Rayford, Jr. v. Northwest Ohio Realtors

IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF OHIO

WESTERN DIVISION

KIBWE RAYFORD, JR., CASE NO. 3:25 CV 380

Plaintiff,

v. JUDGE JAMES R. KNEPP II

NORTHWEST OHIO REALTORS,

MEMORANDUM OPINION

Defendant. AND ORDER

INTRODUCTION

This Complaint is one of many in a long line of employment discrimination cases with

which pro se Plaintiff Kibwe Rayford, Jr. has flooded the Lucas County Court of Common Pleas

and, in turn, this Federal Court upon removal by the Defendants. See Rayford, Jr. v. Amazon.com

Services, LLC, No. 3:24-cv-02195-JGC (N.D. Ohio) (removed Dec. 17, 2024); Rayford, Jr. v. Kyle

Media, Inc., No. 3:25-cv-00269-JRK (N.D. Ohio) (removed Feb. 12, 2025); Rayford, Jr. v.

Checkers Drive-In Restaurants, Inc., No. 3:25-cv-00294-JRK (N.D. Ohio) (removed Feb. 14,

2025); Rayford, Jr. v. Panda Restaurant Group, Inc., No. 3:25-cv-00326-JJH (N.D. Ohio)

(removed Feb. 18, 2025); Rayford, Jr. v. Sigma Technologies, Ltd., No. 3:25-cv-00329-JJH (N.D.

Ohio) (removed Feb. 18, 2025); Rayford, Jr. v. Advocates for Basic Legal Equality, Inc., No. 3:25-

cv-00332-JJH (N.D. Ohio) (removed Feb. 18, 2025); Rayford, Jr. v. CCFI Companies, LLC, No.

3:25-cv-00338-JJH (N.D. Ohio) (removed Feb. 19, 2025); Rayford, Jr. v. Krispy Kreme Doughnut

Corporation, No. 3:25-cv-00345-JRK (N.D. Ohio) (removed Feb. 20, 2025); Rayford, Jr. v.

Whiteford Kenworth, No. 3:25-cv-00347-JJH (N.D. Ohio) (removed Feb. 20, 2025); Rayford, Jr.

v. Boy Scouts of America, No. 3:25-cv-00348-JJH (N.D. Ohio) (removed Feb. 20, 2025); Rayford,

Jr. v. Lucas County Workforce Development, No. 3:25-cv-00350-JJH (N.D. Ohio) (removed Feb.

21, 2025); Rayford, Jr. v. Board of Lucas County Commissioners, No. 3:25-cv-00351-JRK (N.D.

Ohio) (removed Feb. 21, 2025); Rayford, Jr. v. Hospital Service Associates, Inc., No. 3:25-cv-

00362-JJH (N.D. Ohio) (removed Feb. 24, 2025); Rayford, Jr. v. Hirzel Canning Company, 3:25-

cv-00365-JRK (N.D. Ohio) (removed Feb. 24, 2025); Rayford, Jr. v. Impact Employment

Solutions, 3:25-cv-00366-JRK (N.D. Ohio) (removed Feb. 24, 2025); Rayford, Jr. v. Concord

Care Center of Toledo, No. 3:25-cv-00372-JJH (N.D. Ohio) (removed Feb. 25, 2025); Rayford,

Jr. v. Northwest Ohio Realtors, No. 3:25-cv-00380-JRK (N.D. Ohio) (removed Feb. 26, 2025);

Rayford, Jr. v. Community Health Services, No. 3:25-cv-00381-JRK (N.D. Ohio) (removed Feb.

26, 2025); Rayford, Jr. v. Libbey Glass LLC, No. 3:25-cv-00382-JRK (N.D. Ohio) (removed Feb.

26, 2025); Rayford, Jr. v. Fresh Products, LLC, 3:25-cv-00432-JJH (N.D. Ohio) (removed Mar.

4, 2025).

BACKGROUND

In each of the removed actions, Plaintiff utilizes the same self-styled form Complaint,

changing only the name of the Defendant and the position for which he applied. In all other

respects, the form is the same in each case. The form Complaints contain no facts specific to their

respective case and simply list causes of action as Title VII, 42 U.S.C. §2000e, the Americans with

Disabilities Act (“ADA”) 42 U.S.C. § 42112, and Title XV the Equal Employment Opportunity

Act (“EEOA”) 47 U.S.C. §554. The form states only that he applied for a position and contains

spaces for him to write in the job for which he applied, the date he applied, and the date on which

the application was denied. The form then states that although he “surpass [sic]or meets the

qualifications, … [he] was not selected for Interview or considered for hiring practices.” (Doc. 1-

1, at 3). The form Complaint states:

The discriminatory conduct of which Plaintiff complain [sic] in this action includes:

nnnnnnn.Failure to Hire

ooooooo. Unequal terms and conditions of employment

ppppppp. Retaliation

Defendant discriminated against Plaintiff based on:

qqqqqq. Race

rrrrrrr. Color

ssssss. Gender

ttttttt. National Origin

uuuuuuu. Disability

vvvvvvv. Education

Id. The form Complaint seeks $ 15,000.00 in damages. Id. at 4.

On the form Complaint in the instant case, Plaintiff named Northwest Ohio Realtors1 as a

Defendant and indicated he applied for a position of Office Manager. Id. at 3. Those are the only

factual allegations in the Complaint specific to this case. The rest of the form reads as stated above.

STANDARD OF REVIEW

The Court is required to construe a pro se Complaint liberally and to hold it to a less

stringent standard than one drafted by an attorney.2 Spotts v. United States, 429 F.3d 248, 250 (6th

Cir. 2005) (citing Haines v. Kerner, 404 U.S. 519, 520 (1972)). Pursuant to Sixth Circuit precedent,

district courts are permitted to conduct a limited screening procedure and dismiss, sua sponte, a

fee-paid Complaint filed by a non-prisoner if it appears that the allegations are “totally implausible,

attenuated, unsubstantial, frivolous, devoid of merit, or no longer open to discussion.” Apple v.

Glenn, 183 F.3d 477, 479 (6th Cir. 1999) (per curiam) (citing Hagans v. Lavine, 415 U.S. 528,

1. In the Complaint, Plaintiff lists the Defendant as Northwest Ohio Relators. In the supporting

documentation, he lists the Defendant as Northwest Ohio Realtors.

2. As an initial matter, Plaintiff indicates in a “Disclosure” attached to his form Complaint that he

attended law school. (Doc. 1-1, at 5). He does not indicate whether he graduated from law school

or passed a bar exam in any state. It is therefore not clear that Plaintiff’s pro se Complaint is

entitled to the liberal construction given to the pleadings prepared by non-attorneys who are not

familiar with the law and general pleading requirements.

536-37 (1974)). Dismissal on a sua sponte basis is also authorized where the asserted claims lack

an arguable basis in law, or if the district court lacks subject matter jurisdiction over the matter.

Id. at 480; see also Neitzke v. Williams, 490 U.S. 319 (1989); Lawler v. Marshall, 898 F.2d 1196

(6th Cir. 1990).

DISCUSSION

Plaintiff’s prolific filing of frivolous form Complaints is patently vexatious. He currently

has over twenty cases pending in this Court, and all but one of them were removed to this court in

February 2025. Each day, this Court receives more cases using the same form Complaint. Plaintiff

has not put forth a sincere effort to draft a pleading that contains facts specific to each case or an

explanation of why he believes he is entitled to relief from any specific Defendant under the

various statutes identified. The Complaints do not appear to seek real relief from the Defendants.

At best, this conduct could be construed as a misguided attempt to supplement his income through

frivolous litigation, hoping one of these cases will produce a settlement or a judgment in his favor.

Viewed less generously, it could be construed as harassment of the Defendants and courts. Neither

is a proper use of this Court’s time and resources.

The Court is aware that, at this stage, Plaintiff is not required to plead his discrimination

claims with heightened specificity. See Swierkiewicz v. Sorema N. A., 534 U.S. 506, 513-14 (2002).

Nevertheless, the Supreme Court has held that a Plaintiff must still provide “enough facts to state

a claim to relief that is plausible on its face.” Twombly, 550 U.S. at 570; see also Iqbal, 556 U.S.

at 677-78 (“[A] complaint [will not] suffice if it tenders ‘naked assertions’ devoid of ‘further

factual enhancement.’”) (quoting Twombly, 550 U.S. at 557). The Sixth Circuit clarified the scope

of Twombly and Iqbal, noting that “even though a Complaint need not contain detailed factual

allegations, its ‘[f]actual allegations must be enough to raise a right to relief above the speculative

level on the assumption that all the allegations in the Complaint are true.’” New Albany Tractor v.

Lousiville Tractor, 650 F.3d 1046, 1051 (6th Cir. 2011) (quoting Twombly, 550 U.S. at 555)

(alteration in original).

Plaintiff’s Complaint never rises above the speculative level. He provides no facts specific

to this case, and the Court is left to guess his race, color, gender, national origin, and disability;

what the actual qualifications for the position were; whether Plaintiff truly met all of those

qualifications; and what facts, if any, support his assertion that a decision was made not to hire

him and that such decision was based on prohibited criteria.3 The form Complaint merely states

that he applied for a job and ultimately was not offered employment. Simply applying for a job,

even if fully qualified, does not guarantee employment, and failure to offer an employment

interview, alone is not a violation of federal law. Plaintiff’s bare bones form Complaint, devoid of

factual allegations and composed entirely of legal conclusions, is not sufficient to meet even the

minimum basic pleading requirements in federal court. See Fed. R. Civ. P. 8 (a complaint must

provide “a short and plain statement of the claim” made by “simple, concise, and direct”

allegations); see also Morgan v. Church’s Fried Chicken, 829 F.2d 10, 12 (6th Cir. 1987) (holding

legal conclusions alone are not sufficient to present a valid claim, and court is not required to

accept “unwarranted factual inferences”). Plaintiff’s repeated filings of the same form Complaint

lacking any factual basis is frivolous. This case must be dismissed.

Plaintiff also filed a Motion for Leave to File a Proposed Notice of Prima Facie. (Docs. 6,

6-1). It is also a self-styled form that does not contain any facts specific to this or any other case.

It is composed entirely of excerpts from statutes and case citations. He adds:

The Plaintiff is overqualified for the position, should have been interviewed and

extended a job offer. The fact of the Plaintiff being denied an interview and a job

offer is discrimination. ADA set clear standards regarding being qualified and not

3. Indeed, the form Complaint has a line for the date on which Plaintiff applied for the position

and the date on which he was denied employment; both were left blank. (Doc. 1-1, at 3-4).

being a considered candidate.

(Doc. 6-1, at 5). He simply reworded the form Complaint without adding the crucial information

needed to state a claim against this particular Defendant. The Motion is frivolous and is denied.

Furthermore, undeterred by the Court’s warning against filing frivolous and harassing bulk

litigation, Plaintiff continued to engage in vexatious behavior by filing this Motion and/or a similar

form Motion Judgment in at least twelve cases in this Court. See Rayford, Jr. v. Kyle Media, Inc,

No. 3:25-cv-00269-JRK (N.D. Ohio) (Doc. 6); Rayford Jr. v. Checkers Drive-In Restaurants, Inc.,

No. 3:25-cv-00294-JRK (N.D. Ohio) (Doc. 7); Rayford, Jr. v. Panda Restaurant Group, Inc., No.

3:25-cv-00326-JJH (N.D. Ohio) (Doc. 10); Rayford, Jr. v. CCFI Companies, LLC, No. 3:25-cv-

00338-JJH (N.D. Ohio) (Docs. 4, 7); Rayford Jr. v. Krispy Kreme Doughnut Corporation, No.

3:25-cv-00345-JRK (N.D. Ohio) (Doc. 4); Rayford, Jr. v. Whiteford Kenworth, No. 3:25-cv-

00347-JJH (N.D. Ohio) (Docs. 6,8); Rayford, Jr. v. Boy Scouts of America, No. 3:25-cv-00348-

JJH (N.D. Ohio) (Docs. 4, 6); Rayford Jr. v. Hospital Service Associates, Inc., No. 3:25-cv-00362-

JJH (N.D. Ohio) (Doc. 5); Rayford, Jr. v. Hirzel Canning Company, 3:25-cv-00365-JRK (N.D.

Ohio) (Doc. 6); Rayford Jr. v. Impact Employment Solutions, 3:25-cv-00366-JRK (N.D. Ohio)

(Doc. 6); Rayford Jr. v. Concord Care Center of Toledo, No. 3:25-cv-00372-JJH (N.D. Ohio)

(Doc. 3); Rayford, Jr. v. Libbey Glass LLC, No. 3:25-cv-00382-JRK (N.D. Ohio) (Doc. 4). None

of these Motions contain any case specific information. This Court notes that Judge James G. Carr

enjoined Plaintiff from filing additional Motions in his case due to Plaintiff’s excessive filings.

See Rayford, Jr. v. Amazon.com Services, LLC, No. 3:24-cv-02195 (N.D. Ohio). In light of

Plaintiff’s behavior in this and other cases in this federal court and in state court, Plaintiff is

enjoined from filing any new Motions or documents in this case.

CONCLUSION

For the foregoing reasons, good cause appearing, it is

ORDERED that this action is DISMISSED, Apple v. Glenn, 183 F.3d 477, 479 (6th Cir.

1999) and this case is closed; and it is

FURTHER ORDERED that Plaintiff’s Motion for Leave (Doc. 6) be, and the same hereby

is, DENIED; and it is

FURTHER ORDERED that Plaintiff is enjoined from filing any new Motions or

documents in this case; and the Court

FURTHER CERTIFIES, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(a)(3), that an appeal from this

decision could not be taken in good faith.

s/ James R. Knepp II

UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE

Dated: March 11, 2025