The opinion
Not for Publication
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
DISTRICT OF NEW JERSEY
LAKISHA BANKS,
Plaintiff, Civil Action No. 19-9367
v. OPINION & ORDER
FBI, UNION COUNTY POLICE, et al.,
Defendants.
John Michael Vazquez, U.S.D.J.
Plaintiff Lakisha Banks brings this action in forma pauperis pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915.
D.E. 1. For the reasons discussed below, the Court GRANTS Plaintiffs application to proceed in
forma pauperis but DISMISSES Plaintiff's Second Amended Complaint! pursuant to 28 U.S.C.
§ 1915(e)(2)(B)(ii).
Under Section 1915, this Court may excuse a litigant from prepayment of fees when the
litigant “establish[es] that he is unable to pay the costs of his suit.” Walker v. People Express
Airlines, Inc., 886 F.2d 598, 601 (3d Cir. 1989). Plaintiff has sufficiently established her inability
to pay for the costs of her suit and the Court grants Plaintiff's motion to proceed in forma pauperis
without prepayment of fees or costs.
When allowing a plaintiff to proceed in forma pauperis, a court must review the complaint
and dismiss the action if it (1) is frivolous or malicious, (ii) fails to state a claim upon which relief
' Plaintiff filed her original Complaint, D.E. 1; her First Amended Complaint, D.E. 3; and her
Second Amended Complaint, D.E. 4; before the Court could perform the necessary screening of
the pleading. As a result, the Court reviews the most recent pleading, D.E. 4, in conducting the
current review.
may be granted, or (iii) seeks monetary relief against a defendant who is immune. 28 U.S.C. §
1915(e)(2)(B). When considering dismissal under Section 1915(e)(2)(B)(ii) for failure to state a
claim upon which relief can be granted, the Court must apply the same standard of review as that
for dismissing a complaint under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b)(6). Schreane v. Seana,
506 F. App’x 120, 122 (3d Cir. 2012). To state a claim that survives a Rule 12(b)(6) motion to
dismiss, a complaint must contain “enough facts to state a claim to relief that is plausible on its
face.” Bell Atlantic Corp, v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 570 (2007). “A claim has facial plausibility
when the plaintiff pleads factual content that allows the court to draw the reasonable inference that
the defendant is liable for the misconduct alleged.” Ashcroft v. Igbal, 556 U.S. 662, 678 (2009).
Because Plaintiff is proceeding pro se, the Court construes the pleading liberally and holds the
pleading to a less stringent standard than those filed by attorneys. Haines v. Kerner, 404 U.S, 519,
520 (1972). “The Court need not, however, credit a pro se plaintiff's ‘bald assertions’ or ‘legal
conclusions.’” D'Agostino v. CECOM RDEC, 2010 WL 3719623, at *1 (D.N.J. Sept. 10, 2010).
Plaintiff names as Defendants the FBI, Union County Police, New York State Police, the
State of New Jersey, New Jersey State Police, and all government entities. D.E. 4 (“Second
Amended Complaint” or “SAC”.
Under the Eleventh Amendment, “[t]he judicial power of the United States shall not be
construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one of the
United States by Citizens of another State, or by Citizens or Subjects of any Foreign State.” U.S.
Const. amend. XL. The Eleventh Amendment protects states, as well as their agencies and
departments, from suit in federal court. Pennhurst State Sch. & Hosp. v. Halderman, 465 U.S. 89,
100 (1984). This immunity also extends to state employees acting in their official capacities. See
id, at 101. For example, the New Jersey State Police and the Attorney General’s Office are
“indisputably agencies and departments, or ‘subunits of the State,’ entitled to Eleventh
Amendment immunity[.]” Hockaday v. New Jersey Att'y Gen.'s Office, 2016 WL 6694483, at *6
(D.N.J. Nov. 14, 2016) (quoting New Jersey Sand Hill Band of Lenape & Cherokee Indians v.
Corzine, 2010 WL 2674565, at *7 (D.N.J. June 30, 2010)). Sovereign immunity is “subject to
three exceptions: 1) congressional abrogation, 2) state waiver, and 3) suits against individual state
officers for prospective relief to end an ongoing violation of federal law.” See MCI Telecomm.
Corp. v. Bell Atlantic-Pennsylvania, 271 F.3d 491, 503 (3d Cir. 2001). Plaintiff has not cited or
analyzed any of the three exceptions. Moreover, the Court could not find a basis to potentially
apply any of the three exceptions. Accordingly, sovereign immunity applies to Defendants New
York State Police, the State of New Jersey, and New Jersey State Police. The Court dismisses
with prejudice the State of New Jersey, the New Jersey State Police, and the New York State
Police.
Similarly, sovereign immunity applies to Defendant FBI. ‘Without a waiver of sovereign
immunity, a court is without subject matter jurisdiction over claims against federal agencies or
officials in their official capacities.” Treasurer of NJ. v. U.S. Dep't of Treasury, 684 F.3d 382,
395 (3d Cir. 2012) (citing United States v. Mitchell, 445 U.S, 535, 538 (1980)). A waiver of
sovereign immunity “must be unequivocally expressed in the statutory text.” Lane v. Pena, 518
U.S. 187, 192 (1996). In Graham v. Rawiley, the court found the FBI immune from suit, because
the plaintiff failed to establish that Congress expressly waived sovereign immunity as to the
Section 1983 claims she asserted against the FBI. 2016 WL 7477756, at *5 (D.N.J. Dec. 29, 2016).
The FBI is also dismissed with prejudice based on sovereign immunity.
The Second Amended Complaint is difficult to read, and the allegations are not entirely
clear. Plaintiff appears to be asserting that her “civil rights and civil liberties” are being violated,
because she is being watched by the named Defendants. SAC at 3. She claims that she is being
surveilled by a tracking device, that her phone is being tapped, that someone is going through her
belongings, and that she is being followed every day. Jd. Plaintiff claims that she had to be
“hospitalized for an extended period of time” because of this situation and is now seeking a
hundred million dollars in compensation “due to the negligence of the officers.” /d. at 4. Plaintiff
includes no further explanation as to how these factual allegations relate to Defendants.
Plaintiff may be attempting to bring a claim pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983. Assuming that
Plaintiff is alleging a violation of her civil rights, she does not provide specific facts to sufficiently
allege a plausible claim of any violation of her rights. For example, if law enforcement is
conducting lawful surveillance of Plaintiff, there is no violation of Plaintiff's rights. Assuming
that Plaintiff is correct and that she is under surveillance, she does not clearly allege that unlawful
surveillance is occurring. Therefore, Plaintiff fails to plausibly state a claim against Defendants.
The Court dismisses Plaintiff's Second Amended Complaint pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §
1915{e)(2)(B)(ii).
A court must grant leave to amend a complaint “absent evidence that amendment would
be futile or inequitable.” Shane v. Fauver, 213 F.3d 113, 116-17 (3d Cir. 2000). An amended
complaint would be futile if it “would fail to state a claim upon which relief could be granted.” Jd.
at 115. In light of the noted deficiencies, the Court has real concerns that any attempt to amend
would be futile. However, because Plaintiff is proceeding pro se and is entitled to a more relaxed
standard of review than if she was represented by counsel, the Court will grant her an opportunity
to amend her pleadings and plausibly state her allegations.
For the foregoing reasons, and for good cause shown,
IT IS on this 27" day of June, 2019,
ORDERED that Plaintiffs application to proceed in forma pauperis is GRANTED; and
it is further
ORDERED that the Clerk of the Court is directed to file the Second Amended Complaint
without prepayment of the filing fee; and it is further
ORDERED that Defendants the FBI, New York State Police, the State of New Jersey, and
New Jersey State Police are DISMISSED with prejudice; and it is further
ORDERED that Plaintiffs Second Amended Complaint is DISMISSED without
prejudice pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e}(2)(B)(ii); and it is further
ORDERED that Plaintiff may file an amended complaint within thirty (30) days of receipt
of this Order and the accompanying Opinion, curing the noted defects. If Plaintiff fails to file an
amended complaint within thirty (30) days of receipt, dismissal of this case shall be with
prejudice.? In addition, if Plaintiff files an amended complaint but it is still deficient, this case
may be dismissed with prejudice; and it is further
ORDERED that the Clerk of the Court shall serve this Opinion & Order upon Plaintiff by
regular and certified mail return receipt.
N ZY OQNG I «K
? A dismissal with prejudice means that Plaintiff will not be able to bring any future action against
Defendants based on the allegations in the case.