The opinion
FILED
Jul 08, 2022
02:44 PM(CT)
TENNESSEE COURT OF
WORKERS' COMPENSATION
CLAIMS
TENNESSEE BUREAU OF WORKERS’ COMPENSATION
IN THE COURT OF WORKERS’ COMPENSATION CLAIMS
AT MEMPHIS
VICTOR SOTO, ) Docket No. 2021-08-0937
Claimant, )
v. )
DENNY PATTERSON, JR. d/b/a ) State File No. 800517-2021
PATTERSON CONSTRUCTION, )
Respondent, )
And )
ARCH INSURANCE CO., ) Judge Deana C. Seymour
Carrier. )
________________________________________________________________________
EXPEDITED HEARING ORDER DENYING BENEFITS
The Court held an Expedited Hearing on June 15, 2022. Mr. Soto claimed workers’
compensation benefits for injuries he sustained while working for Patterson Construction
on August 11, 2021. Patterson Construction denied his claim, contending Mr. Soto was a
subcontractor, not an employee. For the reasons below, the Court holds that Mr. Soto did
not establish he is likely to prove that he was Patterson’s employee and denies his requested
relief at this time.
History of Claim
Mr. Soto claimed that he fell from a ladder and hit his head on August 11, 2021,
while installing seismic framing for Patterson Construction. He suffered significant head
and brain trauma and underwent multiple surgeries, with prolonged hospitalization and
extensive speech and occupational therapies. The Court saw that Mr. Soto had trouble
recalling specific details concerning his accident and his relationship with Patterson
Construction. 1 However, with help from counsel, he testified as follows.
Denny Patterson met with Mr. Soto in early August and hired him to perform
1
Mr. Soto’s attorney advised that the head trauma caused aphasia that hinders his ability to understand and
communicate.
1
seismic framing on a construction project at a rate of $10.00 per hour. 2 He stated that Mr.
Patterson never asked him for proof of workers’ compensation insurance. Mr. Soto testified
that Patterson Construction supplied most of the tools, equipment, and materials to do the
job. However, he brought his own helmet, shoes, hammer, measuring tape, and tool belt to
the project.
Mr. Soto recalled Mr. Patterson telling him which work to perform and what time
to begin. However, he later testified that nobody told him what time to get to the job site,
but that everyone showed up at 7 a.m. Mr. Soto testified that “Wynne” worked for Patterson
Construction and brought him materials, told him what time to be at work, recorded his
time, and paid him in cash. 3
Mr. Soto further testified that nobody instructed or trained him on how to do the
work but said that he helped Patterson Construction’s other employees. Mr. Soto never
hired anyone to help him with his job. He stated that Mr. Patterson was on the job site and
could inspect and correct his work.
As for the accident, Mr. Soto recalled that he was on a ladder, installing seismic
framing inside a hot building. He fell as he was coming down the ladder and walked a few
steps, so that someone outside could see him. He has no further memory of that day.
Patterson Construction disagreed with Mr. Soto’s account and denied his claim,
arguing that Mr. Soto was an independent contractor, not an employee.
Denny Patterson, owner of Patterson Construction, explained that he contracted
with L3 Properties to “provide framing labor, nails and screws” for an apartment
construction project. Per his practice, he retained subcontractors for the framing work.
Mr. Patterson testified that Mr. Soto approached him about working on the
construction site in early August. 4 He knew Mr. Soto because they worked together on a
framing project eight or nine years earlier when his father owned Patterson Construction.
Mr. Patterson testified that when his father owned Patterson Construction, he hired
laborers for $10.00 per hour. After his father died, he stopped hiring employees but instead
retained subcontractors for each project. Mr. Patterson said he offered to pay Mr. Soto a
contract price of $416.00 to install seismic framing. He also asked Mr. Soto for proof of
insurance, which Mr. Soto agreed to provide but never did.
Mr. Soto appeared at the construction site a few days later with some tools, a hard
hat, and his work shoes. Patterson Construction supplied nails and screws, and L3 provided
2
Mr. Soto’s brief states the agreed hourly rate was $15.00 per hour.
3
Mr. Soto did not mention “Wynne’s” last name.
2
construction materials.
Mr. Patterson testified that Patterson Construction had no employees and operated
exclusively with subcontractors. Mr. Patterson did not provide equipment or benefits. 5 He
was paid by the job and priced the work based on square footage.
Although Mr. Patterson did not supervise Mr. Soto’s work, he did inspect it to
ensure it followed the local building code. Mr. Patterson expected to pay Mr. Soto by check
after he finished the framing.
Mr. Patterson was at the job site when Mr. Soto fell, although he did not see it. He
attended to Mr. Soto and asked L3’s job superintendent to call 9-1-1. An ambulance took
Mr. Soto to the hospital.
Since Mr. Soto could not complete the job, Patterson Construction did not pay him.
Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law
At this hearing, Mr. Soto must present sufficient evidence from which this Court
can determine that he is likely to prevail at a hearing on the merits that he is an employee,
rather than an independent contractor. See McCord v. Advantage Human Resourcing, 2015
TN Wrk. Comp. App. Bd. LEXIS 6, at *9 (Mar. 27, 2015).
To recover workers’ compensation benefits, the claimant must be an employee and
not an independent contractor. Bargery v. Obion Grain Co., 785 S.W.2d 118, 121 (Tenn.
1990). The Court must consider the following factors when making this determination:
(i) The right to control the conduct of the work;
(ii) The right of termination;
(iii) The method of payment;
(iv) The freedom to select and hire helpers;
(v) The furnishing of tools and equipment;
(vi) Self-scheduling of working hours; and
(vii) The freedom to offer services to other entities[.]
Tenn. Code Ann. § 50-6-102(12)(D)(i) (2021). No single factor is conclusive. Smiley v.
Four Seasons Coach Leasing, Inc., 2016 TN Wrk. Comp. App. Bd. LEXIS 28, at *10-11
(July 15, 2016).
The Tennessee Supreme Court explained that an independent contractor is “one who
5
Mr. Patterson knew Wynne Hendrix, who did not work for him but for L3 and brought materials on a
forklift when needed.
3
undertakes to produce a given result without being in any way controlled as to the methods
by which he attains that result.” Galloway v. Memphis Drum Serv., 822 S.W.2d 584, 587
(Tenn. 1991). Here, Mr. Patterson told Mr. Soto where to install the seismic framing, but
Mr. Soto controlled the work. He did not train Mr. Soto to install the framing. Rather, Mr.
Soto learned on his own from other workers at the job site. He did not supervise the work
but only inspected it to ensure it met building codes. Thus, the Court finds that the right to
control the conduct of work favors a finding that Mr. Soto was an independent contractor.
As for the right to terminate subcontractors like Mr. Soto, Mr. Patterson felt he could
do so but only for good reason, such as non-compliance with building codes. However, he
testified that he would first give the subcontractor notice and ask him to correct the
problem. Thus, the Court finds this factor is neutral in this analysis.
The method of payment supports an independent contractor relationship because
Mr. Patterson offered to pay Mr. Soto by the square foot after he completed the job. Mr.
Patterson did not track Mr. Soto’s hours and would have paid $416.00 regardless of how
long the project took him. Since Mr. Soto did not complete the job or provide proof of
insurance or a tax identification number, he did not pay Mr. Soto.
Mr. Patterson testified that Mr. Soto could have hired and paid helpers for the
framing project. He also testified that Patterson Construction only provided nails and
screws. All other equipment and tools came from Mr. Soto, L3, or other subcontractors.
These factors all suggest that Mr. Soto was an independent contractor.
Regarding scheduling, Mr. Soto first testified that Wynne set the time to work. He
then said nobody told him what time to be on the job site, but that everyone arrived at 7
a.m. Mr. Patterson testified that Wynn worked for L3 and not Patterson Construction. He
said he never told Mr. Soto when to be on the job and never kept time records. This factor
also supports an independent contractor relationship.
Finally, Mr. Soto testified that, while he only worked for Mr. Patterson, he could
not say whether Mr. Patterson forbid him from offering his services to others. On the other
hand, Mr. Patterson confidently testified that Mr. Soto could work for others. The Court
finds the evidence on this issue weighs in favor of an independent contractor relationship.
Considering all factors used to determine whether a worker is an employee or an
independent contractor, the Court holds that Mr. Soto has not presented sufficient evidence
from which this Court could conclude that he is likely to prevail in establishing he was an
employee of Patterson Construction.
IT IS, THEREFORE, ORDERED as follows:
1. Victor Soto’s requested relief is denied at this time.
4
2. The Court sets a Scheduling Hearing on September 12, 2022, at 9:00 a.m. central
time. The parties must call 866-943-0014 to participate.
ENTERED on July 8, 2022.
_____________________________________
JUDGE DEANA C. SEYMOUR
Court of Workers’ Compensation Claims
APPENDIX
Technical Record
1. Petition for Benefit Determination
2. Dispute Certification Notice
3. Hearing Request, along with Rule 72 Declaration of Victor Soto
4. Defendants’ Expedited Hearing Brief, List of Witnesses and Exhibits
5. Employee’s Response to Employer’s Brief
Exhibits
1. Defendant’s Answers to Plaintiff’s Interrogatories
2. Deposition Transcript of Denny Patterson, Jr.
3. Deposition Transcript of Victor Soto
4. Deposition Transcript of Lucero Soto
5. Plaintiff’s Responses to Defendant’s First Set of Interrogatories
6. Plaintiff’s Responses to Defendant’s First Request for Production of Documents
7. Plaintiff’s Responses to Defendant’s First Set of Requests for Admission
8. Certificates of insurance for other sub-contractors (Collective)
5
CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE
I certify that a copy of this order was sent as indicated on July 8, 2022.
Name Certified U.S. Via Service sent to:
Mail Mail Email
William B. Ryan and X billy@donatilaw.com
Bryce Ashby, bryce@donatilaw.com
Claimant’s Attorneys
Emily Faulkner, X emily.faulkner@mgclaw.com
Respondent’s Attorney
_____________________________________
Penny Shrum, Court Clerk
Court of Workers’ Compensation Claims
WC.CourtClerk@tn.gov
6
Expedited Hearing Order Right to Appeal:
If you disagree with this Expedited Hearing Order, you may appeal to the Workers’
Compensation Appeals Board. To appeal an expedited hearing order, you must:
1. Complete the enclosed form entitled: “Notice of Appeal,” and file the form with the
Clerk of the Court of Workers’ Compensation Claims within seven business days of the
date the expedited hearing order was filed. When filing the Notice of Appeal, you must
serve a copy upon all parties.
2. You must pay, via check, money order, or credit card, a $75.00 filing fee within ten
calendar days after filing of the Notice of Appeal. Payments can be made in-person at
any Bureau office or by U.S. mail, hand-delivery, or other delivery service. In the
alternative, you may file an Affidavit of Indigency (form available on the Bureau’s
website or any Bureau office) seeking a waiver of the fee. You must file the fully-
completed Affidavit of Indigency within ten calendar days of filing the Notice of
Appeal. Failure to timely pay the filing fee or file the Affidavit of Indigency will
result in dismissal of the appeal.
3. You bear the responsibility of ensuring a complete record on appeal. You may request
from the court clerk the audio recording of the hearing for a $25.00 fee. If a transcript of
the proceedings is to be filed, a licensed court reporter must prepare the transcript and file
it with the court clerk within ten business days of the filing the Notice of
Appeal. Alternatively, you may file a statement of the evidence prepared jointly by both
parties within ten business days of the filing of the Notice of Appeal. The statement of
the evidence must convey a complete and accurate account of the hearing. The Workers’
Compensation Judge must approve the statement before the record is submitted to the
Appeals Board. If the Appeals Board is called upon to review testimony or other proof
concerning factual matters, the absence of a transcript or statement of the evidence can be
a significant obstacle to meaningful appellate review.
4. If you wish to file a position statement, you must file it with the court clerk within ten
business days after the deadline to file a transcript or statement of the evidence. The
party opposing the appeal may file a response with the court clerk within ten business
days after you file your position statement. All position statements should include: (1) a
statement summarizing the facts of the case from the evidence admitted during the
expedited hearing; (2) a statement summarizing the disposition of the case as a result of
the expedited hearing; (3) a statement of the issue(s) presented for review; and (4) an
argument, citing appropriate statutes, case law, or other authority.
For self-represented litigants: Help from an Ombudsman is available at 800-332-2667.
NOTICE OF APPEAL
Tennessee Bureau of Workers’ Compensation
www.tn.gov/workforce/injuries-at-work/
wc.courtclerk@tn.gov | 1-800-332-2667
Docket No.: ________________________
State File No.: ______________________
Date of Injury: _____________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Employee
v.
___________________________________________________________________________
Employer
Notice is given that ____________________________________________________________________
[List name(s) of all appealing party(ies). Use separate sheet if necessary.]
appeals the following order(s) of the Tennessee Court of Workers’ Compensation Claims to the
Workers’ Compensation Appeals Board (check one or more applicable boxes and include the date file-
stamped on the first page of the order(s) being appealed):
□ Expedited Hearing Order filed on _______________ □ Motion Order filed on ___________________
□ Compensation Order filed on__________________ □ Other Order filed on_____________________
issued by Judge _________________________________________________________________________.
Statement of the Issues on Appeal
Provide a short and plain statement of the issues on appeal or basis for relief on appeal:
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
Parties
Appellant(s) (Requesting Party): _________________________________________ ☐Employer ☐Employee
Address: ________________________________________________________ Phone: ___________________
Email: __________________________________________________________
Attorney’s Name: ______________________________________________ BPR#: _______________________
Attorney’s Email: ______________________________________________ Phone: _______________________
Attorney’s Address: _________________________________________________________________________
* Attach an additional sheet for each additional Appellant *
LB-1099 rev. 01/20 Page 1 of 2 RDA 11082
Employee Name: _______________________________________ Docket No.: _____________________ Date of Inj.: _______________
Appellee(s) (Opposing Party): ___________________________________________ ☐Employer ☐Employee
Appellee’s Address: ______________________________________________ Phone: ____________________
Email: _________________________________________________________
Attorney’s Name: _____________________________________________ BPR#: ________________________
Attorney’s Email: _____________________________________________ Phone: _______________________
Attorney’s Address: _________________________________________________________________________
* Attach an additional sheet for each additional Appellee *
CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE
I, _____________________________________________________________, certify that I have forwarded a
true and exact copy of this Notice of Appeal by First Class mail, postage prepaid, or in any manner as described
in Tennessee Compilation Rules & Regulations, Chapter 0800-02-21, to all parties and/or their attorneys in this
case on this the __________ day of ___________________________________, 20 ____.
______________________________________________
[Signature of appellant or attorney for appellant]
LB-1099 rev. 01/20 Page 2 of 2 RDA 11082