The opinion
[Cite as Barnett Mgt. v. Columbia Res. Homeowners Assn., 2023-Ohio-4220.]
COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO
EIGHTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
COUNTY OF CUYAHOGA
BARNETT MANAGEMENT, :
Plaintiff-Appellee, :
No. 112922
v. :
COLUMBIA RESERVE :
HOMEOWNERS’ ASSOCIATION
Defendant-Appellant. :
JOURNAL ENTRY AND OPINION
JUDGMENT: REVERSED AND REMANDED
RELEASED AND JOURNALIZED: November 22, 2023
Civil Appeal from the Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas
Case No. CV-22-966515
Appearances:
Alan J. Rapoport, for appellee
Jonathan E. Rosenbaum, for appellant
ANITA LASTER MAYS, A.J.:
I. Introduction
Defendant-appellant Columbia Reserve Homeowners’ Association
Inc. (“HOA”) appeals the trial court’s grant of plaintiff-appellee Barnett
Management’s (“Barnett”) motion to disqualify HOA’s counsel. We reverse the trial
court’s judgment.
HOA is the homeowners’ association for the Columbia Reserve
residential development located in Columbia Station, Ohio in the county of Lorain.
Barnett was the property management firm for HOA. In March 2022, Barnett sued
HOA in Cleveland Heights Municipal Court to recover legal expenses expended for
services performed on the HOA’s behalf in city of Cleveland Heights. Barnett
claimed entitlement to recover pursuant to the indemnification provision of the
parties’ 2015 management agreement.
On behalf of HOA, counsel Jonathan E. Rosenbaum (“Rosenbaum”)
filed a motion to dismiss or to transfer the case to Lorain County. HOA asserted that
the validity of the management agreement was an issue in two pending cases in
Lorain County involving several parties including HOA and Barnett. HOA also
answered and counterclaimed for a sum that exceeded the municipal court’s
jurisdiction, and on May 16, 2022, the case was transferred to the Cuyahoga County
Court of Common Pleas.
On August 4, 2022, Barnett filed the motion to disqualify at issue in
this case. Barnett claimed that Rosenbaum’s representation of HOA in the instant
case and of Jack Hall (“Hall”), a plaintiff in the Lorain County cases constituted a
conflict of interest. In September 2018, Hall, an owner and HOA member at the
Columbia Reserve development filed the first of the Lorain County cases pro se
against Barnett, property developer Columbia Reserve, Ltd., and others. Causes of
action included violations of the Columbia Reserve Community Development
Declaration, Articles, and By-Laws (“Declaration”). Hall sought to compel the
developer to relinquish control of HOA and asserted mismanagement by Barnett.
In October 2018, Rosenbaum entered his appearance as counsel for
Hall in that case and, in June 2021, Rosenbaum moved for leave to file an amended
complaint. In October 2021, while waiting for a ruling on the motion, Rosenbaum
filed a second suit on behalf of Hall in Lorain County that also included a challenge
to Barnett’s property management activities. In January 2022, Hall was elected as
a member and president of HOA’s three-member board (“HOA Board”). In
February 2022, Barnett issued a notice purportedly terminating the management
agreement with Columbia HOA.
On February 17, 2022, HOA Board voted to retain Rosenbaum “to
continue Hall’s efforts on behalf of the owners through their HOA.” Appellant’s
brief, p. 3. “In the engagement letter, both Hall and HOA specifically waived any
potential conflicts of interest and consented to the dual representation of both Hall
and HOA in compliance with Ohio Prof. Cond. R. 1.7 and 1.13. Hall and HOA did so
after being advised to consult with independent counsel.” Id.
While the motion to disqualify was pending, in December 2022 the
Lorain County cases were settled and dismissed with prejudice. On June 15, 2023,
the trial court granted Barnett’s motion to disqualify Rosenbaum in a summary
entry. Findings of fact and conclusions of law were not requested.
HOA appeals.
II. Assignment of Error
HOA assigns a single error: The trial court erred when it disqualified
HOA’s counsel.
III. Jurisdiction and Standard of Review
An order “‘granting a motion to disqualify opposing counsel is a final
appealable order’” under R.C. 2505.02, Grimes v. Oviatt, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No.
104491, 2017-Ohio-1174, ¶ 37, quoting Wilhelm-Kissinger v. Kissinger, 129 Ohio
St.3d 90, 2011-Ohio-2317, 950 N.E.2d 516, ¶ 10; see also Russell v. Mercy Hosp., 15
Ohio St.3d 37, 39, 472 N.E.2d 695 (1984). “[A]n order granting disqualification
immediately and definitely affects the party it deprives of chosen counsel * * * [and]
it typically imposes a permanent effect because it is unlikely to be reconsidered as a
trial progresses.” (Citations omitted.) Wilhelm-Kissinger at ¶ 9-10.
A trial court has broad discretion in determining a motion to
disqualify counsel. Quiros v. Morales, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 89427, 2007-Ohio-
5442, ¶ 14, citing Spivey v. Bender, 77 Ohio App.3d 17, 601 N.E.2d 56 (6th
Dist.1991). A trial court also has wide discretion to exercise its “‘inherent authority
to supervise members of the bar appearing before it’” including an attorney’s
inability to “‘comply with the Code of Professional Responsibility when representing
a client.’” Wynveen v. Corsaro, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 105538, 2017-Ohio-9170,
¶ 14, quoting Fried v. Abraitis, 2016-Ohio-934, 61 N.E.3d 545, ¶ 11 (8th Dist.), citing
Royal Indem. Co. v. J.C. Penney Co., 27 Ohio St.3d 31, 501 N.E.2d 617 (1986), and
Mentor Lagoons, Inc. v. Rubin, 31 Ohio St.3d 256, 510 N.E.2d 379 (1987).
An unreasonable, unconscionable, and arbitrary decision by a trial
court in granting or denying a motion to disqualify counsel constitutes an abuse of
discretion and will be reversed upon appellate review. Where there is “‘no sound
reasoning process that would support the decision,’” the trial court’s decision is
deemed to be unreasonable. Wynveen at ¶ 15, quoting Fried at ¶ 11, and citing
Centimark Corp. v. Browning Sprinkler Serv., Inc., 85 Ohio App.3d 485, 620
N.E.2d 134 (8th Dist.1993).
The party moving for disqualification bears the burden of
demonstrating the necessity for removal. WFG Natl. Title Ins. Co. v. Meehan, 8th
Dist. Cuyahoga No. 105677, 2018-Ohio-491, ¶ 24, citing Mentor Lagoons, Inc. v.
Teague, 71 Ohio App.3d 719, 724, 595 N.E.2d 392 (11th Dist.1991).
IV. Discussion
The issue proffered in Barnett’s motion to disqualify and reiterated
on appeal is that a conflict-of-interest problem exists under Ohio’s Prof.Cond.R. 1.7
(“Rule 1.7”) because Rosenbaum was representing Hall in Lorain County where
Barnett was a defendant, and HOA in the instant case concurrently. The rule
addresses conflicts of interest involving current clients:
(a) A lawyer’s acceptance or continuation of representation of a client
creates a conflict of interest if either of the following applies:
(1) the representation of that client will be directly adverse to another
current client;
(2) there is a substantial risk that the lawyer’s ability to consider,
recommend, or carry out an appropriate course of action for that client
will be materially limited by the lawyer’s responsibilities to another
client, a former client, or a third person or by the lawyer’s own personal
interests.
Rule 1.7(a)(1)-(2).
Barnett focuses on Rule 1.7(a)(2) and 1.7(b)(1).
(b) A lawyer shall not accept or continue the representation of a client
if a conflict of interest would be created pursuant to division (a) of this
rule, unless all of the following apply:
(1) the lawyer will be able to provide competent and diligent
representation to each affected client.
Rule 1.7(b)(1).
HOA counters that Barnett lacked standing to raise the potential
conflict issue, failed to meet its burden of proof, and that Hall and HOA waived any
such conflict in the engagement letter.
“As a general rule, a stranger to an attorney-client relationship lacks
standing to complain of a conflict of interest in that relationship.” Morgan v. N.
Coast Cable Co., 63 Ohio St.3d 156, 159, 586 N.E.2d 88 (1992), paragraph one of
syllabus.
Typically, courts do not disqualify an attorney on the grounds of
conflict of interest unless there is (or was) an attorney-client
relationship between the party seeking disqualification and the
attorney the party seeks to disqualify. In re Yarn Processing Patent
Validity Litigation v. Leesona Corp., 530 F.2d 83 (5th Cir.1976), and
cases cited therein; see, also, Dana Corp. v. Blue Cross & Blue Shield
Mut., 900 F.2d 882 (6th Cir.1990). Many courts that have dealt with
the issue of whether disqualification of counsel is proper have looked
to their respective codes of professional responsibility for guidance.
Our research indicates that courts in Ohio are not an exception to this
practice.
(Fn. omitted.) Id.
In determining whether to disqualify a party’s attorney based on a
conflict of interest, Ohio courts have applied the test set forth in Dana Corp. v. Blue
Cross & Blue Shield Mut. of N. Ohio, 900 F.2d 882, 889 (6th Cir.1990). (Fn.
omitted.) Stanley v. Bobeck, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 92630, 2009-Ohio-5696, ¶ 13.
The Dana test requires a court to determine whether:
(1) a past attorney-client relationship must have existed between the
party seeking disqualification and the attorney he or she wishes to
disqualify; (2) the subject matter of the past relationship must have
been substantially related to the present case; and (3) the attorney must
have acquired confidential information from the party seeking
disqualification.
Id., citing Dana at 889, Morgan at 159.
There has been no past attorney-client relationship between Barnett
and Rosenbaum. “If a party moving to disqualify an attorney cannot meet the first
prong of the Dana test, that party lacks standing to seek the disqualification.” Id.,
citing Morgan at syllabus. Barnett is unable to pass the first prong of the test.
Therefore, additional analysis is not required.
The assignment of error is sustained.
V. Conclusion
The trial court’s judgment is reversed and remanded for proceedings
consistent with this opinion.
It is ordered that appellant recover from appellee costs herein taxed.
The court finds there were reasonable grounds for this appeal.
It is ordered that a special mandate be sent to said court to carry this judgment
into execution.
A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to Rule
27 of the Rules of Appellate Procedure.
ANITA LASTER MAYS, ADMINISTRATIVE JUDGE
KATHLEEN ANN KEOUGH, J., and
MARY J. BOYLE, J., CONCUR