Statutes and regulations

Possession of real property presumed from legal title--Occupation by another presumed subordinate to legal title

S.D. Codified Laws § 15-3-7 · South Dakota · Statutes

Title 15 › Chapter 3 › Section 15-3-7

In every action for the recovery of real property or the possession thereof, the person establishing a legal title to the premises shall be presumed to have been possessed thereof within the time required … adversely to such legal title for twenty years before the commencement of such action.

When mineral right owner may assert possessory action

La. Code Civ. Proc. art. 3665 · Louisiana · Statutes

Code code-of-civil-procedure › Article 3665

If the owner of a mineral right possesses his right by use or exercise according to its nature, he becomes entitled one year and a day from the date of commencement of his possession to assert the possessory … Thereafter, if there has been no adverse possession sufficient to include mineral rights, his right to assert the possessory action continues for one year from the date on which his right to bring the

View Statute 54-646

Neb. Rev. Stat. § 54-646 · Nebraska · Statutes

Chapter 54 › Section 54-646

affect the health of the pet animal at the time of sale or that is likely to adversely affect the health of the pet animal in the future; and (b) A record of any serious health problem that adversely … affects the pet animal at the time of sale or that is likely to adversely affect the health of the pet animal in the future

Section 35

215 ILCS 200/35 · Illinois · Statutes

Chapter 215 › Act 200 › Section 35

Personnel qualified to make adverse determinations of a prior authorization request. … The physician must: (1) possess a current and valid nonrestricted license in any United States

32-17-01. Action to determine adverse claims

N.D. Cent. Code § 32-17-01 · North Dakota · Statutes

Title 32 › Chapter 32-17 › Section 32-17-01

Action to determine adverse claims An action may be maintained by any person having an estate or an interest in, or lien or encumbrance upon, real property, whether in or out of possession thereof and … whether such property is vacant or unoccupied, against any person claiming an estate or interest in, or lien or encumbrance upon, the same, for the purpose of determining such adverse estate, interest

Section 322

Cal. CCP § 322 · California · Statutes

Code ccp › Part 2 › Title 2 › Chapter 2 › Section 322

instrument, decree, or judgment, or of some part of the property, under such claim, for five years, the property so included is deemed to have been held adversely, except that when it consists of a tract … divided into lots, the possession of one lot is not deemed a possession of any other lot of the same tract.

Adverse possessions or prescriptive easements not establishing title or rights to property

Ind. Code § 32-23-11-14 · Indiana · Statutes

Title 32 › Article 23 › Chapter 11 › Section 32-23-11-14

For purposes of this chapter, the following are not adverse possessions or prescriptive easements to the owner and do not establish title or rights to the real property: (1) Possession of a right-of-way … (3) Possession of a right-of-way by a responsible party (as defined in IC 8-4.5-1-17). [Pre-2002 Recodification Citation: 32-5-12-14.] As added by P.L.2-2002, SEC.8.

105.615 Action by tenant in common against cotenants

ORS § 105.615 · Oregon · Statutes

Title 10 › Chapter 105 › Section 105.615

Unless otherwise agreed or provided in a granting document, a tenant in common of real property may acquire fee simple title to the real property by adverse possession as against all other cotenants if … has paid all taxes assessed against such property while in possession.

95.13 Real property actions; possession by legal owner presumed.

Fla. Stat. § 95.13 · Florida · Statutes

Title VIII › Chapter 95 › Section 95.13

In every action to recover real property or its possession, the person establishing legal title to the property shall be presumed to have been possessed of it within the time prescribed by law. … The occupation of the property by any other person shall be in subordination to the legal title unless the property was possessed adversely to the legal title for 7 years before the commencement of the

§ 20.63 Personnel, medical, and similar files, disclosure of which constitutes a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy.

21 C.F.R. § 20.63 (2026) · Federal · Regulations

Title 21 CFR › Chapter I › Part 20 › Subpart D › § 20.63

disclosed by the Food and Drug Administration or by a manufacturer in possession of such reports in response to a request, demand, or order. … nor any manufacturer in possession of such reports shall be required to seek consent for disclosure from the voluntary reporter or the person identified in the adverse event report or that person's legal

Section 346

Cal. CCP § 346 · California · Statutes

Code ccp › Part 2 › Title 2 › Chapter 3 › Section 346

An action to redeem a mortgage of real property, with or without an account of rents and profits, may be brought by the mortgagor or those claiming under him, against the mortgagee in possession, or those … claiming under him, unless he or they have continuously maintained an adverse possession of the mortgaged premises for five years after breach of some condition of the mortgage.

§ 101-25.111 Environmental impact policy.

41 C.F.R. § 101-25.111 (2026) · Federal · Regulations

Title 41 CFR › Chapter 101 › Part 101-25 › Subpart 101-25.1 › § 101-25.111

qualities that have an adverse impact on the environment or that result in creating unsafe or unhealthy working conditions. … qualities that have an adverse impact on the environment or that result in creating unsafe or unhealthy working conditions. [39 FR 24505, July 3, 1974]

Presumption as to possession of land; exception.

Mich. Comp. Laws § 600.5867 · Michigan · Statutes

Chapter 600 › Act Act-236-of-1961 › Section 600.5867

In every action for the recovery or possession of real estate, the person establishing the legal title to the premises is presumed to have been in possession of the premises within the time limited by … law for bringing such action, unless it appears that the same has been possessed adversely to such legal title by the defendant or by those from or under whom he claims, or that the grantee, or his assigns

5-206 CONSTRUCTIVE POSSESSION.

Idaho Code § 5-206 · Idaho · Statutes

Title 5 › Chapter 2 › Section 5-206

Constructive possession. … law, and the occupation of the property by another person is deemed to have been under and in subordination to the legal title, unless it appears that the property has been held and possessed adversely

Occupation under written instrument or judgment; when deemed adverse

Nev. Rev. Stat. § 11.110 · Nevada · Statutes

Title 2 › Chapter 11 › Section 11.110

included in such instrument, decree, or judgment, or of some part of such premises, under such claim, for 5 years, the premises so included shall be deemed to have been held adversely, except that where … the premises so included consists of a tract divided into lots, the possession of one lot shall not be deemed a possession of any other lot of the same tract.

Who deemed seized.

Iowa Code § 557.1 · Iowa · Statutes

Title XIV › Chapter 557 › Section 557.1

All persons owning real estate not held by an adverse possession shall be deemed to be seized and possessed of the same.

Petitory action

La. Code Civ. Proc. art. 3651 · Louisiana · Statutes

Code code-of-civil-procedure › Article 3651

The petitory action is one brought by a person who claims the ownership of, but who does not have the right to possess, immovable property or a real right therein, against another who is in possession … or who claims the ownership thereof adversely, to obtain judgment recognizing the plaintiff's ownership.

Conveyance of interest in property by owner out of possession

S.D. Codified Laws § 43-25-2 · South Dakota · Statutes

Title 43 › Chapter 25 › Section 43-25-2

Any person claiming right or title to lands, tenements, or hereditaments, although he, she, or they may be out of possession, and notwithstanding there may be an adverse possession thereof, may sell, convey … , and transfer his or her interest in and to the same in as full and complete a manner as if he or she were in actual possession of the lands and premises intended to be conveyed; and the grantee or grantees

42-18304 Adverse occupation of land held by state under tax deed

A.R.S. § 42-18304 · Arizona · Statutes

Title 42 › Chapter 18 › Article 7 › Section 18304

Adverse occupation of land held by state under tax deed A. … of the state for possession of the property, and the county attorney shall commence and prosecute the action.

12-528 Persons under disability

A.R.S. § 12-528 · Arizona · Statutes

Title 12 › Chapter 5 › Article 2 › Section 528

If a person entitled to commence an action for recovery of real property, or to make any defense founded on the title to real property, is at the time the adverse possession commences or the title first … If a person entitled to commence an action for recovery of real property, or to make any defense founded on the title to real property, is at the time the adverse possession commences or the title first