The opinion
IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TENNESSEE
AT JACKSON
Assigned on Briefs at Knoxville August 16, 2016
RICHARD EARL MADKINS, JR. v. STATE OF TENNESSEE and GRADY
PERRY, WARDEN
Appeal from the Circuit Court for Hardeman County
No. 15-CR-165 Joseph Walker, Judge
No. W2015-02238-CCA-R3-HC - Filed October 28, 2016
The Petitioner, Richard Earl Madkins, Jr., filed a petition in the Hardeman County Circuit
Court seeking habeas corpus relief from his especially aggravated robbery conviction and
resulting twenty-five-year sentence, alleging that his sentence had expired and that he
was being imprisoned for a conviction that was overturned by our supreme court. The
habeas corpus court denied relief without a hearing, and the Petitioner appeals. Upon
review, we affirm the judgment of the habeas corpus court.
Tenn. R. App. P. 3 Appeal as of Right; Judgment of the Circuit Court is Affirmed.
NORMA MCGEE OGLE, J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which JAMES CURWOOD
WITT, JR., and D. KELLY THOMAS, JR., JJ., joined.
Richard Earl Madkins, Jr., Pro se.
Herbert H. Slatery III, Attorney General and Reporter; Zachary T. Hinkle, Assistant
Attorney General; and D. Michael Dunavant, District Attorney General, for the appellee,
State of Tennessee.
OPINION
I. Factual Background
This case has a convoluted history that was set out in a previous opinion filed by
this court as follows:
On May 23, 1985, in case number 84-04503, the petitioner
was convicted of assault with intent to commit robbery by use
of a deadly weapon and was sentenced to eighteen years in
the Department of Correction. He was released on supervised
parole on January 10, 1991 and, while on such, committed
offenses which resulted in especially aggravated robbery and
attempted felony murder convictions on October 5, 1994. He
was sentenced to consecutive terms of sixty years for each
offense. On appeal to the Tennessee Supreme Court, the
court affirmed the petitioner‟s conviction for especially
aggravated robbery but reversed his conviction for attempted
felony murder, holding that the offense of attempted felony
murder did not exist in Tennessee. See State v. Madkins, 989
S.W.2d 697, 699 (Tenn. 1999). The matter was remanded for
trial on the charge of attempted second degree murder, if the
State so elected to proceed. See Richard Madkins v. State,
No. W2003-02937-CCA-R3-PC, 2004 WL 2290498, at * 1
(Tenn. Crim. App. Oct. 8, 2004).
On January 4, 2002, the petitioner filed a petition for
writ of habeas corpus in the Davidson County Criminal Court
challenging the legality of some of his 1984 and 1985
convictions that were used to enhance his 1994 especially
aggravated robbery sentence. On April 24, 2002, the
Davidson County Criminal Court granted habeas relief,
finding the sentences in case numbers 84-04938, 84-04939,
85-00678, 85-00679, 85-00680, and 85-00681 were void and
remanding the case to the Shelby County Criminal Court for
further action. On May 14, 2002, the petitioner filed a
petition for post-conviction relief, challenging his 1994
sentence for especially aggravated robbery in light of the
Davidson County Criminal Court‟s having found that six of
the prior convictions used to enhance that sentence were void.
The State agreed, and, on September 17 or 19, 2002, the
Shelby County Criminal Court granted post-conviction relief
as to the petitioner‟s sentence only, and the matter was
remanded to the trial court for resentencing.
On December 12, 2002, the petitioner filed an
“amendment” to his original [post-conviction] petition,
objecting to the September 17 or 19 order for resentencing
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because the “punishment [was] not known to or contemplated
by convicting jurors [and would] constitut[e] prejudice to
[the] judicial process [.]” He filed a second “amendment” on
January 24, 2003, alleging he received the ineffective
assistance of counsel. On February 21, 2003, the post-
conviction court dismissed the amendments, finding that the
trial court no longer had jurisdiction over any amendments as
relief had been granted on September 19, 2002, and that any
additional claims were barred by the statute of limitations.
On November 4, 2003, the trial court resentenced the
petitioner to twenty-five years on the especially aggravated
robbery conviction, acting under the authority of the
September 17 or 19 grant of post-conviction relief. He was
given pretrial jail credit from September 27, 1993. The
petitioner appealed the resentencing judgment, and this court
held that the petitioner failed to establish that he was entitled
to relief.
On February 25, 2005, the petitioner filed another
petition for writ of habeas corpus and demanded release from
custody. In that petition, he claimed that the fourteen-month
period between the September 2002 order regarding his sixty-
year sentence and the actual resentencing on November 4,
2003, stripped the court of jurisdiction to sentence him,
rendering the twenty-five-year sentence void. On appeal
from the habeas court‟s dismissal of his petition, this court
concluded that “[t]he petitioner‟s personal beliefs
notwithstanding, the law does not entitle him to immediate
release or further habeas corpus relief.” Richard Madkins v.
State of Tennessee and Ricky Bell, Warden, No. M2005-
02873-CCA-R3-HC, 2007 WL 595711, *3 (Tenn. Crim. App.
Feb. 26, 2007), perm. to appeal denied (Tenn. June 18, 2007).
Evidently, the petitioner was informed in late 2010 and
early 2011 that he was serving an effective sentence of forty-
three years: eighteen years in the assault with intent to
commit robbery by use of a deadly weapon case and twenty-
five years in the especially aggravated robbery case, which
were to be served consecutively. He was informed that his
sentences were set to expire on November 8, 2023.
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The petitioner filed the instant petition for habeas
corpus relief on February 17, 2011. The habeas court
summarily dismissed the petition on February 18, 2011,
finding that the petitioner failed to prove that his sentence had
expired and that the trial court had authority and jurisdiction
to sentence him to the sentence he received. The petitioner
appealed.
....
As we understand his argument in this appeal, the
petitioner asserts that his eighteen-year sentence expired on
June 8, 2000 and, because he was not resentenced until
November 4, 2003, he should have been released from
custody and his twenty-five-year sentence is void.
A panel of this court, on a previous habeas petition by
the petitioner, already determined that the trial court had
jurisdiction to resentence the petitioner to twenty-five years in
the especially aggravated robbery case and that the sentence
was not void. Madkins, 2004 WL 2290498, at *2. Candace
Whisman of the Tennessee Department of Correction
provided a detailed affidavit concerning the calculation and
expiration of the petitioner‟s sentences, showing the
expiration of the effective forty-three-year sentence being
November 8, 2023. Even though the eighteen-year portion of
the petitioner‟s sentence expired June 8, 2000, the sentence in
the especially aggravated robbery case was to begin at the
expiration of the previous case and be served consecutively to
it. The petitioner has failed to establish either a void
judgment or an illegal confinement by a preponderance of the
evidence.
Richard Madkins v. Steward, No. W2011-00663-CCA-R3-HC, 2011 WL 6000262, at *1-
3 (Tenn. Crim. App. at Jackson, Nov. 30, 2011).
On October 2, 2015, the Petitioner filed a fourth petition for habeas corpus relief,
which is the subject of this appeal. In the petition, the Petitioner alleged that on
September 24, 2014, he appeared before a “special reclass board” and was advised that
his twenty-five-year sentence for especially aggravated robbery had expired with “good
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time” credits and that he was to begin serving his sixty-year sentence for attempted
felony murder. He alleged that when he told the board that our supreme court had
reversed his sixty-year sentence, “the board members told him that they were doing their
job and they [were] going to reclass him to start his time on the 60 years sentence.” In
support of his claim, the Petitioner attached two forms from the Tennessee Department of
Correction (TDOC) to his petition. The first form was titled “OFFENDER
CLASSIFICATION SUMMARY” and was dated September 24, 2014. On the form,
someone wrote, “Exp: 2/23/58.” The second form was titled “CLASSIFICATION
CUSTODY ASSESSMENT FORM” and was dated September 1, 2014. On the form,
someone wrote “Att 1st degree murder Shelby 1994” as the current offense for which
Petitioner was in confinement. The Petitioner also attached a notarized “eTomis”
printout stating that “RICHARD EARL MADKINS JR. IS CURRENTLY HELD IN
CUSTODY AT HARDEMAN COUNTY CORRECTIONAL FACILITY SERVING A
60 YEARS SENTENCE FOR THE OFFENSE OF FELONY MURDER SET TO
EXPIRE 11/21/2057” and Candace Whisman‟s affidavit from his 2011 habeas corpus
case.
On October 13, 2015, the habeas corpus court dismissed the petition without a
hearing, noting that the Petitioner previously was informed that his sentences were set to
expire on November 8, 2023. The court concluded that the Petitioner‟s twenty-five-year
sentence had not expired and dismissed the petition without a hearing.
II. Analysis
On appeal, the Petitioner maintains that he is being unlawfully held in custody for
the attempted felony murder conviction and resulting sixty-year sentence that were
reversed by our supreme court. He argues that Candace Whisman fraudulently
miscalculated the expiration date of his effective forty-three-year sentence, which he
continues to claim is illegal, and that the eTomis report shows he is currently serving the
sixty-year sentence for attempted felony murder. The State argues that the Petitioner has
not established that he is serving the vacated sixty-year sentence. We agree with the
State.
The determination of whether to grant habeas corpus relief is a question of law.
Summers v. State, 212 S.W.3d 251, 255 (Tenn. 2007). As such, we will review the trial
court‟s findings de novo without a presumption of correctness. Id. Moreover, it is the
petitioner‟s burden to demonstrate, by a preponderance of the evidence, “that the
sentence is void or that the confinement is illegal.” Wyatt v. State, 24 S.W.3d 319, 322
(Tenn. 2000).
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Article I, section 15 of the Tennessee Constitution guarantees an accused the right
to seek habeas corpus relief. See Taylor v. State, 995 S.W.2d 78, 83 (Tenn. 1999).
However, “[s]uch relief is available only when it appears from the face of the judgment
or the record of the proceedings that a trial court was without jurisdiction to sentence a
defendant or that a defendant‟s sentence of imprisonment or other restraint has expired.”
Wyatt, 24 S.W.3d at 322; see also Tenn. Code Ann. § 29-21-101. In other words, habeas
corpus relief may be sought only when the judgment is void, not merely voidable.
Taylor, 995 S.W.2d at 83. “A void judgment „is one in which the judgment is facially
invalid because the court lacked jurisdiction or authority to render the judgment or
because the defendant‟s sentence has expired.‟ We have recognized that a sentence
imposed in direct contravention of a statute, for example, is void and illegal.” Stephenson
v. Carlton, 28 S.W.3d 910, 911 (Tenn. 2000) (quoting Taylor, 995 S.W.2d at 83).
As noted by this court in the Petitioner‟s 2011 habeas corpus case, Candace
Whisman‟s detailed affidavit shows that his twenty-five-year sentence for especially
aggravated robbery is set to expire in November 2023. Although TDOC forms and an
eTomis printout suggest that he is serving his vacated sixty-year sentence and that the
sentence will expire in 2058, nothing indicates that his twenty-five-year sentence has
expired.1 As noted by the State, “[a]n inmate dissatisfied with TDOC‟s calculation of a
release eligibility date may challenge the calculation, but the challenge must comply with
the procedures of the [Uniform Administrative Procedures Act].” Stewart v. Schofield,
368 S.W.3d 457, 464 (Tenn. 2012). Moreover, “any disagreement between the
information contained in the Petitioner‟s TOMIS report and the amended judgment must
be resolved via the Uniform Administrative Procedures Act.” Christopher Scott
Chapman v. Steward, No. W2013-02361-CCA-R3-HC, 2014 WL 3744398, at *2 (Tenn.
Crim. App. at Jackson, July 29, 2014). Thus, we conclude that the habeas corpus court
properly dismissed the petition.
III. Conclusion
Based upon the record and the parties‟ briefs, we affirm the judgment of the
habeas corpus court.
_________________________________
NORMA MCGEE OGLE, JUDGE
1
We note that according to the TDOC website, the Petitioner‟s current sentence will end in
October 2022, not 2058.
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