The opinion
Filed 5/14/13 P. v. Brown CA5
NOT TO BE PUBLISHED IN THE OFFICIAL REPORTS
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IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA
FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
THE PEOPLE,
F064102
Plaintiff and Respondent,
(Super. Ct. No. MCR041837)
v.
JONATHAN DAVID BROWN, OPINION
Defendant and Appellant.
THE COURT*
APPEAL from a judgment of the Superior Court of Madera County. Joseph A.
Soldani, Judge.
Carol Foster, under appointment by the Court of Appeal, for Defendant and
Appellant.
Kamala D. Harris, Attorney General, Dane R. Gillette, Chief Assistant Attorney
General, Michael P. Farrell, Assistant Attorney General, Louis M. Vasquez, Deputy
Attorney General, for Plaintiff and Respondent.
-ooOoo-
* Before Kane, Acting P.J., Poochigian, J. and Peña, J.
The only issue in this case is whether the trial court committed reversible error in
imposing, without objection by defendant, a fine under Penal Code section 368,
subdivision (b)(1). (All further section references are to this code.) We conclude
defendant forfeited this issue by failing to object in the lower court. As a result, we
affirm the judgment.
FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY
On August 10, 2011, defendant and appellant Jonathan David Brown knocked his
82-year-old grandmother to the floor, breaking her hip. A jury found defendant guilty of
one count of violation of section 368, subdivision (b)(1), elder abuse likely to cause great
bodily harm. In a separate trial to the court sitting without a jury, the court found true
four prior prison term enhancement allegations. (§ 667.5, subd. (b).) After reviewing the
presentence report, the court sentenced defendant to the upper term of four years in
prison, together with an additional four years on the prior prison term allegations. In
addition, the court imposed various fines and penalties including, as relevant to this
appeal, a base fine of $200 pursuant to section 368, subdivision (b)(1), with associated
penalties and assessments under the Penal, Government, and Health and Safety Codes of
$630. The section 368, subdivision (b)(1), fine was specified in the probation officer‟s
report. Defendant did not object to the fine at the sentencing hearing.
DISCUSSION
Defendant‟s sole contention on appeal is that a fine under section 368,
subdivision (b)(1), is not authorized when a defendant is sentenced to state prison.1
Defendant forfeited this issue by failing to raise the issue in the trial court. (People v.
Welch (1993) 5 Cal.4th 228, 234.) “As a general rule, only „claims properly raised and
1 In relevant part, section 368, subdivision (b)(1), states that violation of the
subdivision “is punishable by imprisonment in a county jail not exceeding one year, or by
a fine not to exceed six thousand dollars ($6,000), or by both that fine and imprisonment,
or by imprisonment in the state prison for two, three, or four years.”
2.
preserved by the parties are reviewable on appeal.‟ [Citation.]… [A]ll „claims involving
the trial court‟s failure to properly make or articulate its discretionary sentencing choices‟
raised for the first time on appeal are not subject to review.” (People v. Smith (2001) 24
Cal.4th 849, 852.) In this case, the court exercised its discretion to impose a fine of $200,
and the court identified section 368, subdivision (b)(1), as the authority for its sentencing
choice. Even if defendant were correct that a fine is unavailable under section 368,
subdivision (b)(1), when a defendant is sentenced to prison, that exclusion would
automatically invoke the sentencing authority of section 672, authorizing a fine of up to
$10,000 where no fine is otherwise prescribed for the felony conviction. As a result, the
court was not without fundamental jurisdiction to impose the fine (see People v. Smith,
supra, 24 Cal.4th at p. 853), and the court‟s erroneous citation to section 368,
subdivision (b)(1), could easily have been corrected if defendant had made a timely
objection in the lower court. (See People v. Scott (1994) 9 Cal.4th 331, 354-355.)
DISPOSITION
The judgment is affirmed.
3.