The opinion
FILED
Nov 10, 2020
02:15 PM(CT)
TENNESSEE
WORKERS' COMPENSATION
APPEALS BOARD
TENNESSEE BUREAU OF WORKERS’ COMPENSATION
WORKERS’ COMPENSATION APPEALS BOARD
Anthony Hayes ) Docket No. 2018-08-1204
)
v. ) State File No. 56539-2018
)
Elmington Property Management, et al. )
)
)
Appeal from the Court of Workers’ )
Compensation Claims )
Deana C. Seymour, Judge )
Affirmed and Remanded
This interlocutory appeal follows the trial court’s grant of the employer’s motion for
partial summary judgment in which the employer asserted the employee was unable to
establish that his alleged neck and back injuries arose primarily out of and in the course
and scope of his employment. In support of its position, the employer relied on the
opinion of the authorized physician who had evaluated the employee’s neck and back
complaints and who had opined that those complaints were not more than fifty percent
causally related to the employment. The employee did not file a response to the
employer’s motion for partial summary judgment. The trial court concluded the
employer had shown that the employee’s proof was insufficient to establish an essential
element of his claim. The employee has appealed. We affirm the trial court’s order
granting the employer’s motion for partial summary judgment, deem the appeal to be
frivolous, exercise our discretion not to award attorneys’ fees and expenses, and remand
the case.
Judge David F. Hensley delivered the opinion of the Appeals Board in which Presiding
Judge Timothy W. Conner and Judge Pele I. Godkin joined.
Anthony Hayes, Memphis, Tennessee, employee-appellant, pro se
Stephen P. Miller, Memphis, Tennessee, for the employer-appellee, Elmington Property
Management
1
Memorandum Opinion 1
There have been multiple interlocutory appeals in this case. The current appeal
was filed by Anthony Hayes (“Employee”) following the trial court’s grant of Elmington
Property Management’s (“Employer’s”) motion for partial summary judgment. While a
recitation of the entire history of the litigation is not necessary to address the current
appeal, we have set out portions of the factual and procedural background for context.
Employee was working in the course and scope of his employment with Employer
in July 2018 when he fell, allegedly injuring his left knee, left arm, right hand, and head.
His claim for workers’ compensation benefits was accepted as compensable, and he
began treating with Dr. David Deneka, an orthopedic specialist. In September 2018, Dr.
Deneka reported that Employee had reached maximum medical improvement for his
work-related injuries and would retain no permanent medical impairment associated with
his injuries.
Thereafter, Employee complained that he had not received medical treatment for
neck and back symptoms he asserted were related to his fall at work. He filed a petition
seeking additional medical benefits, and, because he had been terminated from his
employment, he also sought temporary disability benefits. Following an expedited
hearing, the trial court concluded Employee had offered credible testimony regarding his
need for additional medical treatment for injuries related to his fall but did not present
sufficient evidence of his entitlement to temporary disability benefits. The court ordered
Employer to schedule an appointment with Dr. Deneka but denied Employee’s request
for temporary disability benefits. Employee appealed the trial court’s denial of his
request for temporary disability benefits, and we affirmed the trial court’s order and
remanded the case. See Hayes v. Elmington Prop. Mgmt., No. 2018-08-1204, 2019 TN
Wrk. Comp. App. Bd. LEXIS 49, at *1-2 (Tenn. Workers’ Comp. App. Bd. Sept. 3,
2019).
Employee subsequently returned to Dr. Deneka, who indicated he was unable to
address Employee’s neck and back complaints because he does not treat those body parts
in his medical practice. As a result, Employer provided a panel of physicians from which
Employee selected Dr. Mark Harriman, a physician at OrthoSouth.
Employee was seen by Dr. Harriman on October 8, 2019. The report of that visit
reflects the appointment was for an independent medical evaluation at the request of
Employer’s counsel rather than for treatment. It also reflects that Dr. Harriman obtained
a history from Employee, examined him, and reviewed numerous medical records. The
1
“The Appeals Board may, in an effort to secure a just and speedy determination of matters on appeal and
with the concurrence of all judges, decide an appeal by an abbreviated order or by memorandum opinion,
whichever the Appeals Board deems appropriate, in cases that are not legally and/or factually novel or
complex.” Tenn. Comp. R. & Regs. 0800-02-22-.03(1) (2020).
2
report noted Employee had a history of “a back injury from a motor vehicle accident
years ago” and indicated Employee’s story regarding the neck and back complaints he
related to his employment “had changed considerably.” It stated Employee “said that his
initial neck and back problems were very minor, and he did not think anything of them
until they started bothering him when Dr. Deneka returned him back to work.” Further,
Dr. Harriman’s report stated that he “asked [Employee] again specifically when he had
started having neck and back problems,” and that Employee “went on to tell him that he
had a second fall, unrelated to his on the job injury, in September 2018 going home from
a store,” and that “things got worse then and he sought care for his neck and back through
the [Veterans Administration].” Two days after Employee’s evaluation by Dr. Harriman,
the doctor signed an amendment to his report stating, “[s]pecifically, I can state with
greater than 50% assurance that [Employee’s] complaints of lumbar and cervical neck
pain are not related to his on-the-job injury of July 27, 2018.”
On October 25, 2019, Employee filed a Motion to Compel and for Sanctions in
which he asserted Dr. Harriman would not treat him and told him the October 8 visit was
for an evaluation only. On November 4, 2019, the trial court granted Employee’s motion,
finding that Employer was obligated to provide Employee with a panel of physicians for
treatment of Employee’s back and neck complaints. The order noted that Employee had
returned to Dr. Deneka, who “does not treat neck and back issues” and that Employee
was later evaluated by Dr. Harriman who concluded that Employee’s “neck and back
complaints were less than fifty percent related to the work injury.” However, the court
determined that Employer “should have provided [Employee] a panel from which he
could select a physician to address his head and neck complaints rather than providing
only an independent medical examiner.” The court ordered Employer to provide a panel
of physicians to “evaluate [Employee’s] head and neck conditions” within ten days,
adding that Employer’s failure to do so would “result in referral to the Compliance
Program for investigation and possible assessment of penalties.”
Three days later, Employer filed a motion requesting the court to reconsider its
November 4, 2019 order. Employer supported its motion with a document electronically
signed by Dr. Harriman on November 5, 2019, which stated that “[t]he report on
[Employee] was improperly titled as an Independent Medical Evaluation,” and that “[i]n
fact, the report should have been titled as a medical opinion with option to treat should
treatment be required and related to the alleged work incident.”
On November 20, 2019, the trial court granted Employer’s motion to reconsider,
concluding that Employer had satisfied its obligation to provide Employee “with a proper
panel under Tennessee Code Annotated section 50-6-204 and is not required to provide
him with another panel.” On December 4, 2019, Employee filed an untimely notice of
appeal of the court’s November 20 order. As a result, we dismissed the appeal on
December 5, 2019, and remanded the case. On December 6, 2019, Employee filed a
“Demand for Reconsideration of Appeal,” citing the Tennessee Rules of Appellate
3
Procedure and the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure, neither of which apply to us.
We treated Employee’s filing as a motion to reconsider the dismissal of the appeal, which
we denied by order filed on December 9, 2019.
A scheduling order was subsequently filed in the trial court on January 14, 2020,
setting forth dates for discovery and other procedural matters, including a June 17, 2020
trial date. On January 22, 2020, Employee filed numerous documents in the trial court
that included a Sworn Complaint for Shelby County Government, which identified nine
separate individuals, offices, or other entities alleged to be “violators,” including the trial
judge. Several documents were filed as “Exhibits” to the Sworn Complaint, including
Employee’s “Request for Recusal of [the Trial Judge] & Ethical Complaint,” which was
addressed to the Chief Judge of the Court of Workers’ Compensation Claims and to the
Tennessee Attorney General. The “Exhibits” also included a “Complaint Against Judge
Under Code of Judicial Conduct” that was purportedly filed with the Tennessee Board of
Judicial Conduct. Among other numerous allegations in these documents, Employee
alleged that the trial judge conspired with other members of the Bureau of Workers’
Compensation to prevent him from timely receiving the court’s orders, falsified a court
order, and proceeded with a scheduling hearing over his objection.
The trial court addressed Employee’s motion for recusal in a February 7, 2020
order. The court determined Employee had presented no evidence of prejudice or bias
and that there was no reasonable basis to question the judge’s impartiality. In addition,
the court concluded that Employee had not complied with Tenn. Comp. R. & Regs. 0800-
02-21-.18(3) (2019), which requires an affidavit to be filed with a motion to recuse
setting out the factual and legal grounds supporting the recusal. Based upon Employee’s
failure to present supporting evidence and his failure to file an appropriate affidavit, the
trial court denied his recusal motion.
Employee appealed the trial court’s February 7 order, asserting that the trial judge
cited “wrongful codes [and] laws that [do] not apply to the issues being raised to [enable]
[Employer] to continue to discriminate and wrongfully deny[] claimant benefits.”
Employee asserted, and continues to assert in his voluminous filings, that disqualification
of the trial judge is automatic and that the orders entered by the trial court are invalid. He
cited federal law and the laws of other states to support his contentions but provided no
Tennessee law to support his claims that he was entitled to the automatic recusal or
disqualification of the trial judge. We affirmed the trial judge’s order denying
Employee’s motion to recuse on April 16, 2020. See Hayes v. Elmington Prop. Mgmt.,
No. 2018-08-1204, 2020 TN Wrk. Comp. App. Bd. LEXIS 17 (Tenn. Workers’ Comp.
App. Bd. Apr. 16, 2020).
On April 17, 2020, Employer filed a motion for partial summary judgment that
sought the dismissal of Employee’s claims for neck and back injuries that allegedly
resulted from his July 2018 work injury. On April 29, 2020, Employee filed several
4
documents with the Court of Workers’ Compensation Claims, including a document
purportedly submitted to the Tennessee Supreme Court seeking to appeal our April 16,
2020 decision. On May 8, 2020, Employee filed additional documents with the Court of
Workers’ Compensation Claims, including a document that appears to be intended, in
part, to request a continuance of the hearing on Employer’s motion for partial summary
judgment. The following day, Employee filed more documents in the trial court
addressing his efforts to disqualify the trial judge. On May 13, 2020, he filed additional
documents with the trial court, including a notice from the Tennessee Supreme Court
indicating Employee had filed a “TRAP 3 Notice of Appeal” on April 29, 2020.
On May 19, 2020 the Court of Workers’ Compensation Claims issued an order
acknowledging that Employee had filed a notice of appeal of our April 16 decision with
the Supreme Court. In its order, the trial court stated that “[s]ince [Employee] appealed
the Appeals Board’s April 16, 2020 decision to the Tennessee Supreme Court on April
29, 2020, all hearings . . . are continued until the case is remanded to [the trial court].”
Employer subsequently filed a motion in the Supreme Court requesting that
Employee’s appeal be dismissed. On June 16, 2020, the Supreme Court issued an order
noting that our April 16, 2020 decision was an interlocutory recusal order and, therefore,
not reviewable by the Supreme Court. The Court granted Employer’s motion to dismiss
Employee’s appeal. The following day, Employee filed voluminous documents in the
Court of Workers’ Compensation Claims, some of which were also filed with the
Supreme Court. On July 9, 2020, the Supreme Court issued an order noting its earlier
dismissal of Employee’s appeal in which the Court stated that Employee “subsequently
issued a ‘demand’ for the Court to take judicial notice” of certain matters, which the
Supreme Court refused to do, adding that “no appeal is pending with this Court.” On the
same date the Supreme Court issued its order, Employee filed over 200 pages of
documents with the Court of Workers’ Compensation Claims. Additional documents
were filed the following day, and, on July 15, 2020, Employee filed more documents in
the trial court.
On July 24, 2020, the trial court issued an amended scheduling order in which the
court set various dates for specific procedural matters leading to an October 2020 trial
date. A telephonic hearing on Employer’s motion for partial summary judgment was set
for August 21, 2020. 2 However, due to what the trial court described as Employee’s
“disruptions,” the trial court determined an in-person hearing would be conducted to
address Employer’s motion. The motion for partial summary judgment was reset for
hearing September 2. On August 31, 2020, Employee filed another notice of appeal to
2
Employee attempted to appeal the notice setting Employer’s motion for partial summary judgment for
hearing. However, the notice was not an order of the court but was a docketing notice signed by the clerk
and, therefore, was not appealable to us. See Tenn. Code Ann. § 50-6-217(a)(2) (2019) (only orders
“issued by a workers’ compensation judge” may be appealed to the Appeals Board).
5
us, this time identifying, by date, three separate orders that were being appealed. We
issued an order on September 1, 2020, addressing the documents identified in
Employee’s notice of appeal, and we dismissed the appeal and remanded the case.
Employee did not appear at the September 2 hearing on Employer’s motion for
partial summary judgment, and court personnel were unable to reach him by telephone.
On September 8, 2020, the trial court issued an order granting Employer’s motion for
partial summary judgment, concluding that Employer successfully established that
Employee’s evidence was insufficient to prove an essential element of his claim.
Because Employee did not respond to Employer’s motion for partial summary judgment
as provided in Rule 56.03 of the Tennessee Rules of Civil Procedure and did not appear
at the hearing, the court found Employee had not presented any evidence to refute
Employer’s proof and had not identified a genuine issue of material fact. Employee has
appealed the trial court’s grant of a partial summary judgment dismissing his claims for
neck and back injuries that allegedly resulted from the July 2018 work injury.
In the present notice of appeal, Employee asserts the trial judge “has been
disqualified on the records, she violated constitutional due process notice and perpetrated
a fraud by going against her own [s]cheduling order to render this bogus decision that
was already on appeal to the Supreme Court.” Further, Employee’s notice of appeal
asserts there was “[f]raud upon the Courts enacted by the Court.” However, Employee
failed to identify any appealable issue, failed to identify any legal errors allegedly made
by the trial court, and failed to provide any explanation of how the court erred by
conducting the motion hearing. Moreover, Employee has not asserted that he did not
receive notice of the September 2 hearing or that he was denied an opportunity to
participate in the hearing.
We note also that Employee did not timely file a brief in support of his appeal.
See Tenn. Comp. R. & Regs. 0800-02-22-.05(2) (2020). Employee’s brief was due on or
before October 6, 2020. 3 Instead, he has filed multiple documents airing various
grievances with the manner in which the Bureau of Workers’ Compensation conducts its
business, citing to a variety of other state and federal laws to support his claims of unfair
3
Employee filed a request for an extension of time on the basis that the Appeals Board had not provided a
briefing schedule. However, as noted in the order denying the request for an extension of time, the
Appeals Board does not determine a briefing schedule in individual cases. Rather, briefs are due as set
out in Tennessee Code Annotated section 50-6-217(a)(2) (2019) and Tenn. Comp. R. & Regs. 0800-02-
22-.05(2) (2020). On November 6, 2020, Employee filed a “Remonstrance for Reconsideration” of our
order denying his request for an extension of time. After due consideration, Employee’s request that we
reconsider our order denying his request for an extension of time is denied. On November 9, 2020,
Employee filed a motion requesting oral argument, which we also deny.
6
treatment. 4 However, none of these documents are identified as a brief and none cite
applicable Tennessee law in support of Employee’s appeal. “It is not the role of the
courts, trial or appellate, to research or construct a litigant’s case or arguments for him or
her.” Sneed v. Bd. of Prof’l Responsibility of the Sup. Ct. of Tenn., 301 S.W.3d 603, 615
(Tenn. 2010).
Finally, we find Employee’s appeal to be frivolous. “A frivolous appeal is one
that . . . had no reasonable chance of succeeding,” Adkins v. Studsvik, Inc., No. E2014-
00444-SC-R3-WC, 2015 Tenn. LEXIS 588, at *30 (Tenn. Workers’ Comp. Panel July
21, 2015), or one that is devoid of merit or brought solely for delay, Yarbrough v.
Protective Servs. Co., Inc., No. 2015-08-0574, 2016 TN Wrk. Comp. App. Bd. LEXIS 3,
at *11 (Tenn. Workers’ Comp. App. Bd. Jan. 25, 2016). “[P]arties should not be required
to endure the hassle and expense of baseless litigation. Nor should appellate courts be
required to waste time and resources on appeals that have no realistic chance of success.”
Id. at *10-11; see also Burnette v. WestRock, No. 2016-01-0670, 2017 TN Wrk. Comp.
App. Bd. LEXIS 66, at *18 (Tenn. Workers’ Comp. App. Bd. Oct. 31, 2017). However,
once again we exercise our discretion not to award attorneys’ fees or other expenses for
Employee’s frivolous appeal. See Tenn. Comp. R. & Regs. 0800-02-22-.09(4) (2020).
The decision of the trial court is affirmed, and the case is remanded. Costs on
appeal have been waived.
4
As an example, Employee cites the “full faith and credit clause of the United States Constitution” in
support of his contention that we are obligated to abide by California law governing the removal of
administrative judges.
7
TENNESSEE BUREAU OF WORKERS’ COMPENSATION
WORKERS’ COMPENSATION APPEALS BOARD
Anthony Hayes ) Docket No. 2018-08-1204
)
v. ) State File No. 56539-2018
)
Elmington Property Management, et al. )
)
)
Appeal from the Court of Workers’ )
Compensation Claims )
Deana C. Seymour, Judge )
CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE
I hereby certify that a true and correct copy of the Appeals Board’s decision in the referenced
case was sent to the following recipients by the following methods of service on this the 10th day
of November, 2020.
Name Certified First Class Via Via Sent to:
Mail Mail Fax Email
Anthony Hayes X X 555 South 3rd Street
Memphis, TN 38101
555 B.B. King Blvd.
Memphis, TN 38101
ah.hayes1@gmail.com
Stephen Miller X smiller@mckuhn.com
mdoherty@mckuhn.com
Deana C. Seymour, Judge X Via Electronic Mail
Kenneth M. Switzer, Chief Judge X Via Electronic Mail
Penny Shrum, Clerk, Court of X penny.patterson-shrum@tn.gov
Workers’ Compensation Claims
Olivia Yearwood
Clerk, Workers’ Compensation Appeals Board
220 French Landing Dr., Ste. 1-B
Nashville, TN 37243
Telephone: 615-253-1606
Electronic Mail: WCAppeals.Clerk@tn.gov