The opinion
IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TENNESSEE
AT KNOXVILLE
May 25, 2010 Session
STATE OF TENNESSEE v. TIMOTHY DELANDO METCALF
Direct Appeal from the Circuit Court for Sullivan County
No. S54,989 R. Jerry Beck, Judge
No. E2009-02362-CCA-R3-CD - Filed September 22, 2010
The Defendant-Appellant, Timothy Delando Metcalf, pled guilty in the Circuit Court of
Sullivan County to burglary, a Class E felony, and theft of $500 or less, a Class A
misdemeanor, and appeals the denial of his request for an alternative sentence. Metcalf
received a sentence of one year in the Tennessee Department of Correction for the burglary
conviction and a suspended sentence of eleven months and twenty-nine days for the theft
conviction. In this appeal, Metcalf claims the trial court should have also granted probation
for the burglary conviction. Upon review, we affirm the judgment of the trial court.
Tenn. R. App. P. 3 Appeal as of Right; Judgment of the Circuit Court Affirmed
C AMILLE R. M CM ULLEN, J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which J AMES C URWOOD
W ITT, J R., and N ORMA M CG EE O GLE, JJ., joined.
Stephen M. Wallace, District Public Defender; Terry Jordan, Assistant Public Defender,
Blountville, Tennessee, for the Defendant-Appellant, Timothy Delando Metcalf.
Robert E. Cooper, Jr., Attorney General and Reporter; Deshea Dulany Faughn, Assistant
Attorney General; H. Greeley Wells, Jr., District Attorney General; and Julie Canter,
Assistant District Attorney General, for the Appellee, State of Tennessee.
OPINION
Background. The facts supporting the convictions were set forth by the State at the
guilty plea hearing:
Had Case S54989 proceeded to trial the State’s proof would have been
that on March 9th, 2008, Christopher Harris reported that while his vehicle
was parked in [a] K-Mart parking lot at 1805 East Stone Drive in Kingsport,
someone stole his CD player. He advised that the car was unlocked, and the
CD player was taken from the dash.
Detective Todd Ide obtained surveillance video from K-Mart[’s] loss
prevention officer, Randy McCreedy, which revealed two white males exiting
the store, and one male entering the victim’s car while the other male acted as
a lookout.
The video revealed that the suspects left in a red and gray Chevrolet
Caprice. The suspect vehicle was located at 127 Georgia Private Drive, and
contact was made with the residents. The residents were identified as Tim
Metcalf and Robert Metcalf. Both Timothy and Robert Metcalf were
identified from the surveillance video as well.
All of the above did occur in Sullivan County.
The trial court sentenced the petitioner immediately following the entry of the guilty
plea.
At the sentencing hearing, the pretrial diversion report, prepared by Officer Elizabeth
Nelson of the Tennessee Board of Probation and Parole, was admitted into evidence. Before
pleading guilty, Metcalf requested pretrial diversion; however, he abandoned this effort after
he committed and pled guilty to several new offenses in South Carolina while he was
released on bond in the instant case. The trial court considered the report in addressing
alternative sentencing.
The report provides a statement Metcalf gave to the Kingsport Police Department on
March 11, 2008. Metcalf claimed he was at the K-Mart because his brother, Robert, needed
a jack for his car. After purchasing the jack, Metcalf noticed a car in the parking lot that he
thought belonged to his other brother, Nakkita. Metcalf said he entered the car and realized
that it did not belong to Nakkita. Metcalf stated:
I got into the Eclipse and realized it was not his car. I took the radio out of the
dash and put it in my car. I showed my brother the radio as we pulled out. We
pulled out of the parking lot and went home. When we got home I worked on
Robert’s car for a while then I put the radio I stole in the dash of my car.
The report shows that Metcalf submitted a second written statement on August 15, 2008, to
the Tennessee Board of Probation and Parole. Metcalf provided a different description of
the theft in this second statement. He stated, “I saw a car thinking it was my half brother[’s]
car who lives in Tenn. So I was playing a joke on half brother Nikitta1 by taking his CD
palyer [sic] out of [his] car then later returning it to him.”
1
The name of Metcalf’s half brother is spelled differently in the two statements from the pretrial
diversion report.
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The report further confirmed that Metcalf committed four new offenses in Greenville,
South Carolina after he was released on bond. Each of these offenses occurred on November
24, 2008. He was nineteen years old at the time. Metcalf was found guilty of disturbing
schools, petit larceny, and two counts of grand larceny. For the grand larceny convictions,
he was sentenced to three years of probation. The sentences for disturbing schools and petit
larceny are not included in the report.
The report detailed several technical violations of Metcalf’s probation in South
Carolina including failure to provide proof of employment, failure to pay fees and failure to
perform court ordered community service. The report stated that Metcalf had previously
used marijuana, did not drink alcohol, and was in “excellent” mental and physical health.
Metcalf dropped out of high school in the tenth grade, but he claimed to have obtained his
G.E.D., which could not be verified.
The only witness to testify at the hearing was Metcalf’s mother, Rita Lewis Metcalf.
She lived with Metcalf in Greenville, South Carolina. She claimed Metcalf was up to date
on his restitution payments, had obtained full-time employment at a paint store, and
acknowledged that the probation officer had not received verification of Metcalf’s
employment.
Following the testimony, the trial court noted the two felony offenses that Metcalf
committed in South Carolina while on bond and denied probation for the burglary conviction.
The record shows the trial court recognized that Metcalf was a “young offender” and that the
instant offense involved “property crimes.” The trial court stated: “The Defendant’s record
is not good. But, we’re facing prison overcrowdedness [sic]. It is a nonviolent offense.
He–except for his other state problems, he would have probably been eligible for diversion.”
Following the trial court’s denial of alternative sentencing, Metcalf filed a timely notice of
appeal.
ANALYSIS
Metcalf claims the trial court erred in denying alternative sentencing for the burglary
conviction. He asserts the trial court did not consider the principles of sentencing or the
relevant facts and circumstances. Metcalf contends that confinement was not warranted
because of his limited criminal record, his explanation for the offense, and the nonviolent
nature of the offense. He also argues that the trial court failed to consider several mitigating
factors, including his employment and his lack of substance abuse. In response, the State
claims the record supports the denial of an alternative sentence. It argues that confinement
was appropriate because Metcalf committed several offenses while on bond and refused to
take responsibility for the burglary. The State contends Metcalf has already shown that he
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cannot meet the demands of probation. It refers to his unsuccessful placement on bond and
his violation status in South Carolina. We agree with the State.
Standard of Review. On appeal, we must review issues regarding the length and
manner of service of a sentence de novo with a presumption that the trial court’s
determinations are correct. T.C.A. § 40-35-401(d) (2009). Nevertheless, “the presumption
of correctness which accompanies the trial court’s action is conditioned upon the affirmative
showing in the record that the trial court considered the sentencing principles and all relevant
facts and circumstances.” State v. Ashby, 823 S.W.2d 166, 169 (Tenn. 1991). The defendant
has the burden of showing the impropriety of the sentence. T.C.A. § 40-35-401(d) (2009),
Sentencing Commission Comments. Here, the record shows that the trial court considered
the sentencing principles and all of the relevant facts and circumstances; therefore, our
review is de novo with a presumption of correctness. See Ashby, 823 S.W.2d at 169.
A defendant is eligible for probation if the actual sentence imposed upon the
defendant is ten years or less and the offense for which the defendant is sentenced is not
specifically excluded by statute. See T.C.A. § 40-35-303(a) (2009). The trial court shall
automatically consider probation as a sentencing alternative for eligible defendants; however,
the defendant bears the burden of proving his or her suitability for probation. T.C.A. §
40-35-303(b) (2009). No criminal defendant is automatically entitled to probation as a matter
of law. Id., Sentencing Commission Comments; see State v. Davis, 940 S.W.2d 558, 559
(Tenn. 1997). Rather, the defendant must demonstrate that probation would serve the ends
of justice and the best interests of both the public and the defendant. See State v. Souder,
105 S.W.3d 602, 607 (Tenn. Crim. App. 2002) (citation omitted). In this case, Metcalf was
eligible for probation because his sentence for burglary was less than ten years and burglary
is not an offense that is specifically excluded by statute. See T.C.A. § 40-35-303(a).
When considering probation, the trial court should look to the nature and
circumstances of the offense, the defendant’s criminal record, the defendant’s background
and social history, his present condition, including physical and mental condition, the
deterrent effect on the defendant, and the best interests of the defendant. See State v.
Kendrick, 10 S.W.3d 650, 656 (Tenn. Crim. App. 1999) (citing State v. Grear, 568 S.W.2d
285, 286 (Tenn. 1978)). The court should also consider the potential for rehabilitation or
treatment of the defendant in determining the appropriate sentence. See T.C.A. §
40-35-103(5) (2009). Moreover, our supreme court has held that truthfulness is a factor
which the court may consider in deciding whether to grant or deny probation. State v. Bunch,
646 S.W.2d 158, 160 (Tenn. 1983) (citing State v. Poe, 614 S.W.2d 403, 404 (Tenn. Crim.
App. 1981)).
In determining whether to deny alternative sentencing and impose a sentence of total
confinement, the trial court must consider if:
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(A) Confinement is necessary to protect society by restraining a defendant who
has a long history of criminal conduct;
(B) Confinement is necessary to avoid depreciating the seriousness of the
offense or confinement is particularly suited to provide an effective deterrence
to others likely to commit similar offenses; or
(C) Measures less restrictive than confinement have frequently or recently
been applied unsuccessfully to the defendant[.]
T.C.A. § 40-35-103(1)(A)-(C) (2009). See also Ashby, 823 S.W.2d at 169. The trial court
should also consider the mitigating and enhancement factors set forth in Tennessee Code
Annotated sections 40-35-113 and -114 (2009). T.C.A. § 40-35-210(b)(5) (2009); State v.
Boston, 938 S.W.2d 435, 438 (Tenn. Crim. App. 1996). Finally, the sentence imposed
should be the least severe measure necessary to achieve its purpose. T.C.A. § 40-35-103(4)
(2009).
Here, the trial court denied probation for the burglary offense and imposed a one-year
sentence of confinement to be served at 30 percent. The record supports the trial court’s
denial of an alternative sentence. The primary basis for the denial was that Metcalf
committed four additional criminal offenses while released on bond in the instant case, two
of which were felonies. The pre-trial diversion report was also introduced at the hearing and
supported the trial court’s denial of probation. It showed Metcalf’s lack of candor regarding
the offense as well as his inability to comply with the requirements of his existing probation
imposed by the South Carolina authorities. Based on these considerations, we conclude that
the trial court did not err in denying probation for the burglary conviction. Metcalf has not
met his burden of proving that his sentence was improper. See T.C.A. §§ 40-35-401(d), -
303(b). Accordingly, he is not entitled to relief.
CONCLUSION
Based on the foregoing, the judgment of the trial court is affirmed.
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CAMILLE R. McMULLEN, JUDGE
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