, 50 (11th Cir. 2010)

Sowinski v. California Air Resources Board Case No. 2019-1558 971 F.3d 1371 (2020) (U.S.

Court of Appeals Federal Circuit)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

OPINIONS

I

JURISDICTION

CONSTITUTIONAL AND STATUTORY PROVISIONS

INVOLVED..................................................................

7

STATEMENT OF THE CASE

REASONS FOR GRANTING THE WRIT/PETITION FOR WRIT OF

CERTIORARI

CONCLUSION

7-//

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IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES

JUSTIN LASTER

Petitioner

v.

CIVIL ACTION

APPEAL FILE NO. 20-12575-BB

STATE OF GEORGIA,

GEORGIA STATE BOARD

OF WORKERS’ COMPENSATION,

GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF

ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES,

GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF

CORRECTIONS

Respondents’

APPENDIX

Bearden v. Georgia, 461 U.S. 660 (1983) https://supreme.iustia.com/cases/federal/us/461/660/

Cannon v. University of Chicago, 441 U.S. 677 (1979)

https://supreme.iustia.com/cases/federal/us/441/677/

Rickey J. Harris III v. Anthony Emanuele and Michael Zetting Case No. 19-3548 (7th Cir. 2020)

(U.S. Court of Appeals 7th Circuit) http://media.ca7.uscourts.gov/cgibin/rssExec.pl?Submit=Displav&Path=Y2020/D 10-16/C: 193548:J:PerCuriam:aut:T:npDp:N:2597638:S:0

Means v. Indep. Life & Acc. Ins. Co. 963 F. Supp. 1131, 1135 (M.D. Ala. 1997)

https://law.justia.eom/cases/federal/district-courts/FSupp/963/l 131/1645373/

Official Code for the State of Georgia

Sneed v. Pan American Hospital 370 F. App’x 47, 50 (11th Cir. 2010)

https://docs.iustia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/cal 1/10-15530/1116274655

Sowinski v. California Air Resources Board Case No. 2019-1558 971 F.3d 1371 (2020) (U.S.

Court of Appeals Federal Circuit) http://www.cafc.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/opinionsorders/19-1558, OPINION. 8-21 -2020 1640600.pdf

United States Code 18 U.S. Code § 1001

United States Code 5 U.S. Code § 3331

United States Code 42 U.S. Code § 1983

United States Code 18 U.S. Code § 242

United States Constitution Amendment 14

United States District Judge Leslie A. Gardner Order

IN THE

SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES

PETITION FOR WRIT OF CERTIORARI

Petitioner respectfully prays that a writ of certiorari issue to review the judgment below.

OPINIONS BELOW

{{/f'For cases from federal courts:

The opinion of the United States court of appeals appears at Appendix

the petition and is

[ ] reported at

; or,

[ ] bag been designated for publication but is not yet reported; or,

unpublished.

The opinion of the United States district court appears at Appendix_____ to

[ ] has been designated for publication but is not yet reported; or,

[ ] is unpublished.

[ ] For cases from state courts:

The opinion of the highest state court to review the merits appears at

Appendix_____ to the petition and is

[ ] reported at

; or,

[ ] has been designated for publication but is not yet reported; or,

[ ] is unpublished.

The opinion of the _

appears at Appendix

court

to the petition and is

[ ] reported at

; or,

[ ] has been designated for publication but is not yet reported; or,

[ ] is unpublished.

1.

to

JURISDICTION

For cases from federal courts:

The dal^on^h^ States Court of Appeals decided my case

was

[ ] No petition for rehearing was timely filed in my case.

tf/A^timely petition for rehearing was denied,by the,Umted-States Court of

Appeals on the following date: \\lf\PngWr A 7u?U and a copy of the

order denying rehearing appears at Appendix

[ ] An extension of time to file the petition for a writ of certiorari was granted

to and including--------------------- -----(date) on__________________ (date)

in Application No.__ A

The jurisdiction of this Court is invoked under 28 U. S. C. § 1254(1).

[ ] For cases from state courts:

The date on which the highest state court decided my case was

A copy of that decision appears at Appendix_______

[ ] A timely petition for rehearing was thereafter denied on the following date:

, and a copy of the order denying rehearing

appears at Appendix

[ ] An extension of time to file the petition for a writ of certiorari was granted

to and including---------- '_______ (date) on ______________ (date) in

Application No.__ A

The jurisdiction of this Court is invoked under 28 U. S. C. § 1257(a).

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES

JUSTIN EASTER

Petitioner

v.

CIVIL ACTION

APPEAL FILE NO. 20-12575-BB

STATE OF GEORGIA,

GEORGIA STATE BOARD

OF WORKERS’ COMPENSATION,

GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF

ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES,

GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF

CORRECTIONS

Respondents’

JURISDICTION

The United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit has jurisdiction of this appeal

because United States Federal Laws were violated by the Appellees’ in this civil action, 42

United States Code § 1983 Civil Action for Deprivation of Rights, Violation of 18 United States

Code § 246 Deprivation of Relief Benefits, Violation of 18 United States Code § 245 Federally

Protected Activities, Violation of 18 United States Code § 241 Conspiracy Against Rights, and

Violation of United States Constitution Amendment XIV (14), and 28 United States Code § 1254

(1) and therefore jurisdiction of this civil action in United States Federal Courts is appropriate

and proper in accordance with United States Federal Law.

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES

JUSTIN LASTER

Petitioner

CIVIL ACTION

APPEAL FILE NO. 20-12575-BB

v.

STATE OF GEORGIA,

GEORGIA STATE BOARD

OF WORKERS’ COMPENSATION,

GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF

ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES,

GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF

CORRECTIONS

Respondents’

CONSTITUTIONAL STATUTORY PROVISIONS INVOLVED

Bearden v. Georgia, 461 U.S. 660 (1983)

Cannon v. University of Chicago, 441 U.S. 677 (1979)

Rickey J. Harris III v. Anthony Emanuele and Michael Zetting Case No. 19-3548 (7th Cir. 2020)

(U.S. Court of Appeals 7th Circuit)

Means v. Indep. Life & Acc. Ins. Co. 963 F. Supp. 1131, 1135 (M.D. Ala. 1997)

Official Code for the State of Georgia

Sneed v. Pan American Hospital 370 F. App’x 47, 50 (11th Cir. 2010)

Sowinski v. California Air Resources Board Case No. 2019-1558 971 F.3d 1371 (2020) (U.S.

Court of Appeals Federal Circuit)

United States Code 18 U.S. Code § 1001

United States Code 5 U.S. Code § 3331

United States Code 42 U.S. Code § 1983

United States Code 18 U.S. Code § 242

United States Constitution Amendment 14

United States District Judge Leslie A. Gardner Order

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES

JUSTIN LASTER

Appellant

CIVIL ACTION

APPEAU FILE NO. 20-12575-BB

v.

STATE OF GEORGIA,

GEORGIA STATE BOARD

OF WORKERS’ COMPENSATION,

GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF

ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES,

GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF

CORRECTIONS

Appellees’

TABLE OF AUTHORITIES CITED

Bearden v. Georgia, 461 U.S. 660 (1983)

u

Cannon v. University of Chicago, 441 U.S. 677 (1979)

V

Rickey J. Harris III v. Anthony Emanuele and Michael Zetting Case No. 19-3548 (7th Cir. 2020)

(U.S. Court of Appeals 7th Circuit) ^3

Means v. Indep. Life & Acc. Ins. Co. 963 F. Supp. 1131, 1135 (M.D. Ala. 1997)

Official Code for the State of Georgia

Sneed v. Pan American Hospital 370 F. App’x 47, 50 (11th Cir. 2010)

Wo

r

Sowinski v. California Air Resources Board Case No. 2019-1558 971 F.3d 1371 (2020) (U.S.

Court of Appeals Federal Circuit) 3

United States Code 18 U. S. Code §1001

)

United States Code 5 U. S. Code § 3 3 31

)

United States Code 42 U.S. Code § 1983

}

United States Code 18 U. S. Code § 242

|

United States Constitution Amendment 14

I

United States District Judge Leslie A. Gardner Order

1J

;

STATEMENT OF THE CASE

This case derived from me being denied the equal and fair treatment given to me by Amendment

14 of the United States Constitution to No State shall make or enforce any law which shall

abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive

any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within

its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. The State of Georgia refused to comply, enforce

and adhere to its’ own State Laws when it was in clear and direct violation of its’ Laws, the

Official Code for the State of Georgia, in reference and regarding its’ own Citizens and

Residents, which Deprived me of Equal Protection of the State Of Georgia Laws, the immunities

and privileges of being a Natural Born Citizen of the United States of equal justice. The United

States Court of Appeals Eleventh Circuit has entered a decision in conflict with the decision of

another United States court of appeals on the same important matter; has so far departed from the

accepted and usual course of judicial proceedings, or sanctioned such a departure by a lower

court, as to call for an exercise of this Court’s supervisory power; and (c) a state court or a

United States court of appeals has decided an important question of federal law that has not been,

but should be, settled by this Court, or has decided an important federal question in a way that

conflicts with relevant decisions of this Court. United States Court of Appeals Eleventh Circuit

Clerk of Court David J. Smith states he Dismissed my Appeal on August 27, 2020, but he dated

a September 4, 2020 letter of Notice that he and the United States Court of Appeals Eleventh

Circuit Dismissed my Appeal, eight (8) days and which the letter was postmarked and received

by the United States Postal Service September 9, 2020, thirteen (13) days which means

September 9, 2020 is the date the United States Court of Appeals Eleventh Circuit Clerk Of

Court had the letter delivered and dropped off at the United States Postal Service, which was

unlawfully, intentional, and deliberate to assure that I had less time to Appeal his Unlawful

Dismissal of my Appeal. The egregious conduct and behavior by a Clerk of Court and United

States Court of Appeals, the Eleventh Circuit has so far departed from the accepted and usual

course of judicial proceedings and therefore needs the Supreme Court of the United States to

correct their abusive and deviation from the normal and accepted usual course of how judicial

proceedings are conducted in a court of law. There are some disputable facts and laws that need

to be reviewed and decided by the United States Supreme Court by the United States Court of

Appeals Eleventh Circuit Clerk Of Court David J. Smith interpretation of the United States

Federal Law. The United States Court of Appeals has decided an important question of federal

law that has not been, but should be, settled by this Court, or has decided an important federal

question in a way that conflicts with relevant decisions of this Court and that question is Should

a Court Official compensated by the United States Government use and abuse the power of their

office and position to divert, disregard, and derelict the law and their sworn duties they took by

their oath of office to do their job fair, impartial, and unbiased pursuant to the Constitution of the

United States and the United States Code. I have evidence I sent my Appendix the first (1st) time

on August 17, 2020 in and with my Appellant Brief of which I tracked with receipt my Appellant

Brief in the United States Mail to the United States Court of Appeals Eleventh Circuit of which

Mr. David J. Smith made false statements saying I did not sent and I failed to send my Appendix

with my Appellant Brief to prosecute my Appeal. Mr. David J. Smith he failed to send my

Appeal of his decision to the United States Supreme Court on September 12, 2020 as I asked

him, but instead filed a Motion to Reinstate my Appeal stating “Opposition to Motion is

Unknown 9193254-1” and states further “Please send in your Appendix so that your Motion can

be acted upon. Your Motion has been filed but will not be considered or acted upon by the Court

pending receipt of the Appendix. If you fail to file the Appendix within FOURTEEN (14) DAYS

from the date of this letter, the Court will determine whether the Motion should be Stricken for

Failure to Comply with the Rules. This may result in your Motion being Returned to you without

Court Action”, this letter you sent me dated September 21, 2020. Mr. David J. Smith he made

false statements on August 27, August 28, September 4, September 21, and October 22, 2020

stating “The Court is in receipt of your Motion to Reinstate. Ffowever, no action will be taken

because Appellant failed to submit the required Appendix. If Appellant chooses to submit the

Appendix, a Motion to Reinstate will also be Required”. I sent my second (2nd) Appendix on

October 1, 2020 with Exhibits and David J. Smith made false statements again saying I failed to

send my required Appendix, which I tracked with receipt my second (2nd) Appendix I sent to the

United States Court of Appeals Eleventh Circuit in the United States Mail. United States District

Court Judge Leslie A. Gardner stated that just because a federal statute has been violated 18

United States Code § 246 Deprivation of Relief Benefits, 18 United States Code § 245 Federally

Protected Activities, 18 United States Code § 241 Conspiracy Against Rights and a person was

harmed does not automatically give rise to a private cause of action in favor of that person, U.S.

Supreme Court case Cannon v. University of Chicago, 441 U.S. 677 (1979) United States

District Court Judge Leslie A. Gardner did not state the facts of this civil action before the

United States Supreme Court, the United States Supreme Court ruled Held: Petitioner may

maintain her lawsuit, despite the absence of any express authorization for it in Title IX. Pp. 441

U. S. 688-717. Pp. 441 U. S. 710-716. (a) Before concluding that Congress intended to make a

remedy available to a special class of litigants, a court must carefully analyze the following four

factors that Cort v. Ash, 422 U. S. 66, identifies as indicative of such an intent: (1) whether the

statute was enacted for the benefit of a special class of which the plaintiff is a member, (2)

whether there is any indication of legislative intent to create a private remedy, (3) whether

implication of such a remedy is consistent with the underlying purposes of the legislative

scheme, and (4) whether implying a federal remedy is inappropriate because the subject matter

involves an area basically of concern to the States. P. 441 U. S. 688. (b) The first factor is

satisfied here since Title IX explicitly confers a benefit on persons discriminated against on the

basis of sex, and petitioner is clearly a member of that class for whose special benefit the statute

was enacted. Pp. 441 U. S. 689-694. (c) As to the second factor, the legislative history of Title IX

rather plainly indicates that Congress intended to create a private cause of action. Title IX was

patterned after Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, and the drafters of Title IX explicitly

assumed that it would be interpreted and enforced in the same manner as Title VI, which had

already been construed by lower federal courts as creating a private remedy when Title IX was

enacted. Pp. 441 U. S. 694-703. (d) The third factor is satisfied, since implication of a private

remedy will not frustrate the underlying purposes of the legislative scheme but, instead, will

assist in achieving the statutory purpose of providing individual citizens effective protection

against discriminatory practices. Pp. 441 U. S. 703-708. (e) As to the fourth factor, since the

Civil War, the Federal Government and the federal courts have been the primary and powerful

reliances in protecting citizens against invidious discrimination of any sort, including that on the

basis of sex. Moreover, it is the expenditure of federal funds that provides the justification for

this particular statutory prohibition. Pp. 441 U. S. 708-709. (f) Respondents' principal argument

against implying a cause of action under Title IX — that it is unwise to subject admissions

decisions of universities to judicial scrutiny at the behest of disappointed applicants on a case-by­

case basis because this kind of litigation is burdensome, and inevitably will have an adverse

effect on the independence of members of university committees — is without merit. The

congressional majorities that passed Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Title IX

rejected the same argument when advanced by the congressional opponents of the two statutes,

and there is nothing to demonstrate that private Title VI litigation has been so costly or

voluminous that either the academic community or the courts have been unduly burdened, or that

university administrators will be so concerned about the risk of litigation that they will fail to

discharge their important responsibilities in an independent and professional manner. Pp. 441 U.

S. 709-710. (g) Nor is there any merit to respondents' arguments, starting from the premise that

Title IX and Title VI should receive the same construction, that a comparison of Title VI with

other titles of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 demonstrates that Congress created express private

remedies whenever it found them desirable, and that certain excerpts from the legislative history

of Title VI foreclose the implication of a private remedy. The fact that other provisions of a

complex statutory scheme create express remedies has not been accepted as a sufficient reason,

by itself, for refusing to imply an otherwise appropriate remedy under a separate section, and

none of the excerpts from the legislative history cited by respondents evidences any hostility

toward an implied private remedy for terminating the offending discrimination. 559 F.2d 1063,

reversed and remanded. United States District Court Judge Leslie A. Gardner stated that in

regards to HIPAA claims, “It is well established that F1IPAA provides no private right of action”,

that the United States Federal courts “decline to hold that HIPAA creates a private cause of

action”, and “finding no evidence that Congress intended to create a private right of action under

HIPAA” and Your Honor stated Sneed v. Pan American Hospital 370 F. App’x 47, 50 (11th Cir.

2010) and Means v. Indep. Life & Acc. Ins. Co. 963 F. Supp. 1131, 1135 (M.D. Ala. 1997). In

the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit Timothy Sneed v. Pan American

Hospital, the United States Court of Appeals ruled Timothy Sneed pro se appeals the district

court’s order denying as untimely his Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 60(b) motion to vacate or

set aside the district court’s order dismissing Sneed’s 42 U.S.C. § 1983 complaint. After review,

we affirm. The district court denied the Rule 60(b) motion as untimely because it was not filed

within one year of the September 10, 2009 dismissal order. Sneed filed this appeal. II.

DISCUSSION Rule 60(b) permits a district court to “relieve a party or its legal representative

from a final judgment, order, or proceeding for,” among other things, “newly discovered

evidence that, with reasonable diligence, could not have been discovered in time to move for a

new trial under Rule 59(b).” Fed. R. Civ. P. 60(b)(2). A Rule 60(b)(2) motion is an extraordinary

motion, and “the requirements of the rule must be strictly met.” Toole v. Baxter Healthcare

Corp., 235 F.3d 1307, 1316 (11th Cir. 2000). A Rule 60(b)(2) motion must be filed “no more

than a year after the entry of the judgment or order or the date of the proceeding.” Fed. R. Civ. P.

60(c)(1). Here, the district court did not abuse its discretion when it denied Sneed’s Rule

60(b)(2) motion. The district court’s corrected dismissal order was entered on September 1-0,

2009. Sneed did not file his Rule 60(b)(2) motion until October 27, 2010, more than one year

later. Sneed contends that he did not receive a copy of the September 10, 2009 dismissal order

until October 30, 2009 because he was being transferred to a different prison facility. However,

the one-year time period for filing Rule 60(b)(2) motions runs from the entry of the September

10, 2009 judgment or order Sneed’s motion seeks to set aside, not from the time the party

receives actual notice of the judgment or order. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 60(c)(1). And, Sneed admits

he received the order on October 20, 2009, which was well before the one-year period expired on

September 10, 2010. Thus, Sneed’s Rule 60(b)(2) motion was untimely. AFFIRMED.

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES

JUSTIN LASTER

Petitioner

CIVIL ACTION

APPEAL FILE NO. 20-12575-BB

v.

STATE OF GEORGIA,

GEORGIA STATE BOARD

OF WORKERS1 COMPENSATION,

GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF

ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES,

GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF

CORRECTIONS

Respondents’

REASONS FOR GRANTING THE PETITION

Comes Now the Petitioner, Justin Laster, respectfully submit to the Supreme Court of the United

States my Petition for Writ of Certiorari in respect to Rule 10 Part 3 of the Supreme Court of the

United States Rules (a) a United States court of appeals has entered a decision in conflict with

the decision of another United States court of appeals on the same important matter; has decided

an important federal question in a way that conflicts with a decision by a state court of last resort;

or has so far departed from the accepted and usual course of judicial proceedings, or sanctioned

such a departure by a lower court, as to call for an exercise of this Court’s supervisory power;

and (c) a state court or a United States court of appeals has decided an important question of

federal law that has not been, but should be, settled by this Court, or has decided an important

federal question in a way that conflicts with relevant decisions of this Court. Mr. David J. Smith,

Clerk Of Court for the United States Court of Appeals Eleventh Circuit have made several false

statements in official governmental court documents to help the Defendants I am suing in this

Civil Lawsuit Action, the United States District Court Judge which made false statements in this

Civil Action as well, and Mr. David J. Smith, Clerk Of Court for the United States Court of

Appeals Eleventh Circuit attempt to intimidate me and pressure me illegally and unlawfully in

violation of 18 U.S. Code § 1001. Statements or entries generally, 5 U.S. Code § 3331. Oath of

office, 42 U.S. Code § 1983. Civil action for deprivation of rights, 18 U.S. Code § 242.

Deprivation of rights under color of law, and Amendment 14 of the United States Constitution,

which is criminal activity of which he has and is still engaging in in my Civil Lawsuit Action

with his Abusing of Power. I asked Mr. David J. Smith, Clerk Of Court for the United States

Court of Appeals Eleventh Circuit to send my Civil Lawsuit Action to the United States Supreme

Court in my first (1st) Notice of Appeal to the United States Court of Appeals Eleventh Circuit

on September 12, 2020 when Mr. David J. Smith, Clerk Of Court for the United States Court of

Appeals Eleventh Circuit made false statements on August 27 - August 28, 2020 stating, “I failed

to prosecute my Civil Action in a Timely Manner because I did not send my Appendix with my

Appellant Brief’ and therefore it was Dismissed, then Mr. David J. Smith, Clerk Of Court for the

United States Court of Appeals Eleventh Circuit eight (8) days later wrote a letter as he said

informing me of him Dismissing my Civil Lawsuit Action because I failed to prosecute my Civil

Lawsuit Action by sending my Appendix with my Appellant Brief, and thirteen (13) days later

Mr. David J. Smith, Clerk Of Court for the United States Court of Appeals Eleventh Circuit

finally took his letter informing me of my Dismissed Appeal to the United States Postal Service

so it could get sent to me informing me of what decision he had made “on his own”

unprecedented without any United States Court of Appeals Eleventh Circuit Judges making a

lawful, unbiased, impartial ruling based on the facts of the case. A Petition for Writ for Certiorari

should be Granted in this case because Mr. David J. Smith, Clerk Of Court for the United States

Court of Appeals Eleventh Circuit have placed the United States Court of Appeals Eleventh

Circuit and pushed the United States Court of Appeals Eleventh Circuit whom he works for in a

unlawful and unprecedented situation that the United States Court of Appeals Eleventh Circuit

has entered a decision in conflict with the decision of several other United States Court of

Appeals on the same important matter. In the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal

Circuit RICHARD SOWINSKI, Plaintiff-Appellant v. CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES

BOARD, Defendant-Appellee Case No. 2019-1558, Dr. Richard Sowinski filed a lawsuit on

November 24, 2015 in the California Superior Court in Orange County, against the California

Air Resources Board (“CARB”) and several individual and corporate defendants associated with

CARB. A defendant in the lawsuit filed a motion and the lawsuit was removed to the United

States District Court for the Central District of California. Pre-trial proceedings included the

defendants filing several motions to dismiss. After Dr. Richard Sowinski moved to file an

amended complaint, the parties filed a joint stipulation to withdraw the amended complaint and

postpone the hearing on the motions to dismiss. The joint stipulation included the statement that

the motions to dismiss were “potentially case dispositive.” Dr. Richard Sowinski did not file a

response to the motions to dismiss. After the period set in the local rules for such response, the

district court dismissed the complaint “pursuant to Central District of California Local Rule 7-12,

which provides that the failure to file a document within a deadline ‘may be deemed consent to

the granting or denial of the motion.'” Dist. Ct. Op. at *2. The dismissal was with prejudice and

without leave to amend. Mr. David J. Smith, Clerk Of Court for the United States Court of

Appeals Eleventh Circuit and the United States Court of Appeals Eleventh Circuit deviated or

has so far departed from the accepted and usual course of judicial proceedings from what a

normal and reasonable United States Court of Appeals conduct and ruling would be as shown by

the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. In the United States Court of Appeals

For the Seventh Circuit Chicago, Illinois RICKEY J. HARRIS III, Plaiptiff-Appellant, v.

ANTHONY EMANUELE and MICHAEL ZETTING, Defendants-Appellees Case No. 19-3548,

Rickey J. Harris III filed a lawsuit in May 2018 under 42 United States Code § 1983 against

officers who had allegedly strip-searched him. After Harris filed this suit under 42 U.S.C. § 1983

in May 2018, the district court issued several orders. First, within the first four months, it twice

screened the complaint. See 28 U.S.C. § 1915A(a). In the two screening orders, the court warned

Harris that he must notify the court of any change of address and that failing to do so could result

in dismissal for failure to prosecute. In November, the court ordered the parties to complete

discovery in ninety days (by February 2019). The scheduling order reiterated that the plaintiff

must provide his current address or risk dismissal. The district court eventually dismissed the

case. Near the end of discovery, the defendants moved to extend it, stating that for three weeks

defense counsel had been unable to locate Harris to serve him with discovery. They explained

that mail sent to Harris’s address on file at the court was returned undeliverable, public databases

had yielded no new address, and Harris had not served any discovery with a return address. The

defendants also asked the court to order Harris to update his address, adding that if he failed to

do so, then it could dismiss the case for failure to prosecute. A few days later, the court

dismissed the case for failure to prosecute and comply with court orders. See FED. R. CIV. P.

41(b). It pointed out that it had previously ordered Harris to notify it of any change in his address

and warned him that it could dismiss his case if he failed to do so, yet Harris had nonetheless

failed to comply. The clerk mailed a copy of the dismissal order to Harris’s address on file, but it

was returned as undeliverable. ORDER This is an appeal from a district court’s discretionary

refusal to reopen a case. In 2018, Rickey Harris sued officers who had allegedly strip-searched

him. During discovery, counsel for the defendants tried unsuccessfully to locate Harris, who had

not updated his address, as the district court had three times ordered him to do or risk dismissal.

The court later dismissed Harris’s suit sua sponte for failure to prosecute and comply with those

orders. Seven months later, Harris unsuccessfully moved to vacate that judgment. He argued that

a fire at his home ten months earlier had prevented him from receiving mail there. But the district

court permissibly decided that Harris had not adequately explained his failure to update his

address after the fire, so we affirm. The United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit in

Chicago, Illinois ruled against Mr. Rickey J. Harris and in favor of the defendants because the

United States District Court gave Mr. Rickey J. Harris several chances, three (3) times to comply

with the district court orders to update his address if he moves and he did not and the defendants

attempted to locate Mr. Rickey J. Harris during discovery in his case and he did not respond, so

the district court dismissed his case due to failure to prosecute and comply with the court orders.

Mr. David J. Smith, Clerk Of Court for the United States Court of Appeals Eleventh Circuit and

the United States Court of Appeals Eleventh Circuit deviated or has so far departed from the

accepted and usual course of judicial proceedings from what a normal and reasonable United

States Court of Appeals conduct and ruling would be as shown by the United States Court of

Appeals For the Seventh Circuit. Mr. David J. Smith, Clerk Of Court for the United States Court

of Appeals Eleventh Circuit stated he dismissed my appeal for Failure to Prosecute 11th Cir. R.

42-1 Dismissal of Appeals, (b) Dismissal for Failure to Prosecute Except as otherwise provided

for briefs and appendices in civil appeals in 11th Cir. R. 42-2 and 42-3, when appellant fails to

file a brief or other required papers within the time permitted, or otherwise fails to comply with

the applicable rules, the clerk shall issue a notice to counsel, or to pro se appellant, that upon

expiration of 14 days from the date thereof the appeal will be dismissed for want of prosecution

if the default has not been remedied by filing the brief or other required papers and a motion to

file documents out of time. Within that 14-day notice period a party in default must seek leave of

the court, by appropriate motion, to file documents out of time or otherwise remedy the default.

Failure to timely file such motion will result in dismissal for want of prosecution, 11th Cir. R.

42-2 Dismissal in a Civil Appeal for Appellant’s Failure to File Brief or Appendix by Due Date,

(c) Dismissal Without Further Notice. When an appellant has failed to file the brief or appendix

by the due date as established by 11th Cir. R. 30-l(c) and 31-1 and set forth in the clerk’s notice,

or, if the due date has been extended by the court, within the time so extended, an appeal shall be

treated as dismissed for failure to prosecute on the first business day following the due date. The

clerk thereafter will enter an order dismissing the appeal and mail a copy of that order to counsel

and pro se parties. If an appellant is represented by appointed counsel, the clerk may refer the

matter to the Chief Judge for consideration of possible disciplinary action against counsel in lieu

of dismissal, and 11th Cir. R. 42-3 Dismissal in a Civil Appeal for Appellant’s Failure to Correct

a Deficiency in Briefs or Appendices Within 14 Days of Notice, (b) Notice to Correct a

Deficiency in Briefs or Appendices. If briefs or appendices do not comply with the rules

governing the form of briefs and appendices, the clerk will send counsel and pro se parties a

notice specifying the matters requiring correction. A complete corrected set of replacement briefs

or appendices must be filed in the office of the clerk within 14 days of the date of the clerk’s

notice, (c) Dismissal Without Further Notice. When an appellant has failed to correct the brief or

appendix within 14 days of the clerk’s notice, or, if the due date has been extended by the court,

within the time so extended, an appeal shall be treated as dismissed for failure to prosecute on

the first business day following the due date. The clerk thereafter will enter an order dismissing

the appeal and mail a copy of that order to counsel and pro se parties. If an appellant is

represented by appointed counsel, the clerk may refer the matter to the Chief Judge for

consideration of possible disciplinary action against counsel in lieu of dismissal, (e) Motion to

Set Aside Dismissal and Remedy Default. An appeal dismissed pursuant to this rule may be

reinstated only upon the filing of a motion to set aside the dismissal and remedy the default

showing extraordinary circumstances, accompanied by the required corrected brief or appendix.

Such a motion showing extraordinary circumstances, accompanied by the required corrected

brief or appendix, must be filed within 14 days of the date the clerk enters the order dismissing

the appeal. The timely filing of such a motion, accompanied by the required corrected brief or

appendix, and a showing of extraordinary circumstances, is the exclusive method of seeking to

set aside a dismissal entered pursuant to this rule. An untimely filed motion to set aside dismissal

and remedy default must be denied unless the motion demonstrates extraordinary circumstances

justifying the delay in filing the motion, and no further filings shall be accepted by the clerk in

that dismissed appeal. The time to file a responsive brief runs from the date the court’s order

granting a motion to set aside dismissal and remedy default is entered on the docket. Mr. David

J. Smith, Clerk Of Court for the United States Court of Appeals Eleventh Circuit sent me a letter

from the United States Court of Appeals dated September 21, 2020 stating, “Please take notice

that the following motion has been filed: MOTION to reinstate appealfiled by Appellant Justin

Laster. Opposition to Motion is Unknown [9193254-1] Please send in your appendix, so that

your motion can be acted upon. Your motion has been filed but will not be considered or acted

upon by the Court pending receipt of the appendix. If you fail to file the appendix within

FOURTEEN (14) DAYS from the date of this letter, the Court will determine whether the

motion should be stricken for failure to comply with the Rules. This may result in your motion

being returned to you without Court action. Sincerely, DAVID J. SMITH, Clerk of Court. Mr.

David J. Smith, Clerk Of Court for the United States Court of Appeals Eleventh Circuit on

August 5, 2020 sent out a Memorandum stating, “Enclosed are proposed amendments to the

Rules of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit. Text to be deleted is linedthrough. Comments on the proposed amendments may be submitted in writing to me at the above

address, or electronically at http://www.call.uscourts.gov/rules/proposed-revisions, by 5:00 PM

Eastern Time on September 4, 2020. David J. Smith” when I sent my Appellant Brief to the

United States Court of Appeals Eleventh Circuit on August 17, 2020 before this Proposed Rule

Changes would go into effect and he attempted to demand that I was subject to his Proposed

Rule Changes in the United States Court of Appeals Eleventh Circuit before September 4, 2020.

This egregious conduct and behavior by a Clerk of Court and United States Court of Appeals, the

Eleventh Circuit has so far departed from the accepted and usual course of judicial proceedings

and therefore needs the Supreme Court of the United States to correct their abusive and deviation

from the normal and accepted usual course of how judicial proceedings are conducted in a court

of law. I sent a second (2nd) Notice of Appeal of the United States Court of Appeals Eleventh

Circuit Clerk David J. Smith for Entering a Clerk’s Dismissal for Failure To Prosecute my

Appeal and to Timely File Or Correct My Brief Or Appendix to the United State Supreme Court

for review of the United States Court of Appeals Eleventh Circuit Clerk Of Court Entry of

Dismissal actions of Dismissal of my Appeal and not legally explaining in detail and with

applicable law why he unlawfully dismissed my Appeal on October 22, 2020. The United States

Court of Appeals Eleventh Circuit Clerk of Court David J. Smith states he Dismissed my Appeal

on August 27, 2020, but he dated a September 4, 2020 letter of Notice that he and the United

States Court of Appeals Eleventh Circuit Dismissed my Appeal, eight (8) days and which the

letter was postmarked and received by the United States Postal Service September 9, 2020,

thirteen (13) days which means September 9, 2020 is the date the United States Court of Appeals

Eleventh Circuit Clerk Of Court had the letter delivered and dropped off at the United States

Postal Service, which was unlawfully, intentional, and deliberate to assure that I had less time to

Appeal his Unlawful Dismissal of my Appeal. This egregious conduct and behavior by a Clerk

of Court and United States Court of Appeals, the Eleventh Circuit has so far departed from the

accepted and usual course of judicial proceedings and therefore needs the Supreme Court of the

United States to correct their abusive and deviation from the normal and accepted usual course of

how judicial proceedings are conducted in a court of law. There are some disputable facts and

laws that need to be reviewed and decided by the United States Supreme Court by the United

States Court of Appeals Eleventh Circuit Clerk Of Court David J. Smith interpretation of the

United States Federal Law. The United States Court of Appeals has decided an important

question of federal law that has not been, but should be, settled by this Court, or has decided an

important federal question in a way that conflicts with relevant decisions of this Court and that

question is Should a Court Official compensated by the United States Government use and abuse

the power of their office and position to divert, disregard, and derelict the law and their sworn

duties they took by their oath of office to do their job fair, impartial, and unbiased pursuant to the

Constitution of the United States and the United States Code. Mr. David J. Smith have

deliberately been partial to the Defendants in this Civil Lawsuit Action, the United States District

Court Judge that presided over my Civil Lawsuit action in the United States District Court, the

lower court, prejudice, and bias against me and he somehow still took it upon himself to still

make decisions over my Civil Lawsuit Action and did not recuse himself after his deliberate

violations in official court documents of United States Code in accordance with Federal Law. I

have evidence I sent my Appendix the first (1st) time on August 17, 2020 in and with my

Appellant Brief of which I tracked with receipt my Appellant Brief in the United States Mail to

the United States Court of Appeals Eleventh Circuit of which Mr. David J. Smith made false

statements saying I did not sent and I failed to send my Appendix with my Appellant Brief to

prosecute my Appeal. Mr. David J. Smith he failed to send my Appeal of his decision to the

United States Supreme Court on September 12, 2020 as I asked him, but instead filed a Motion

to Reinstate my Appeal stating “Opposition to Motion is Unknown 9193254-1” and states further

“Please send in your Appendix so that your Motion can be acted upon. Your Motion has been

filed but will not be considered or acted upon by the Court pending receipt of the Appendix. If

you fail to file the Appendix within FOURTEEN (14) DAYS from the date of this letter, the

Court will determine whether the Motion should be Stricken for Failure to Comply with the

Rules. This may result in your Motion being Returned to you without Court Action”, this letter

you sent me dated September 21, 2020. Mr. David J. Smith he made false statements on August

27, August 28, September 4, September 21, and October 22, 2020 stating “The Court is in receipt

of your Motion to Reinstate. However, no action will be taken because Appellant failed to

submit the required Appendix. If Appellant chooses to submit the Appendix, a Motion to

Reinstate will also be Required”. I sent my second (2nd) Appendix on October 1, 2020 with

Exhibits and David J. Smith made false statements again saying I failed to send my required

Appendix, which I tracked with receipt my second (2nd) Appendix I sent to the United States

Court of Appeals Eleventh Circuit in the United States Mail.

In the United States Supreme Court case of Bearden v. Georgia, 461 U.S. 660 (1983), Tunnel

Hill, Georgia resident, Danny Bearden Petitioner pleaded guilty in a Georgia trial court to

burglary and theft by receiving stolen property, but the court, pursuant to the Georgia First

Offender's Act, did not enter a judgment of guilt and sentenced petitioner to probation on the

condition that he pay a $500 fine and $250 in restitution, with $100 payable that day, $100 the

next day, and the $550 balance within four months. Petitioner borrowed money and paid the first

$200, but about a month later he was laid off from his job, and, despite repeated efforts, was

unable to find other work. Shortly before the $550 balance became due, he notified the probation

office that his payment was going to be late. Thereafter, the State filed a petition to revoke

petitioner's probation because he had not paid the balance, and the trial court, after a hearing,

revoked probation, entered a conviction, and sentenced petitioner to prison. The record of the

hearing disclosed that petitioner had been unable to find employment and had no assets or

income. The Georgia Court of Appeals rejected petitioner's claim that imprisoning him for

inability to pay the fine and make restitution violated the Equal Protection Clause of the

Fourteenth Amendment. The Georgia Supreme Court denied review. Held: A sentencing court

cannot properly revoke a defendant's probation for failure to pay a fine and make restitution,

absent evidence and findings that he was somehow responsible for the failure or that alternative

forms of punishment were inadequate to meet the State's interest in punishment and deterrence,

and hence here the trial court erred in automatically revoking petitioner's probation and turning

the fine into a prison sentence without making such a determination. Pp. 664-674. (a) If a State

determines a fine or restitution to be the appropriate and adequate penalty for the crime, it may

not thereafter imprison a person solely because he lacked the resources to pay it. Williams v.

Illinois, 399 U.S. 235 ; Tate v. Short, 401 U.S. 395 . If the probationer has willfully refused to

pay the fine or restitution when he has the resources to pay or has failed to make sufficient bona

fide efforts to seek employment or borrow money to pay, the State is justified in using

imprisonment as a sanction to enforce collection. But if the probationer has made all reasonable

bona fide efforts to pay the fine and yet cannot do so through no fault of his own, it is

fundamentally unfair to revoke probation automatically without considering whether adequate

alternative methods of punishing [461 U.S. 660, 661] the probationer are available to meet the

State's interest in punishment and deterrence. Pp. 664-669. (b) The State may not use as the sole

justification for imprisonment the poverty or inability of the probationer to pay the fine and to

make restitution if he has demonstrated sufficient bona fide efforts to do so. Pp. 669-672. (c)

Only if alternative measures of punishment are not adequate to meet the State's interests in

punishment and deterrence may the court imprison a probationer who has made sufficient bona

fide efforts to pay the fine. To do otherwise would deprive the probationer of his conditional

freedom simply because, through no fault of his own, he cannot pay. Such a deprivation would

be contrary to the fundamental fairness required by the Fourteenth Amendment. Pp. 672-673.

161 Ga. App. 640, 288 S. E. 2d 662, reversed and remanded. The United States Supreme Court

had to reverse a ruling all of the State of Georgia courts ruled in sync that Bearden, the

probationer refused to pay his fines the court imposed on him, but instead he did not have the

funds to pay the court imposed fines and the State of Georgia courts jailed him, violating his

rights to a fair sentencing remedy instead of jailing Mr. Bearden because he could not afford to

pay them.

United States District Court Judge Leslie A. Gardner stated that just because a federal statute has

been violated 18 United States Code § 246 Deprivation of Relief Benefits, 18 United States Code

§ 245 Federally Protected Activities, 18 United States Code § 241 Conspiracy Against Rights

and a person was harmed does not automatically give rise to a private cause of action in favor of

that person, U.S. Supreme Court case Cannon v. University of Chicago, 441 U.S. 677 (1979)

United States District Court Judge Leslie A. Gardner did not state the facts of this civil action

before the United States Supreme Court, the United States Supreme Court ruled Held: Petitioner

may maintain her lawsuit, despite the absence of any express authorization for it in Title IX. Pp.

441 U. S. 688-717. Pp. 441 U. S. 710-716. (a) Before concluding that Congress intended to make

a remedy available to a special class of litigants, a court must carefully analyze the following

four factors that Cort v. Ash, 422 U. S. 66, identifies as indicative of such an intent: (1) whether

the statute was enacted for the benefit of a special class of which the plaintiff is a member, (2)

whether there is any indication of legislative intent to create a private remedy, (3) whether

implication of such a remedy is consistent with the underlying purposes of the legislative

scheme, and (4) whether implying a federal remedy is inappropriate because the subject matter

involves an area basically of concern to the States. P. 441 U. S. 688. (b) The first factor is

satisfied here since Title IX explicitly confers a benefit on persons discriminated against on the

basis of sex, and petitioner is clearly a member of that class for whose special benefit the statute

was enacted. Pp. 441 U. S. 689-694. (c) As to the second factor, the legislative history of Title IX

rather plainly indicates that Congress intended to create a private cause of action. Title IX was

patterned after Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, and the drafters of Title IX explicitly

assumed that it would be interpreted and enforced in the same manner as Title VI, which had

already been construed by lower federal courts as creating a private remedy when Title IX was

enacted. Pp. 441 U. S. 694-703. (d) The third factor is satisfied, since implication of a private

remedy will not frustrate the underlying purposes of the legislative scheme but, instead, will

assist in achieving the statutory purpose of providing individual citizens effective protection

against discriminatory practices. Pp. 441 U. S. 703-708. (e) As to the fourth factor, since the

Civil War, the Federal Government and the federal courts have been the primary and powerful

reliances in protecting citizens against invidious discrimination of any sort, including that on the

basis of sex. Moreover, it is the expenditure of federal funds that provides the justification for

this particular statutory prohibition. Pp. 441 U. S. 708-709. (f) Respondents' principal argument

against implying a cause of action under Title IX — that it is unwise to subject admissions

decisions of universities to judicial scrutiny at the behest of disappointed applicants on a case-bycase basis because this kind of litigation is burdensome, and inevitably will have an adverse

effect on the independence of members of university committees — is without merit. The

congressional majorities that passed Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Title IX

rejected the same argument when advanced by the congressional opponents of the two statutes,

and there is nothing to demonstrate that private Title VI litigation has been so costly or

voluminous that either the academic community or the courts have been unduly burdened, or that

university administrators will be so concerned about the risk of litigation that they will fail to

discharge their important responsibilities in an independent and professional manner. Pp. 441 U.

S. 709-710. (g) Nor is there any merit to respondents' arguments, starting from the premise that

Title IX and Title VI should receive the same construction, that a comparison of Title VI with

other titles of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 demonstrates that Congress created express private

remedies whenever it found them desirable, and that certain excerpts from the legislative history

of Title VI foreclose the implication of a private remedy. The fact that other provisions of a

complex statutory scheme create express remedies has not been accepted as a sufficient reason,

by itself, for refusing to imply an otherwise appropriate remedy under a separate section, and

none of the excerpts from the legislative history cited by respondents evidences any hostility

toward an implied private remedy for terminating the offending discrimination. 559 F.2d 1063,

reversed and remanded.

United States District Court Judge Leslie A. Gardner stated that in regards to HIPAA claims, “It

is well established that HIPAA provides no private right of action”, that the United States

Federal courts “decline to hold that HIPAA creates a private cause of action”, and “finding no

evidence that Congress intended to create a private right of action under HIPAA” and Your

Honor stated Sneed v. Pan American Hospital 370 F. App’x 47, 50 (11th Cir. 2010) and Means

v. Indep. Life & Acc. Ins. Co. 963 F. Supp. 1131, 1135 (M.D. Ala. 1997). In the United States

Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit Timothy Sneed v. Pan American Hospital, the United

States Court of Appeals ruled Timothy Sneed pro se appeals the district court’s order denying as

untimely his Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 60(b) motion to vacate or set aside the district

court’s order dismissing Sneed’s 42 U.S.C. § 1983 complaint. After review, we affirm. The

district court denied the Rule 60(b) motion as untimely because it was not filed within one year

of the September 10, 2009 dismissal order. Sneed filed this appeal. II. DISCUSSION Rule 60(b)

permits a district court to “relieve a party or its legal representative from a final judgment, order,

or proceeding for,” among other things, “newly discovered evidence that, with reasonable

diligence, could not have been discovered in time to move for a new trial under Rule 59(b).” Fed.

R. Civ. P. 60(b)(2). A Rule 60(b)(2) motion is an extraordinary motion, and “the requirements of

the rule must be strictly met.” Toole v. Baxter Healthcare Corp., 235 F.3d 1307, 1316 (11th Cir.

2000). A Rule 60(b)(2) motion must be filed “no more than a year after the entry of the judgment

or order or the date of the proceeding.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 60(c)(1). Here, the district court did not

abuse its discretion when it denied Sneed’s Rule 60(b)(2) motion. The district court’s corrected

dismissal order was entered on September 10, 2009. Sneed did not file his Rule 60(b)(2) motion

until October 27, 2010, more than one year later. Sneed contends that he did not receive a copy

of the September 10, 2009 dismissal order until October 30, 2009 because he was being

transferred to a different prison facility. However, the one-year time period for filing Rule

60(b)(2) motions runs from the entry of the September 10, 2009 judgment or order Sneed’s

motion seeks to set aside, not from the time the party receives actual notice of the judgment or

order. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 60(c)(1). And, Sneed admits he received the order on October 20,

2009, which was well before the one-year period expired on September 10, 2010. Thus, Sneed’s

Rule 60(b)(2) motion was untimely. AFFIRMED.

In the United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama, M.P. Means, et al. v. The

Independent Life and Accident Insurance Co., et al., the United States District Court ruled This

cause is before the court on a Motion to Remand, filed by the Plaintiffs, M.P. and Mattie Means

("the Plaintiffs") on April 7, 1997. The Plaintiffs originally filed state law claims for fraud,

breach of fiduciary duty, and outrage in the Circuit Court of Lowndes County. Independent Life

and Accident Insurance Company and Eric Anderson ("the Defendants"), subsequently filed a

Notice of Removal on April 2, 1997, stating that this court had subject matter jurisdiction

because the Plaintiffs' Complaint presented claims arising under federal law. For reasons to be

discussed, the Motion to Remand is due to be GRANTED. Removal of a case to federal court is

only proper if the case originally could have been brought in federal court. See 28 U.S.C. §

1441(a). In this case, the Defendants argue that removal was proper because the *1133 court has

federal question jurisdiction. Federal question jurisdiction requires that the action arise under the

Constitution, laws, or treaties of the United States. See 28 U.S.C. § 1331. In deciding whether a

federal question exists, the court must apply the well-pleaded complaint rule whereby the court

looks to the face of the complaint, rather than to any defenses asserted by the defendant. See

Caterpillar, Inc. v. Williams, 482 U.S. 386, 392, 107 S. Ct. 2425, 2429, 96 L. Ed. 2d 318 (1987).

Consequently, the general rule is that a case may not be removed to federal court on the basis of

a federal defense, including the defense of preemption. See Caterpillar, 482 U.S. at 393, 107 S.

Ct. at 2430. There are, however, exceptions to the well-pleaded complaint rule. One exception is

known as the "complete preemption" doctrine. Id. Where the removal petition demonstrates that

the plaintiffs claims, although couched in the language of state law claims, are federal claims in

substance, the preemptive force of federal law provides the basis for removal jurisdiction. See

Avco Corp. v. Aero Lodge No. 735, 390 U.S. 557, 88 S. Ct. 1235, 20 L. Ed. 2d 126 (1968). This

exception is recognized in the rare instance that Congress so "completely pre-empts a particular

area that any civil complaint... is necessarily federal in character." Metropolitan Life Ins. Co. v.

Taylor, 481 U.S. 58, 64, 107 S. Ct. 1542, 1546, 95 L. Ed. 2d 55 (1987). The inquiry for complete

preemption is jurisdictional in nature and focuses on whether Congress intended to make the

plaintiffs cause of action federal and removable despite the fact that the plaintiffs complaint only

pleads state law claims. Whitman v. Raley's Inc., 886 F.2d 1177, 1181 (9th Cir.1989). A second

exception to the well-pleaded complaint rule is that a plaintiff cannot avoid federal jurisdiction

by "omitting to plead necessary federal questions in a complaint." Franchise Tax Board v.

Construction Laborers Vacation Trust, 463 U.S. 1, 22, 103 S. Ct. 2841, 2853, 77 L. Ed. 2d 420

(1983) (citations omitted). In Franchise Tax Board, the Supreme Court stated that although a

plaintiffs cause of action is created by state law, the "case might still 'arise under1 the laws of the

United States if a well-pleaded complaint established that its right to relief under state law

requires resolution of a substantial question of federal law in dispute between the parties." Id. at

13, 103 S. Ct. at 2848. In other words, "some substantial, disputed question of federal law is a

necessary element of one of the well-pleaded state claims." Id. 1. Complete Preemption The

Defendants have argued that the Plaintiffs' claims are completely preempted under 42 U.S.C. §

1395ss as amended by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996

("HIPAA"). The Defendants point specifically to those portions of the Plaintiffs' Complaint in

which they refer to Medicare. For example, the Plaintiffs stated that the "defendants concealed

from plaintiffs the value of the insurance they allegedly had. When plaintiffs became eligible for

Medicare at the age of 65, the vast majority of the benefits under this policy were covered by

Medicare." Complaint, 12. Three factors have been identified as critical to a finding of

"complete preemption." First, the "touchstone of the federal district court's removal jurisdiction

is ... the intent of Congress." Metropolitan, 481 U.S. at 66, 107 S. Ct. at 1548. Second, it is not

sufficient that the federal law preempt the state law claim; the federal law must also "displace"

the state law claim with a cause of action. Id. at 60, 107 S. Ct. at 1544-45. Third, the

jurisdictional and enforcement provisions of ERISA and the LMRA must have a close parallel in

the federal law at issue. Id. at 65, 107 S. Ct. at 1547; see also Monday v. Coast to Coast Wireless

Cable, No. CV-96-A-1321-N, CV-96-A-1539-N, CV-96-A-1720-N, CV-96-A-1722-N, CV-96A-1723-n, CV-96-A-1725-N, 1997 WL 114874 (M.D. Ala. Feb. 19, 1997).[1] *1134 The

Defendants have cited a specific provision of the HIPAA and have argued that this provision

indicates Congress' intent to completely preempt the Plaintiffs' claims. Under the HEPAA A State

may not declare or specify, in statute, regulation, or otherwise, that a health insurance policy

(other than a Medicare supplemental policy) or rider to an insurance contract which is not a

health insurance policy, that is described in clause (iv), (v), (vi) (III) and that is sold, issued or

renewed to an individual entitled to benefits under part A or enrolled under part B "duplicates"

health benefits under this sub-chapter or under a Medicare supplemental policy.

42 U.S.C. § 1395ss(d) (3) (A) (viii) (II) (199). The Defendants state that this provision expressly

preempts state law claims that seek to declare a health insurance policy to be duplicative and,

therefore, indicates Congress' intent to completely preempt. The Defendants also argue that by

enacting the HIPAA, Congress indicated its intent to provide federal control of health insurance

fraud. The Defendants' argument, therefore, apparently is that even if the Plaintiffs do not seek

relief under the HIPAA, the relief that they seek was intended to be precluded by Congress

because it is a state, rather than a federal, attempt to regulate health insurance fraud.

By this overwhelming evidence I have provided above I respectfully asked and move the

Supreme Court of the United States to Grant my Petition for Writ of Certiorari on the grounds

that Rule 10 Part 3 of the Supreme Court of the United States Rules (a) a United States court of

appeals has entered a decision in conflict with the decision of another United States court of

appeals on the same important matter, has so far departed from the accepted and usual course of

judicial proceedings and (c) a state court or a United States court of appeals has decided an

important question of federal law that has not been, but should be, settled by this Court, or has

decided an important federal question in a way that conflicts with relevant decisions of this

Court.

Respectfully submitted,

Austin Laster

This 8th day of December, 2020.

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES

jus™ LASTER

Petitioner

v.

CIVIL ACTION

APPEAL FILE NO. 20-12575-BB

STATE OF GEORGIA,

GEORGIA STATE BOARD

OF WORKERS’ COMPENSATION,

GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF

ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES,

GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF

CORRECTIONS

Respondents’

CONCLUSION

By this overwhelming evidence I have provided above I respectfully asked and move the

Supreme Court of the United States to Grant my Petition for Writ of Certiorari on the grounds

that Rule 10 Part 3 of the Supreme Court of the United States Rules (a) a United States court of

appeals has entered a decision in conflict with the decision of another United States court of

appeals on the same important matter, has so far departed from the accepted and usual course of

judicial proceedings and (c) a state court or a United States court of appeals has decided an

important question of federal law that has not been, but should be, settled by this Court, or has

decided an important federal question in a way that conflicts with relevant decisions of this

Court.

CONCLUSION

The petition for a writ of certiorari should be granted.

Respectfully submitted,

Date:

This is a copy of a public record, reproduced as it was published. It is not legal advice, and it may not be the version a court would rely on. Check the official source before you cite it.

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