State of Tennessee v. Maurice Pruitt

IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TENNESSEE

AT JACKSON

March 4, 2003 Session

STATE OF TENNESSEE v. MAURICE PRUITT

Appeal from the Circuit Court for Gibson County

No. H-6859 Donald H. Allen, Judge

No. W2002-01905-CCA-R3-CD - Filed July 8, 2003

The defendant, Maurice Pruitt, appeals from his conviction by a jury in the Gibson County Circuit

Court for the sale of one-half gram or more of cocaine, a Class B felony. The trial court sentenced

him as a Range II, multiple offender to eighteen years in the Department of Correction to be served

consecutively to a ten-year sentence from another county. The defendant contends that (1) the

pretrial identification procedures were suggestive and violated due process and (2) the trial judge

erred by entering the jury room. We affirm the judgment of conviction.

Tenn. R. App. P. 3 Appeal as of Right; Judgment of the Circuit Court Affirmed

JOSEPH M. TIPTON, J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which DAVID H. WELLES and JAMES

CURWOOD WITT, JR., JJ., joined.

Harold R. Guinn, Humboldt, Tennessee, for the appellant, Maurice Pruitt.

Paul G. Summers, Attorney General and Reporter; J. Ross Dyer, Assistant Attorney General; Garry

G. Brown, District Attorney General; and Edward L. Hardister, Assistant District Attorney General,

for the appellee, State of Tennessee.

OPINION

This case arises from an undercover drug operation on June 27, 2000, in which Charlotte

Lumpkin purchased crack cocaine from the defendant. Sergeant Jacque Bass of the Paris Police

Department testified that in the summer of 2000, he worked as an undercover agent making street-

level cocaine purchases for the Drug Task Force. He was partnered with Charlotte Lumpkin for each

purchase he made. His 1991 Ford Explorer had audio and video recording equipment, and Ms.

Lumpkin wore a wire to record any conversations that could not be picked up by the equipment in

the car. On the day of the sale, he and Ms. Lumpkin received $100 or $200 to buy drugs and began

driving around Humboldt to make a purchase. He said he talked with Thomas Boykin who told him

that he would take them to buy crack cocaine. He said Mr. Boykin got into the car and directed him

to drive to a specific house. Sergeant Bass gave Ms. Lumpkin $100, and she and Mr. Boykin walked

up to the house. Sergeant Bass said that he remained in the car and that a bush blocked his view

once Ms. Lumpkin and Mr. Boykin stepped onto the porch. He said he saw the top of the screen

door open. He said Ms. Lumpkin and Mr. Boykin returned a couple of minutes later and got in the

car. He asked Ms. Lumpkin if everything went okay, and she said yes. He said he gave five dollars

to Mr. Boykin and took him to another street. Ms. Lumpkin then gave him the crack cocaine, which

she had been holding in her hand. Two or three minutes later, Sergeant Bass gave the crack cocaine

to Agent Danny Lewis at the Drug Task Force office.

Sergeant Bass testified that after Mr. Boykin got out, Ms. Lumpkin said the person who sold

the drugs to her was a man whom they previously had seen in a light blue car. He said that on

another occasion, Ms. Lumpkin had spoken to a man in a blue car who would not sell drugs to them.

He said the car was distinctive, older but in extremely good condition, and trimmed in gold.

Sergeant Bass said the blue car was not present at the June 27 buy. He said that Ms. Lumpkin could

not remember the man’s name but that after they returned to the office, she identified the defendant

as the seller from a photograph array. On cross-examination, Sergeant Bass testified that they did

not target the defendant after the failed attempt to purchase drugs. He said he was filling out a report

while Agent Lewis laid the photograph array on a desk about twelve feet away. He said Agent Lewis

may have handed the photographs to Ms. Lumpkin, who then laid them out. He also said he did not

see Agent Lewis point to anything or prompt Ms. Lumpkin when she identified the seller’s

photograph.

Charlotte Lumpkin testified that she lived in Humboldt, Tennessee, from 1999 to 2001. She

initially declined an offer to buy drugs undercover for the Drug Task Force but later approached

Agent Lewis and accepted the job. She was paid regardless of whether someone was arrested or

charged. Sergeant Bass was her partner for each attempted buy, and she wore a recording device

when they went out to purchase drugs. She said that during the afternoon of June 27, 2000, Thomas

Boykin stopped their car. Sergeant Bass talked to Mr. Boykin, who got into the car and directed

them to Brian Pearson’s house. She said that she had purchased drugs from Mr. Pearson before but

that she did not deal with him that day. She said that Sergeant Bass gave her $100 and that she

walked up to the house with Mr. Boykin. She said that the defendant came to the door and that she

told him she wanted to buy “a bill,” which was one hundred dollars worth of crack cocaine. She said

the defendant pulled out a bag from his pocket, said “hold on,” and went inside for a moment. She

said that when he returned, he gave her five rocks of crack cocaine. She said she and Mr. Boykin

returned to the car. She said they drove around the block, Sergeant Bass gave Mr. Boykin five

dollars, and Mr. Boykin got out of the car. She said she handed the drugs to Sergeant Bass.

Ms. Lumpkin testified that at the time, she did not know the defendant but had seen him

around Humboldt. She said she knew he drove a sky blue car with gold trim and rims and a navy

blue top. She said this car was very well known in Humboldt. She said that after they returned to

the Drug Task Force office, she told Agent Lewis that she did not know the seller’s name but that

she knew what he drove. She said Agent Lewis got six Polaroid pictures out of his desk, placed

them on the desk in rows of three, and asked her if she could identify any of them as the seller. She

said she immediately recognized the defendant as the person who sold her drugs. She said Brian

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Pearson’s photograph was one of the pictures Agent Lewis showed her and the house they went to

was Brian Pearson’s. On cross-examination, Ms. Lumpkin said that on an earlier occasion, she had

stopped the defendant in his sky blue car and attempted to buy drugs but that the defendant had

declined because she was riding with the police. She admitted that she recognized three of the

people in the photograph array including the defendant. She also said Agent Lewis did not discuss

the photographs with her before taking them out. She admitted that she had been convicted of

domestic assault and forgeries.

Lieutenant Danny Lewis of the Humboldt Police Department testified that he worked with

the Drug Task Force and was the control agent for Charlotte Lumpkin and Sergeant Jacque Bass.

The officers searched Ms. Lumpkin and placed an audio recording device on her. After they

received money for the purchase, Sergeant Bass and Ms. Lumpkin left to find someone from whom

they could buy drugs. Agent Lewis monitored them from a nearby location through audio equipment

in their car. He said that when Ms. Lumpkin returned to the Drug Task Force office, he placed six

photographs on the desk in two rows of three. He said Ms. Lumpkin immediately identified the

defendant as the seller. He said he chose pictures of people associated with the defendant for the

photograph array because they could have possibly driven the car Ms. Lumpkin described.

Agent Lewis testified that after Sergeant Bass returned from the transaction, Sergeant Bass

gave him the drugs he had received from Ms. Lumpkin. Agent Lewis took the drugs to the

Tennessee Bureau of Investigation Crime Laboratory. The laboratory returned the evidence and

prepared a report, which stated that the drug was a cocaine base, a Schedule II controlled substance.

On cross-examination, he said he did not remember Ms. Lumpkin telling him before this transaction

that she previously tried to buy drugs from the defendant. He said that she told him about the

previous attempted transaction after completing the June 27 sale and that no report was made on the

previous attempted purchase.

Thomas Boykin testified that he pled guilty to facilitation of the sale of cocaine with respect

to the drug transaction on June 27, 2000. He said Ms. Lumpkin and Sergeant Bass drove up and

asked him where they could purchase drugs. He told them he did not sell drugs but got into the car

to take them to someone who did. He said that he directed them to Brian Pearson’s house and that

he and Ms. Lumpkin got out of the car and walked up to the house. He said the defendant answered

the door. He said Ms. Lumpkin remained on the porch while he went into the house and bought

drugs from Brian Pearson. He said that he did not know if Ms. Lumpkin bought any drugs but that

when he came out of the house, he had to flag Ms. Lumpkin and Sergeant Bass down because they

had already left. He said that Sergeant Bass gave him five dollars and that he got out of the car. On

cross-examination, he admitted that he was under the influence of drugs that day and not completely

aware of what was happening.

Based upon this testimony, the jury convicted the defendant of the sale of one-half gram

or more of crack cocaine.

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I. IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURES

The defendant contends that the trial court erred by admitting Ms. Lumpkin’s identification

of him from a photograph array. He argues that the array was unduly suggestive, making Ms.

Lumpkin’s identification unreliable. He claims that one of the pictures had Brian Pearson’s name

on it and that Agent Lewis chose people Ms. Lumpkin knew for the photograph array and arranged

the photographs in such a way that she would identify the defendant as the seller. The state contends

that the defendant failed to raise this issue prior to trial and has waived the right to challenge it on

appeal. Also, the state contends that the photograph array was not unduly suggestive. We agree with

the state.

The record reflects that the defendant did not make a pretrial motion to suppress the

identification evidence. Rule 12(b)(3) of the Tennessee Rules of Criminal Procedure states that a

motion to suppress evidence must be raised pretrial. Failure to move pretrial to suppress an out-of-

court identification waives the issue. State v. Burtis, 664 S.W.2d 305, 310 (Tenn. Crim. App. 1983);

State v. McCray, 614 S.W.2d 90, 94 (Tenn. Crim. App. 1981); see Tenn. R. Crim. P. 12(f).

Furthermore, the defendant made no objection to the identification procedures at trial. When

the trial court admitted the photographs used in the array into evidence the defendant made no

objection. At the time they were admitted, one of the photographs had Brian Pearson’s name at the

bottom. After Ms. Lumpkin testified that Brian Pearson’s name was not on the photograph when

she identified him as the seller at the Drug Task Force office, the defendant objected, arguing that

the photograph was not an original. The trial court ordered Mr. Pearson’s name to be covered before

the photograph was passed to the jury. In his motion for a new trial and in his appellate brief, the

defendant now alleges that the out-of-court identification was so suggestive that it deprived him of

due process. His objection at trial challenged the authenticity of the photographs admitted into

evidence. The defendant may not object on one ground and then assert a new or different theory to

support the objection in the motion for new trial or on appeal. State v. Adkisson, 899 S.W.2d 626,

634-35 (Tenn. Crim. App. 1994).

II. THE TRIAL JUDGE ENTERING THE JURY ROOM

The defendant also contends that the trial judge entered the jury room at some point. His sole

support for this contention is a reference to the transcript of his motion for a new trial, which he did

not include in the record on appeal. He provides no reference to the record he submitted. It is the

duty of the appellant to prepare a record that conveys a fair, accurate, and complete account of what

transpired in the trial court with respect to the issues that form the basis of the appeal. T.R.A.P.

24(b); State v. Miller, 737 S.W.2d 556, 558 (Tenn. Crim. App. 1987). Generally, when the record

fails to include relevant proceedings or documents, we must presume the trial court’s ruling on the

issue to be correct. State v. Bennett, 798 S.W.2d 783, 789-90 (Tenn. Crim. App. 1990).

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Based on the foregoing and the record as a whole, we affirm the judgment of conviction.

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JOSEPH M. TIPTON, JUDGE

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