Florencio Cuetara v. DSCH Capital Partners, LLC, D/B/A Far West Capital

TEXAS COURT OF APPEALS, THIRD DISTRICT, AT AUSTIN

NO. 03-16-00078-CV

Florencio Cuetara, Appellant

v.

DSCH Capital Partners, LLC, d/b/a Far West Capital, Appellee

FROM THE DISTRICT COURT OF TRAVIS COUNTY, 53RD JUDICIAL DISTRICT

NO. D-1-GN-15-000670, HONORABLE AMY CLARK MEACHUM, JUDGE PRESIDING

MEMORANDUM OPINION

A default judgment was taken against appellant Florencio Cuetara in an action to

recover under a guarantee of a commercial obligation. In this restricted appeal, Cuetara contends

that the default judgment is void for lack of personal jurisdiction over Cuetara due to defective

service of process. We will affirm the judgment.

BACKGROUND

Appellee DSCH Capital Partners, LLC, d/b/a Far West Capital (DSCH) filed a

lawsuit to recover under a guarantee of a commercial obligation, naming Cuetara and Cuetara

Holdings, Inc.,1 as defendants. DSCH made several attempts to serve Cuetara personally at his usual

place of business, 15251 Barranca Parkway, Irvine, California 92618, but each time the receptionist

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Cuetara does not contest the validity of service of process and default judgment with

respect to Cuetara Holdings, Inc.

told the process server that Cuetara was not in and that she did not know his schedule, or refused to

give information on whether Cuetara was in the office.

Upon DSCH’s application for substituted service upon Cuetara, the trial court issued

an order directing substituted service “by personally delivering a copy of the citation and original

petition to Florencio Cuetara’s usual place of business, 15251 Barranca Parkway, Irvine, California

92618, and leaving such process with the receptionist or such other person over the age of sixteen

at the front office at such address.” The return of service shows substituted service was effected by:

delivering a true copy of the Citation and Original Petition; Order Authorizing

Substituted Service with the date of service endorsed thereon by me, to: John Doe

as Manager, a person employed therein and authorized to accept service for

Florencio Cuetara at the address of: 15251 Barranca Parkway, Irvine, CA 92618,

the within named person’s usual place of Work, in compliance with State Statutes.

Additional Information pertaining to this Service:

4/21/2015 9:55 am Documents served upon a manager who refused to provide his

name. He did confirm that Mr. Cuetara was in the office but would not be willing

to accept the documents personally. BMW, CA plate 6ZVB897 parked in the lot that

is believed to be the Mr. Cuetara’s vehicle.

Description of Person Served: Age: 35, Sex: M, Race/Skin Color: Hispanic, Height:

5'10", Weight: 175, Hair: Black, Glasses: -

After Cuetara failed to timely file an answer, DSCH obtained a default judgment

against him. Cuetara filed notice of restricted appeal contending that the default judgment against

him should be voided because the service of process was defective. Cuetara argues that the service

of process was not in strict compliance with the court’s order authorizing substituted service upon

Cuetara because the affidavit of service did not explicitly state that the petition was served “at the

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front office” of Cuetara’s usual place of business and did not state how “John Doe” was authorized

to receive service.

DISCUSSION

To succeed on a restricted appeal, appellant must show that: (1) the appeal was

brought within six months of the date the judgment is signed by the court; (2) by a party to the

suit; (3) who did not participate in the hearing that resulted in the judgment complained of; and

(4) error must appear on the face of the record. Alexander v. Lynda’s Boutique, 134 S.W.3d 845,

848 (Tex. 2004). The only element at issue in this restricted appeal is whether error appears on the

face of the record.

The record must affirmatively show “strict compliance with the rules of service of

citation” for a default judgment to withstand a direct attack on restricted appeal. Primate Constr.,

Inc. v. Silver, 884 S.W.2d 151, 152 (Tex. 1994) (per curiam). “If strict compliance is not shown, the

service of process is ‘invalid and of no effect.’” Silver B & Laviolette, LLC v. GH Contracting, Inc.,

No. 03-10-00091-CV, 2010 WL 4053791, at *2 (Tex. App.—Austin Oct. 12, 2010, no pet.) (mem.

op.) (citing Uvalde Country Club v. Martin Linen Supply Co., 690 S.W.2d 884, 885 (Tex. 1985) (per

curiam)); see also Taylor v. State, 293 S.W.3d 913, 915 (Tex. App.—Austin 2009, no pet.). “There

are no presumptions in favor of valid issuance, service, and return of citation in the face of a

[restricted appeal] attack on a default judgment.” Primate Constr., 884 S.W.2d at 152; Rowsey v.

Matetich, No. 03-08-00727-CV, 2010 WL 3191775, at *3 (Tex. App.—Austin Aug. 12, 2010, no

pet.) (mem. op.). Strict compliance, however, does not require “obeisance to the minutest detail.”

Myan Mgmt. Grp., L.L.C. v. Adam Sparks Family Revocable Tr., 292 S.W.3d 750, 752 (Tex.

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App.—Dallas 2009, no pet.) (quoting Williams v. Williams, 150 S.W.3d 436, 443-44 (Tex.

App.—Austin 2004, pet. denied)). “As long as the record as a whole, including the petition, citation,

and return, shows that the citation was served on the defendant in the suit, service of process will

not be invalidated.” Williams, 150 S.W.3d at 444; Regalado v. State, 934 S.W.2d 852, 854 (Tex.

App.—Corpus Christi 1996, no writ).

“Where citation is executed by an alternative method as authorized by Rule 106,

proof of service shall be made in the manner ordered by the court.” Tex. R. Civ. P. 107(f). If the

trial court’s order for substituted service per Texas Rule of Civil Procedure 106 does not specify the

precise manner by which proof of service should be made, “proof of service in the normal manner

authorized by rule 107 is sufficient.” Pao v. Brays Vill. E. Homeowners Ass’n, 905 S.W.2d 35, 38

(Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 1995, no writ) (citing State Farm Fire & Cas. Co. v. Costley,

868 S.W.2d 298, 299 (Tex. 1993)); see Haider v. R.R.G. Masonry, Inc., No. 03-04-00309-CV,

2005 WL 1583276, at *3 (Tex. App.—Austin July 7, 2005, no pet.) (mem. op.). Texas Rule of Civil

Procedure 107 requires only that “the address served” be listed in the return of service, but does not

expressly require stating the specific room or area where service occurred. Tex. R. Civ. P. 107(b)(6).

“It is the service, not the return, which gives the court jurisdiction over the defendant. . . . The return

of citation is but the certificate of the officer as to where, when, and how it was executed.” Walker

v. Broadhead, 828 S.W.2d 278, 282 (Tex. App.—Austin 1992, writ denied).

Cuetara does not argue that DSCH deviated from the rules of civil procedure in

effecting substituted service or that, as in Bartonplace Condominiums Homeowners Association v.

Keup, service was improper because it was executed at a different address, where it could not have

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been delivered to an agent of the defendant corporation because the address belonged to an unrelated

entity. See No. 03-14-00453-CV, 2016 WL 1294797, at *5 (Tex. App.—Austin Mar. 31, 2016, no

pet.) (mem. op.).2 Instead, Cuetara argues that DSCH deviated from the order directing substituted

service because the return of service does not specify that service occurred at the “front office” of

Cuetara’s usual place of business. The court’s order for substituted service in the present appeal did

not specify how proof of service should be made or that it had to include every detail listed in the

order for substituted service; therefore, failure to list on the return that service was accomplished at

the “front office” area of the address specified in the order does not, in and of itself, invalidate

service. See Norton v. Lucio, No. 03-03-00074-CV, 2003 WL 21402021, at *4 (Tex. App.—Austin

June 19, 2003, pet. denied) (mem. op.) (service was not defective where trial court’s order for

substituted service did not affirmatively specify that age of person served be recited in return,

because to hold that return was insufficient for failing to state such age “would be requiring more

from the return than was required by the district court’s order”); see also Silver B & Laviolette, 2010

WL 4053791, at *4 (different addresses listed on return and on citation did not render service

defective so long as requirements of Texas Civil Procedure Rule 107 were met); Pratt v. Moore,

746 S.W.2d 486, 487-88 (Tex. App.—Dallas 1988, no writ) (service was not defective where return

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Each of the cases cited by Cuetara involves a clear deviation from the requirements of the

rules of civil procedure or a conflict between the terms of the order for substituted service and

the return of service. See, e.g., Insurance Co. of Penn. v. Lejeune, 297 S.W.254, 256 (Tex. 2009);

Reed Elsevier, Inc. v. Carrollton-Farmers Branch Indep. Sch. Dist., 180 S.W.3d 903, 905 (Tex.

App.—Dallas 2005, pet. denied); Dolly v. Aethos Commc’ns Sys., Inc., 10 S.W.3d 384, 388-89

(Tex. App.—Dallas 2000, no pet.); Becker v. Russell, 765 S.W.2d 899, 901 (Tex. App.—Austin

1989, no writ); Broussard v. Davila, 352 S.W.2d 753, 753 (Tex. Civ. App.—San Antonio 1961,

no writ). No such deviation or conflict is apparent on the face of the record here.

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of service listed street address but not city of service and included word “Drive,” which was not part

of address for service listed on order for substituted service).

The order for substituted service directed that service be made at Cuetara’s business

address on a “receptionist or such other person over the age of sixteen at the front office at such

address.” This language in the order suggests that the trial court was more concerned with the type

of person to be served at Cuetara’s business address than with the specific room for service within

that address. Construing the phrase “at the front office” to strictly denote a location where service

of process must occur, as opposed to specifying the type of person who could be served (i.e., an

employee of the business who interacts with visitors similarly to a receptionist), would lead to the

illogical conclusion that any person who happened to be “at the front office” when the server arrived

could have been served, including clients or random visitors, “an incongruous possibility. . . [because

in that case] the documents would have had less opportunity . . . in achieving actual notice.” See

Perez v. Old W. Capital Co., 411 S.W.3d 66, 73 (Tex. App.—El Paso 2013, no pet.) (posting service

to side door of residence, when order for substituted service provided that service must be posted

to “front door or entry way,” constituted effective service when side door, and not front door, was

used as main entrance and provided better opportunity in achieving actual notice); see also Myan

Mgmt. Grp., 292 S.W.3d at 754 (service of process was not deficient where return of service listed

different suite number at same address as address provided in citation).

Moreover, even if the return was required to indicate that service had been

accomplished “at the front office,” service still would not have been deficient on the face of the

record before us. “[A] return should be given a fair, reasonable, and natural construction to its

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intent and meaning.” Regalado, 934 S.W.2d at 854 (citing Brown-McKee, Inc. v. J.F. Bryan &

Assoc., 522 S.W.2d 958, 959 (Tex. Civ. App.—Texarkana 1975, no writ)); see Mandel v. Lewisville

Indep. Sch. Dist., 445 S.W.3d 469, 475 (Tex. App.—Fort Worth 2014, pet. denied). The return

states that service was effected at 15251 Barranca Parkway, Irvine, California 92618, and that

Cuetara was in the office but was not willing to accept service. Cuetara does not contend that there

were any other business offices at the same address at the time of service. Because Cuetara was inside

the building, if the process server had been allowed past Cuetara’s front office, he could have

encountered and personally served Cuetara. Therefore, the most reasonable and natural interpretation

of the return is that the process server interacted with the served manager—a person who knew

Cuetara was in the office but would not allow himself to be served personally—“at the front office”

at the above address.

Similarly, Cuetara’s claim that service was defective because the return of service did

not contain the name of the manager who accepted service for Cuetara or an explanation of how the

manager was authorized to accept service is also unsupported. “[T]he recitations in the return of

service carry so much weight that they cannot be rebutted by the uncorroborated proof of the moving

party.” Primate Constr., 884 S.W.2d at 152. A return

is prima facie evidence that the person served is in fact the officer as designated. It

is not necessary for either the petition or citation to designate the officer to be served

by name if the face of the record affirmatively shows the person’s authority. . . . A

defendant who contends that the person served was not in fact a proper officer for

service has the burden to present evidence to the trial court of improper service by

motion for new trial or motion to set aside default judgment.

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Pleasant Homes, Inc. v. Allied Bank of Dall., 776 S.W.2d 153, 154 (Tex. 1989) (per curiam) (citation

omitted). Therefore, the recitations in the return of service in the present case are prima facie

evidence that the person served was a “manager” who was “employed therein and authorized to

accept service” for Cuetara and was of the visible age of thirty-five. The order for substituted service

does not require that a particular named individual be served nor that the return of service include

the name of the served person. As a result, failure to state the manager’s name in the return does

not render the service of process defective. See Cervantes v. Cervantes, No. 03-07-00381-CV,

2009 WL 3682637, at *3 (Tex. App.—Austin Nov. 5, 2009, no pet.) (mem. op.) (“Rule 107 does not

expressly require the return of service to include the name of the person served.”).

Because Cuetara has failed to demonstrate lack of strict compliance with the rules of

service of process on the face of the record, we overrule Cuetara’s appellate issues.

CONCLUSION

Having overruled Cuetara’s appellate issues, we affirm the trial court’s default

judgment against Cuetara.

__________________________________________

Scott K. Field, Justice

Before Justices Puryear, Goodwin, and Field

Affirmed

Filed: July 14, 2016

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