The opinion
IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
FOR THE WESTERN DISTRICT OF PENNSYLVANIA
CHRISTOPHER L. TIBBS, )
)
Petitioner, )
)
v. ) Case No. 1:20-cv-6-SPB-RAL
)
FCI McKEAN, )
)
Respondent. )
MEMORANDUM OPINION
United States District Judge Susan Paradise Baxter
I. Background
The Petitioner in this case, Christopher L. Tibbs (“Tibbs”), is a federal inmate currently
housed at FCI-McKean. On November 15, 2021, this Court entered a Memorandum Order
denying his petition for a writ of habeas corpus under 28 U.S.C. §2241. ECF No. 15.
In his petition, Tibbs challenged his loss of good time credit, which resulted from an
incident in which he was found to have been in possession of a Schedule I controlled substance.
Tibbs claimed in his petition that he was denied due process in numerous ways, i.e.: (1) his
Discipline Hearing Officer (“DHO”) was not an impartial decision maker; (2) the DHO refused
to preserve or review the video footage of the incident; (3) FCI McKean staff did not follow
BOP policy with respect to chain of custody; and (4) the Unit Discipline Committee did not hold
Petitioner’s initial hearing within five days of the violation, in contravention of FCI McKean’s
program statement. ECF No. 5.
On October 22, 2021, U.S. Magistrate Judge Richard A. Lanzillo issued a Report and
Recommendation concluding that Tibbs’ §2241 claims should be denied. ECF No. 14. Judge
Lanzillo opined that: Tibbs had failed to present any evidence of bias on the part of the DHO;
Tibbs’ claim that video evidence was not available and/or had not been considered by the DHO
was belied by the record; there was evidence in the record to support the DHO’s determination
that Tibbs had committed the offense in question; Tibbs failed to demonstrate that prison staff
violated internal prison policies; and, in any event, Tibbs had received all of the process to which
he was entitled under Wolff v. McDonnell, 418 U.S. 539, 563-67 (1974).
Tibbs declined to file objections to the Report and Recommendation and, after de novo
review of the petition and documents in the case, along with the Report and Recommendation,
the undersigned adopted the R&R as its opinion, denied Tibbs’ petition, and ordered that the case
be closed.
The instant motion for reconsideration followed.
II. Discussion
“The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure do not explicitly provide for motions for
reconsideration; instead, such motions are treated as motions under Rules 59(e) or 60(b),
depending on the relief requested and the filing date.” Washington v. Gilmore, 852 F. App'x 639,
641 n.2 (3d Cir. 2021) (citing Wiest v. Lynch, 710 F.3d 121, 127 (3d Cir. 2013)). Under Rule
59(e), a party may file a motion to alter or amend a judgment within 28 days after the entry of
the judgment. Fed. R. Civ. P. 59(e). Grounds for relief include the following: (1) an intervening
change in the controlling law; (2) the availability of new evidence that was not available when
the court entered its judgment; or (3) the need to correct a clear error of law or fact or to prevent
manifest injustice. See United States ex rel. Schumann v. AstraZeneca Pharm. L.P., 769 F.3d
837, 848-49 (3d Cir. 2014).
Under Rule 60, the court may relieve a party from a final judgment or order based on the
following reasons:
(1) mistake, inadvertence, surprise, or excusable neglect;
(2) newly discovered evidence that, with reasonable diligence, could not have been
discovered in time to move for a new trial under Rule 59(b);
(3) fraud (whether previously called intrinsic or extrinsic), misrepresentation, or
misconduct by an opposing party;
(4) the judgment is void;
(5) the judgment has been satisfied, released, or discharged; it is based on an earlier
judgment that has been reversed or vacated; or applying it prospectively is no
longer equitable; or
(6) any other reason that justifies relief.
Fed. R. Civ. P. 60(b).
In this case, Tibbs invokes Rule 59(e), arguing that the Court committed clear error in
denying his petition for a writ of habeas corpus which, if not corrected, will result in manifest
injustice. Although Tibbs raises five points in his motion, the Court’s alleged errors boil down to
the following:
1. failing to consider that the Unit Discipline Committee Chairwoman, “Mrs. E. Whitmore,”
altered the underlying Incident Report that charged Tibbs with possession of a narcotic;
2. failing to acknowledge that Mrs. Whitmore’s actions violated certain policies of the
Bureau of Prisons;
3. failing to acknowledge that Mrs. Whitmore acted as an investigator and displayed bias
against Tibbs; and
4. failing to acknowledge the differing dates set forth in Boxes 13 and 15 in the Incident
Report.
These arguments are predicated on a minor discrepancy between the version of the
Incident Report that was initially served on Tibbs and the version that was later signed by
members of the Unit Discipline Committee (“UDC”) upon their disposition of the matter.
Tibbs’s initial version of the Incident Report reads as follows:
On 05/02/2017 at approximately 12:05 pm, Officer M. Shaffer conducted a search
of the gym [sic] inmate Tibbs, Christopher #49899-039 had in his possession. He
found (2) pre-marked sheets of paper 5 inch x 2 inch coated in an unknown
substance during the search. The item was sent to SIS, processed as evidence, and
sent to the Pennsylvania State Police Laboratory for drug identification. On
September 1, 2017 at 08:10 am, I received the lab results on the item in question,
and it tested positive for the synthetic cannabinoid MMB-FUBINACA an indole
carboxamide (Schedule I).
ECF No. 16-1. In the version signed by the UDC, the word “bag” is inserted next to the word
“gym” to indicate that “Shaffer conducted a search of the gymbag inmate Tibbs . . . had in his
possession.” ECF No. 16-2. According to Tibbs, Mrs. Whitmore violated prison policy (and
displayed bias) by acting as an “investigator” when she contacted the reporting staff member to
verify that he meant to write “gymbag.” Tibbs claims that prison policy required Mrs. Whitmore
to send the Incident Report back to the reporting staff member for a “re-write” rather than
“altering” it herself. Tibbs further avers that Mrs. Whitmore sent this “altered” report to the
Acting Discipline Hearing Officer, whom she allegedly “outranks.” ECF No. 16 at 2.
Tibbs’s arguments do not demonstrate any clear error on the part of this Court in
adopting the Report and Recommendation and denying his petition for a writ of habeas corpus.
The actions of Mrs. Whitmore, as described by Tibbs, do not demonstrate bias or constitute an
impermissible investigatory role, as Mrs. Whitmore did nothing more than correct an obvious
typographical error in the underlying Incident Report. To the extent Tibbs suggests he was
somehow precluded from preparing a proper defense because of the allegedly “altered” report,
his argument is specious. Even as originally written, the Incident Report gave Tibbs clear notice
concerning the nature of the charge against him, and the documentation shows that he was also
given the requisite 24-hour notice in advance of the UDC proceeding. To the extent any
technical violation of prison policy occurred, Tibbs has produced no evidence to show that he
was denied any of the due process rights to which he was entitled under Wolff v. McDonnell, 418
U.S. 539, 563-67 (1974). Moreover, and as previously discussed by the Magistrate Judge, there
was clearly “some evidence” to support the disciplinary charge against Tibbs. Accordingly,
Tibbs’s due process rights were not violated by any actions of the Unit Discipline Committee or
by the Disciplinary Hearing Officer’s decision. See ECF No. 14 at 6 (R&R); ECF No. 15 (Order
adopting R&R).
Tibbs also predicates his motion on a discrepancy in the dates that appear in two places
on the Incident Report: Box 13 and Box 15. It is not clear to the Court what Tibbs believes is
significant about this discrepancy. Box 13 refers to the date of the underlying incident – i.e.,
“09/01/2017,” which is the date on which the reporting staff member received the lab results and
thus became aware that Tibbs had been in possession of Schedule I controlled substance. Box 15
refers to the date on which the Incident Report was delivered to Tibbs – i.e., “11/6/17.” There is
no inconsistency regarding these dates as between the versions of the Incident Report that was
originally served on Tibbs and the version that contains the UDC’s disposition and signatures.
And, as explained above, Tibbs was plainly given the requisite 24-hour notice prior to the UDC’s
proceeding on November 8, 2017.
In sum, Tibbs has failed to point to any aspect of the Court’s November 15, 2021 ruling
that involves clear error or manifest injustice.
III. Conclusion
Based upon the foregoing reasons, Tibbs’s motion for reconsideration of the Court’s
November 15, 2021 Order will be denied.
An appropriate order follows.
_____________________________
SUSAN PARADISE BAXTER
United States District Judge
cm: Christopher L. Tibbs
49899-039
McKean Federal Correctional Institution
Inmate Mail/Parcels
P.O. Box 8000
Bradford, PA 16701
(Via U.S Mail)
Jacqueline Brown, Esq.
(via CM/ECF)
The Honorable Richard A. Lanzillo
(via CM/ECF)