AIR QUALITY DIVISION (2022)

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AIR QUALITY DIVISION

Environmental Programs Department

Southern Ute Indian Tribe

PO Box 737 MS#84

Ignacio, CO 81137

Phone 970-563-4705

http://www.southernute-nsn.gov/environmental-programs/air-quality

February 12, 2024

Mr. Chad Campbell

Manager, Air and Water Compliance

Public Service Company of Colorado

1800 Larimer Street, Suite 1300

Denver, CO 80202

Re:

Final Part 70 Operating Permit

Title V Permit #V-SUIT-0023-2022.00

Public Service Company of Colorado

Tiffany Compressor Station

Dear Mr. Campbell:

The Southern Ute Indian Tribe Air Quality Division (Tribe) has completed its review of Public Service

Company of Colorado (PSCo) request to renew a Title V Permit to Operate pursuant to the Title V

Operating Permit Program at 40 CFR Part 70, for the Tiffany Compressor Station.

Based on the information submitted in the company’s application, and the comments received during the

public comment period, the Tribe hereby issues the enclosed Title V Permit to Operate. The final permit

will become effective on February 12, 2024.

A 30-day public comment period was held from November 22, 2023 to December 22, 2023. The Tribe

received no comments from PSCo during this time and no comments were received from the public,

affected states, or tribes.

A 45-day Administrative Review period at EPA Region 8 was held from December 27, 2023 to February

10, 2024. No comments were received from EPA Region 8 during this review period.

During the Administrative Review period, the Tribe identified the need to remove the emergency

affirmative defense provisions from the permit, due to the EPA’s finalization on August 21, 2023, of

the rulemaking titled Removal of Title V Emergency Affirmative Defense Provisions From State

Operating Permit Programs and Federal Operating Permit Program. The final rulemaking

required permitting authorities with affirmative defense permit terms based on 40 CFR 70.6(g), to

remove the affirmative defense provisions from Title V operating permits by the next permit renewal

that occurs following the effective date of the EPA rulemaking. EPA Region 8 was notified of this

change to the draft permit.

Pursuant to RAC § 2-109(8), within 60 days after the final permit has been issued, the applicant, any

person who participated in the public comment process and is aggrieved by the action, and any other

person who could obtain judicial review of that action under applicable law, may appeal to the

Environmental Commission in accordance with the Southern Ute Indian Tribe/State of

Colorado Environmental Commission’s Reservation Air Code (RAC) and the Commission’s

Procedural Rules. Additionally, the regulations at RAC § 2-109(7) specify that any person may

petition the EPA Administrator within 60 days after the expiration of the Administrator’s 45-day

review period to make an

objection that the permit would not be in compliance with applicable requirements. Any such petition

must be based only on objections to the permit that were raised with reasonable specificity during the

public comment period unless the petitioner demonstrates that it was impracticable to raise such objections

within such period, or unless the grounds for such objections arose after such period.

If you have any questions concerning the enclosed permit, please contact Matt Wampler at 970-563-2202.

Sincerely,

Matt Wampler

Air Quality Program Manager – Permitting & Regulatory

Southern Ute Indian Tribe

Cc: Adam Eisele – EPA Part 70 Permit Program Oversight Lead – US EPA Region 8

Southern Ute Indian Tribe

Air Quality Division

Title V Operating Permit

Southern Ute Indian Tribe

Environmental Programs Department

Air Quality Division

71 Mike Frost Way

Ignacio, Colorado 81137

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL

TITLE V PERMIT TO OPERATE

In accordance with the provisions of Title V of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7661-7661f) and Part

1, Article II of the Southern Ute Indian Tribe/State of Colorado Environmental Commission’s

Reservation Air Code (RAC) and applicable rules and regulations,

Public Service Company of Colorado

Tiffany Compressor Station

is authorized to operate air emission units and to conduct other air pollutant emitting activities in

accordance with the conditions listed in this permit.

This source is authorized to operate at the following location:

Southern Ute Indian Reservation

Section 4, T32N R6W

La Plata County, Colorado

Terms not otherwise defined in this permit have the meaning assigned to them in the referenced

regulations. All terms and conditions of the permit are enforceable by the Tribe and citizens under

the Clean Air Act.

Daniel Powers, Air Quality Division Head

Environmental Programs Department

Southern Ute Indian Tribe

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL

TITLE V PERMIT TO OPERATE

Public Service Company of Colorado

Tiffany Compressor Station

SUIT Account Identification Code: 2-037

Permit Number: V-SUIT-0023-2022.00

[Replaces Permit No.: V-SUIT-0023-2018.01]

Issue Date: February 12, 2024

Effective Date: February 12, 2024

Expiration Date: February 12, 2029

The SUIT account identification code and permit number cited above should be referenced in

future correspondence regarding this facility.

Permit Issuance History

DATE

TYPE OF

ACTION

DESCRIPTION OF ACTION

PERMIT NUMBER

November 22, 2000

Initial Part 71

Permit Issued

# V-SU-0023-00.00

December 6, 2005

1st Renewal

Permit Issued

# V-SU-0023.05.00

November 2007

Minor

Modification,

Administrative

Amendments

# V-SU-0023-05.01

January 30, 2008

Administrative

Amendments

# V-SU-0023-05.02

May 18, 2011

2nd Renewal

Permit Issued

# V-SU-0023-2010.00

September 13, 2013

Initial Part 70

Permit Issued

Replace EPA –issued permit # V-SU-00232010.00

# V-SUIT-0023-2013.00

August 17, 2018

Part 70 Renewal

Permit Issued

Replaces # V-SUIT-0023-2013.00

# V-SUIT-0023.2018.00

November 30, 2021

Minor

Modification

February 12, 2024

2rd Part 70

Renewal Permit

Issued

•

•

•

•

•

•

Removed emission units D001, D002,

and D003.

Incorporated emission in D004

Incorporated emission units D001,

D002, D003

Removed emission unit D004 and E005

Added emission unit E006

Removed affirmative defense provisions

(Section II.1.13)

i

# V-SUIT-0023.2018.01

#V-SUIT-0023.2022.00

Table of Contents

Abbreviations and Acronyms ................................................................................................................................ iv

Section I – Source Information and Emission Unit Identification ............................................................................ 7

Source Information ..........................................................................................................................................7

Source Emission Points ....................................................................................................................................8

Section II – General Requirements ......................................................................................................................... 9

Title V Administrative Requirements ...............................................................................................................9

1.1.

Annual Fee Payment [RAC 2-110(1)(h) and RAC 2-118] ........................................................................9

1.2.

Compliance Requirements ..................................................................................................................11

1.3.

Duty to Provide and Supplement Information [RAC 2-110(7)(e), 2-106(5), and 2-124] ....................12

1.4.

Submissions [RAC 2-105] .....................................................................................................................13

1.5.

Severability Clause [RAC 1-106 and RAC 2-110(1)(f)] .........................................................................14

1.6.

Permit Actions [RAC 2-110(3)] ............................................................................................................14

1.7.

Administrative Permit Revision [RAC 2-111(2)] .................................................................................14

1.8.

Minor Permit Revisions [RAC 2-111(3)] ..............................................................................................14

1.9.

Significant Permit Revisions [RAC 2-111(4)] .......................................................................................15

1.10.

Permit Reopenings, Revocations and Reissuances, and Terminations [RAC 2-112] .........................16

1.11.

Property Rights [RAC 2-110(3)(e)] .......................................................................................................17

1.12.

Inspection and Entry [RAC 2-110(9)(b)] ..............................................................................................17

1.13.

[Reserved] ............................................................................................................................................17

1.14.

Permit Transfers [RAC 2-113] ..............................................................................................................17

1.15.

Off-Permit Changes [RAC 2-116(2)].....................................................................................................18

1.16.

Permit Expiration and Renewal ..........................................................................................................18

Facility-Wide Requirements...........................................................................................................................19

2.1.

General Recordkeeping Requirements [RAC 2-110(6)] ......................................................................19

2.2.

General Reporting Requirements .......................................................................................................20

2.3.

Alternative Operating Scenarios [RAC 2-110(8)] ................................................................................21

2.4.

Permit Shield [RAC 2-110(10)(c)].........................................................................................................23

2.5.

Stratospheric Ozone and Climate Protection [40 CFR Part 82] ..........................................................24

Section III – Site Specific Permit Terms ................................................................................................................ 25

New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) and 40 CFR Part 60 ..................................................................25

1.1.

40 CFR Part 60, Subpart JJJJ – Standards of Performance for Stationary Spark Ignition Internal

Combustion Engines [40 CFR 60.4230 – 60.4248, RAC 4-103] ..........................................................................25

National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) and 40 CFR Part 63 ...........................33

2.1.

40 CFR Part 63, Subpart ZZZZ – National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for

Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines [40 CFR 63.6580 – 63.6675, RAC 4-103] .....................................33

Reserved – Tribal Minor New Source Review ................................................................................................42

Reserved – Prevention of Significant Deterioration Requirements ...............................................................42

Reserved – Consent Decree Requirements ....................................................................................................42

Reserved – Compliance Assurance Monitoring (CAM) Requirements ...........................................................42

ii

Enhanced Monitoring, Recordkeeping, and Reporting..................................................................................42

Section IV – Appendix .......................................................................................................................................... 42

Inspection Information ..................................................................................................................................42

1.1.

Driving Directions: ...............................................................................................................................42

1.2.

Global Positioning System (GPS): .......................................................................................................43

1.3.

Safety Considerations: ........................................................................................................................43

iii

Abbreviations and Acronyms

4SLB

4SRB

AFS

AQD

bbl

BACT

CAA

CAM

CEMS

CFR

CMS

COMS

CO

CO2

dscf

dscm

EPA

gal

GPM

H 2S

HAP

hr

ID

kg

lbs

MACT

Mg

MMBtu

MMSCFD

mo

NESHAP

NMHC

NOx

NSPS

NSR

pH

PM

PM10

ppbvd

ppm

ppmvd

PSD

PTE

psi

psia

RAC

RICE

RMP

scf

scfm

SI

SO2

SUIT

tpy

Four-Stroke Lean-Burn

Four-Stroke Rich-Burn

Air Facility System database

Southern Ute Indian Tribe’s Air Quality Division

Barrels

Best Available Control Technology

Clean Air Act [42 U.S.C. Section 7401 et seq.]

Compliance Assurance Monitoring

Continuous Emission Monitoring System

Code of Federal Regulations

Continuous Monitoring System (includes COMS, CEMS and diluent monitoring)

Continuous Opacity Monitoring System

Carbon monoxide

Carbon dioxide

Dry standard cubic foot

Dry standard cubic meter

United States Environmental Protection Agency

Gallon

Gallons per minute

Hydrogen sulfide

Hazardous Air Pollutant

Hour

Identification Number

Kilogram

Pounds

Maximum Achievable Control Technology

Megagram

Million British Thermal Units

Million standard cubic feet per day

Month

National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants

Non-methane hydrocarbons

Nitrogen Oxides

New Source Performance Standard

New Source Review

Negative logarithm of effective hydrogen ion concentration (acidity)

Particulate Matter

Particulate matter less than 10 microns in diameter

Parts per billion by volume, dry

Parts per million

Parts per million by volume, dry

Prevention of Significant Deterioration

Potential to Emit

Pounds per square inch

Pounds per square inch absolute

Southern Ute Indian Tribe/State of Colorado Environmental Commission’s Reservation

Air Code

Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine

Risk Management Plan

Standard cubic feet

Standard cubic feet per minute

Spark Ignition

Sulfur Dioxide

Southern Ute Indian Tribe

Ton(s) Per Year

iv

Tribe

US EPA

VOC

Southern Ute Indian Tribe

United States Environmental Protection Agency

Volatile Organic Compounds

v

Table of Figures

Table 1 - Emission Units................................................................................................................. 2

Table 2 - Insignificant Emission Units ........................................................................................... 8

vi

Section I – Source Information and Emission Unit Identification

Source Information

Owner Name:

Facility Name:

Facility Location:

Latitude:

Longitude:

State:

County:

Responsible Official:

SIC Code:

ICIS Identification Number:

EPA Facility Registry ID:

Other Clean Air Act Permits

Public Service Company of Colorado

Tiffany Compressor Station

Section 4, T32N R6W

37.05054° N

-107.5121694° W

Colorado

La Plata

Chad Campbell – Manager, Environmental Services

4922

SU00000008067U0007

110055558962

None

Process Description:

The Tiffany Compressor Station conditions natural gas to pipeline quality for delivery to Xcel

Energy, Public Service Company of Colorado (PSCo) customers. The facility compresses natural

gas using three compressor engines and removes water from the gas stream using three

dehydrators. The gas is then odorized and delivered into a PSCo pipeline that provides gas to

Pagosa Springs, the San Luis Valley, and the PSCo mountain customers. This facility is classified

as a natural gas transmission facility defined under Standard Industrial Classification 4922.

The primary emission sources are three natural gas-fired four-stroke rich-burn (4SRB) spark

ignition (SI) compressor engines and three triethylene glycol (TEG) dehydrators.

7

Source Emission Points

Table 1 - Emission Units

Emission

Unit ID

Control

Equipment

Description

3 – White Superior 8G-825 (4SRB SI) Compressor Engines, 800 nameplate

rated hp

E001

Serial No.

21086

Install Date:

11/15/1974

E002

Serial No.

286139

Install Date:

01/01/1977

E003

Serial No.

274239

Install Date:

01/01/1980

None

2 – Triethylene Glycol (TEG) Dehydration Unit, 14 MMscf/day

D001

Serial No.

N/A

Install Date:

01/01/1974

D002

Serial No.

N/A

Install Date:

01/01/1974

None

1 – Triethylene Glycol (TEG) Dehydration Unit, 10 MMscf/day

D003

Serial No.

N/A

Install Date:

01/01/2003

Table 2 - Insignificant Emission Units

Emission

Unit ID

Amount

Description

Size

Units

D001, D002

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

D003

N/A

E006

N/A

N/A

2

2

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

5

2

Glycol Reboiler Burners for D001 and D002

Plastic Triethylene Glycol Above Ground Storage Tank

Oil Tank

Underground Used Oil Tank

Water / Oil Tank

Elastec Inc. Smart Ash Burner

TEG Reboiler for D003

Ethylene Glycol Coastal 50 Coolant Above Ground Tank

Generac Emergency Generator, (4SRB) 374 site rated hp

Separator Radiant Heaters

Window Mounted Air Conditioner

0.625

500

1,100

560

2,000

N/A

0.35

1,057

250

0.025

N/A

MMBtu/hr

gal

gal

gal

gal

N/A

MMBtu/hr

gal

KW

MMBtu/hr

N/A

8

Section II – General Requirements

Title V Administrative Requirements

1.1. Annual Fee Payment [RAC 2-110(1)(h) and RAC 2-118]

1.1.1. An annual operating permit emission fee shall be paid to the Tribe by the

permittee.

[RAC 2-118(2)]

1.1.2. The permittee shall pay the annual permit fee each year no later than April 1st for

the preceding calendar year.

[RAC 2-118(2)]

1.1.3. Fee payments shall be remitted in the form of a money order, bank draft, certified

check, corporate check, or electronic funds transfer payable to the Southern Ute

Indian Tribe and sent or delivered by the United States Postal Service c/o

Environmental Programs Department Part 70 Program, P.O. Box 737 MS #84,

Ignacio, Colorado 81137; or by common carrier (such as UPS or FedEx) c/o

Environmental Programs Department Part 70 Program, 398 Ouray Drive, Ignacio,

Colorado 81137.

[RAC 2-118(4)(a)]

1.1.4. The permittee shall send an updated fee calculation worksheet submitted annually

by the same deadline as required for fee payment to the address listed in the

Submissions section of this permit.

[RAC 2-118]

1.1.5. The permittee shall submit the initial fee calculation work sheet using the most

recent form provided by the Tribe.

[RAC 2-118(2)(c)]

1.1.6. Basis for calculating annual fee:

1.1.6.1.

Subtotal annual fees shall be calculated by multiplying the applicable

emission fee set pursuant to RAC § 2-119(1) of this code times the total

tons of actual emissions for each fee pollutant. In lieu of actual emissions,

annual fees may be calculated based on the potential to emit for each fee

pollutant. Emissions of any regulated air pollutant that already are

included in the fee calculation under a category of regulated pollutant,

such as a federally listed hazardous air pollutant that is already accounted

for as a VOC or as PM10, shall be counted only once in determining the

source’s actual emissions.

[RAC 2-119(2)(a)]

9

1.1.6.1.1.

“Actual emissions” means the actual rate of emissions in tpy of

any fee pollutant (for fee calculation) emitted from a Title V

source over the preceding calendar year or any other period

determined by the Tribe to be more representative of normal

operation and consistent with the fee schedule adopted by the Tribe

and approved by the Administrator. Actual emissions shall be

calculated using each emissions units actual operating hours,

production rates, in-place control equipment, and types of

materials processed, stored, or combusted during the preceding

calendar year or other period used for this calculation.

[RAC 1-103(2)]

1.1.6.1.2.

Actual emissions shall be computed using compliance methods

required by the permit.

[RAC 2-118(1)(b)]

1.1.6.1.3.

If actual emissions cannot be determined using the compliance

methods in the permit, the permittee shall use other federally

recognized procedures.

[RAC 2-118(1)(b)]

1.1.6.2.

The total annual fee submitted shall be the greater of the applicable

minimum fee or the sum of subtotal annual fees for all fee pollutants

emitted from the source.

[RAC 2-119(2)(b)]

[Explanatory note: The applicable emission fee amount and applicable minimum fee (if

necessary) are revised each calendar year to account for inflation, and they are available from

AQD prior to the start of each calendar year.]

1.1.6.3.

The permittee shall exclude the following emissions from the calculation

of fees:

1.1.6.3.1.

The amount of actual emissions of any one fee pollutant that the

source emits in excess of 4,000 tons per year.

1.1.6.3.2.

Any emissions that come from insignificant activities not required

in a permit application pursuant to RAC § 2-106(4).

[RAC 1-103(2)(c)]

1.1.7. Annual fee calculation worksheets shall be certified as to truth, accuracy, and

completeness by a responsible official.

[RAC 2-105 and RAC 2-118(2)(c)]

10

1.1.8. Failure of the permittee to pay fees by the due date shall subject the permittee to

assessment of penalties and interest in accordance with RAC § 2-118(6).

[RAC 2-118(6)]

1.1.9. When notified by the Tribe of underpayment of fees, the permittee shall remit full

payment within 30 days of receipt of an invoice from the Tribe.

[RAC 2-119(3)(b)]

1.1.10. A permittee who thinks a Tribe assessed fee is in error and who wishes to

challenge such fee shall provide a written explanation of the alleged error to the

Tribe along with full payment of the assessed fee.

[RAC 2-119(3)(c)]

1.2. Compliance Requirements

1.2.1. Compliance with the Permit

1.2.1.1.

The permittee must comply with all conditions of this part 70 permit. Any

permit noncompliance with federally enforceable or Commission-only

permit conditions constitutes a violation of the RAC and Clean Air Act

and is grounds for enforcement action; for permit termination, revocation

and reissuance, or revision; or for denial of a permit renewal application.

[RAC 2-110(3)(a)]

1.2.1.2.

It shall not be a defense for a permittee in an enforcement action that it

would have been necessary to halt or reduce the permitted activity in order

to maintain compliance with the conditions of this permit.

[RAC 2-110(3)(b)]

1.2.1.3.

All terms and conditions of this permit which are required under the Clean

Air Act or under any of its applicable requirements, including any

provisions designed to limit a source’s potential to emit, are enforceable

by the Administrator and citizens under the Clean Air Act, except terms

and conditions the permit specifically designates as not being federally

enforceable under the Clean Air Act that are not required under the Clean

Air Act or under any of its applicable requirements. Terms and conditions

so designated are not subject to the requirements of RAC §§ 2-108, 2-111,

2-112, other than those contained in this paragraph.

[RAC 2-110(3)(f)]

1.2.1.4.

This permit, or the filing or approval of a compliance plan, does not

relieve any person from civil or criminal liability for failure to comply

11

with the provisions of the RAC and the Clean Air Act, applicable

regulations thereunder, and any other applicable law or regulation.

[RAC 2-110(3)(g)]

1.2.1.5.

For the purpose of submitting compliance certifications in accordance

with the Compliance Certifications condition below of this permit, or

establishing whether or not a person has violated or is in violation of any

requirement of this permit, nothing shall preclude the use, including the

exclusive use, of any credible evidence or information, relevant to whether

a source would have been in compliance with applicable requirements if

the appropriate performance or compliance test or procedure had been

performed.

[Section 113(a) and 113(e)(1) of the Act, 40 CFR §§ 51.212, 52.12, 52.33, 60.11(g), and 61.12]

1.2.2. Compliance Certifications

1.2.2.1.

The permittee shall submit to the Tribe and the Administrator an annual

certification of compliance which shall certify the source’s compliance

status with all permit terms and conditions and all applicable requirements

relevant to the source, including those related to emission limitations,

standards, or work practices. The compliance certification shall be

certified as to truth, accuracy, and completeness by a responsible official

consistent with RAC § 2-110(9)(a). The certification of compliance shall

be submitted annually by April 1st and shall cover the preceding calendar

year in which the certification of compliance is due, except that the first

annual certification of compliance will cover the period from the issuance

date of this permit through December 31st of the same year.

[RAC 2-110(9)(c)]

1.2.3. Compliance Schedule

1.2.3.1.

For applicable requirements with which the source is in compliance, the

source will continue to comply with such requirements.

[RAC 2-106(4)(l)(ii)]

1.2.3.2.

For applicable requirements that will become effective during the permit

term, the source shall meet such requirements on a timely basis.

[RAC 2-106(4)(l)(iii)]

1.3. Duty to Provide and Supplement Information [RAC 2-110(7)(e), 2-106(5), and 2124]

1.3.1. The permittee shall furnish to the Tribe, within the period specified by the Tribe,

any information that the Tribe request in writing to determine whether cause

12

exists for reopening and revising, revoking, and reissuing, or terminating the

permit, or to determine compliance with the permit. Upon request, the permittee

shall also furnish to the Tribe copies of records that are required to be kept by the

permit, including information claimed to be confidential. Information claimed to

be confidential must be accompanied by a claim of confidentiality according to

the provisions of RAC 2-124.

[RAC 2-110(7)(e) and RAC 2-124]

1.3.2. The permittee, upon becoming aware that any relevant facts were omitted or

incorrect information was submitted in the permit application or in a supplemental

submittal, shall promptly submit such supplementary facts or corrected

information. In addition, a permittee shall provide additional information as

necessary to address any requirements that become applicable after the date a

complete application is filed, but prior to release of a draft permit.

[RAC 2-106(5)]

1.4. Submissions [RAC 2-105]

1.4.1. Any application, form, report, compliance certification, or other document

submitted by the permittee under this permit shall contain a certification by a

responsible official of truth, accuracy, and completeness. This certification shall

state that, based on information and belief formed after reasonable inquiry, the

statements and information in the document are true, accurate, and complete.

[Explanatory Note: The Tribe has developed a reporting form “CTAC” for certifying

truth, accuracy and completeness of part 70 submissions. The form may be found on the

AQD’s website (https://www.southernute-nsn.gov/government/departments/epd/airquality/).]

1.4.2. Except where otherwise noted, any documents required to be submitted under this

permit, including reports, test data, monitoring data, notifications, compliance

certifications, fee calculation worksheets, and applications for renewals and

permit modifications shall be submitted:

by email at: airquality@southernute-nsn.gov

or by United States Postal Service:

Part 70 Program

Environmental Programs Department

Air Quality Division

P.O. Box 737 MS #84

Ignacio, Colorado 81137

or by Common Carrier:

Part 70 Program

Environmental Programs Department

Air Quality Division

398 Ouray Drive

Ignacio, CO 81137

13

1.5. Severability Clause [RAC 1-106 and RAC 2-110(1)(f)]

The provisions of this permit are severable, and in the event of any challenge to any portion

of this permit, or if any provision is held invalid, the remaining permit conditions shall

remain valid and in force.

1.6. Permit Actions [RAC 2-110(3)]

1.6.1. This permit may be modified, reopened and revised, revoked and reissued, or

terminated for cause.

[RAC 2-110(3)(c)]

1.6.2. The filing by the permittee of a request for a permit revision, reissuance, or

termination, or of a notification of planned changes or anticipated noncompliance

shall not stay any permit condition.

[RAC 2-110(3)(d)]

1.7. Administrative Permit Revision [RAC 2-111(2)]

1.7.1. The permittee may submit an application for an administrative permit revision as

defined in RAC § 1-103.

[RAC 2-111(2)(a)]

1.7.2. The permittee may implement an administrative permit revision immediately

upon submittal of the request for the administrative revision.

[RAC 2-111(2)(c)]

[Note to permittee: If the provisions allowing for an administrative permit revision do not apply,

please contact the Air Quality Division for a determination of similarity prior to submitting your

request for an administrative permit revision.]

1.8. Minor Permit Revisions [RAC 2-111(3)]

1.8.1. The permittee may submit an application for a minor permit revision as defined in

RAC § 1-103.

1.8.2. An application requesting the use of minor permit revision procedures shall meet

the requirements of RAC § 2-106(4) and shall include the following:

1.8.2.1.

A description of the change, the emissions resulting from the change, and

any new applicable requirements that will apply if the change occurs;

1.8.2.2.

If changes are requested to the permit language, the permittee’s suggested

draft permit changes;

14

1.8.2.3.

Certification by a responsible official, consistent with RAC § 2-105, that

the proposed revision meets the criteria for use of minor permit revision

procedures and a request that such procedures be used; and

1.8.2.4.

Completed forms for the Tribe to use to notify the Administrator and

affected programs as required under RAC § 2-108.

1.8.2.5.

If the requested permit revision would affect existing compliance plans or

schedules, related progress reports, or certification of compliance

requirements, and an outline of such effects.

[RAC 2-111(3)(a)]

1.8.3. The permittee shall not submit multiple minor permit revision applications that

may conceal a larger revision that would not constitute a minor permit revision.

[RAC 2-111(3)(b)]

1.8.4. The permittee may make the change proposed in its minor permit revision

application immediately after it files such application, provided, however, for

sources that have previously utilized this provision during the term of the permit

and, on two or more occasions have failed to file a complete application, may

thereafter make the change only after the application is deemed complete. After

the permittee makes the change and until the Tribe takes any of the actions

specified in the following subsection, the permittee must comply with both the

applicable requirements governing the change and the proposed permit terms and

conditions. During this period, the permittee need not comply with the existing

permit terms and conditions it seeks to modify. If the permittee fails to comply

with its proposed permit terms and conditions during this period, however, the

existing permit terms and conditions it seeks to modify may be enforced against

it. The filing of a minor permit revision application does not authorize

construction or modification of a source under the NSR preconstruction permit

program. It is the permittee’s responsibility to determine if a preconstruction

permit is required prior to commencing construction, modification, or

reconstruction.

[RAC 2-111(3)(e)]

1.8.5. The permit shield under RAC § 2-110(10) does not extend to minor permit

revisions.

[RAC 2-110(10)(d)]

1.9. Significant Permit Revisions [RAC 2-111(4)]

1.9.1. The permittee must request the use of significant permit revision procedures as

defined in RAC § 1-103.

15

1.9.2. Significant permit revisions shall meet all requirements of the RAC for permit

issuance and renewal, including those for applications, review by the

Administrator and affected programs, and public participation.

[RAC 2-111(4), 2-109, and 2-106(3)]

1.10.

Permit Reopenings, Revocations and Reissuances, and Terminations [RAC 2112]

1.10.1. The permit may be reopened and revised for any of the reasons listed in the

paragraphs below. Alternatively, the permit may be revoked and reissued for the

reasons listed in the paragraphs below:

1.10.1.1.

Additional requirements under the Clean Air Act become applicable to a

major source with a remaining permit term of 3 or more years, provided

that the Tribe shall revise such permits to incorporate such additional

requirements no later than 18 months after promulgation of such

requirements, and no such reopening is required if the effective date of the

requirement is later than the permit expiration date unless the original

permit or any of its terms or conditions have been extended past the permit

expiration date pursuant to RAC § 2-104(2)(b)(iii);

1.10.1.2.

Additional requirements (including excess emissions requirements)

become applicable to an affected source under the acid rain program.

Upon approval by the Administrator, excess emissions offset plans shall

be deemed to be incorporated into the permit;

1.10.1.3.

The Tribe or the Administrator determines that the permit contains a

material mistake or that inaccurate statements were made in establishing

the terms or conditions of the permit; or

1.10.1.4.

The Tribe or the Administrator determines that the permit must be revised

or revoked and reissued to assure compliance with applicable

requirements.

1.10.2. The permit may be terminated for any of the reasons listed below:

1.10.2.1.

The permittee fails to meet the requirements of an approved compliance

plan;

1.10.2.2.

The permittee has been in significant or repetitious noncompliance with

the operating permit terms or conditions;

1.10.2.3.

The permittee has exhibited a history of willful disregard for

environmental laws of any tribal or state authority, or of the United States;

16

1.11.

1.10.2.4.

The permittee has knowingly misrepresented a material fact in any

application, record, report, plan, or other document filed or required to be

maintained under the permit;

1.10.2.5.

The permittee falsifies, tampers with, or renders inaccurate any monitoring

device or method required to be maintained under the permit;

1.10.2.6.

The permittee fails to pay fees required under RAC§§ 2-118 and 2-119; or

1.10.2.7.

The Administrator has found that cause exists to terminate the permit.

Property Rights [RAC 2-110(3)(e)]

This permit does not convey any property rights of any sort, or any exclusive privilege.

1.12.

Inspection and Entry [RAC 2-110(9)(b)]

Upon presentation of credentials and other documents as may be required by law, the

permittee shall allow authorized representatives of the Tribe or other authorized

representative to perform the following:

1.12.1. Enter upon the permittee’s premises where a source is located or emissionsrelated activity is conducted, or where records must be kept under the conditions

of the permit;

1.12.2. Have access to and copy, at reasonable times, any records that must be kept under

the conditions of the permit;

1.12.3. Inspect at reasonable times any facilities, equipment (including monitoring and air

pollution control equipment), practices, or operations regulated or required under

the permit; and

1.12.4. As authorized by the Clean Air Act, sample or monitor at reasonable times

substances or parameters for the purpose of assuring compliance with the permit

or applicable requirements.

1.13.

[Reserved]

1.14.

Permit Transfers [RAC 2-113]

1.14.1. This permit shall not be transferable, by operation of law or otherwise, from one

location to another or from one source to another, except that a permit may be

transferred from one location to another in the case of a portable source that has

notified the Tribe in advance of the transfer, pursuant to the RAC. A permit for a

17

source may be transferred from one person to another if the Tribe finds that the

transferee is capable of operating the source in compliance with the permit. This

transfer must be accomplished through an administrative permit revision in

accordance with the Administrative Permit Revisions section of this permit.

1.15.

Off-Permit Changes [RAC 2-116(2)]

1.15.1. The permittee is allowed to make, without a permit revision, certain changes that

are not addressed or prohibited by this permit provided that the following

requirements are met:

1.15.1.1.

Each such change meets all applicable requirements and shall not violate

any existing permit term or condition;

1.15.1.2.

Such changes are not subject to any requirements under title IV of the

Clean Air Act and are not modifications under title I of the Clean Air Act;

1.15.1.3.

Such changes are not subject to permit revision procedures under RAC §

2-111; and

1.15.1.4.

The permittee provides contemporaneous written notice to the Tribe and

the Administrator of each such change, except for changes that qualify as

insignificant activities. Such notice shall state when the change occurred

and shall describe the change, any resulting emissions change, pollutants

emitted, and any applicable requirement that would apply as a result of the

change.

[RAC 2-116(2)(a)]

1.15.2. The permit shield does not apply to changes made under this provision.

[RAC 2-110(10)(d)]

1.15.3. The permittee shall keep a record describing changes made at the source that

result in emissions of any regulated air pollutant subject to an applicable

requirement, but not otherwise regulated under the permit, and the emissions

resulting from those changes.

[RAC 2-116(2)(b)]

1.15.4. A copy of each off-permit change notification shall be made available to the Tribe

upon request.

[RAC 2-110(6)]

1.16.

Permit Expiration and Renewal

[RAC §§ 2-104(3), 2-106(2)(b), 2-107(7)(a), 2-107(7)(b), 2-110(1)(a), and 2-106(3)]

1.16.1. This permit shall expire five years from the issuance date of this permit.

18

[RAC 2-110(1)(a)]

1.16.2. Expiration of this permit terminates the permittee’s right to operate unless a

timely and complete permit renewal application has been submitted at least 6

months but not more than 18 months prior to the date of expiration of this permit.

[RAC 2-107(7)(b)]

1.16.3. If the permittee submits a timely and complete permit application for renewal,

consistent with RAC § 2-106 but the Tribe has failed to issue or disapprove a

renewal permit before the end of the permit term, then the permit shall not expire

and all its terms and conditions shall remain in effect until the renewal permit has

been issued or disapproved.

[RAC 2-104(2)(b)]

1.16.4. The ability to operate under this permit shall cease if (1) the Tribe takes final

action to issue the permittee a renewal permit or deny the permittee a permit or

(2) the permittee fails to submit by the deadline specified in writing by the Tribe

any additional information identified as being needed to process the application.

[RAC 2-104(3)]

1.16.5. Renewal of this permit is subject to the same procedures, including those for

public participation and affected program and EPA review, as those that apply to

initial permit issuance.

[RAC 2-107(7)(a)]

1.16.6. The application for renewal shall include the current permit number, description

of permit revisions and off permit changes that occurred during the permit term,

any applicable requirements that were promulgated and not incorporated into the

permit during the permit term, and other information required by the application

form.

[RAC 2-106(4)(e)(ix)]

Facility-Wide Requirements

Conditions in this section of the permit apply to all emissions units located at the facility,

including any units not specifically listed in Table 1 or Table 2 of the Source Emission Points

section of this permit.

[RAC 2-110(1)(d)]

2.1. General Recordkeeping Requirements [RAC 2-110(6)]

The permittee shall comply with the following generally applicable recordkeeping

requirements:

2.1.1. If the permittee determines that his or her stationary source that emits (or has the

potential to emit, without federally recognized controls) one or more hazardous

19

air pollutants is not subject to a relevant standard or other requirement established

under 40 CFR part 63, the permittee shall keep a record of the applicability

determination, for a period of five years after the determination, or until the

source changes its operations to become an affected source, whichever comes

first. Each of these records shall be made available to the Tribe upon request. The

record of the applicability determination shall include an analysis (or other

information) that demonstrates why the permittee believes the source is

unaffected (e.g., because the source is an area source).

[40 CFR 63.10(b)(3)]

2.1.2. Records shall be kept of off permit changes made, as required by the Off Permit

Changes section of this permit.

2.2. General Reporting Requirements

2.2.1. The permittee shall submit to the Tribe all reports of any required monitoring

under this permit semiannually, by April 1 and October 1 of each year. The

report due on April 1 shall cover the July 1 - December 31 reporting period of the

previous calendar year. The report due on October 1 shall cover the January 1 June 30 reporting period of the current calendar year. All instances of deviations

from permit requirements shall be clearly identified in such reports. All required

reports shall be certified by a responsible official consistent with the Submissions

section of this permit.

[RAC 2-110(7)(a)]

2.2.2. “Deviation” means any situation in which an emissions unit fails to meet a permit

term or condition. A deviation is not always a violation. A deviation can be

determined by observation or through review of data obtained from any testing,

monitoring, or recordkeeping established in accordance with RAC 2-110(5) and

(6). For a situation lasting more than 24 hours which constitutes a deviation, each

24 hour period is considered a separate deviation. Included in the meaning of

deviation are any of the following:

2.2.2.1.

A situation where emissions exceed an emission limitation or standard;

2.2.2.2.

A situation where process or emissions control device parameter values

indicate that an emission limitation or standard has not been met; or

2.2.2.3.

A situation in which observations or data collected demonstrate

noncompliance with an emission limitation or standard or any work

practice or operating condition required by the permit.

20

2.2.2.4.

A situation in which an exceedance or an excursion, as defined in 40 CFR

Part 64 occurs.

[RAC 1-103(21)]

2.2.3. The permittee shall promptly report to the Tribe deviations from permit

requirements, (including emergencies), including the date, time, duration, and the

probable cause of such deviations, the quantity and pollutant type of excess

emissions resulting from the deviation, and any preventative, mitigation, or

corrective actions or measures taken. Prompt deviation reports shall be submitted

to the following email address: airquality@southernute-nsn.gov

2.2.4.

“Prompt” is defined as follows:

2.2.4.1.

Where the underlying applicable requirement contains a definition of

“prompt” or otherwise specifies a time frame for reporting deviations, that

definition or time frame shall govern.

2.2.4.2.

Where the underlying applicable requirement fails to address the time

frame for reporting deviations, reports of deviations will be submitted

based on the following schedule:

2.2.4.2.1.

For emissions of a hazardous air pollutant or a toxic air pollutant

(as identified in the applicable regulation) that continue for more

than an hour in excess of permit requirements, the report must be

made by email, telephone, verbal, or facsimile communication by

the close of business the next working day, upon discovery of the

occurrence, and in writing within 10 working days from the

occurrence;

2.2.4.2.2.

For emissions of any regulated air pollutant, excluding those listed

in RAC § 2-110(7)(b)(i), that continue for more than 2 hours in

excess of permit requirements, the report must be made by email,

telephone, verbal, or facsimile communication by the close of

business the next working day, upon discovery of the occurrence,

and in writing within 10 working days from the occurrence;

2.2.4.2.3.

For all other deviations from permit requirements, the report shall

be contained in the report submitted with the semi-annual

monitoring report.

[RAC 2-110(7)(b)]

2.3. Alternative Operating Scenarios [RAC 2-110(8)]

21

2.3.1. Replacement of an existing engine or turbine identified in this permit shall be

allowed as an off-permit change pursuant to the Off Permit Changes provisions of

this permit provided all of the following conditions are met:

2.3.1.1.

The engine or turbine replacement is not subject to any requirements

under Title IV of the Clean Air Act and is not a modification under Title I

of the Clean Air Act;

2.3.1.2.

The replacement engine or turbine is of the same make, model,

horsepower rating, and configured to operate in the same manner as the

engine being replaced.

2.3.1.3.

The replacement engine or turbine meets all applicable requirements

identified in this permit that apply to the existing engine being replaced.

2.3.1.4.

All applicable requirements that apply to the replacement engine or

turbine are already included in the permit. Replacement of an existing

engine or turbine identified in this permit with a new, modified, or

reconstructed engine must utilize a Minor Permit Revision as specified in

RAC 2-111(3) or a Significant Permit Revision as specified in RAC 2111(4) to incorporate any new applicable requirements. The applicable

requirements include, but may not be limited to:

2.3.1.4.1.

Standards of Performance for Stationary Compression Ignition

Internal Combustion at 40 CFR Part 60, Subpart IIII

2.3.1.4.2.

Standards of Performance for Stationary Spark Ignition Internal

Combustion Engines at 40 CFR Part 60, Subpart JJJJ;

2.3.1.4.3.

National Emission Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants for

Stationary Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines at 40 CFR

Part 63, Subpart ZZZZ;

2.3.1.4.4.

Standards of Performance for Stationary Gas Turbines at 40 CFR

Part 60, Subpart GG;

2.3.1.4.5.

Standards of Performance for Stationary Combustion Turbines at

40 CFR Part 60, Subpart KKKK;

2.3.1.4.6.

National Emission Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants for

Stationary Combustion Turbines at 40 CFR Part 63, Subpart

YYYY;

22

2.3.1.4.7.

Requirements established in a permit or permits issued pursuant to

the Federal Minor New Source Review Program in Indian Country

at 40 CFR Part 49;

2.3.1.4.8.

Requirements established in a permit or permits issued pursuant to

the Prevention of Significant Deterioration of Air Quality Program

at 40 CFR Part 52; or

2.3.1.4.9.

Requirements established in any promulgated Federal

Implementation Plan that may apply to engines located on the

Southern Ute Indian Reservation.

2.3.2. The permittee shall provide contemporaneous written notice to the Tribe and the

Administrator of any replacement of an existing engine or turbine identified in

this permit. Such notice shall state when the replacement occurred and shall

describe the replacement and any applicable requirement that would apply as a

result of the replacement.

2.3.3. The permittee shall keep a record of the engine or turbine replacement.

2.3.4. The use of a backup thermal oxidizer (Unit 22a) with equivalent capacity and

emission destruction efficiency and configured to operate in the same manner as

the primary thermal oxidizer (Unit 22) shall be an allowed alternative operating

scenario under this permit provided that the following conditions are met:

2.3.4.1.

Any emission limits, requirements, testing or other provisions that apply to

the primary thermal oxidizer shall also apply to the backup thermal

oxidizer except that an annual performance test shall only be conducted on

the backup thermal oxidizer Unit 22a if the unit operates for more than

500 hours in any calendar year.

2.3.4.2.

At no time shall the backup thermal oxidizer operate at the same time the

primary thermal oxidizer is operating except periods of transition between

the primary and backup thermal oxidizers. Transition events shall be

documented, last no more than 30 minutes in duration, and will be

reported as excess emission events in accordance with the PSD Permit

deviation reporting requirements outlined in this permit.

2.4. Permit Shield [RAC 2-110(10)(c)]

Nothing in this permit shall alter or affect the following:

2.4.1. The provisions of Section 303 of the Clean Air Act, 42 U.S.C. § 7603 concerning

emergency powers, including the respective authorities of the Administrator under

those sections;

23

2.4.2. The liability of a permittee for any violation of applicable requirements prior to or

at the time of permit issuance;

2.4.3. The applicable requirements of the acid rain program consistent with section

408(a) of the Act; or

2.4.4. The ability of the Administrator respectively to obtain information from a source

pursuant to Section 114 of the Clean Air Act, 42 U.S.C. § 7414.

2.5. Stratospheric Ozone and Climate Protection [40 CFR Part 82]

The permittee shall comply with the standards for recycling and emissions reduction

pursuant to 40 CFR Part 82, Subpart F:

2.5.1. Persons opening appliances for maintenance, service, repair, or disposal must

comply with the required practices pursuant to 40 CFR §82.156.

2.5.2. Equipment used during the maintenance, service, repair, or disposal of appliances

must comply with the standards for recycling and recovery equipment pursuant to

40 CFR §82.158.

2.5.3. Persons performing maintenance, service, repair, or disposal of appliances must

be certified by an approved technician certification program pursuant to 40 CFR

§82.161.

24

Section III – Site Specific Permit Terms

New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) and 40 CFR Part 60

1.1. 40 CFR Part 60, Subpart JJJJ – Standards of Performance for Stationary Spark

Ignition Internal Combustion Engines [40 CFR 60.4230 – 60.4248, RAC 4-103]

This facility is subject to the requirements of 40 CFR Part 60, Subpart JJJJ for fourstroke rich burn (4SRB) emergency stationary spark ignition (SI) internal combustion

engines (ICE) with a maximum engine power greater than or equal to 100 brake

horsepower (HP) commenced construction after June 12, 2006 and manufactured after

January 1, 2009. Notwithstanding conditions in this permit, the permittee shall comply

with all applicable requirements of 40 CFR Part 60, Subpart JJJJ.

1.1.1.

Affected Sources

The following emission units are considered affected sources under 40 CFR Part

60, Subpart JJJJ:

E006 – Generac SG-250 Emergency Generator (4SRB), 374 Nameplate Rated HP

1.1.2.

Emission Standards for Owners and Operators

1.1.2.1.

[40 CFR 60.4230]

Owners and operators of stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine power

greater than or equal to 75 KW (100 HP) (except gasoline and rich burn

25

engines that use LPG) must comply with the emission standards in Table 1

to this subpart for their stationary SI ICE.

[40 CFR 60.4233]

Table 1 to Subpart JJJJ of Part 60—NOX, CO, and VOC Emission Standards Stationary Emergency Engines >25 HP

Emission standardsa

Engine type

and fuel

Maximum

engine power

Emergency

HP≥130

Manufacture

date

g/HP-hr

ppmvd at 15% O2

NOX

CO

VOCd NOX

CO

VOCd

2.0

4.0

1.0

540

86

160

aOwners and operators of stationary non-certified SI engines may choose to comply with the emission standards in units of either

g/HP-hr or ppmvd at 15 percent O2.

dFor purposes of this subpart, when calculating emissions of volatile organic compounds, emissions of formaldehyde should not be

included.

1.1.2.2.

Owners and operators of stationary SI ICE must operate and maintain

stationary SI ICE that achieve the emission standards as required in

§60.4233 over the entire life of the engine.

[40 CFR 60.4234]

1.1.3. Other Requirements for Owners and Operators

1.1.3.1.

For emergency stationary SI ICE with a maximum engine power of

greater than 19 KW (25 HP), owners and operators may not install engines

that do not meet the applicable requirements in §60.4233 after January 1,

2011.

[40 CFR 60.4236(c)]

1.1.3.2.

If the emergency stationary SI internal combustion engine that is greater

than or equal to 130 HP and less than 500 HP that was built on or after

January 1, 2011, does not meet the standards applicable to non-emergency

engines, the owner or operator must install a non-resettable hour meter.

[40 CFR 60.4237]

1.1.4. Compliance Requirements for Owners and Operators

1.1.4.1.

If you are an owner or operator of a stationary SI internal combustion

engine and must comply with the emission standards specified in §

26

60.4233(d) or (e), you must demonstrate compliance according to the

method specified in paragraph (b)(1) below.

1.1.4.1.1.

Purchasing an engine certified according to procedures specified in

this subpart, for the same model year and demonstrating

compliance according to paragraph § 60.4243(a)(1) as specified in

the subparagraph below.

[40 CFR 60.4243(b)(1)]

1.1.4.1.1.1.

If you operate and maintain the certified stationary SI

internal combustion engine and control device according to

the manufacturer's emission-related written instructions,

you must keep records of conducted maintenance to

demonstrate compliance, but no performance testing is

required if you are an owner or operator. You must also

meet the requirements as specified in 40 CFR part 1068,

subparts A through D, as they apply to you. If you adjust

engine settings according to and consistent with the

manufacturer's instructions, your stationary SI internal

combustion engine will not be considered out of

compliance.

[40 CFR 60.4243(a)(1)]

1.1.4.2.

If you own or operate an emergency stationary ICE, you must operate the

emergency stationary ICE according to the requirements in paragraphs in

the section below. In order for the engine to be considered an emergency

stationary ICE under this subpart, any operation other than emergency

operation, maintenance and testing, emergency demand response, and

operation in non-emergency situations for 50 hours per year, as described

in paragraphs of the section below, is prohibited. If you do not operate the

engine according to the requirements in paragraphs of the section below,

the engine will not be considered an emergency engine under this subpart

and must meet all requirements for non-emergency engines.

[40 CFR 60.4243(d)]

1.1.4.2.1.

There is no time limit on the use of emergency stationary ICE in

emergency situations.

[40 CFR 60.4243(d)(1)]

1.1.4.2.2.

You may operate your emergency stationary ICE for any

combination of the purposes specified in paragraphs of the section

below for a maximum of 100 hours per calendar year. Any

27

operation for non-emergency situations as allowed by paragraph

discussing non-emergency operations below counts as part of the

100 hours per calendar year allowed by this paragraph.

[40 CFR 60.4243(d)(2)]

1.1.4.2.2.1.

Emergency stationary ICE may be operated for

maintenance checks and readiness testing, provided that the

tests are recommended by federal, state or local

government, the manufacturer, the vendor, the regional

transmission organization or equivalent balancing authority

and transmission operator, or the insurance company

associated with the engine. The owner or operator may

petition the Administrator for approval of additional hours

to be used for maintenance checks and readiness testing,

but a petition is not required if the owner or operator

maintains records indicating that federal, state, or local

standards require maintenance and testing of emergency

ICE beyond 100 hours per calendar year.

[40 CFR 60.4243(d)(2)(i)]

1.1.4.2.3.

Emergency stationary ICE may be operated for up to 50 hours per

calendar year in non-emergency situations. The 50 hours of

operation in non-emergency situations are counted as part of the

100 hours per calendar year for maintenance and testing and

emergency demand response provided in paragraph of this section

above discussing maximum hourly usage. Except as provided in

the paragraph of this section below, the 50 hours per year for nonemergency situations cannot be used for peak shaving or nonemergency demand response, or to generate income for a facility to

an electric grid or otherwise supply power as part of a financial

arrangement with another entity.

[40 CFR 60.4243(d)(3)]

1.1.4.2.3.1.

The 50 hours per year for non-emergency situations can be

used to supply power as part of a financial arrangement

with another entity if all of the following conditions are

met:

[40 CFR 60.4243(d)(3)(i)]

28

1.1.4.2.3.1.1.

The engine is dispatched by the local balancing

authority or local transmission and distribution

system operator;

1.1.4.2.3.1.2.

The dispatch is intended to mitigate local

transmission and/or distribution limitations so as to

avert potential voltage collapse or line overloads

that could lead to the interruption of power supply

in a local area or region.

1.1.4.2.3.1.3.

The dispatch follows reliability, emergency

operation or similar protocols that follow specific

NERC, regional, state, public utility commission or

local standards or guidelines.

1.1.4.2.3.1.4.

The power is provided only to the facility itself or to

support the local transmission and distribution

system.

1.1.4.2.3.1.5.

The owner or operator identifies and records the

entity that dispatches the engine and the specific

NERC, regional, state, public utility commission or

local standards or guidelines that are being followed

for dispatching the engine. The local balancing

authority or local transmission and distribution

system operator may keep these records on behalf

of the engine owner or operator.

[40 CFR 60.4243(d)(3)(A)-(D)]

1.1.4.3.

Owners and operators of stationary SI natural gas fired engines may

operate their engines using propane for a maximum of 100 hours per year

as an alternative fuel solely during emergency operations, but must keep

records of such use. If propane is used for more than 100 hours per year in

an engine that is not certified to the emission standards when using

propane, the owners and operators are required to conduct a performance

test to demonstrate compliance with the emission standards of § 60.4233.

[40 CFR 60.4243(e)]

1.1.4.4.

If you are an owner or operator of a stationary SI internal combustion

engine that is less than or equal to 500 HP and you purchase a noncertified engine or you do not operate and maintain your certified

stationary SI internal combustion engine and control device according to

the manufacturer's written emission-related instructions, you are required

to perform initial performance testing as indicated in this section, but you

29

are not required to conduct subsequent performance testing unless the

stationary engine undergoes rebuild, major repair or maintenance. Engine

rebuilding means to overhaul an engine or to otherwise perform extensive

service on the engine (or on a portion of the engine or engine system). For

the purpose of this paragraph (f), perform extensive service means to

disassemble the engine (or portion of the engine or engine system), inspect

and/or replace many of the parts, and reassemble the engine (or portion of

the engine or engine system) in such a manner that significantly increases

the service life of the resultant engine.

[40 CFR 60.4243(f)]

1.1.4.4.1.

It is expected that air-to-fuel ratio controllers will be used with the

operation of three-way catalysts/non-selective catalytic reduction.

The AFR controller must be maintained and operated appropriately

in order to ensure proper operation of the engine and control

device to minimize emissions at all times.

[40 CFR 60.4243(g)]

1.1.4.5.

If you are an owner or operator of a modified or reconstructed stationary

SI internal combustion engine and must comply with the emission

standards specified in § 60.4233(f), you must demonstrate compliance

according to one of the methods specified in paragraphs (i)(1) or (2) of

this section.

1.1.4.5.1.

Purchasing, or otherwise owning or operating, an engine certified

to the emission standards in § 60.4233(f), as applicable.

1.1.4.5.2.

Conducting a performance test to demonstrate initial compliance

with the emission standards according to the requirements

specified in § 60.4244. The test must be conducted within 60 days

after the engine commences operation after the modification or

reconstruction.

[40 CFR 60.4243(i)]

1.1.5. Notification, Reports, and Records for Owners and Operators

1.1.5.1.

Owners or operators of stationary SI ICE must meet the following

notification, reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

1.1.5.1.1.

Owners and operators of all stationary SI ICE must keep records of

the information in the three paragraphs of the section below.

30

1.1.5.1.1.1.

All notifications submitted to comply with this subpart and

all documentation supporting any notification.

1.1.5.1.1.2.

Maintenance conducted on the engine.

1.1.5.1.1.3.

If the stationary SI internal combustion engine is not a

certified engine, documentation that the engine meets the

emission standards.

[40 CFR 60.4245(a)]

1.1.5.1.2.

For all stationary SI emergency ICE greater than or equal to 130

HP and less than 500 HP manufactured on or after July 1, 2011

that do not meet the standards applicable to non-emergency

engines, the owner or operator of must keep records of the hours of

operation of the engine that is recorded through the non-resettable

hour meter. The owner or operator must document how many

hours are spent for emergency operation, including what classified

the operation as emergency and how many hours are spent for nonemergency operation.

[40 CFR 60.4245(b)]

1.1.6. General Provisions

1.1.6.1.

Table 3 to this subpart shows which parts of the General Provisions in

§§60.1 through 60.19 apply to you.

Table 3 to Subpart JJJJ of Part 60—Applicability of General Provisions to Subpart JJJJ

General

provisions

citation

Subject of citation

Applies to

subpart

§60.1

General applicability of the Yes

General Provisions

§60.2

Definitions

Yes

§60.3

Units and abbreviations

Yes

§60.4

Address

Yes

31

Explanation

Additional terms defined in §60.4248.

§60.5

Determination of

construction or

modification

Yes

§60.6

Review of plans

Yes

§60.7

Notification and

Recordkeeping

Yes

Except that §60.7 only applies as

specified in §60.4245.

§60.8

Performance tests

Yes

Except that §60.8 only applies to owners

and operators who are subject to

performance testing in subpart JJJJ.

§60.9

Availability of information Yes

§60.10

State Authority

§60.11

Compliance with standards Yes

and

maintenance

requirements

§60.12

Circumvention

Yes

§60.13

Monitoring requirements

No

§60.14

Modification

Yes

§60.15

Reconstruction

Yes

§60.16

Priority list

Yes

§60.17

Incorporations by reference Yes

§60.18

General control

requirements

§60.19

General notification and Yes

reporting requirements

Yes

device No

32

Requirements are specified in subpart

JJJJ.

National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) and 40 CFR

Part 63

2.1. 40 CFR Part 63, Subpart ZZZZ – National Emission Standards for Hazardous

Air Pollutants for Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines [40 CFR 63.6580 –

63.6675, RAC 4-103]

This facility is subject to the requirements of 40 CFR Part 63, Subpart ZZZZ for

existing remote stationary reciprocating internal combustion engines (RICE) with a

site rating of greater than 500 brake horsepower and for existing emergency stationary

RICE with a site-rating of less than 500 brake horsepower located at an area source of

hazardous air pollutants (HAPs). Notwithstanding conditions in this permit, the

permittee shall comply with all applicable requirements of 40 CFR Part 63, subparts A

and ZZZZ.

2.1.1.

Affected Sources

The following emission units are considered affected sources under 40 CFR Part

63, Subpart ZZZZ:

E001 – 658 bhp, White Superior 8G-825 4SRB SI natural gas-fired nonemergency compressor engine constructed or reconstructed before June 12,

2006.

E002 – 658 bhp, White Superior 8G-825 4SRB SI natural gas-fired nonemergency compressor engine constructed or reconstructed before June 12,

2006.

E003 – 658 bhp, White Superior 8G-825 4SRB SI natural gas-fired nonemergency compressor engine constructed or reconstructed before June 12,

2006.

[40 CFR 63.6585]

2.1.2. Emission and Operating Limitations

2.1.2.1.

If you own or operate an existing stationary RICE located at an area

source of HAP emissions, you must comply with the requirements in

Table 2d to this subpart and the operating limitations in this subpart that

apply to you.

[40 CFR 63.6603]

Table 2d to Subpart ZZZZ of Part 63 – Requirements for Existing Stationary RICE

Located at Area Sources of HAP Emissions

33

As stated in §63.6603 and §63.6640, you must comply with the following requirements for existing stationary

RICE located at area sources of HAP emissions:

For Each…

11. Non-emergency, nonblack start 4SRB remote

stationary RICE >500 HP

You must meet the following

emission limitation, except during

periods of startup…

a. Change oil and filter every 2,160

hours of operation or annually,

whichever comes first1;

b. Inspect spark plugs every 2,160

hours of operation or annually,

whichever comes first, and replace as

necessary; and

c. Inspect all hoses and belts every

2,160 hours of operation or annually,

whichever comes first, and replace as

necessary.

During periods of start

up you must…

Minimize the engine's

time spent at idle and

minimize the engine's

startup time at startup to

a period needed for

appropriate and safe

loading of the engine,

not to exceed 30

minutes, after which

time the non-startup

emission limitations

apply.

Sources have the option to utilize an oil analysis program as described in §63.6625(i) or (j) in order to extend the

specified oil change requirement in Table 2d of this subpart.

2

If an emergency engine is operating during an emergency and it is not possible to shut down the engine in order to

perform the management practice requirements on the schedule required in Table 2d of this subpart, or if performing

the management practice on the required schedule would otherwise pose an unacceptable risk under federal, state, or

local law, the management practice can be delayed until the emergency is over or the unacceptable risk under

federal, state, or local law has abated. The management practice should be performed as soon as practicable after the

emergency has ended or the unacceptable risk under federal, state, or local law has abated. Sources must report any

failure to perform the management practice on the schedule required and the federal, state or local law under which

the risk was deemed unacceptable.

1

2.1.2.2.

For emission units E001, E002 and E003: you must evaluate the status of

their stationary RICE every 12 months. Owners and operators must keep

records of the initial and annual evaluation of the status of the engine. If

the evaluation indicates that the stationary RICE no longer meets the

definition of remote stationary RICE in §63.6675 of this subpart, the

owner or operator must comply with all of the requirements for existing

non-emergency SI 4SRB stationary RICE with a site rating of more than

500 HP located at area sources of HAP that are not remote stationary

RICE within 1 year of the evaluation.

[40 CFR 63.6603]

2.1.2.2.1.

In accordance with §63.6675, for stationary RICE located on a

pipeline segment, Remote Stationary RICE must meet the criteria

listed below:

34

2.1.2.2.1.1.

A pipeline segment with 10 or fewer buildings intended

for human occupancy and no buildings with four or more

stories within 220 yards (200 meters) on either side of the

centerline of any continuous 1-mile (1.6 kilometers) length

of pipeline. Each separate dwelling unit in a multiple

dwelling unit building is counted as a separate building

intended for human occupancy.

2.1.2.2.1.2.

The pipeline segment does not lie within 100 yards (91

meters) of either a building or a small, well-defined outside

area (such as a playground, recreation area, outdoor theater,

or other place of public assembly) that is occupied by 20 or

more persons on at least 5 days a week for 10 weeks in any

12-month period. The days and weeks need not be

consecutive. The building or area is considered occupied

for a full day if it is occupied for any portion of the day.

2.1.2.2.1.3.

For purposes of this section, the term pipeline segment

means all parts of those physical facilities through which

gas moves in transportation, including but not limited to

pipe, valves, and other appurtenance attached to pipe,

compressor units, metering stations, regulator stations,

delivery stations, holders, and fabricated assemblies.

Stationary RICE located within 50 yards (46 meters) of the

pipeline segment providing power for equipment on a

pipeline segment are part of the pipeline segment.

Transportation of gas means the gathering, transmission, or

distribution of gas by pipeline, or the storage of gas. A

building is intended for human occupancy if its primary use

is for a purpose involving the presence of a humans.

[40 CFR 63.6603 and 63.6675]

2.1.3. General Compliance Requirements

2.1.3.1.

You must be in compliance with operating limitations and other

requirements in this subpart that apply to you at all times.

2.1.3.2.

At all times you must operate and maintain any affected source, including

associated air pollution control equipment and monitoring equipment, in a

manner consistent with safety and good air pollution control practices for

minimizing emissions. The general duty to minimize emissions does not

require you to make any further efforts to reduce emissions if levels

required by this standard have been achieved. Determination of whether

such operation and maintenance procedures are being used will be based

35

on information available to the Administrator which may include but is

not limited to, monitoring results, review of operation and maintenance

procedures, review of operation and maintenance records, and inspection

of the source.

[40 CFR 63.6605]

2.1.4. Testing and Initial Compliance Requirements

2.1.4.1.

For emission units E001, E002 and E003: you must minimize the engine's

time spent at idle during startup and minimize the engine's startup time to

a period needed for appropriate and safe loading of the engine, not to

exceed 30 minutes, after which time the emission standards applicable to

all times other than startup in Table 2d to subpart ZZZZ apply.

2.1.4.2.

For emission units E001, E002 and E003: you have the option of utilizing

an oil analysis program in order to extend the specified oil change

requirement in Table 2d to this subpart. The oil analysis must be

performed at the same frequency specified for changing the oil in Table 2d

to this subpart. The analysis program must at a minimum analyze the

following three parameters: Total Acid Number, viscosity, and percent

water content. The condemning limits for these parameters are as follows:

Total Acid Number increases by more than 3.0 milligrams of potassium

hydroxide (KOH) per gram from Total Acid Number of the oil when new;

viscosity of the oil has changed by more than 20 percent from the

viscosity of the oil when new; or percent water content (by volume) is

greater than 0.5. If all of these condemning limits are not exceeded, the

engine owner or operator is not required to change the oil. If any of the

limits are exceeded, the engine owner or operator must change the oil

within 2 business days of receiving the results of the analysis; if the engine

is not in operation when the results of the analysis are received, the engine

owner or operator must change the oil within 2 business days or before

commencing operation, whichever is later. The owner or operator must

keep records of the parameters that are analyzed as part of the program,

the results of the analysis, and the oil changes for the engine. The analysis

program must be part of the maintenance plan for the engine.

[40 CFR 63.6625]

2.1.5. Continuous Compliance Requirements

2.1.5.1.

For E001, E002 and E003: you must demonstrate continuous compliance

with each operating limitation and other requirements in Table 2d to this

subpart that apply to you according to methods specified in Table 6 to this

subpart.

Table 6 to Subpart ZZZZ of Part 63 – Continuous Compliance with Emission Limitations and

other Requirements

36

As stated in §63.6640, you must continuously comply with the emissions and operating limitations and work or management

practices as required by the following:

For Each…

9. Existing non-emergency 4SRB

stationary RICE >500 HP located at an

area source of HAP that are remote

stationary RICE and existing emergency

and black start stationary RICE located

at an area source of HAP

Complying with the

requirement to…

a. Work or

Management

practices

You must demonstrate continuous

compliance by…

i. Operating and maintaining the

stationary RICE according to the

manufacturer's emission-related

operation and maintenance

instructions; or

ii. Develop and follow your own

maintenance plan which must

provide to the extent practicable for

the maintenance and operation of the

engine in a manner consistent with

good air pollution control practice for

minimizing emissions.

2.1.5.2.

For E001, E002 and E003: you must report each instance in which you did

not meet each operating limitation in Table 2d to this subpart that apply to

you. These instances are deviations from the emission and operating

limitations in this subpart. These deviations must be reported according to

the requirements in §63.6650.

2.1.5.3.

For E001, E002 and E003: you must also report each instance in which

you did not meet the requirements in Table 8 to this subpart that apply to

you.

2.1.6. Notifications, Reports, and Records

2.1.6.1

For E001, E002, and E003, you must submit all of the notifications in

§§63.7(b) and (c), 63.8(e), (f)(4) and (f)(6), 63.9(b) through (e), and (g)

and (h) that apply by the dates specified.

[40 CFR 63.6645]

2.1.6.2.

You must keep the records required in Table 6 of this subpart to show

continuous compliance with each emission or operating limitation that

applies to you.

[40 CFR 63.6655(d)]

2.1.6.3.

For E001, E002 and E003: you must keep records of the maintenance

conducted on the stationary RICE in order to demonstrate that you

operated and maintained the stationary RICE and after-treatment control

device (if any) according to your own maintenance plan.

[40 CFR 63.6655(e)]

37

2.1.6.3.1.

In order to demonstrate compliance with the maintenance

requirements, maintenance records will record the information

including, but not limited to, the following:

2.1.6.3.1.1.

Date the maintenance activity occurred

2.1.6.3.1.2.

Hours of engine operation

2.1.6.3.1.3.

Engine serial number

2.1.6.3.1.4.

If an engine oil sample was pulled, if the engine oil analysis

program is allowed under §63.6625(j)

2.1.6.3.1.5.

If the engine oil was replaced

2.1.6.3.1.6.

If the engine oil filter was replaced

2.1.6.3.1.7.

If the belts were inspected or replaced

2.1.6.3.1.8.

If the hoses were inspected or replaced

2.1.6.3.1.9.

If the sparkplugs were inspected or replaced

[40 CFR 63.6655 and RAC 2-110(6)]

2.1.6.4.

Records must be kept in a form suitable and readily available for

expeditious review according to §63.10(b)(1).

2.1.6.5.

As specified in §63.10(b)(1), the permittee must keep each record for 5

years following the date of each occurrence, measurement, maintenance,

corrective action, report, or record.

2.1.6.6.

The permittee must keep each record readily accessible in hard copy or

electronic form for at least 5 years after the date of each occurrence,

measurement, maintenance, corrective action, report, or record, according

to §63.10(b)(1).

[40 CFR 63.6660]

2.1.7. Other Requirements and Information

38

2.1.7.1.

Table 8 to this subpart shows which parts of the General Provisions in

§§63.1 through 63.15 apply to the permittee.

[40 CFR 63.6665]

Table 8 to Subpart ZZZZ of Part 63—Applicability of General Provisions to Subpart ZZZZ

General provisions

Subject of citation

citation

Applies to subpart

§63.1

General applicability of the General

Provisions

Yes.

§63.2

Definitions

Yes

§63.3

Units and abbreviations

Yes.

§63.4

Prohibited activities and

circumvention

Yes.

§63.5

Construction and reconstruction

Yes.

§63.6(a)

Applicability

Yes.

§63.6(b)(1)-(4)

Compliance dates for new and

reconstructed sources

Yes.

§63.6(b)(5)

Notification

Yes.

§63.6(b)(7)

Compliance dates for new and

reconstructed area sources that

become major sources

Yes.

§63.6(c)(1)-(2)

Compliance dates for existing sources Yes.

§63.6(c)(5)

Compliance dates for existing area

sources that become major sources

§63.6(f)(2)

Methods for determining compliance Yes.

§63.6(f)(3)

Finding of compliance

Yes.

§63.6(g)(1)-(3)

Use of alternate standard

Yes.

§63.6(i)

Compliance extension procedures and Yes.

criteria

§63.6(j)

Presidential compliance exemption

Yes.

§63.7(a)(1)-(2)

Performance test dates

Yes

§63.7(a)(3)

CAA section 114 authority

Yes.

§63.7(b)(1)

Notification of performance test

Yes

Except that §63.7(b)(1) only applies as

specified in §63.6645.

§63.7(b)(2)

Notification of rescheduling

Yes

Except that §63.7(b)(2) only applies as

specified in §63.6645.

§63.7(c)

Quality assurance/test plan

Yes

Except that §63.7(c) only applies as specified

in §63.6645.

§63.7(d)

Testing facilities

Yes.

Explanation

Additional terms defined in §63.6675.

Yes.

39

Subpart ZZZZ contains performance test dates

at §§63.6610, 63.6611, and 63.6612.

§63.7(e)(2)

Conduct of performance tests and

reduction of data

Yes

Subpart ZZZZ specifies test methods at

§63.6620.

§63.7(e)(3)

Test run duration

Yes.

§63.7(e)(4)

Administrator may require other

Yes.

testing under section 114 of the CAA

§63.7(f)

Alternative test method provisions

Yes.

§63.7(g)

Performance test data analysis,

recordkeeping, and reporting

Yes.

§63.7(h)

Waiver of tests

Yes.

§63.8(a)(1)

Applicability of monitoring

requirements

Yes

§63.8(a)(2)

Performance specifications

Yes.

§63.8(b)(1)

Monitoring

Yes.

§63.8(b)(2)-(3)

Multiple effluents and multiple

monitoring systems

Yes.

§63.8(c)(1)

Monitoring system operation and

maintenance

Yes.

§63.8(c)(1)(ii)

SSM not in Startup Shutdown

Malfunction Plan

Yes.

§63.8(c)(2)-(3)

Monitoring system installation

Yes.

§63.8(c)(4)

Continuous monitoring system

(CMS) requirements

Yes

Except that subpart ZZZZ does not require

Continuous Opacity Monitoring System

(COMS).

§63.8(c)(6)-(8)

CMS requirements

Yes

Except that subpart ZZZZ does not require

COMS.

§63.8(d)

CMS quality control

Yes.

§63.8(e)

CMS performance evaluation

Yes

Subpart ZZZZ contains specific requirements

for monitoring at §63.6625.

Except for §63.8(e)(5)(ii), which applies to

COMS.

Except that

§63.8(e) only applies

as specified in

§63.6645.

§63.8(f)(1)-(5)

Alternative monitoring method

Yes

Except that §63.8(f)(4) only applies as

specified in §63.6645.

§63.8(f)(6)

Alternative to relative accuracy test

Yes

Except that §63.8(f)(6) only applies as

specified in §63.6645.

§63.8(g)

Data reduction

Yes

Except that provisions for COMS are not

applicable. Averaging periods for

demonstrating compliance are specified at

§§63.6635 and 63.6640.

§63.9(a)

Applicability and State delegation of Yes.

notification requirements

§63.9(b)(1)-(5)

Initial notifications

Yes

40

Except that §63.9(b)(3) is reserved.

Except that

§63.9(b) only applies

as specified in

§63.6645.

§63.9(c)

Request for compliance extension

Yes

Except that §63.9(c) only applies as specified

in §63.6645.

§63.9(d)

Notification of special compliance

requirements for new sources

Yes

Except that §63.9(d) only applies as specified

in §63.6645.

§63.9(e)

Notification of performance test

Yes

Except that §63.9(e) only applies as specified

in §63.6645.

§63.9(g)(1)

Notification of performance

evaluation

Yes

Except that §63.9(g) only applies as specified

in §63.6645.

§63.9(g)(3)

Notification that criterion for

alternative to RATA is exceeded

Yes

If alternative is in use.

Except that

§63.9(g) only applies

as specified in

§63.6645.

§63.9(h)(1)-(6)

Notification of compliance status

Yes

Except that notifications for sources using a

CEMS are due 30 days after completion of

performance evaluations. §63.9(h)(4) is

reserved.

Except that §63.9(h) only applies as specified

in §63.6645.

§63.9(i)

Adjustment of submittal deadlines

Yes.

§63.9(j)

Change in previous information

Yes.

§63.10(a)

Administrative provisions for

recordkeeping/reporting

Yes.

§63.10(b)(1)

Record retention

Yes

§63.10(b)(2)(vi)(xi)

Records

Yes.

§63.10(b)(2)(xii)

Record when under waiver

Yes.

§63.10(b)(2)(xiii)

Records when using alternative to

RATA

Yes

§63.10(b)(2)(xiv)

Records of supporting documentation Yes.

§63.10(b)(3)

Records of applicability

determination

§63.10(c)

Additional records for sources using Yes

CEMS

§63.10(d)(1)

General reporting requirements

Yes.

§63.10(d)(2)

Report of performance test results

Yes.

§63.10(d)(4)

Progress reports

Yes.

Except that the most recent 2 years of data do

not have to be retained on site.

For CO standard if using RATA alternative.

Yes.

41

Except that §63.10(c)(2)-(4) and (9) are

reserved.

§63.10(e)(1) and

(2)(i)

Additional CMS Reports

Yes.

§63.10(e)(3)

Excess emission and parameter

exceedances reports

Yes.

§63.10(f)

Waiver for recordkeeping/reporting

Yes.

§63.12

State authority and delegations

Yes.

§63.13

Addresses

Yes.

§63.14

Incorporation by reference

Yes.

§63.15

Availability of information

Yes.

Except that §63.10(e)(3)(i)(C) is reserved.

[75 FR 9688, Mar. 3, 2010, as amended at 78 FR 6720, Jan. 30, 2013]

[40 CFR 63.6670]

Reserved – Tribal Minor New Source Review

Reserved – Prevention of Significant Deterioration Requirements

Reserved – Consent Decree Requirements

Reserved – Compliance Assurance Monitoring (CAM) Requirements

Enhanced Monitoring, Recordkeeping, and Reporting

7.1. Any documents required to be submitted under this Title V operating permit, including

but not limited to, reports, test data, monitoring data, notifications, compliance

certifications, fee calculation worksheets, and applications for renewals and permit

modifications shall be submitted to the Tribe:

by email at: airqualty@southernute-nsn.gov

or by United States Postal Service:

Part 70 Program Environmental

Programs Department

Air Quality Division

P.O. Box 737 MS #84

Ignacio, Colorado 81137

Inspection Information

or by Common Carrier:

Part 70 Program Environmental

Programs Department

Air Quality Division

398 Ouray Drive

Ignacio, CO 81137

Section IV – Appendix

1.1. Driving Directions:

42

From Ignacio, go south on state highway 151 past mile marker 9 to county road 330.

Travel approximately 1 mile east on county road 330 to the Tiffany Compressor Station.

1.2. Global Positioning System (GPS):

Latitude:

Longitude:

37.05054° N

-107.5121694° W

1.3. Safety Considerations:

PSCO requires all visitors to the Tiffany Compressor Station to be escorted and wear a

hard hat, eye protection, safety shoes, and hearing protection. No smoking is allowed on

the property.

43

This is a copy of a public record, reproduced as it was published. It is not legal advice, and it may not be the version a court would rely on. Check the official source before you cite it.

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AIR QUALITY DIVISION (2022) | Frix