Opinion

GlobalTap, LLC v. Petersen Manufacturing Co. Inc.

Court
District Court, N.D. Illinois
Filed
Dec 12, 2018
Cited by
0 cases
Authority
More cited than 20.8%

The opinion

IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF ILLINOIS

EASTERN DIVISION

GLOBALTAP, LLC, )

)

Plaintiff, )

)

vs. ) No. 1:18-cv-05383

)

PETERSEN MANUFACTURING )

CO. INC., CHRIS PETERSEN, MIKE )        Hon. Judge Charles

SIEMER, W.W. GRAINGER, INC., ) Charles Norgle

ZORO TOOLS, INC., PARK )

N’POOOL, INC., NEOBITS, INC., )

AND CAREFORDE SAFETY, INC. )

)

Defendants. )

Plaintiff’s Motion for Entry of Default Judgment against Defendant,

Park n’ Pool, Inc.

Plaintiff, GlobalTap, LLC, through its undersigned counsel, Patterson

Law Firm, LLC, and for its Motion for Entry of Default Judgment against

Defendant, Park n’ Pool, Inc., pursuant to Federal Rules of Civil

Procedure 55(a) and 55(b)(2), states as follows:

Facts

1. Plaintiff filed its Verified Complaint on August 8, 2018, asserting

claims against several defendants. (Dkt. # 1.)

2. As set forth in Plaintiff’s Verified Complaint, Plaintiff possesses

two design patents related to the design of free-standing outdoor water

bottle filling stations: D634,394 S (“’394 Patent”) and D646,348 S (“’348

Patent”). (Dkt. # 1 at ¶¶ 23-28.)

3. Plaintiff also owns two registered service marks, identified as the

Water Drop Mark (Registration No. 4,775,089) and the Word Mark

(Registration No. 4,920,350) in Plaintiff’s Complaint. (Dkt. # 1 at ¶¶ 29-

31.)

4. Count II of Plaintiff’s Verified Complaint asserts against Park n’

Pool, among others, infringement of the ‘394 Patent. Count IV of

Plaintiff’s Verified Complaint asserts against Park n’ Pool and Careforde,

among others, infringement of the ‘348 Patent. (Dkt. # 1 at Counts II and

IV.)

5. Count VI of Plaintiff’s Verified Complaint asserts against Park n’

Pool, among others, several Lanham Act violations. Specifically, Park n’

Pool has used and continues to use Plaintiff’s Word Mark and Water

Drop Mark on products sold in the United States, without license,

consent, or other authorization, and in relation to the marketing,

promotion, or advertising of the infringing products, including, but not

limited to, promoting the products as genuine GlobalTap products and

including the Word Mark and Water Drop Mark on the products,

manuals, and marketing materials. (Dkt. # 1 at ¶ 118.)

6. This unauthorized use of the Word Mark and Water Drop Mark is

likely to confuse consumers because it is used in conjunction with

GlobalTap’s patented designs, as well as other designs developed by

GlobalTap. (Dkt. # 1 at ¶ 119.)

7. Park n’ Pool’s use of Plaintiff’s Word Mark and Water Drop Mark

in conjunction with GlobalTap’s designs amounts to counterfeiting, in

that each of these Defendants is selling identical or substantially

indistinguishable products under the GlobalTap name and including the

Word Mark and Water Drop Mark without Plaintiff’s license, consent, or

authorization. (Dkt. # 1 at ¶ 120.)

8. Park n’ Pool acted and is acting willfully in disregard of Plaintiff’s

rights. (Dkt. # 1 at ¶ 120.)

9. Park n’ Pool was served with a Summons and the Verified

Complaint in this matter on October 8, 2018. See Affidavit of Peter

Evans, attached hereto as Exhibit A at ¶ 5.

10.As reflected in the Court’s docket, it has not appeared or filed a

responsive pleading. See Exhibit A at ¶ 7.

Analysis

11.This Court properly has jurisdiction over the claims raised

against Park n’ Pool pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 1331 and 1338(a), which

grants the district courts “original jurisdiction of any civil action arising

under any Act of Congress relating to patents . . . and trademarks.”

12.This Court properly has jurisdiction over Park n’ Pool pursuant to

Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 4 and 735 ILCS 5/2-209(a), because Park

n’ Pool has transacted business in Illinois by virtue of its advertising and

sales of products, including products marketed as GlobalTap products,

to individuals and entities located in Illinois. See uBID, Inc. v. GoDaddy

Grp., Inc., 623 F.3d 421, 423-24 (7th Cir. 2010).

13.Pursuant to Rule 55(a), “when a party against whom a judgment

for affirmative relief is sought has failed to plead or otherwise defend,

and that failure is shown by affidavit or otherwise, the clerk must enter

the party’s default.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 55(a). As set forth above, Park n’ Pool

was served on October 8, 2018. Pursuant to Rule 12(a)(1)(A)(i), Defendant

was to answer or otherwise plead within 21 days. Park n’ Pool has not

appeared or filed any responsive pleading. Accordingly, Plaintiff requests

for entry of default against Park n’ Pool.

14.Pursuant to Rule 55(b)(2), the Court may enter a default

judgment against the defaulting parties, which establishes as a matter of

law that the defaulting defendants are liable on each claim asserted

against them. United States v. Di Mucci, 879 F.2d 1488, 1497 (7th Cir.

1989). In addressing a motion for entry of default judgment, the Court

must take as true the factual allegations of the complaint. Black v. Lane,

22 F.3d 1395, 1399 (7th Cir. 1994).

15.Plaintiff has alleged that it possesses two valid, protected marks;

Park n’ Pool is not authorized to use the marks; and their use of the

marks is likely to cause confusion among consumers, which is sufficient

to establish a claim under the Lanham Act. Bliss Salon Day Spa v. Bliss

World, LLC, 268 F.3d 494, 496-97 (7th Cir. 2001).

16.Park n’ Pool’s infringement is apparent from its website, which

markets the counterfeit products to the public. See Exhibits E to

Plaintiff’s Verified Complaint (Dkt. # 1.) As of December 10, 2018, Park n’

Pool continued to list for sale on its website three product models

identified as GlobalTap products and including the Word Mark and

Water Drop Mark. See https://www.parknpool.com/search‐

v1610.php?search=water+bottle+filling+station&Search1=find (accessed on Dec. 10,

2018). It does so despite knowledge of Plaintiff’s claims.

17.Because Park n’ Pool has failed to defend itself in this action,

Plaintiff requests an entry of default judgment against it and requests an

award of statutory damages as authorized under 15 U.S.C. § 1117(c) for

its willful infringement and counterfeiting of Plaintiff’s Word Mark and

Water Drop Mark, as well as permanent injunctive relief as authorized

under 15 U.S.C. § 1116.

Damages

18.Under 15 U.S.C. § 1117(c), in cases involving counterfeit marks, a

plaintiff may elect to receive “not less than $1,000 or more than

$200,000 per counterfeit mark per type of goods or services sold, offered

for sale, or distributed, as the court considers just.” 15 U.S.C. §

1117(c)(1). If the counterfeiting is willful, statutory damages may be

awarded of up to “$2,000,000 per counterfeit mark per type of goods or

services sold, offered for sale, or distributed, as the court considers just.”

15 U.S.C. § 1117(c)(2).

19. Because information regarding Park n’ Pool’s sales and profits is

unavailable due to their failure to appear, statutory damages are

appropriate here. Lorillard Tobacco Co. v. S&M Cent. Serv. Corp., No. 03-

c-4986, 2004 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 22563, *9 (N.D. Ill. Nov. 8, 2004).

Statutory damages may be awarded without an evidentiary hearing.

Lorillard Tobacco Co. v. Montrose Wholesale Candies & Sundries, Inc.,

No. 03 c 5311, 2008 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 31761, *11 (N.D. Ill. Apr. 17,

2008). Further, courts have found defaulting defendants to have willfully

counterfeited the plaintiff’s marks based on the allegations in the

complaint. Deckers Outdoor Corp. v. Doe, No. 11 c 10, 2011 U.S. Dist.

LEXIS 119448, *13-15 (N.D. Ill. Oct. 14, 2011).

20. Plaintiff, here, requests the Court award a high statutory

damages amount. The Court “enjoys wide discretion” in determining a

statutory damages award, and may consider factors such as the difficulty

in proving actual damages, the circumstances of the infringement, and

whether the damages will serve as an effective deterrent. Chi-Boy Music

v. Charlie Club, 930 F.2d 1224, 1229 (7th Cir. 1991). A high damages

award is also proper when the infringing activity has expansive reach,

such as when the counterfeit products are marketed online. Coach, Inc.

v. Ocean Point Gifts, No. 12-cv-2254,2010 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 59003, *15-

16 (D.N.J. Jun. 14, 2010) and Burberry Ltd. v. Designers Imports, Inc.,

No. 07 Civ. 3997, 2010 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 3605, *28-29 (S.D.N.Y. Jan. 19,

2010). Further, Park n’ Pool’s infringement is willful, as evidenced by its

continued use of the Water Drop Mark and Word Mark on its website

months after this suit was filed.

21.Any statutory damages awarded must also serve as a sufficient

deterrent to ensure that the guilty party will not continue to infringe and

sell counterfeit goods. Sands, Taylor & Wood v. Quaker Oats Co., 34 F.3d

1340, 1348 (7th Cir. 1994).

22.Accordingly, for Park n’ Pool’s willful counterfeiting and

unauthorized use of Plaintiff’s Word Mark and Water Drop Mark, Plaintiff

requests a statutory damages award of $200,000 per mark, as permitted

by 15 U.S.C. § 1117(c), or a total of $400,000, as well as permanent

injunctive relief.

WHEREFORE, Plaintiff, GlobalTap, LLC, respectfully requests this

Honorable Court enter default and default judgment against Defendant,

Park n’ Pool, Inc., award statutory damages in the amount of $400,000

pursuant to 15 U.S.C. § 1117(c), and grant Plaintiff permanent injunctive

relief prohibiting defendant from selling counterfeit GlobalTap products,

and grant such other relief as the Court deems proper under the

circumstances.

Dated: 12/10/2018 Respectfully submitted,

/s/Peter J. Evans

Kristi L. Browne

Peter J. Evans

Patterson Law Firm, LLC

200 W. Monroe Street

Suite 2025

Chicago, Illinois 60606

Tel.: 312-223-1699

Fax: 312-223-8549

kbrowne@pattersonlawfirm.com

pevans@pattersonlawfirm.com

IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF ILLINOIS

EASTERN DIVISION

GLOBALTAP, LLC, )

)

Plaintiff, )

)

vs. ) No. 1:18-cv-05383

)

PETERSEN MANUFACTURING )

CO. INC., CHRIS PETERSEN, MIKE ) Hon. Judge Charles

SIEMER, W.W. GRAINGER, INC., ) Charles Norgle

ZORO TOOLS, INC., PARK )

N’POOOL, INC., NEOBITS, INC., )

AND CAREFORDE SAFETY, INC. )

)

Defendants. )

Affidavit of Peter J. Evans

I, Peter J. Evans, hereby state and aver to the following facts under

penalty of perjury:

1. My name is Peter J. Evans. I am over the age of eighteen and, if

called to testify, could competently testify to each of the facts set forth

herein.

2. I am an attorney with the Patterson Law Firm, LLC, which

represents Plaintiff, GlobalTap, LLC in this matter.

3. On or about August 8, 2018, Plaintiff filed its Verified Complaint

in this case, asserting certain claims against, among others, Defendant,

Park n’ Pool, Inc.

4. Summons was issued to Park n’ Pool, Inc. on the same day.

EXHIBIT A

5. Park n’ Pool, Inc. was served with the Summons and Verified

Complaint on October 8, 2018 at 1:50pm by leaving a copy of same with

Brenda Fonner, President. See Affidavit of Service, attached hereto as

Exhibit 1.

6. As of December 10, 2018, Park n’ Pool, Inc. has not appeared or

filed any responsive pleading in this matter.

7. I have received no correspondence from Park n’ Pool, Inc., or from

anyone acting on their behalf.

8. As of December 10, 2018, Park n’ Pool continued to advertise

counterfeit GlobalTap products on its website.

FURTHER AFFIANT SAYETH NAUGHT.

TK

Date: December 10, 2018 C

Peter J. Evans

QJINE BBs? □□□ REDS SE BBR BAER LZR BR Be eS ee BN

ILLINOIS EASTERN DIVISION

GlobalTap, LLC,

Plaintiff(s), Case No.: 1:18 CV 5383

vs.

AFFIDAVIT OF SERVICE

Petersen Manufacturing Co. Inc., et al, 77 0 ie

Defendant(s). kts

KATHRYN F. KINZIE , being first duly sworn on oath, deposes and states the

following:

I am over the age of 18 and not a party to this action. I am an agent of ATG LegalServe, Inc.,

Illinois Department of Financial and Professional Regulation number 117.001494. I attempted

service of the within Summons in a Civil Case; Verified Complaint to Park n' Pool, Inc. ,

located at 50 Park Pl., Lexington, VA24450 resulting in the following:

[ x AUTHORIZED SERVICE: By leaving a copy of the Summons in a Civil Case;

Verified Complaint with:

NAME _ BRENDA FONNER

TITLE __ PRESIDENT _ __an individual of the

company willing and able to accept on behalf of the entity/respondent/witness on:

the__8 day of OCTOBER ,2018 1:50 PM

[| NON-SERVICE for the following reasons with the DATE and TIME of each attempt

listed along with a description of the attempt (attach a separate sheet if needed):

I

ff

A @

A description of person with whom the documents were left is as follows:

Sex:_F_ Race:_WHITE Approx. Age:45_ Height5'7" Weight:150__— Hair: BROWN

Noticeable

Features/Notes__ BROWN EYES, GLASSES _

The undersigned verifies that the statements set forth in this Affidavit of Service are true and correct.

et 4 ye: . . —_,

Signed and sworn to before me on .7 \cek J 3 rare)

this 9 _ day of OCTOBER t

18. KATHRYN F,. KINZIE

oi ) (Print Name)

□ US

ep pPACoH

S505 S206

CARRINGTO □

NOTARY PuBLiC CHT Tey Finn

Commonwealth of Virginia

My Comming’: #7269698

ion j

Apres 12/81/2038 EXHIBIT 1

United States District Court

Northern District of Illinois - CM/ECF LIVE, Ver 6.2.2 (Chicago)

CIVIL DOCKET FOR CASE #: 1:18-cv-05383

GlobalTap, LLC v. Petersen Manufacturing Co. Inc. et al Date Filed: 08/08/2018

Assigned to: Honorable Charles R. Norgle, Sr Jury Demand: Plaintiff

Cause: 35:271 Patent Infringement Nature of Suit: 830 Patent

Jurisdiction: Federal Question

Plaintiff

GlobalTap, LLC represented by Peter Joseph Evans

Patterson Law Firm LLC

200 W. Monroe

Suite 2025

Chicago, IL 60606

(312) 223-1699

Email: pevans@pattersonlawfirm.com

ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Kristi L. Browne

Patterson Law Firm PC

200 W. Monroe

2025

Chicago, IL 60606

(312) 223-1699

Email: kbrowne@pattersonlawfirm.com

ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

V.

Defendant

Petersen Manufacturing Co. Inc. represented by Peter D. Sullivan

Hinshaw & Culbertson LLP

151 N. Franklin Street

Suite 2500

Chicago, IL 60606

(312) 704-3102

Email: psullivan@hinshawlaw.com

LEAD ATTORNEY

ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Mark K. Suri

Hinshaw & Culbertson LLP

151 N. Franklin Street

(312) 704-3000

Email: msuri@hinshawlaw.com

ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Terrence Patrick McAvoy

Hinshaw & Culbertson LLP

151 N. Franklin Street

Suite 2500

Chicago, IL 60606

(312) 704-3000

Email: tmcavoy@hinshawlaw.com

ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Defendant

Chris Petersen represented by Peter D. Sullivan

(See above for address)

LEAD ATTORNEY

ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Mark K. Suri

(See above for address)

ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Terrence Patrick McAvoy

(See above for address)

ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Defendant

Mike Siemer represented by Peter D. Sullivan

(See above for address)

LEAD ATTORNEY

ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Mark K. Suri

(See above for address)

ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Terrence Patrick McAvoy

(See above for address)

ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Defendant

W.W. Grainger, Inc. represented by James J. Lukas , Jr

Greenberg Traurig, LLP

77 West Wacker Drive

Suite 3100

Chicago, IL 60601

LEAD ATTORNEY

ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Defendant

Zoro Tools, Inc. represented by James J. Lukas , Jr

(See above for address)

LEAD ATTORNEY

ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Defendant

Park n' Pool, Inc.

Defendant

Neobits, Inc.

Defendant

Careforde Safety, Inc.

Counter Claimant

Chris Petersen represented by Peter D. Sullivan

(See above for address)

LEAD ATTORNEY

ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Mark K. Suri

(See above for address)

ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Terrence Patrick McAvoy

(See above for address)

ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Counter Claimant

Petersen Manufacturing Co. Inc. represented by Peter D. Sullivan

(See above for address)

LEAD ATTORNEY

ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Mark K. Suri

(See above for address)

ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Terrence Patrick McAvoy

(See above for address)

ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Counter Claimant

Mike Siemer represented by Peter D. Sullivan

(See above for address)

LEAD ATTORNEY

ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Mark K. Suri

(See above for address)

ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Terrence Patrick McAvoy

(See above for address)

ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

V.

Counter Defendant

GlobalTap, LLC represented by Peter Joseph Evans

(See above for address)

ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

Kristi L. Browne

(See above for address)

ATTORNEY TO BE NOTICED

10/12/2018 24 | MINUTE entry before the Honorable Charles R. Norgle:Status hearing held on

10/12/2018. Agreed Written Status Report is due on 12/5/2018. Mailed notice

(ewf, ) (Entered: 10/12/2018)

10/09/2018 23 | STIPULATION of Dismissal of Defendant NeoBits, Inc., with prejudice

(Attachments: # 1 Notice of Filing)(Evans, Peter) (Entered: 10/09/2018)

10/08/2018 22 | ANSWER to counterclaim and affirmative defenses by GlobalTap, LLC

(Attachments: # 1 Notice of Filing Notice of Filing)(Evans, Peter) (Entered:

10/08/2018)

09/20/2018 21 | MINUTE entry before the Honorable Charles R. Norgle: Joint Motion for a Stay

of the Case as to Defendants W. W. Grainger, Inc. and Zoro Tools, Inc. 18 is

granted. The parties are not required to appear before the court on Friday,

September 21, 2018 Mailed notice (ewf, ) (Entered: 09/20/2018)

09/17/2018 20 | ANSWER to Complaint and Affirmative Defenses, COUNTERCLAIM filed by

Chris Petersen, Petersen Manufacturing Co. Inc., Mike Siemer against

GlobalTap, LLC . by Chris Petersen, Petersen Manufacturing Co. Inc., Mike

Siemer(Sullivan, Peter) (Entered: 09/17/2018)

09/17/2018 19 | NOTICE of Motion by James J. Lukas, Jr for presentment of motion to stay 18

before Honorable Charles R. Norgle Sr. on 9/21/2018 at 09:30 AM. (Lukas,

James) (Entered: 09/17/2018)

09/17/2018 18 | MOTION by Defendants W.W. Grainger, Inc., Zoro Tools, Inc. to stay /JOINT]

(Lukas, James) (Entered: 09/17/2018)

09/05/2018 17 | NOTICE by Peter Joseph Evans of Change of Address (Evans, Peter) (Entered:

09/05/2018)

09/05/2018 16 | NOTICE by Kristi L. Browne of Change of Address (Browne, Kristi) (Entered:

09/05/2018)

08/30/2018 15 | STIPULATION regarding motion for preliminary injunction, motion to expedite

7 (Sullivan, Peter) (Entered: 08/30/2018)

08/17/2018 14 | ATTORNEY Appearance for Defendants Chris Petersen, Petersen

Manufacturing Co. Inc., Mike Siemer by Mark K. Suri (Suri, Mark) (Entered:

08/17/2018)

08/17/2018 13 | ATTORNEY Appearance for Defendants Chris Petersen, Petersen

Manufacturing Co. Inc., Mike Siemer by Terrence Patrick McAvoy (McAvoy,

Terrence) (Entered: 08/17/2018)

08/17/2018 12 | ATTORNEY Appearance for Defendants Chris Petersen, Petersen

Manufacturing Co. Inc., Mike Siemer by Peter D. Sullivan (Sullivan, Peter)

(Entered: 08/17/2018)

08/17/2018 11 | MINUTE entry before the Honorable Charles R. Norgle: Motion hearing held on

8/17/2018. Motion for preliminary injunction and motion to expedite 7 are taken

under advisement. Counsel will submit an agreed order. A status hearing is set

for 10/12/2018 at 10:00 a.m. Mailed notice (ewf, ) (Entered: 08/17/2018)

08/17/2018 10 | ATTORNEY Appearance for Defendants W.W. Grainger, Inc., Zoro Tools, Inc.

by James J. Lukas, Jr (Lukas, James) (Entered: 08/17/2018)

08/09/2018 MAILED Patent report to Patent Trademark Office, Alexandria VA (ek, )

(Entered: 08/09/2018)

08/08/2018 NOTICE of Motion by Kristi L. Browne for presentment of motion for

preliminary injunction, motion to expedite 7 before Honorable Charles R.

Norgle Sr. on 8/17/2018 at 09:30 AM. (Browne, Kristi) (Entered: 08/08/2018)

08/08/2018 7 | MOTION by Plaintiff GlobalTap, LLC for preliminary injunction , MOTION by

Plaintiff GlobalTap, LLC to expedite discovery (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A)

(Browne, Kristi) (Entered: 08/08/2018)

08/08/2018 SUMMONS Issued as to Defendants Careforde Safety, Inc., Neobits, Inc., Park

n' Pool, Inc., Chris Petersen, Petersen Manufacturing Co. Inc., Mike Siemer,

W.W. Grainger, Inc., Zoro Tools, Inc. (lw, ) (Entered: 08/08/2018)

08/08/2018 CASE ASSIGNED to the Honorable Charles R. Norgle, Sr. Designated as

Magistrate Judge the Honorable Michael T. Mason. (pj, ) (Entered: 08/08/2018)

08/08/2018 | 6 Notice of Claims by GlobalTap, LLC (Browne, Kristi) (Entered: 08/08/2018)

08/08/2018 5 | NOTIFICATION of Affiliates pursuant to Local Rule 3.2 by GlobalTap, LLC re

complaint, 1 (Browne, Kristi) (Entered: 08/08/2018)

08/08/2018 4

ATTORNEY Appearance for Plaintiff GlobalTap, LLC by Peter Joseph Evans

(Evans, Peter) (Entered: 08/08/2018)

08/08/2018 3 | ATTORNEY Appearance for Plaintiff GlobalTap, LLC by Kristi L. Browne

(Browne, Kristi) (Entered: 08/08/2018)

08/08/2018 CIVIL Cover Sheet (Browne, Kristi) (Entered: 08/08/2018)

08/08/2018 1 | COMPLAINT filed by GlobalTap, LLC; Jury Demand. Filing fee $ 400, receipt

number 0752-14794759. (Attachments: # 1 Exhibit A, #2 Exhibit B, # 3 Exhibit

C, #4 Exhibit D, # 5 Exhibit E, # 6 Exhibit F, # 7 Exhibit G, # 8 Exhibit H, #9

Exhibit I)(Browne, Kristi) (Entered: 08/08/2018)

PACER Service Center

SF cour aesefaeae |_|

Login:

This is a copy of a public record, reproduced as it was published. It is not legal advice, and it may not be the version a court would rely on. Check the official source before you cite it.

A word about cookies

We need a few to keep you signed in and the library working. The rest help us see which pages people use and where they get stuck. They stay off unless you say yes.