The opinion
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8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT
9 SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA
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11 G & G CLOSED CIRCUIT EVENTS, Case No.: 18-cv-464-CAB-MDD
LLC,
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ORDER GRANTING IN PART
Plaintiff,
13 MOTION FOR ATTORNEYS’ FEES
v. AND COSTS
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DAVID GONZALEZ RUIZ a/k/a DAVID
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G. RUIZ, individually and d/b/a COTIJA [Doc. No. 65]
16 MEX GRILL a/k/a COTIJAS TACO
SHOP,
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Defendant.
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20 Before the Court is Plaintiff’s motion for attorneys’ fees and costs. [Doc. No. 65.]
21 The motion has been fully briefed and the Court deems it suitable for determination on the
22 papers submitted and without oral argument. See S.D. Cal. CivLR 7.1(d)(1). For the
23 reasons set forth below, the motion is granted in part.
24 I. BACKGROUND
25 Plaintiff G & G Closed Circuit Events, LLC initiated this action on March 2, 2018,
26 alleging violations of 47 U.S.C. §§ 605 and 553, conversion, and violation of Cal. Bus. &
27 Prof. Code § 17200 et seq., against Defendant David Gonzalez Ruiz individually, and doing
28 business as Cotija Mex Grill, also known as Cotijas Taco Shop. [Doc. No. 1.] The
1 complaint alleged that Plaintiff was granted the exclusive domestic commercial
2 distribution rights to the Golovkin v. Alvarez IBF World Middleweight Championship Fight
3 Program, which was telecast nationwide on September 16, 2017. [Id.] Plaintiff alleged
4 that on September 16, 2017, the program was publicly exhibited at Defendant’s
5 commercial establishment without an agreement with Plaintiff and that Defendant as sole
6 proprietor was responsible for the unauthorized exhibition of the program. [Id.] On August
7 28, 2019, at the conclusion of a three-day jury trial, a jury found that Plaintiff had proved
8 its claim against Defendant for violation of 47 U.S.C. § 605 and its claim for conversion,
9 the only claims presented at trial. On the verdict form, the jury awarded Plaintiff statutory
10 damages of $250 for violation of 47 U.S.C. § 605 and $2,500 for conversion. [Doc. No.
11 58.] In accordance with the jury’s verdict, the Court entered judgment for Plaintiff in the
12 amount of $2,750 on August 29, 2019. [Doc. No. 62.] Plaintiff now moves for attorneys’
13 fees in the amount of $43,913.20 and costs in the amount of $1,584.59. [Doc. No. 65.]
14 II. DISCUSSION
15 Under 47 U.S.C. § 605, the Court “shall direct the recovery of full costs, including
16 awarding reasonable attorneys’ fees to an aggrieved party who prevails.” 47 U.S.C. §
17 605(e)(3)(B)(iii). In light of the verdict, there is no dispute that Plaintiff is an aggrieved
18 party who prevailed and is therefore entitled to full costs and reasonable attorneys’ fees.
19 As for the fees, “[c]ourts first apply the lodestar method to determine a reasonable
20 fee and then may adjust any award up or down depending on various factors.” J & J Sports
21 Prods., Inc. v. Paz-Padilla, No. 3:12-CV-02228-GPC, 2013 WL 6002872, at *2 (S.D. Cal.
22 Nov. 12, 2013). “The lodestar is calculated by multiplying the number of hours the
23 prevailing party reasonably expended by a reasonable hourly rate.” Id. “‘Although in most
24 cases, the lodestar figure is presumptively a reasonable fee award, the district court may, if
25 circumstances warrant, adjust the lodestar to account for other factors which are not
26 subsumed within it.’” Camacho v. Bridgeport, 523 F.3d 973, 978 (9th Cir. 2008) (quoting
27 Ferland v. Conrad Credit Corp., 244 F.3d 1145, 1149 n. 4 (9th Cir. 2001). For example,
28 in limited circumstances, a district court may apply an across-the-board percentage to the
1 lodestar figure “as a practical means of trimming the fat from a fee application.” Gates v.
2 Deukmejian, 987 F.2d 1392, 1399 (9th Cir. 1992) (citation omitted).
3 Here, Plaintiff’s counsel spent a total of 126.32 hours divided among a partner at a
4 rate of $550/hour, a research attorney at a rate of $300/hour, an administrative assistant at
5 $110/hour, and counsel’s travel time at a rate of $275/hour. Dividing the total fees sought
6 ($43,913.20) by the total number of hours spent (126.32) yields a rate of $347.63/hour,
7 which the Court finds to be a reasonable blended rate for this geographic area. In support
8 of Plaintiff’s motion is attached a declaration of Plaintiff’s counsel, a record of the billable
9 hours spent on this case, a copy of the investigator bill, copies of the process server bills,
10 and copies of witness fee bills. The Court finds such documentation sufficient.
11 Defendant makes several unpersuasive arguments in favor of denying Plaintiff’s
12 motion altogether, or in the alternative, reducing the amount awarded to Plaintiff for
13 attorneys’ fees and costs. While Plaintiff’s request for attorneys’ fees may be significantly
14 higher than the amount of damages awarded, Plaintiff was successful on each of its claims
15 that proceeded to trial even though Plaintiff did not obtain the amount of damages it
16 initially sought. Further, both claims arose out of Defendant’s unauthorized exhibition of
17 the program and were in no way unrelated as Defendant appears to suggest. There is no
18 merit to Defendant’s contention that the fee award must be proportional to the degree of
19 success Plaintiff had in pursuing its claims because as just noted, Plaintiff was successful
20 on each of its claims. The Court is also not persuaded by Defendant’s contention that a
21 substantial attorneys’ fee award in this case would encourage other defendants in TV signal
22 piracy cases to ignore lawsuits and wait for default judgments because they would be better
23 off financially. In the Court’s view a more appropriate response to such a possibility would
24 be to follow the law appropriately and avoid facing such a consequence altogether.
25 Defendant also cannot now claim upon the completion of trial that Plaintiff forced needless
26 litigation when Defendant moved for summary judgment in this case disputing liability and
27 appears to have vigorously defended Plaintiff’s claims on multiple grounds throughout this
28 lawsuit. Had Plaintiff not prevailed on any of its claims at trial then this argument would
1 have more merit. Finally, Defendant’s Rule 68 argument is mistaken. “Where a Rule 68
2 offer explicitly states that it is inclusive of prejudgment interest and pre-offer costs and
3 attorneys’ fees, the judgment to which the offer is compared must include these items if
4 they are awarded.” Champion Produce, Inc. v. Ruby Robinson Co., Inc., 342 F.3d 1016,
5 1020 (9th Cir. 2003). As the Supreme Court has held in Marek v. Chesny, 473 U.S. 1
6 (1985), “The critical feature of [Rule 68] is that the offer . . . allows judgment to be taken
7 against the defendant for both the damages caused by the challenged conduct and the costs
8 then accrued.” 473 U.S. at 6 (emphasis in original). “A reasonable determination whether
9 to accept the offer can be made by simply adding [the amount in damages caused by the
10 challenged conduct and the costs then accrued] and comparing the sum to the amount
11 offered.” Id. at 7. Here, Defendant’s Rule 68 offer states, “the total judgment amount,
12 including recoverable costs and attorneys’ fees, which defendant shall be obligated to pay
13 shall be $6,000.00.” [Doc. No. 66-2 at 2.] As of the date of the offer, Plaintiff’s total costs
14 and attorneys’ fees exceed $8,000, and in addition to the judgment obtained the total of
15 these amounts would exceed $10,000. Accordingly, Defendant’s Rule 68 offer did not
16 exceed Plaintiff’s judgment amount and costs then accrued.
17 The Court is however wary of the fact that Plaintiff’s counsel is well accustomed to
18 these types of cases. As Plaintiff’s counsel states in his declaration he has “handled
19 thousands of commercial signal piracy files over the last decade and a half.” [Doc. No. 65-
20 2 at ¶ 6.] Defendant does not refer to any specific items, but contends that when it comes
21 to pleadings, preparation, and other documents, that Plaintiff’s counsel likely has several
22 templates in his arsenal that would require minimal time for a specific case. The Court
23 does not suggest that each of these cases is identical in all aspects but is nevertheless
24 concerned about awarding the full amount of fees requested. After an independent review
25 of Plaintiff’s counsel’s billing records and the allocation of hours, the Court will decrease
26 the requested amount of fees by fifteen percent in order to account for Plaintiff’s familiarity
27 with commercial signal piracy cases such as this case. Accordingly, the Court finds it
28 reasonable to award Plaintiff attorneys’ fees of $37,326.22.
1 As for the costs, 47 U.S.C. § 605 instructs that the court “shall direct the recovery of
2 || full costs...” 47 U.S.C. § 605(e)(3)(B)(i11) (emphasis added). For this language to have
3 || any meaning it must include costs that go beyond those to which Plaintiff would be entitled
4 the prevailing party in the absence of this provision. To that end, Plaintiff seeks costs
5 |/including investigative expenses ($650.00), filing fee ($400.00), service of process fees
6 ||($171.70), photocopy charges ($27.89), and investigator witness fees ($335.00), for a total
7 $1,584.59. These costs are allowed by law and reasonable.
8 Ht. CONCLUSION
9 For the reasons set forth above, it is hereby ORDERED that Plaintiff's motion for
10 |/attorneys’ fees and costs is GRANTED in part and awards Plaintiff $37,326.22 in
11 attorneys’ fees and $1,584.59 in costs.
12 It is SO ORDERED.
13 ||Dated: October 17, 2019 € □
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Hon. Cathy Ann Bencivengo
15 United States District Judge
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