The opinion
In the United States Court of Federal Claims
OFFICE OF SPECIAL MASTERS
No. 20-1295V
JYL ANN POTEET,
Chief Special Master Corcoran
Petitioner,
v. Filed: April 1, 2024
SECRETARY OF HEALTH AND
HUMAN SERVICES,
Respondent.
John Robert Howie, Howie Law, PC, Dallas, TX, for Petitioner.
Alexis B. Babcock, U.S. Department of Justice, Washington, DC, for Respondent.
DECISION ON ATTORNEY’S FEES AND COSTS1
On September 30, 2020, Jyl Ann Poteet filed a petition for compensation under the
National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program, 42 U.S.C. §300aa-10, et seq.2 (the
“Vaccine Act”). Petitioner alleges that she suffered Guillain-Barré syndrome (“GBS”)
which was caused-in-fact by the influenza vaccine she received on October 3, 2017.
Petition at 1, ¶¶ 1, 21. On February 27, 2024, I issued a decision awarding damages to
Petitioner, following briefing by the parties. ECF No. 45.
1 Because this Decision contains a reasoned explanation for the action taken in this case, it must be made
publicly accessible and will be posted on the United States Court of Federal Claims' website, and/or
at https://www.govinfo.gov/app/collection/uscourts/national/cofc, in accordance with the E-Government
Act of 2002. 44 U.S.C. § 3501 note (2018) (Federal Management and Promotion of Electronic Government
Services). This means the Decision will be available to anyone with access to the internet. In
accordance with Vaccine Rule 18(b), Petitioner has 14 days to identify and move to redact medical or other
information, the disclosure of which would constitute an unwarranted invasion of privacy. If, upon review, I
agree that the identified material fits within this definition, I will redact such material from public access.
2
National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act of 1986, Pub. L. No. 99-660, 100 Stat. 3755. Hereinafter, for ease
of citation, all section references to the Vaccine Act will be to the pertinent subparagraph of 42 U.S.C. §
300aa (2018).
Petitioner has now filed a motion for attorney’s fees and costs, requesting an award
of $52,570.02 (representing $51,808.40 for fees and $761.62 for costs). Petitioner’s First
Application for Fees and Costs, filed Feb. 28, 2024, ECF No. 49. In accordance with
General Order No. 9, Petitioner filed a signed statement indicating that he incurred no
out-of-pocket expenses. ECF No. 38-4.
Respondent reacted to the motion on February 29, 2024, representing that he is
satisfied that the statutory requirements for an award of attorney’s fees and costs are met
in this case, but deferring resolution of the amount to be awarded to my discretion.
Respondent’s Response to Motion at 2-3, 3 n.2, ECF No. 50. The same day, Petitioner
filed a reply stating that “Petitioner does not intend to file a substantive reply to
Respondent’s response.” ECF No. 51.
Having considered the motion along with the invoices and other proof filed in
connection, I find a reduction in the amount of fees to be awarded appropriate, for the
reason set forth below.
ANALYSIS
The Vaccine Act permits an award of reasonable attorney’s fees and costs. Section
15(e). Counsel must submit fee requests that include contemporaneous and specific
billing records indicating the service performed, the number of hours expended on the
service, and the name of the person performing the service. See Savin v. Sec’y of Health
& Hum. Servs., 85 Fed. Cl. 313, 316-18 (2008). Counsel should not include in their fee
requests hours that are “excessive, redundant, or otherwise unnecessary.” Saxton v.
Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs., 3 F.3d 1517, 1521 (Fed. Cir. 1993) (quoting Hensley v.
Eckerhart, 461 U.S. 424, 434 (1983)). It is “well within the special master’s discretion to
reduce the hours to a number that, in [her] experience and judgment, [is] reasonable for
the work done.” Id. at 1522. Furthermore, the special master may reduce a fee request
sua sponte, apart from objections raised by respondent and without providing a petitioner
notice and opportunity to respond. See Sabella v. Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs., 86 Fed.
Cl. 201, 209 (2009). A special master need not engage in a line-by-line analysis of
petitioner’s fee application when reducing fees. Broekelschen v. Sec’y of Health & Hum.
Servs., 102 Fed. Cl. 719, 729 (2011).
The petitioner “bears the burden of establishing the hours expended, the rates
charged, and the expenses incurred.” Wasson v. Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs., 24 Cl.
Ct. 482, 484 (1991). The Petitioner “should present adequate proof [of the attorney’s fees
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and costs sought] at the time of the submission.” Wasson, 24 Cl. Ct. at 484 n.1.
Petitioner’s counsel “should make a good faith effort to exclude from a fee request hours
that are excessive, redundant, or otherwise unnecessary, just as a lawyer in private
practice ethically is obligated to exclude such hours from his fee submission.” Hensley,
461 U.S. at 434.
ATTORNEY FEES
The rates requested for work performed through the end of 2023 are reasonable
and consistent with our prior determinations, and will therefore be adopted. ECF No. 49
at 1-2. Petitioner has also requested the same 2024 attorney and paralegal hourly rates
as were paid in 2023. Id. I find these hourly rates to be reasonable.
Regarding the number of hours billed, I deem the total amount of time devoted to
briefing damages to be excessive. See Status Report, filed Oct. 31, 2022, ECF No. 38
(reporting an impasse in damages discussions); Petitioner’s Motion for Ruling on the
Record on Damages, filed Jan. 30, 2023, ECF No. 41; Petitioner’s Reply to Respondent’s
Response to Petitioner’s Motion for Ruling on the Record on Damages. Filed Apr. 6, 2023,
ECF No. 43. Petitioner’s counsel expended approximately 19.4 hours drafting the
damages brief and 12.2 hours drafting the reply brief, totaling 31.63 hours. ECF No. 49-2
at 8-10.
My above calculation does not include time spent preparing the initial demand
which would have informed this later work – 3.1 hours – and I am therefore awarding fees
associated with that task in full.4 Nor am I counting time spent communicating with
Petitioner and preparing additional supporting documentation such as affidavits or signed
declarations, which is also being awarded in full. See, e.g., ECF No. 49-2 at 8-9 (entries
dated 1/23/23 and 1/26/23).
It is unreasonable for counsel to spend so much time briefing the issue of damages
in this case, once the sum in question is calculated, and where the issues presented are
not complex. I have identified numerous cases (which may reasonably be compared to
3 This total is calculated as follows: 3.0 hours billed on 10/25/22, by John Howie at a rate of $466; and 28.6
hours billed on 1/26/23, 1/27/23, 1/28/23, 1/30/23, 3/22/23, 3/23/23, and 4/5/23, by John Howie at a rate of
$492.
4 This time was billed by John Howie in early 2022, using an hourly rate of $466, and results in $1,444.60
in attorney’s fees. ECF No. 49-2 at 5.
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time spent in this matter),5 in which attorneys have accomplished this task in about half
the time.6 See, e.g., Staffaroni v. Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs., No. 21-1951V (Nov. 2,
2023) (19.2 and 5.4 hours billed for drafting a damages brief and responsive damages
brief, respectively); Granville v. Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs., No. 21-2098V (Oct. 25,
2023) (16.4 and 6.2 hours billed for drafting a damages brief and responsive damages
brief, respectively); Schenck v. Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs., No. 21-1768V (Oct. 20,
2023) (8.0 and 3.2 hours billed for drafting a damages brief and responsive damages
brief, respectively); Weil v. Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs., No. 21-0831V (Oct. 20, 2023)
(14.5 and 1.5 hours billed for drafting a damages brief and reviewing Respondent’s
responsive damages brief, respectively); Hernandez v. Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs.,
No. 21-1572V (July 21, 2023) (14.7 hours billed for drafting a damages brief); Miles v.
Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs., No. 20-0146V (July 20, 2023) (16.4 and 7.2 hours billed
for drafting a damages brief and responsive damages brief, respectively); Merchant v.
Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs., No. 20-0450V (July 12, 2023) (15.5 and 2.7 hours billed
for drafting a damages brief and responsive damages brief, respectively); Elenteny v.
Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs., No. 19-1972V (May 31, 2023) (16.7 hours billed for
drafting a damages brief); Miller v. Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs., No. 21-1559V (May
30, 2023) (17.5 and 4.5 hours billed for drafting a damages brief and responsive damages
brief, respectively).
The circumstances of this case did not warrant devoting so much time to the
damages briefing. The parties disputed only past and future pain and suffering amounts
– Petitioner sought $160,000.00 for past pain and suffering and $600 per year for a future
award, and Respondent countered with $77,500.00 for a past award only. Damages
Decision, issued Feb. 27, 2024, at 3-4. And I ultimately awarded an amount for past pain
and suffering closer to that proposed by Petitioner (albeit no future award) – supporting
the need for damages briefing. Id. at 7. However, I still find the amount of time expended
to be excessive, but not as egregiously high as in other cases. Thus, I will reduce the
hours billed by a lower percentage than I otherwise would apply. See, e.g. Nyhuis v. Sec’y
of Health & Hum. Servs., No. 21-1615V, 2023 WL 6440625 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Aug.
31, 2023) (employing a reduction of thirty percent).
Of course, having prevailed in this case, a fees award is generally appropriate. But
the Act permits only an award of a reasonable amount of attorney’s fees. Accordingly, I
5 Special masters may use comparisons to attorneys performing similar tasks to determine if hours are
excessive. See Saxton v. Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs., 3 F.3d 1517, 1518-1521 (Fed. Cir. 1993).
6 These decisions can be found on the United States Court of Federal Claims website, and/or
at https://www.govinfo.gov/app/collection/uscourts/national/cofc (last visited Mar. 24, 2024).
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will reduce the sum to be awarded for damages briefing (a total of 31.6 hours, or
$15,469.20) by ten percent. Such an across-the-board reduction (which I am empowered
to adopt)7 fairly captures the overbilling evidenced by this work, without requiring me to
act as a “green eye-shaded accountant” in identifying with specificity each objectionable
task relevant to this one sub-area of work performed on the case. This results in a
reduction of $1,546.92.8
ATTORNEY COSTS
Petitioner requests $761.62 in overall costs. ECF No. 49 at 1. She has provided
receipts for all but expenses of $49.53 for copying and $1.55 for postage. Id. I will
nevertheless allow reimbursement of these unsubstantiated costs. ECF No. 49-3. And
Respondent offered no specific objection to the rates or amounts sought.
CONCLUSION
The Vaccine Act permits an award of reasonable attorney’s fees and costs for
successful claimants. Section 15(e). Accordingly, I hereby GRANT Petitioner’s Motion for
attorney’s fees and costs. I award a total of $51,023.10 (representing $50,261.48 for
fees and $761.62 in costs) as a lump sum in the form of a check jointly payable to
Petitioner and Petitioner’s counsel, John R. Howie, Jr.
In the absence of a timely-filed motion for review (see Appendix B to the Rules of
the Court), the Clerk of Court shall enter judgment in accordance with this Decision.9
IT IS SO ORDERED.
s/Brian H. Corcoran
Brian H. Corcoran
Chief Special Master
7 Special masters are permitted to employ percentage reductions to hours billed, provided the reduction is
sufficiently explained. See, e.g., Abbott v. Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs., 135 Fed. Cl. 107, 111 (2017);
Raymo v. Sec’y of Health & Hum. Servs, 129 Fed. Cl. 691, 702-704 (2016); Sabella v. Sec’y of Health &
Hum. Servs., 86 Fed. Cl. 201, 214 (2009).
8 This amount is calculated as follows: (3.0 hrs. x $466 x .10) + (28.6 hrs. x $492 x .10) = $6,556.62.
9 Pursuant to Vaccine Rule 11(a), the parties may expedite entry of judgment by filing a joint notice
renouncing their right to seek review.
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