The opinion
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
NORTHERN DISTRICT OF OHIO
:
AURORA PLASTICS GROUP, : CASE NO. 5:23-cv-01269
INC., :
: ORDER
Plaintiff, : [Resolving Doc. 11]
:
v. :
:
PETRO PLASTICS CO., INC., :
:
Defendant. :
JAMES S. GWIN, UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT JUDGE:
In this breach of contract case, Plaintiff Aurora Plastics Group, Inc. (Aurora Plastics)
seeks default judgment against Defendant Petro Plastics Co., Inc. (Petro Plastics) totaling
$495,689.20, plus legally allowed pre- and post-judgment interest. For the following
reasons, the Court GRANTS default judgment.
I. DISCUSSION
By defaulting, Defendant Petro Plastics admits Plaintiff Aurora Plastics’ allegations,
and so the Court therefore accepts the facts in Aurora Plastics’ complaint as true.
Plaintiff Aurora Plastics is an Ohio corporation that sells plastic polymers to United
States customers.1 Defendant Petro Plastics is an Aurora Plastics customer.2 From October
13, 2022, through April 26, 2023, Aurora Plastics supplied various products to Petro Plastics
over the course of eighteen purchase orders.3 Petro Plastics agreed to pay for the products;
1 Doc. 1, ¶ 1.
2 , ¶ 2.
when Petro Plastics did not pay, it promised Aurora Plastics that it would do so in the near
future.4
Petro Plastics apparently never paid Aurora Plastics.
On June 27, 2023, Aurora Plastics sued Petro Plastics to recover the $495,689.20 for
the yet-unpaid-for products that Aurora Plastics supplied to Petro Plastics.5 However, months
passed without Aurora Plastics serving Petro Plastics with the summons and complaint.
On November 6, 2023, the Court ordered Aurora Plastics to show cause for failure to
serve Petro Plastics.6 Aurora Plastics then filed proof of service dated October 20, 2023.7
Petro Plastics never responded.
So, on February 7, 2024, the Court ordered Aurora Plastics to show cause for failure
to move for default judgment or, alternatively, requested Aurora Plastics to submit an
appropriate motion for default judgment.8
On February 21, 2024, Aurora Plastics requested that the Clerk enter default judgment
against Petro Plastics.9 The Clerk entered default on March 4, 2024.10
Aurora Plastics also filed its motion for default judgment on February 21, 2024.11
Petro Plastics has not timely filed an opposition.12
4 Doc. 1, ¶¶ 7, 9.
5 Doc. 1.
6 Doc. 11.
7 Doc. 6, PageID #: 41-43; Doc. 7, PageID #: 44.
8 Doc. 9.
9 Doc. 10.
10 Doc. 12.
11 Doc. 11.
12 Local Rule 7.1(d) provides that “each party opposing a motion must serve and file a memorandum in opposition within
II. DISCUSSION
Default judgment follows a two-step process. First, a plaintiff must ask the Clerk to
enter default.13 Once the Clerk enters default, the plaintiff may apply for default judgment
under one of two procedures.14
Under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 55(b)(1), if the plaintiff seeks judgment “for
sum certain or a sum that can be made certain by computation,” the plaintiff can ask the
Clerk to enter default judgment.15 Otherwise, the plaintiff must file a motion with the Court
under Rule 55(b)(2).16
In this case, Plaintiff Aurora Plastics moved for default judgment under Rule 55(b)(1)
but addressed its motion to the Court.17 So, the Court construes the motion as made under
Rule 55(b)(2).
Before a court can grant default judgment under Rule 55(b)(2), it must “determine
whether [the] facts are sufficient to state a claim for relief” when accepting all well-pleaded
factual allegations as true.”18 A plaintiff moving for default judgment must also provide
damages evidence that allows the court to determine the amount of damages with
“reasonable certainty.”19 The plaintiff may use affidavits as damages evidence.20
Plaintiff Aurora Plastics has sufficiently pled facts to state a claim for relief against
Defendant Petro Plastics. Aurora Plastics alleges that it sold products to Petro Plastics on
account and that Petro Plastics agreed to pay in full within thirty days of the products’
13 Fed. R. Civ. P. 55(a).
14 Fed. R. Civ. P. 55(b).
15 Fed. R. Civ. P. 55(b)(1).
16 Fed. R. Civ. P. 55(b)(2).
17 Doc. 7, PageID #: 53.
18 , No. 1:21-cv-00653, 2022 WL 592945, at *1 (N.D. Ohio Feb. 28, 2022) (citation
omitted).
19 at *2 (citations omitted).
shipment.21 However, Petro Plastics did not pay for the products, despite Aurora Plastics’
demands.22
Aurora Plastics shows evidence of purchase invoices and Terms and Conditions of
sale between it and Defendant Petro Plastics, that establish that payment for the products is
due within thirty days of shipment.23 This is enough to establish Petro Plastics’ default
judgment liability for Aurora Plastics’ breach of contract claim.
Plaintiff Aurora Plastics has also offered damages evidence. Aurora Plastics attaches
copes of original invoices that it issued to Petro Plastics.24 According to an affidavit by Aurora
Plastics’ Corporate Controller, Petro Plastics still owes an outstanding balance of
$495,689.20 on those invoices.25 And, Aurora Plastics provides a Customer Account
Statement for Petro Plastics dated June 2, 2023, showing Petro Plastics owing the same
amount.26
The Court therefore GRANTS default judgment on Plaintiff Aurora Plastics’ claims for
breach of contract for this amount.
Plaintiff Aurora Plastics also seeks pre- and post-judgment interest as allowed by law.
“In diversity cases in this Circuit, federal law controls post-judgment interest but state law
governs awards of prejudgment interest.”27
In Ohio, prejudgment interest is governed by Ohio Revised Code § 1343.03, which
provides, in pertinent part, that “when money becomes due and payable upon . . . any book
21 Doc. 1, ¶ 12; Doc. 1-1, PageID #: 6.
22 , ¶ 7.
23 Doc. 11-2, PageID #: 5878.
24 Doc. 11-3, PageID #: 61-78.
25 Doc. 11-1, ¶ 5.
26 Doc. 11-4, PageID #: 79./
27 , 421 F.3d 400, 409 (6th Cir. 2005) (quoting
account . . . the creditor is entitled to interest at a rate per annum determined pursuant to
section 5703.47 of the Revised Code, unless a written contract provides a different rate of
interest.”28
The Terms and Conditions of Aurora Plastics’ invoice to Petro Plastics state that
“[i]nterest is charged on past due accounts at 1.5% per month or such other maximum rate
allowed by law.”29 This contractual rate is greater than the Ohio statutory prejudgment
interest rate30 and is not prohibited by law.31 So, the Court GRANTS Plaintiff Aurora Plastics
prejudgment interest at the contractual rate.
Under federal law, post-judgment interest is prescribed by statue at the rate “equal to
the weekly average 1-year constant maturity Treasury yield, as published by the Board of
Governors of the Federal Reserve System, for the calendar week preceding the date of
judgment.”32 While parties may contract around this statutory post-judgment rate, federal
law requires that “language expressing an intent that a particular interest rate apply to
judgments or judgment debts” to be “clear, unambiguous and unequivocal.”33 A default
interest rate, like the one described in the Terms and Conditions here, “without more, does
not amount to a post-judgment rate of interest” or an agreement to supplant the statutory rate
with such.34
Accordingly, the Court GRANTS Plaintiff Aurora Plastics post-judgment interest at the
applicable federal statutory rate from the date of this Order until the judgment is satisfied.
28 R.C. § 1343.03(A).
29 Doc. 11-2, PageID #: 59.
30 , Ohio Dep’t of Taxation, https://tax.ohio.gov/researcher/interest-rates (last visited Apr. 9,
2024).
31 R.C. § 1342.01(B)(1) (parties may agree to interest rates over eight percent annually if the principal is over $100,000).
32 28 U.S.C. § 1961.
33 , 603 F.3d 144, 148 (6th Cir. 2010) (citation omitted).
34 , No. 09-cv-13421, 2009 WL 4646894, at *4 (E.D. Mich. Dec 8, 2009) (citing
III. CONCLUSION
For the foregoing reasons, the Court GRANTS Plaintiff Aurora Plastics’ motion for
default judgment. Defendant Petro Plastics is ORDERED to pay Plaintiff Aurora Plastics
$495,689.20 along with prejudgment and post-judgment interest at the applicable statutory
rates, set forth in the Court’s Order.
IT IS SO ORDERED.
Dated: April 10, 2024
JAMES S. GWIN
UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE