FOREST COUNTY POTAWATOMI COMMUNITY (2023)

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FOREST COUNTY POTAWATOMI COMMUNITY

RESIDENTIAL BUILDING CODE

§ 1.

General

1.1.

Purpose

The purpose of this Code is to establish uniform construction standards and inspection procedures

for one- and two-family Dwellings on Tribal Lands. The provisions of this Code apply to all of the

following:

(a) All one- and two-family Dwellings built or Structurally Altered after the effective date

of this Code;

(b) All Garages, Carports, Porches, stoops, Decks, Balconies, Stairways, and similar

structures, that were constructed or had a production date after the effective date of this

Code, and that are Attached to any Dwelling.

Dwelling.

1.2.

Authority

The Forest County Potawatomi Community General Council enacts this Ordinance pursuant to its

authority granted under the Forest County Potawatomi Community Tribal Constitution, Article

IV, §1(d).

1.3.

Effective Date and Title

This Ordinance is hereby adopted immediately following the majority approval from the Forest

County Potawatomi Community General Council and it shall be known as the Forest County

Potawatomi Community Residential Building Code.

1.4.

Sovereign Immunity

The Tribe, by adoption of this Ordinance, does not waive its sovereign immunity in any respect.

Any Person acting under good faith of this Ordinance shall be immune from any civil liability

arising out of such actions.

1.5.

Amendment or Repeal

This Ordinance may be amended or repealed by a majority vote of the Forest County Potawatomi

Community General Council. Due to the extensive nature of this Code, the Public Works Division

{00977912.1}

may propose technical amendments to Executive Council on an annual basis. Such technical

amendments may only correct clear errors in the Code. All nontechnical amendments must be

approved by the General Council.

1.6

Jurisdiction

The Forest County Potawatomi Community Tribal Court shall have original jurisdiction over all

proceedings under this Ordinance.

1.7

Interpretation

The Forest County Potawatomi Community Tribal Court shall defer to the Public Works

Division’s reasonable interpretation of this Ordinance, including the amount of any fine imposed

or corrective action taken. The Court shall follow an “Abuse of Discretion” standard in any review

of the Division’s interpretation or action.

Legislative History for Forest County Potawatomi Community Residential Building Code:

Recommended by the Ordinance Department ............................................... (4/17/2023)

Approved by Executive Council ..................................................................... (5/8/2023)

{00977912.1}

Approved by General Council ........................................................................ (5/13/2023)

{00977912.1}

Forest County Potawatomi Community

Code requirements in addition to WI UDC

The provisions on this list shall supersede any conflicting language in the UDC or

this Code.

Attic/ceiling insulation must achieve at minimum R-49.

Exterior wall insulation must achieve at minimum R-21.

Increase minimum stair headroom to 80".

Increase roof live load to 50 lbs/sq.ft.

Spray application of closed cell polystyrene for air sealing in box sills, new exterior wall

construction, and above wall to proper vent is required.

Heat Recovery Ventilator {HRV} or Energy Recovery Ventilator {ERV} for proper air exchange is

mandatory in all new construction.

10" minimum tread depth and 7-3/4" maximum tread rise for conventional stairways.

Any new or replacement atmospheric vent water heaters and furnaces are not allowed.

Contractor is responsible for installing all radon control methods identified by the Department.

See International Residential Code (IRC} Appendix F, Radon Control Methods. APPENDIX F

RADON CONTROL METHODS. 2018 International Residential Code (IRC) I ICC Digital Codes

(iccsafe.org)

10. Any full height basement constructed after the adoption of this Code shall have at least two

means of egress.

11. Exhaust Discharge, domestic cooking exhaust equipment shall discharge to the outdoors

through a duct. The duct shall have a smooth interior surface, shall be airtight, shall be equipped

with a backdraft damper, and shall be independent of all other exhaust systems.

12. Erosion Mat needs to be made of natural fiber {Urban Class I}.

13. All use of polymers for sediment control in waters must be approved by Land and Natural

Resources Division.

14. All construction site erosion control seed selection must be approved by Land and Natural

Resources Division.

15. Contractor shall be responsible for removing all silt fence when notified by the Department that

vegetation has been established or be subject to civil forfeiture.

16. Setback encumbrances. (see chart}

Code Comparison •POWTS Code S"tback Encumbrances (ft)

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Horirontal Separation

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Chapter SPS 320

ADMINISTRATION AND ENFORCEMENT

SPS 320.01

SPS 320.02

SPS 320.03

SPS 320.04

SPS 320.05

Purpose.

Scope.

Effective date.

Applications.

Exemptions.

Subchapter I — Purpose and Scope

Subchapter II — Jurisdiction

SPS 320.06 Procedure for municipalities.

SPS 320.065 State jurisdiction.

SPS 320.07 Definitions.

Subchapter III — Definitions

Subchapter IV — Approval and Inspection of One- and Two-Family Dwellings

SPS 320.08 Wisconsin uniform building permit.

SPS 320.09 Procedure for obtaining a uniform building permit.

SPS 320.10 Inspections.

SPS 320.11 Suspension or revocation of Wisconsin uniform building permit.

Subchapter V — Approval and Inspection of Modular Homes and Their Components

SPS 320.12 Scope. (Intentionally omitted)

SPS 320.13 Manufacture, sale, and Installation of homes.

SPS 320.14 Approval procedures.

SPS 320.15 Effect of approval. (Intentionally omitted)

SPS 320.16 Suspension and revocation of approval. (Intentionally omitted)

SPS 320.17 Effect of suspension and revocation. (Intentionally omitted)

Subchapter VI — Approval of Products

SPS 320.18 Building product approvals.

SPS 320.19

SPS 320.20

SPS 320.21

SPS 320.22

Subchapter VII — Variances, Appeals, Violations and Penalties

Petition for variance.

Municipal variance from the Code. (Intentionally omitted)

Appeals of orders, determinations, and for extension of time.

Penalties and violations.

Subchapter IX — Adoption of Standards

SPS 320.24 Adoption of standards.

Subchapter I — Purpose and Scope

SPS 320.01 Purpose.

(1) The purpose of this Code is to establish uniform construction standards and inspection procedures

for one- and two-family Dwellings on Tribal Lands.

SPS 320.02 Scope.

(1) General. The provisions of this Code apply to all of the following:

(a) All one- and two-family Dwellings built or Structurally Altered after the effective date under

SPS 320.03.

Note: This includes site-built Dwellings, Manufactured buildings used as Dwellings, Modular

Homes and Dwellings that may be designated as cabins, seasonal homes, temporary residences,

etc., (except for Manufactured or HUD homes, which are covered separately under this section).

(g) All Garages, Carports, Porches, stoops, Decks, Balconies, Stairways, and similar structures, that

were constructed or had a production date after the effective date under SPS 320.03, and that are

Attached to any Dwelling.

(h) Adjacent, unattached structures listed under par. (g) that serve as an Exit from a Dwelling.

(6) LANDSCAPING. Except for construction Erosion control, the scope of this Code does not extend to

driveways, sidewalks, landscaping, and other similar features not having an impact on the Dwelling

structure. SPS 320.03 Effective date. The effective date of this ordinance.

SPS 320.04 Applications.

(1) NEW DWELLINGS.

(a) This Code applies to all Dwellings, Dwelling Units, and Foundations for Dwelling Units, for

which the building permit application was made, or construction commenced after the effective

date of this Code.

(b) All Dwellings covered under par. (a) shall meet the requirements of Ch. SPS 321.

1. The Installation of heating, air conditioning, plumbing or electrical systems is not required.

2. If any of the systems under subd. 1. are installed, the systems and their Installation shall

comply with this Code.

3. If a heating or air conditioning system is installed, the Dwelling shall comply with ch. SPS

322.

(2) ADDITIONS AND ALTERATIONS. Additions and Alteration s to Dwellings covered by this Code shall

comply with all provisions of this Code at the time of permit application or the beginning of the project

if no permit is required.

(4) CHANGE OF USE. A building previously used for another purpose, such as a barn or Garage, shall

comply with this Code upon conversion to residential use.

(5) REUSE OF A DWELLING OR FOUNDATION.

(a) Existing Dwelling or Manufactured Home placed on a different Foundation. Where an

existing Dwelling or Manufactured Home is placed on a different Foundation, the new Foundation

is considered an Addition or Alteration to the existing Dwelling or Manufactured Home.

Note: The applicability of this Code to an Addition or Alteration to an existing Dwelling or

Manufactured Home is determined by the original date of construction of the Dwelling or

Manufactured Home and is not altered by any movement of the structure.

(b) New Dwelling or Manufactured Home. A new Dwelling or Manufactured Home placed on a

new or existing Foundation shall meet the permitting, construction and inspection requirements of

a new Dwelling or Manufactured Home.

(6) SEPARATED BUILDINGS. For a building to be considered a separate single-family Dwelling or a

separate 2-family Dwelling within the scope of this Code, regardless of ownership or occupancy

arrangements, all of the following conditions shall be met:

(a) No structural members other than a common footing may be shared between any 2 Dwellings.

Note: Two separated, insulated Foundation walls may share the same structural footing.

(b) The adjoining exterior walls of the separate Dwellings shall each have exterior coverings

meeting the requirements of SPS 321.24.

the energy requirements under ch. SPS 322, irrespective of any adjacent Dwelling.

(d) Both sides of any 2 adjoining walls, floors, ceilings and Attics between Dwellings shall meet

the Dwelling separation requirements of SPS 321.08 (1) for 2 Dwellings on the same property less

than 5 feet apart.

Note: 1. Flashing is acceptable to connect the roofs between Dwelling Units. See Ch. SPS 325

Appendix A for further information.

SPS 320.05 Exemptions.

(1) EXISTING DWELLINGS. The provisions of this Code shall not apply to Dwellings and Dwelling

Units, or to Additions or Alterations to such Dwellings, the construction of which was commenced prior

to the effective date of this Code.

(3) REPAIRS. The provisions of this Code do not apply to Repairs or maintenance to Dwellings or

Dwelling Units, or to the Repair of electrical, plumbing, heating, Ventilating, air conditioning and other

systems installed therein.

(4) ACCESSORY BUILDINGS. With the exception of SPS 321.08 (1), the provisions of this Code do not

apply to detached Garages or to any Accessory Buildings detached from the Dwelling.

(5) DETACHED DECKS. The provisions of this Code do not apply to detached Decks provided the Deck

does not serve an Exit from the Dwelling.

(6) FARM BUILDINGS. The provisions of this Code do not apply to the buildings used exclusively for

farm operations and not for human habitation.

Subchapter III — Definitions

SPS 320.07 Definitions. In chs. SPS 320 to 325:

(1) “Accessory Building" means a Detached Building, not used as a Dwelling Unit but is incidental to

that of the main building and which is located on the same lot. Accessory Building does not mean farm

building.

(2) “Addition" means new construction performed on a Dwelling which increases the outside

dimensions of the Dwelling.

(3) “Allowable Stress" means the specified maximum permissible Stress of a material expressed in

load per unit area.

(4) “Alteration" means an enhancement, upgrade or substantial change or modification other than an

Addition or Repair to a Dwelling or to electrical, plumbing, heating, Ventilating, air conditioning and

other systems within a Dwelling.

(5) “Approved" means an approval by the Public Works Division. (Approval is not to be construed as

an assumption of any legal responsibility for the design or construction of the Dwelling or Building

Component).

(5m) “Attached" defining the relationship between another building and a Dwelling, means at least

one of the following conditions is present:

(a) There is a continuous, weatherproof roof between the two structures.

Note: The sides are not required to be enclosed with walls.

(b) There is a continuous, structural floor system between the two structures.

(6) “Attic" means a space under the roof and above the ceiling of the topmost part of a Dwelling.

(6a) “Authorized Inspector " (previously “Certified Inspector” means a person authorized by the

Public Works Division to engage in the administration and enforcement of this Code.

(7) A “Balcony" is a landing or Porch projecting from the wall of a building.

(7m) “Base Flood Elevation" means the depth or peak elevation of flooding, including wave height,

which has a one percent or greater chance of occurring in any given year.

(8) “Basement" means that portion of a Dwelling below the First Floor or Ground Floor with its entire

floor below grade.

(8m) “Best Management Practices" means practices, techniques, or measures that the Department

determines to be effective means of preventing or reducing pollutants of surface water generated from

construction sites.

(9) “Building Component" means any subsystem, subassembly or other system designed for use in or

as part of a structure, which may include structural, electrical, mechanical, plumbing and fire protection

systems and other systems affecting health and safety.

(10) “Building System" means plans, specifications and documentation for a system of Manufactured

building or for a type or a system of Building Components, which may include structural, electrical,

mechanical, plumbing and variations which are submitted as part of the Building System.

(10m) “Business Day" means any day the Public Works Division is open for business.

(10t) “Carport" means a structure used for storing motorized vehicles that is Attached to a Dwelling

and that has at least 2 sides completely unenclosed.

(11) “Ceiling Height" means the clear vertical distance from the finished floor to the finished ceiling.

(12m) “Ch. SPS 325 Appendix" means chs. SPS 320 to 325 Appendix.

(13) “Chimney" is one or more vertical, or nearly so, passageways or flues for the purpose of conveying

flue gases to the atmosphere.

(14) “Chimney Connector" Same as smoke pipe.

(15) “Closed Construction" means any building, Building Component, assembly, or system

Manufactured in such a manner that it cannot be inspected before Installation at the building site without

disassembly, damage, or destruction.

(15g) “Coarse Aggregate" means granular material, such as gravel or crushed stone, that is

predominately retained on a sieve with square openings of 4.75 mm or 0.18 inch.

(15m) “Coastal Floodplain" means an area along the coast of Lake Michigan or Lake Superior below

Base Flood Elevation that is subject to wave runup or wave heights of 3 feet or more.

(16) “Code" means the Forest County Potawatomi Community Residential Building Code.

(17) “Combustion Air” means the total amount of air necessary for the complete combustion of a fuel.

(18) “Common Use Area” means Kitchens, hallways, Basements, Garages, and all Habitable Rooms.

Note: These areas must meet the circulation requirements under SPS 321.035.

(19) “Compliance Assurance Program” means the detailed system documentation and methods of

assuring that Manufactured Dwellings and Dwelling components are Manufactured, stored, transported,

assembled, handled, and installed in accordance with this Code.

(19m) “Composting Toilet System” means a method that collects, stores, and converts by bacterial

digestion nonliquid-carried human wastes or organic Kitchen wastes, or both, into humus.

(19r) “Control Practice" means a method or device implemented to prevent or reduce Erosion or the

resulting deposition of soil or sediment.

(20) “Cooling Load" is the rate at which heat must be removed from the space to maintain a selected

indoor air temperature during periods of design outdoor weather conditions.

(21) “Dead Load" means the vertical load due to all permanent structural and nonstructural

components of the building such as joists, rafters, sheathing, finishes and construction assemblies such

as walls, partitions, floors, ceilings and roofs, and systems.

(21m) “Deck" means an unenclosed exterior structure, attached or adjacent to the exterior wall of a

building, which has a floor, but no roof.

(23) “Department" for the purposes of this Code, means the FCPC Public Works Division.

(24) “Detached Building " means any building which is not physically connected to the Dwelling.

(24m) “Dilution Air" means air that is provided for the purpose of mixing with flue gases in a draft

hood or draft regulator.

(24r) “Direct-Vent Appliance" means a gas-burning appliance that is constructed and installed so that

all air for combustion is derived directly from the outside atmosphere and all flue gases are discharged

to the outside atmosphere.

(xx) “Division” means a unit of Tribal government that reports directly to the Executive Council.

(25) “Dwelling" means any building, the Initial Construction of which is commenced on or after the

effective date of this Code, which contains one or 2 Dwelling Units.

(26) “Dwelling Contractor" means any person, firm or corporation engaged in the business of

performing Erosion control or construction work such as framing, roofing, siding, insulating, masonry,

or Window replacement work covered under this Code and who takes out a building permit. “Dwelling

Contractor" does not include the Owner of an existing Dwelling, an Owner who will reside in a new

Dwelling or a person, firm or corporation engaging exclusively in electrical, plumbing, or heating,

ventilating and air conditioning work.

(27) “Dwelling Unit" means a structure, or that part of a structure, which is used or intended to be used

as a home, residence or sleeping place by one person or by 2 or more persons maintaining a common

household, to the exclusion of all others.

(28t) “Erosion" means the detachment and movement of soil, sediment or rock fragments by water,

wind, ice, or gravity.

(29) “Exit" means a direct, continuous, unobstructed means of egress from inside the Dwelling to the

exterior of the Dwelling.

(33m) “Fire Blocking" means a material or device used to retard or prevent the spread of flame or hot

gases through concealed spaces into adjacent rooms or areas.

(34) “Firebox" means that part of the fireplace used as the combustion chamber.

(34e) “First Floor" means the first-floor level above any Ground Floor or Basement or, in the absence

of a Ground Floor or Basement, means the lowest floor level in the Dwelling.

(34f) “Flight" means a continuous series of risers and treads, with no intermediate Landings.

(34g) “Flood Fringe Area" means that portion of the Floodplain outside of the Floodway that is at or

below Base Flood Elevation. The term “flood fringe" is intended to designate an area of standing, rather

than flowing, water.

(34h) “Floodplain" means land which is subject to flooding which is at or below Base Flood Elevation.

The Floodplain includes the Floodway and Flood Fringe Areas.

(34i) “Floodway" means the channel of a river or stream and those portions of the Floodplain adjoining

the channel required to carry the flood discharge. The term “Floodway" is intended to designate an area

of flowing, rather than standing, water.

(34s) “Foundation" means the structural system used to transfer the weight of the building to the earth.

Note: The Foundation may include one or more components such as footings, piers, columns, slabs,

and walls.

(35) “Garage" means a structure used for storing motorized vehicles that has any more than 2 sides

completely enclosed.

(36) “Gas Appliance" means any device that uses gas as a fuel or raw material to produce light, heat,

power, refrigeration, or air conditioning.

(36m) “Ground Floor" means that level of a Dwelling, below the First Floor, located on a site with a

sloping or multilevel grade and which has a portion of its floor line at grade.

(36r) “Guard" means a barrier erected to prevent a person from falling to a lower level.

(37) “Habitable Room" means any room used for sleeping, living, or dining purposes, excluding such

enclosed places as Kitchens, closets, pantries, bath or toilet rooms, hallways, laundries, storage spaces,

utility rooms, and similar spaces.

(37m) “Handrail" means a horizontal or sloping rail intended for grasping by a hand, for guidance or

support or preventing a fall down a Stair.

(38) “Hearth" means the floor area within the fire chamber of a fireplace.

(38m) “Hearth Extension" means the surfacing applied to the floor area extending in front of and at

the sides of the fireplace opening.

(40) “Heating Load" is the estimated heat loss of each room or space to be heated, based on

maintaining a selected indoor air temperature during periods of design outdoor weather conditions. The

total heat load includes: the transmission losses of heat transmitted through the wall, floor, ceiling, glass,

or other surfaces; and either the infiltration losses or heat required to warm outdoor air used for

ventilation.

Note: Infiltration losses include heat required to warm outside air which leaks through cracks and

crevices, around doors and Windows or through open doors and Windows.

(40m) “Hollow Unit" means a masonry unit which has a net cross-sectional area parallel to the bearing

face which is less than 75% of the gross cross-sectional area.

(40t) “Incinerating Toilet" means a self-contained device for the treatment of nonliquid carried wastes

that deposits the wastes directly into a combustion chamber, reduces the solid portion to ash and

evaporates the liquid portion.

(41) “Independent Inspection Agency" means any person, firm, association, partnership, or

corporation certified by the Department to perform certified inspections under this Code.

(42) “Initial Construction" means the date of issuance of the building permit.

(44) “Installation" means the assembly of a Manufactured building on site and the process of affixing

a Manufactured building to land, a Foundation, footing or an existing building.

(46) “Kitchen" means an area used, or designed to be used, for the preparation of food.

(46m) “Land Disturbing Construction Activity" means any man-made alteration of the land surface

resulting in a change in the topography or existing vegetative or non-vegetative soil cover, that may

result in storm water runoff and lead to an increase in soil Erosion and movement of sediment. Land

Disturbing Construction Activity includes clearing and grubbing, demolition, excavating, pit or trench

dewatering, filling, and grading activities.

(47) “Landing" means the level portion of a Stairs located between Flights of Stairs or located at the

top and base of a Stairs.

(48) “Listed and Listing" means equipment or Building Components which are tested by an

independent testing agency and accepted by the Department.

(49) “Live Load" means the weight superimposed on the floors, roof, and structural and nonstructural

components of the Dwelling through use and by snow, ice, or rain.

(50) “Loft" means an upper room or floor which has at least 50% of the common wall open to the floor

below. The opening may be infringed upon by an open Guard constructed in compliance with SPS

321.04 (2), but not by a Window or half-wall Guard. All Habitable Rooms of Lofts are open to the floor

below.

(51) “Manufacture" means the process of making, fabricating, constructing, forming, or assembling a

product from raw, unfinished, semifinished, or finished materials.

(52m) “Manufactured Home" means any of the following:

(am) A structure that is designed to be used as a Dwelling with a permanent Foundation and that is

certified by the federal Department of Housing and Urban Development as complying with the

standards established under 42 USC 5401 to 5425.

(53a) “Mobile Home" means a vehicle Manufactured or assembled before June 15, 1976, designed to

be towed as a single unit or in sections upon a highway by a motor vehicle and equipped and used, or

intended to be used, primarily for human habitation, with walls of rigid un-collapsible construction,

which has an overall length in excess of 45 feet. `Mobile Home' includes the Mobile Home structure, its

plumbing, heating, air conditioning and electrical systems, and all appliances and all other equipment

carrying a Manufacturer's warranty."

(53) “Mechanical Drat Venting System" means a Venting system for a gas burning appliance that is

designed to remove flue or Vent gases by mechanical means, such as a fan, which may consist of an

induced draft portion under non-positive static pressure or a forced draft portion under positive static

pressure.

(53f) “Modular Home" means any structure or component thereof which is intended for use as a

Dwelling and:

a. Is of Closed Construction and fabricated or assembled on-site or off-site in manufacturing

facilities for Installation, connection, or assembly and Installation, at the building site; or

b. Is a building of Open Construction which is made or assembled in manufacturing facilities away

from the building site for Installation, connection, or assembly and Installation, on the building site

and for which certification is sought by the Manufacturer.

(53m) “Multiple Station Smoke Alarm" means an assembly that incorporates the smoke detector, the

control equipment, and the alarm-sounding device in one unit that is capable of being interconnected

with one or more additional alarms so that the actuation of one alarm causes the operation of all

interconnected alarms.

(54) “Multi-Wythe Wall" is a masonry wall composed of 2 or more wythes of masonry units tied or

bonded together.

(55m) “Naturally Vented Appliance" means an appliance with a Venting system designed to remove

flue or Vent gases under non-positive static Vent pressure entirely by natural draft.

(56) “Open Construction" means any building, Building Component, assembly, or system

Manufactured in such a manner that it can be readily inspected at the building site without disassembly,

damage, or destruction.

(57) “Owner" means any person having a legal or equitable interest in the Dwelling.

(58) “Perm" means a unit of permeance which is measured in grains per (hour) (square foot) (inch of

mercury vapor pressure difference).

Note: The lower the Perm rating of a material is, the more difficult it is for water vapor to pass

through it.

(59) “Pilaster" is a projection of masonry or a filled cell area of masonry for the purpose of bearing

concentrated loads or to stiffen the wall against lateral forces.

(59m) “Porch" means an unenclosed exterior structure at or near grade attached or adjacent to the

exterior wall of any building and having a roof and floor.

(59t) “Privy" means an enclosed nonportable toilet into which non-water-carried human wastes are

deposited to a subsurface storage chamber.

(61) “Repair" means the act or process of restoring to original soundness, including redecorating,

refinishing, nonstructural Repairs or maintenance, or the replacement of existing fixtures, systems or

equipment with the equivalent fixture, system, or equipment.

(62) “Shingle" means a unit of roof-covering material that has been Manufactured to specific

dimensions and is applied in overlapping fashion. “Shingle" includes all of the following:

(a) “Fiberglass Asphalt Shingle" means a type of Shingle with an internal mat composed of

nonwoven, resin-bonded glass fibers, that is impregnated and coated with asphalt.

(b) “Laminated Shingle" means a Shingle with a second layer of asphalt and mat laminated to the

first layer, usually in a design pattern to simulate the dimensional appearance of natural slate or

wood shakes.

such as cellulose, that is saturated and coated with asphalt.

(d) “Strip Shingle" means a rectangular Shingle that relies either on a sealant or on a combination

of weight and stiffness to resist wind uplift, rather than using interlocking tabs.

(63) A “Single-Wythe Wall" is a masonry wall consisting of one unit of thickness.

(64) A “Smoke Chamber" is that part of a fireplace which acts as a funnel to compress the smoke and

gases from the fire so that they will enter the Chimney above.

(65) A “smoke pipe" is a connector between the solid or liquid fuel-burning appliance and the

Chimney.

(65m) “Solid Unit" means a masonry unit which has a net cross-sectional area parallel to the bearing

face which is 75% or more of the gross cross-sectional area.

(65r) “Stabilized" means the condition where vegetation is established, or other practices are in place

on exposed soil surfaces so as to reduce Erosion.

(66) “Stair," “Stairs," or “Stairway" means one or more risers and the necessary treads, which form

a continuous passage from one elevation to another. Multiple Stairways can be connected by platforms

and Landings.

(68) A “Story" is that portion of a building located above the Basement, between the floor and the

ceiling.

(69) A “Stove" is a nonportable solid-fuel-burning, Vented, non-ducted heat-producing appliance

located in the space that it is intended to heat. This definition does not include cooking appliances.

(70) “Stovepipe" Same as smoke pipe.

(71) “Strain" means a change in the physical shape of a material caused by Stress.

(72) “Stress" means internal resistance to an external force expressed in load per unit area; Stresses

acting perpendicular (compression or tension) to the surface, shear Stresses acting in the plane of the

surface or bending Stresses which cause curving.

(73) “Structurally Altered” means any change to a supporting member of a building including

Foundations, bearing walls, or partitions, columns, beams, girders, or any structural change in the roof

or exterior wall.

(74) “Structural Analysis" is a branch of the physical sciences which uses the principles of mechanics

in analyzing the impact of loads and forces and their effect on the physical properties of materials in the

form of internal Stress and Strain.

(75) The “Throat" of a fireplace is the slot-like opening above the Firebox through which flames,

smoke, and other products of combustion pass into the Smoke Chamber.

(75a) “Tribal Lands” means all lands of the Forest County Potawatomi Community, the legal title to

which is held by the United States of America.

(75m) “UDC" means Wisconsin Uniform Dwelling Code.

(76) “Vent" means a vertical flue or passageway to Vent fuel-burning appliances.

(77) A “Vent Connector" is a connector between a fuel-burning appliance and the Chimney or Vent.

(77f) “Water-Resistive Barrier" means a material, including flashing, behind an exterior wall

covering that is intended to resist liquid water that has penetrated behind the permanent weather-resistant

finish from further intruding into the exterior wall assembly.

(77m) “Waters of the State" includes those portions of Lake Michigan and Lake Superior within the

boundaries of Wisconsin, and all lakes, bays, rivers, streams, springs, ponds, wells, impounding

reservoirs, marshes, watercourses, drainage systems and other surface waters or groundwaters, natural

or artificial, public, or private, within the state or over which the state claims jurisdiction.

(78) “Window" means a glazed opening in an exterior wall, including glazed portions of doors, within

a conditioned space.

Subchapter IV — Approval and Inspection of One- and Two-Family Dwellings

SPS 320.08 Building permit.

(1) (INTENTIONALLY OMITTED)

(2) (INTENTIONALLY OMITTED)

SPS 320.09 Procedure for obtaining uniform building permit.

(1) APPLICATION. Application for a FCPC uniform building permit shall be on forms obtained from

the Public Works Division. No application shall be accepted that does not contain all the information

requested on the form.

(2) FILING OF PERMIT APPLICATIONS.

(a) Construction, Structural Alterations, or Installation of a Dwelling.

1. A building permit application for the construction, Structural Alterations, or Installation of a

Dwelling shall be filed with the Public Works Division.

2. A building permit shall not be required for any Construction, Structural Alterations, or

Installation of a Dwelling performed by employees of the Public Works Division.

4. The building permit shall not be issued prior to the receipt of all completed forms, fees, plans,

and documents required to process the application.

1. The permit application shall be reviewed by an Authorized Inspector.

2. A permit may be issued only after approval of the requirements under this section by an

Authorized Inspector.

3. Dwellings for which a permit has been issued shall be inspected in accordance with SPS

320.10.

(3) FEES.

(a) Executive Council Approval

All fees under this Code will be subject to review and approval by the Executive Council on an

annual basis.

(b) Inspection fees.

1. Standard inspections (identified on the Inspection Checklist) will be provided at no cost to

the Owner. UDC inspection agency fees, if necessary, shall be determined by contract between

the Tribe and the agency, where the agency has been authorized to conduct inspections on behalf

of the Tribe. The cost of repeat, special, or nonstandard inspections shall be borne by the Owner.

(4) PLAN SUBMITTALS. At least 2 sets of plans for all one- and two-family Dwellings shall be submitted

to the Public Works Division for examination and approval at the time the building permit application

is filed.

(5) REQUIRED PLANS. The required building plans shall be legible and drawn to scale or dimensioned

and shall include all of the following:

(a) Site plan. The site plan shall show all of the following:

1. The location of the Dwelling and any other buildings, wells, surface waters and dispersal

systems on the site with respect to property lines and surface waters adjacent to the site.

2. The areas of land-disturbing construction activity and the location of all Erosion and sediment

control measures to be employed in order to comply with SPS 321.125.

3. The pre-construction ground surface slope and direction of runoff flow within the proposed

areas of land disturbance.

(b) Floor plan.

1. Floor plans shall be provided for each floor.

2. The following features shall be included on all floor plans:

a. The size and location of all rooms, doors, Windows, structural features, Exit

passageways and Stairs.

b. The use of each room.

c. The location of plumbing fixtures, Chimneys, heating and cooling appliances, and a

heating distribution layout.

d. The location and construction details of wall bracing on each building side and floor

level. The details may consist of the Wall Bracing Compliance Worksheet or a legend

showing which wall bracing method is used and the lengths or number of braced wall

panels and demarcation of the circumscribed rectangles if more than one is used.

1. The exterior appearance of the building, including the type of exterior materials.

2. The location, size, and configuration of doors, Windows, roof, Chimneys, exterior grade,

footings, and Foundation walls.

(6) REQUIRED DATA.

(a) All plans submitted for approval shall be accompanied by sufficient data, calculations, and

information to determine if the Dwelling will meet the requirements of this Code.

(b) The data and information for determining compliance with the energy conservation standards

shall be submitted in a format Approved by the Public Works Division.

(d) The name of the initial downstream receiving water of the state from the Dwelling shall be

identified, regarding Erosion and sediment control.

(7) MASTER PLANS.

(a) Where a Dwelling is intended to be identically and repetitively constructed at different

locations, a master plan may be submitted for approval.

(b) The plans shall include plans and data as required under subs. (5) and (6).

be issued.

(d) The number issued may be used in lieu of submitting building plans for each location.

(e) A site plan shall be submitted for each location at the time of application for the building permit.

(8) APPROVAL OF PLANS.

(a) If the Public Works Division determines that the plans submitted for a one- or two-family

Dwelling substantially conform to the provisions of this Code and other legal requirements, an

approval shall be issued.

(b) The plans shall be stamped “conditionally Approved" by an Authorized Inspector who holds

the respective credential for the plans reviewed.

Division.

(d) The conditions of approval shall be indicated by a letter or on the permit.

(e) All conditions of the approval shall be met during construction.

(9) ISSUANCE AND POSTING OF PERMITS.

(a) Building permit.

1. The building permit shall be issued if the requirements for filing and fees are satisfied, and

the plans have been conditionally Approved.

3. A person applying for a building permit for work covered under ch. SPS 321 or 322 who is

not the Owner who resides or will reside in the Dwelling shall hold one of the following

credentials:

a. A Dwelling Contractor certification.

b. A Dwelling Contractor — restricted certification.

c. A Dwelling Contractor financial responsibility certification.

d. A Dwelling Contractor financial responsibility — restricted certification.

4. A person applying for a building permit for work covered under ch. SPS 321 or 322 who is

not the Owner who resides or will reside in the Dwelling shall hold or engage, as an employee,

a person who holds a certification issued by the Department as a Dwelling Contractor qualifier.

5. The permit shall expire 24 months after issuance if the Dwelling exterior has not been

completed.

6. The name and license number of the Wisconsin master plumber responsible for the

Installation of plumbing shall be entered on the permit by the Department at the time of issuance.

to a private onsite wastewater treatment system, a building permit may not be issued unless

conformance with SPS 383.25 (2) has first been determined.

Note: See Ch. SPS 325 Appendix A for a reprint of SPS 383.25 (2).

(d) Posting of permit.

1. The Approved building permit shall be posted in a conspicuous place at the Dwelling site.

(10) DISAPPROVAL OF PLANS AND DENIAL OF PERMITS.

(a) General. Approval shall be denied if the Public Works Division determines that the building

permit application or the plans do not substantially conform to the provisions of this Code and other

legal requirements.

(b) Denial of application. A copy of the denied application, accompanied by a written statement

specifying the reasons for denial, shall be sent to the applicant and to the Owner as specified on the

building permit application.

1. Plans which do not substantially conform to the provisions of the Code shall be stamped “not

Approved."

2. One copy shall be returned to the person applying for the building permit and one copy shall

be retained by the Public Works Division.

(d) Appeals. The applicant may appeal a denial of the application in accordance with the procedure

outlined in SPS 320.21.

(11) TIME-SPAN FOR APPROVAL OR DENIAL. Action to approve or deny a building permit application

shall be completed within 10 Business Days of receipt of all forms, fees, plans and documents required

to process the application, and completion of other prerequisite permitting requirements.

SPS 320.10 Inspections.

(1) INSPECTOR CERTIFICATION. All inspections, for the purpose of administering and enforcing this

Code, shall be performed by the Public Works Division or its authorized representative.

(2) GENERAL INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS.

(a) General. Inspections shall be conducted by the Public Works Division or its authorized

representative to determine if the construction or Installations conform to the conditionally

Approved plans, the building permit application, and the provisions of this Code. For each

individual inspection, a separate fee may be charged for any inspection after initial and one

reinspection.

(b) Inspection notice.

1. The applicant or an authorized representative shall request inspections from the Public Works

Division.

2. Construction may not proceed beyond the point of inspection until the inspection has been

completed.

3. Construction may proceed if the inspection has not taken place by the end of the fourth

Business Day following the day of notification or as otherwise agreed between the applicant

and the Public Works Division.

(3) INSPECTION TYPES.

(a) General. The inspections described in pars. (b) to (i) shall be performed to determine if the

work complies with this Code.

(b) Erosion control inspection. Erosion control inspections shall be performed concurrently with

all other required construction inspections. Additional inspections for Erosion control may be

performed by the delegated authority.

1. The excavation for the Foundation shall be inspected after the placement of any forms or

required reinforcement and prior to the placement of the permanent Foundation material.

2. If a drain tile system is required, by the Public Works Division or by groundwater levels in

the excavation, the presence and location of bleeders used to connect the interior and exterior

drain tile shall be inspected at the same time as the excavation.

Note: This excavation inspection may be used to determine the need for drain tile under

SPS 321.17.

(d) Foundation reinforcement inspection. The placement of reinforcement shall be inspected

where the reinforcement is required for Code compliance.

(e) Foundation inspection. The Foundation shall be inspected after completion. Where damp

proofing, exterior insulation or drain tile are required for Code compliance, the Foundation shall

be inspected prior to backfilling.

(f) Rough inspection.

1. A rough inspection shall be performed for each inspection category listed under subd. 1.

a. to e. after the rough work is constructed but before it is concealed.

a. The Basement floor area.

Note: The inspection of the Basement floor area should include the following: any

underfloor plumbing, electrical, or HVAC; any interior drain tile with base course

required under SPS 321.17; the structural base course for the floor slab if required under

SPS 321.20; and the underfloor vapor retarder as required under SPS 322.38.

b. General construction, including framing.

c. Rough electrical.

d. Rough plumbing.

e. Rough heating, Ventilating and air conditioning.

2. All categories of work for rough inspections may be completed before the notice for

inspection is given, provided the work has not been covered.

3. The applicant may request one rough inspection or individual rough inspections.

(g) Insulation inspection. An inspection shall be made of the insulation and vapor retarders after

they are installed but before they are concealed.

(h) Final inspection.

1. The Dwelling may not be occupied until a final inspection has been made that finds no critical

violations of this Code that could reasonably be expected to affect the health or safety of a

person using the Dwelling, and an occupancy permit has been issued.

(i) Installation inspection. An inspection shall be performed on the Installation of a Manufactured

Home or Modular Home.

(4) NOTICE OF COMPLIANCE OR NONCOMPLIANCE.

(a) General.

1. Notice of compliance or noncompliance with this Code shall be written on the building permit

or another readily visible means and posted at the job site. Additionally, the notice may be

delivered electronically if mutually agreed upon by the applicant and inspector.

2. Upon finding noncompliance, the Public Works Division shall also notify the applicant of

record and the Owner, in writing, of the violations to be corrected. Alternatively, the notification

may be delivered electronically if mutually agreed upon by the applicant and inspector.

3. Except as specified under par. (b), the Public Works Division shall order all cited violations

corrected within 5 Business Days after notification, unless an extension of time is granted by

the Public Works Division.

(b) Erosion and sediment control requirements.

1. The time period allowed for compliance with the Erosion and sediment control provisions

under SPS 321.125 shall be determined based on the severity of the noncompliance in relation

to soil loss or potential damage to the Waters of the State.

2. The Land and Natural Resources Division may issue a special order directing an immediate

cessation of construction work on other aspects of the Dwelling until compliance with the

Erosion and sediment control provisions under SPS 321.125 is attained. Construction work may

resume once the Erosion and sediment control compliance corrections are completed.

(5) VOLUNTARY INSPECTION. The Public Works Division or its authorized representative may, at the

request of the Owner or the lawful occupant, enter and inspect Dwellings, subject to the provisions of

this Code, to ascertain compliance with this Code.

SPS 320.11 Suspension or revocation of building permit.

(1) Suspension or Revocation

(a) The Public Works Division may suspend or revoke any building permit where it appears that

the permit or approval was obtained through fraud or deceit, where the applicant has willfully

refused to correct a violation order or where the inspector is denied access to the premises.

(b) No construction may take place on the Dwelling after suspension or revocation of the permit.

(2) Any person aggrieved by a determination made by the Public Works Division may appeal the

decision in accordance with SPS 320.21.

SPS 320.13 Manufacture, sale, and Installation of homes.

(1) MANUFACTURE AND SALE. No Modular Home, Manufactured Building System, or component of

the Building System subject to this part shall be installed on Tribal Lands unless it is Approved by the

Public Works Division and/or meets the requirements of this Code and bears the Wisconsin insignia

issued or a state seal or an insignia reciprocally recognized by the State of Wisconsin.

(2) INSTALLATION. A building permit shall be obtained in compliance with SPS 320.09 (1) to (5)

(a) before any on-site construction falling within the scope of this Code is commenced for a Modular

Home. The permit shall be issued in compliance with SPS 320.09 (9).

SPS 320.14 Approval procedures.

(1) APPLICATION FOR APPROVAL.

(a) An application for approval of any Modular Home, Building System or component shall be

submitted to the Public Works Division in the form required by the Public Works Division, along

with the appropriate fees in compliance with SPS 302.34.

(b) The Public Works Division shall review and make a determination on an application for

approval of a Modular Home, Building System or component within 30 days.

(d) Unit identification. Each Modular Home and major transportable section or component shall

be assigned a serial number prior to delivery to Tribal Lands. The serial number shall be located

on the Manufacturer's data plate.

(e) Manufacturer's data plate. The Manufacturer's data plate for Building Systems shall contain

the following information, where applicable:

1. Manufacturer's name and address;

2. Date of Manufacture;

3. Serial number of unit;

4. Model designation;

5. Identification of type of gas required for appliances and directions for water and drain

connections;

6. Identification of date of the Codes or standards complied with;

7. State insignia number;

8. Design loads;

9. Special conditions or limitations of unit;

10. Electrical ratings; instructions and warnings on voltage, phase, size and connections of units

and grounding requirements.

Subchapter VI — Approval of Products

SPS 320.18 Building product approvals.

(1) VOLUNTARY APPROVAL.

(a) The Owner may voluntarily submit materials, equipment, and products regulated by this Code

to the Public Works Division for a determine whether such materials, equipment, and/or products

comply with the requirements of this Code.

1. Approval of materials, equipment and products shall be based on sufficient data, tests and

other evidence that prove the material, equipment or product is in compliance with the standards

specified in this Code.

2. Tests, compilation of data, and calculations for materials, equipment and products shall be

conducted by a qualified independent third party.

(2) ALTERNATE APPROVAL.

(a) Materials, equipment and products which meet the intent of this Code and which are not

Approved under sub. (1) shall be permitted if Approved in writing by the Public Works Division.

1. Approval of materials, equipment and products shall be based on sufficient data, tests, and

other evidence that proves the material, equipment or product meets the intent of the standards

specified in this Code.

2. Tests, compilation of data, and calculations for materials, equipment and products shall be

conducted by a qualified independent third party.

(3) EXPERIMENTAL APPROVAL.

(a) The Public Works Division may allow use of an experimental material, equipment, or product

for the purpose of proving compliance with the intent of this Code.

(b) The Public Works Division may require the submission of any information deemed necessary

for review.

experimental materials, equipment, or products.

(d) Installations of a material, equipment or product under an experimental approval shall comply

with all of the following:

1. Plans detailing the Installation for each project where the experimental material, equipment

or product is to be used shall be submitted to the Public Works Division.

2. A copy of the experimental approval shall be attached to the submitted plans and Approved

plans.

a. A letter of consent from the Owner of the Installation shall be attached to the submitted

plans and Approved plans.

b. The letter under subd. 3. a. shall acknowledge that the Owner has received and read a

copy of the experimental approval and is in compliance with all conditions of the approval.

4. A person responsible for construction of the project shall be designated in writing by the

Owner.

5. The person designated as responsible for the construction of the project shall, upon

completion of construction, certify in writing to the Public Works Division that the Installation

is in compliance with the experimental approval, Approved plans, specifications, and data.

(e)

1. Any onsite inspections shall be performed by the Public Works Division, or other person

authorized by the Public Works Division, at time intervals as specified by the Public Works

Division, but not less than once a year. The inspector shall write an inspection report.

2. The Public Works Division may assess a fee for each inspection conducted under subd. 1.

(f) Five years and 6 months after the date of the completed Installation, the Public Works Division

shall order the removal of the experimental material, equipment, or product, or issue an approval

for the material, equipment, or product.

(4) REVIEW, APPROVAL, AND REVOCATION PROCESSES.

(a)

(b)

1. Upon receipt of a fee and a written request, the Public Works Division may issue an approval

for a material, equipment, or product.

2. The Public Works Division shall review and make a determination on an application for

approval after receipt of all forms, fees, plans, and information required to complete the review.

3. For voluntary and alternate approvals, a determination shall be made within 40 Business Day

s of receipt of all required materials.

4. For an experimental approval, a determination shall be made within 6 months of receipt of

all required materials.

1. The Public Works Division may include specific conditions in issuing an approval, including

an expiration date for the approval.

2. Violations of the conditions under which an approval is issued shall constitute a violation of

this Code.

comply with this Code or the intent of this Code, or that an experimental approval will not be

issued, the request for approval shall be denied in writing.

(e)

1. The Public Works Division may revoke or deny an approval of a material, equipment or

product for any false statements or misrepresentations of relevant facts or data, unacceptability

of a third-party providing information, or as a result of material, equipment, or product failure.

2. The Public Works Division may re-examine an Approved material, equipment or product and

issue a revised approval at any time.

(g) An approval issued by the Public Works Division may not be construed as an assumption of

any responsibility for defects in design, construction or performance of the Approved material,

equipment, or product nor for any damages that may result.

(h) Fees for the review of a material, equipment or product under this section and any onsite

inspections shall be submitted in accordance with the fee schedule contained in this Code.

(5) UNGRADED OR USED MATERIALS.

(a) Ungraded or used building materials may be used or reused as long as the material possesses

the essential properties necessary to achieve the level of performance required by the Code for the

intended use.

(b) The Public Works Division may require tests in accordance with sub. (1) or (2) at the Owner’s

expense as a condition of approval.

Subchapter VII — Variances, Appeals, Violations and Penalties

SPS 320.19 Petition for variance. The Public Works Division may grant a variance to a rule only if the

variance does not result in lowering the level of health, safety and welfare established or intended by the

rule.

(1) APPLICATION FOR VARIANCE. The applicant shall submit the petition for variance application to

the Public Works Division. The following items shall be submitted when requesting a variance:

(a) A clear written statement of the specific provisions of this Code from which a variance is

requested and the method of establishing equivalency to those provisions.

Note: A copy of the Petition for Variance is available upon request from the Public Works Division.

SPS 320.21 Appeals of orders, determinations, and for extension of time.

(2) APPEALS OF ORDERS AND DETERMINATIONS BY THE DEPARTMENT. Appeals of an order of the

Public Works Division, including denials of application for permits, shall be made to the Public Works

Division. The Public Works Division shall review and make a determination on an appeal within 60

Business Day s of receipt of all calculations and documents necessary to complete the review.

(3) EXTENSIONS OF TIME.

(a) The time for correction of cited orders as set out in SPS 320.10 shall automatically be extended

in the event that an appeal of said orders is filed. The extension of time shall extend to the

termination of the appeal procedure and for such additional time as the Public Works Division may

allow.

(b) The Public Works Division may grant additional reasonable time in which to comply with a

violation order.

(4) APPEALS OF SOIL EROSION CONTROL ORDERS BY THE LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES

DIVISION FOR CESSATION OF WORK.

(a) Appeals of orders for cessation of work issued under SPS 320.10 (4) may be made to the Land

and Natural Resources Division. The Land and Natural Resources Division shall make a

determination on such appeal within 3 Business Day s.

321.125, the order(s) shall be rescinded and work may commence.

SPS 320.22 Penalties and violations.

(1) VIOLATIONS. No person shall construct or alter any Dwelling in violation of any of the provisions

of this Code. 1

(a) Injunction. When violations occur, the Public Works Division may bring legal action to enjoin

any violations.

(b) Ordinances. This Code shall not affect the enforcement of any ordinance or regulation, the

violation of which occurred prior to the effective date of this Code.

(2) PENALTIES.

(a) In case of violation by any person, the Public Works Division may issue citations on citation

forms Approved by the Executive Council. The penalty for any citations issued pursuant to this

ordinance will be in accordance with the fine schedule Approved by the Executive Council on an

annual basis.

Subchapter IX — Adoption of Standards

SPS 320.24 Adoption of standards.

Public Works Division employees performing any work subject to this Code shall comply with all applicable

standards contained in the Code or be subject to disciplinary action imposed by the Division, up to and including

termination. Such Public Works Division employees shall not be subject to the provisions of SPS 320.22.

(2) ADOPTION OF STANDARDS. The standards referenced in Tables 320.24-1 to 320.24-13 are

incorporated by reference into this chapter.

Table 320.24-1 - See PDF for table

Table 320.24-3 - See PDF for table

Table 320.24-4 - See PDF for table

Table 320.24-5 - See PDF for table

Table 320.24-6 - See PDF for table

Table 320.24-6m - See PDF for table

Table 320.24-7 - See PDF for table

Table 320.24-9 - See PDF for table

Table 320.24-10 - See PDF for table

Table 320.24-11 - See PDF for table

Table 320.24-12 - See PDF for table

Table 320.24-13 - See PDF for table

tri

Table 320.24-4

ASTM

ASTM International

100 Barr Harbor Drive

PO Box C700

We t Conshohocken. PA

19428-2959

www.astm.ofl!.

tandard Reference

umber

Title

I. C62-13a

Standard Specification for Building Brick (Solid Masonry Uni1

Mooe From Clay or Shale)

Standard Specifica1ion for Loadbearing Concrete Masonry Units

Table 320.24-1

American Concre1e lns1i1u1e

P.O. Box 9094

Farming1on Hills. Ml 48333

ww-.v.concre1e.org

ACI

Standard Reference

I umber

Title

I .318-14

Building Code Requirement for

Struc1ural Concre1e

2.332-14

Residential Code Requiremems

for S1ruc1urnl Concre1e

3.530-13

Building Code Requirement for

Masonry

Struc1ures

•

4. 530.1-13

Specification for Masonry

Structures

Table 320.24-3

AISC

American lnsti1u1e of Steel

Construction

One Eas1 Wacker Drive. Suite 700

Chicago, IL 60601

www.aisc.org

tandard Reference

umber

Title

A SUAISC 360-10

Specification For Struc1ural Steel

Buildings

2.C90-14

3.C216-14

4.C270-14a

5. C476-I0

6.C652-14

Standard Specitica1ion for Facing

Brick (Solid Masonry Units Made

•

From Clay or Shale)

Standard Specification for Mortar

for Unil Masonry

•

Standard Specifica1ion for Groui

for IMasonrv

Standard Specification for Hollow

Brick (Hollow Masonry Units

Made From Clav or Shale)

Standard Specification for

Asphalt-Saturn1ed Organic Fell

U ed In Roofing And Water

Proofing

S1andard Specification for

Asphalt Shingle Made From

Glass Felt and Surfaced With

Mineral Granules

Standard SpecificaLion for

Asphalt-Saturated Organic Feh

Shingle Underlnymem Used in

Roofing

7. D226/D226M-09

. D3462/D3462M

-IOa

9. D4869/D4869M

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Title

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Chapter SPS 321

CONSTRUCTION STANDARDS

SPS 321.01 Scope.

Subchapter I — Scope

Subchapter II — Design Criteria

SPS 321.02 Loads and materials.

SPS 321.03 Exits.

SPS 321.035 Interior circulation.

SPS 321.04 Stairways and elevated areas.

SPS 321.042 Ladders.

SPS 321.045 Ramps.

SPS 321.05 Natural light and natural ventilation.

SPS 321.06 Ceiling Height.

SPS 321.07 Attic and crawl space access.

SPS 321.08 Fire separation and Dwelling Unit separation.

SPS 321.085 Fire Blocking.

SPS 321.09 Smoke detectors.

SPS 321.095 Automatic fire sprinklers.

SPS 321.097 Carbon monoxide detectors.

SPS 321.10 Protection against decay and termites.

SPS 321.11 Foam plastic.

SPS 321.115 Installation of elevators or dumbwaiters.

Subchapter III — Excavations

SPS 321.12 Drainage.

SPS 321.125 Erosion control and sediment control.

SPS 321.13 Excavations adjacent to adjoining property.

SPS 321.14 Excavations for footings and Foundations.

Subchapter IV — Footings

SPS 321.15 Footings.

SPS 321.16 Frost protection.

SPS 321.17 Drain tiles.

Subchapter V — Foundations

SPS 321.18 Foundations.

Subchapter VI — Floors

SPS 321.19 Floor design.

SPS 321.20 Concrete floors.

SPS 321.203 Garage floors.

SPS 321.205 Wood floors in contact with the ground.

SPS 321.21 Precast concrete floors.

SPS 321.22 Wood frame floors.

SPS 321.225 Decks.

Subchapter VII — Walls

SPS 321.23 Wall design.

SPS 321.24 Exterior covering.

SPS 321.25 Wood frame walls.

SPS 321.26 Masonry walls.

Subchapter VIII — Roof and Ceilings

SPS 321.27 Roof design and framing.

SPS 321.28 Weather protection for roofs.

Subchapter IX — Fireplace Requirements

SPS 321.29 Masonry fireplaces.

SPS 321.30 Masonry Chimneys.

SPS 321.32 Factory-built fireplaces.

Subchapter X — Construction in Floodplains

SPS 321.33 Construction in Floodplains.

SPS 321.34 Construction in Coastal Floodplains.

Subchapter XI — Installation of Manufactured Homes

SPS 321.40 Installation standards.

Subchapter I — Scope

SPS 321.01 Scope. The provisions of this chapter shall apply to the design and construction of

all one- and 2-family Dwellings.

Subchapter II — Design Criteria

SPS 321.02 Loads and materials. Every Dwelling shall be designed and constructed in

accordance with the requirements of this section.

(1) DESIGN LOAD. Every Dwelling shall be designed and constructed to support the actual

Dead Load, Live Loads and wind loads acting upon it without exceeding the allowable

Stresses of the material. The construction of buildings and structures shall result in a system

that provides a complete load path capable of transferring all loads from point of origin

through the load-resisting elements to the Foundation.

(a) Dead Loads. Every Dwelling shall be designed and constructed to support the actual

weight of all components and materials. Earth-sheltered Dwellings shall be designed and

constructed to support the actual weight of all soil loads.

(b) Live loads.

1. `Floors and ceilings.' Floors and ceilings shall be designed and constructed to

support the minimum Live Loads listed in Table 321.02. The design load shall be

applied uniformly over the component area. - See PDF for table

2. `Snow loads.' Roofs shall be designed and constructed to support the minimum

snow loads listed on the zone map. The loads shall be assumed to act vertically over

the roof area projected upon a horizontal plane.

horizontal and uplift pressure of 20 pounds per square foot acting over the surface area or

the wind loads determined in accordance with ASCE 7–05, Minimum Design Loads for

Buildings and Other Structures.

Note: ASCE 7–05 allows for substantial reduction from 20 psf as applied to the

surface area.

(2) METHODS OF DESIGN. All Dwellings shall be designed by the method of structural

analysis, or the method of accepted practice specified in each part of this Code.

(3) STRUCTURAL STANDARDS.

(a) General. Design, construction, installation, practice, and structural analysis shall

conform to the following nationally recognized standards.

(b) Wood.

1. Except as provided in subd. 1. a. and b., structural lumber, glue-laminated timber,

timber pilings and fastenings shall be designed in accordance with the “National

Design Specification for Wood Construction" and the “Design Values for Wood

Construction," a supplement to the National Design Specification for Wood

Construction.

Figure 321.02

ZONE MAP FOR ROOF LOADS - See PDF for diagram

a. Section 2.2.5.3. The cumulative effects of short time loads, such as snow, shall

be considered in determining duration of load. For snow load, no greater duration

of load factor than 1.15 shall be used.

b. Section 4.1.7. The provisions of this section shall also apply to reused lumber.

Reused lumber shall be considered to have a duration of load factor of 0.90.

2. Span tables for joists and rafters printed in Ch. SPS 325 Appendix A or Approved

by the Department may be used in lieu of designing by structural analysis.

3. Sawn lumber that is not graded in accordance with the standards under subd. 1.,

shall use the NDS published allowable design Stresses for the lumber species using

grade number 3 when used for studs, stringers, rafters, or joists and may use grade

number 1 when used for beams, posts, or timbers.

shall conform to Specification for Structural Steel Buildings and the provisions of the

accompanying commentary as adopted under Table 320.24-3.

(d) Concrete. Plain, reinforced, or prestressed concrete construction shall conform to the

following standards:

1. ACI Standard 318, Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete.

2. ACI Standard 332, Residential Code Requirements for Structural Concrete.

Note: Concrete construction in one- and two-family Dwellings should meet the

standards established in ACI 332. Construction means, materials, or methods not

addressed in ACI 332 should meet the standards established in ACI 318.

(e) Masonry. The design and construction of masonry shall conform to the following

standards:

1. ACI 530, Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures.

2. ACI 530.1, Specification for Masonry Structures.

(f) Engineered structural components. Engineered structural components shall be used

in accordance with structural analysis or with load tables supplied by the manufacturer,

provided those load tables were developed using structural analysis or load testing.

(g) Whole logs. Dwellings constructed of whole logs shall conform to ICC 400, Standard

on the Design and Construction of Log Structures.

Note: This standard requires the minimum log diameter to be 8 inches.

(h) Fasteners.

1. All Building Components shall be fastened to withstand the Dead Load, Live Load,

snow load, and wind load.

2. Fasteners shall comply with the schedule listed in Table 321.02-2.

Note: Other fastening methods may be allowed if engineered under SPS 321.02

(3).

Table 321.02-2

MINIMUM FASTENER SCHEDULE TABLE

Other interior and exterior panel products and finishes installed per manufacturer requirements.

For engineered connectors, use manufacturer's specified fasteners. - See PDF for table

- See

PDF for table

1. All nails are smooth-common, box or deformed shank except where otherwise stated.

2. Nail is a general description and may be T-head, modified round head or round head.

3. Staples are 16-gauge wire, unless otherwise noted, and have a minimum 7/16 ‶ o.d.

crown width.

4. Staples shall be spaced at not more than 10 ‶ o.c. at intermediate supports for floors.

5. Apply vertically 4‵ x 8‵ or 4‵ x 9 ‵ panels.

(4) ALTERNATE MATERIALS AND STANDARDS. No part of this Code is intended to prohibit or

discourage use of alternate, equivalent materials or standards; or the construction of

innovative Dwellings such as a Dwelling built below ground, a geodesic dome, a concrete

house, a fiberglass house, or any other nonconventional structure.

Note: Examples of materials addressed by this subsection include structural insulated

panels that are used in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions or structural

analysis, and cold-formed steel framing complying with AISI S230 Standard for ColdFormed Steel Framing — Prescriptive Method for One- and Two- Family Dwellings.

SPS 321.03 Exits. Exits, doors and hallways shall be constructed as specified in this section.

(1) EXITS FROM THE FIRST FLOOR.

(a) Except as allowed under par. (h), every Dwelling Unit shall be provided with at least

2 Exit doors accessible from the First Floor.

(b) At least one of the Exits shall discharge to grade and may not go through a Garage.

This Exit may include interior or exterior Stairs.

Note: Under this paragraph, only one of the two Exit doors that are addressed in par.

(a) is required to exit directly to grade.

complies with sub. (8).

(d) Any Exit that does not comply with par. (b) may discharge into an Attached Garage

provided the Garage has an Exit door that discharges to grade. An overhead Garage door

may not be used as an Exit door.

(e) Except as allowed under pars. (f) and (h), the 2 required Exit doors shall be separated

by at least the greater of the following distances:

1. One-third the length of the longest diagonal of the floor in plan view, exclusive of

an Attached Garage.

2. 20 feet.

Note: See Ch. SPS 325 Appendix A for examples of Exit separation design.

(f)

(g)

1. First Floor levels that do not meet the separation requirements under par. (e), shall

have at least one egress Window complying with sub. (6) on that floor level.

2. An egress Window to comply with subd. 1. shall be separated from at least one door

on the First Floor by one of the distances under par. (e).

3. If First Floor levels that do not meet the separation requirements under

par. (e) contain one or more sleeping rooms, each sleeping room shall have at least one

egress Window complying with sub. (6).

1. The Exit separation distance required under par. (e) shall be calculated or measured

as a straight line from the midpoint of one doorway to the midpoint of the other

doorway.

2. For exiting through an Attached Garage, the separation distance shall be measured

using the door connecting the Garage and the Dwelling. Distance within the Garage

shall be ignored.

(h)

1. Dwellings consisting of no more than a First Floor with a maximum floor area of

400 square feet and a Loft area not exceeding half of the First Floor area, shall be

provided with at least one Exit door leading directly to the exterior and at least one

egress Window that complies with sub. (6).

a. Dwellings that meet the size restrictions under subd. 1., are not required to meet

the exit separation requirements under par. (e) or (f).

b. If a Dwelling that meets the size restrictions under subd. 1., has more than one

room on the First Floor, the door, and the egress Window shall be located in

different rooms.

3. One of the Exit doors required in par. (a) may be omitted for a Dwelling Unit that

has one or more egress Windows on the First Floor. If there are bedrooms, each must

have a Window that complies with sub. (6).

(2) EXITS FROM THE SECOND FLOOR.

(a) At least 2 Exits shall be provided from the second floor. At least one of the Exits shall

be a Stairway or ramp and lead to the First Floor or discharge to grade. The second Exit

may be via a Stairway or ramp that discharges to grade, or to a Balcony which complies

with sub. (8), or to a Deck that complies with SPS 321.225 and that is no more than 15

feet above the grade below.

(b) Windows that comply with sub. (6) may be provided in each second floor bedroom —

or in another location on the second floor if there are no bedrooms on that floor — in lieu

of the second Exit from that floor.

an up-and-down duplex, no Exit from the unit may go through another Dwelling Unit or

other party's occupancy on the First Floor.

(3) EXITS ABOVE THE SECOND FLOOR.

(a) Except as provided under pars. (b) and (c), each habitable floor above the second

floor shall be provided with at least 2 Exits that meet all of the following requirements:

1. The Exits shall be Stairways or ramps that lead to the second floor or discharge to

grade.

2. The Exits shall be located such that an Exit is accessible to the second floor if

another Exit is blocked.

(b) A second Stairway or ramp Exit is not required for habitable areas on a third floor

that meet all of the following requirements:

1. The habitable area consists of a single room.

Note: Non-habitable areas, such as closets and bathrooms may be partitioned off.

2. The room is not used for sleeping.

3. The habitable area has a floor area of 400 square feet or less.

4. There is at least one egress Window meeting the requirements of sub. (6) in the

habitable area.

meet all of the following requirements:

1. The Dwelling is fully sprinklered in accordance with NFPA 13R or NFPA 13D.

2. If a required Exit includes an Attached Garage, the Garage shall be sprinklered.

(4) EXITS FROM LOFTS.

(a) At least one Stairway Exit shall be provided, to the floor below, for a Loft exceeding

400 square feet in area.

(b) At least one Stairway or ladder Exit shall be provided to the floor below for a Loft,

400 square feet or less, in area.

(5) EXITS FROM BASEMENTS AND GROUND FLOORS.

(a) General. Except as provided in par. (b), all Basements and Ground Floors shall be

provided with at least one Exit of the following types:

1. A door to the exterior of the Dwelling.

2. A Stairway or ramp that leads to the floor above.

(b) Basements and Ground Floors used for sleeping.

1. Basements and Ground Floors used for sleeping shall be provided with at least 2

Exits.

2. The Exits shall be located as far apart as practical.

3. The Exits may not be accessed from the same ramp or Stairway.

4. In addition to the Exit type required under par. (a), the second Exit from a Basement

or Ground Floor used for sleeping shall be one of the following types:

a. A door to the exterior of the Dwelling.

b. A Stairway or ramp that leads to the floor above.

c. A Stairway that leads to a Garage provided the Garage has an Exit door other

than the overhead door.

d. An egress Window that complies with sub. (6), located in each bedroom.

(6) WINDOWS USED FOR EXITING. Windows which are installed for Exit purposes shall

comply with the requirements of this subsection.

(a) The Window shall be openable from the inside without the use of tools or the removal

of a sash. If equipped with a storm or screen, it shall be openable from the inside.

(b)

1. The nominal size of the net clear Window opening shall be at least 20 inches by 24

inches irrespective of height or width. Nominal dimensions shall be determined by

rounding up fractions of inches if they are ½-inch or greater or rounding down

fractions of inches if they are less than ½-inch.

2. No portion of the Window, including stops, stools, meeting rails and operator arms,

shall infringe on the required opening.

Window.

(d)

1. For any Window used for Exiting, the lowest point of clear opening shall be no

more than 60 inches above the floor.

2. If the lowest point of clear opening is more than 46 inches above the floor, a

permanent platform or fixture shall be installed such that a flat surface at least 20

inches wide and 9 inches deep is located no more than 46 inches directly below the

clear opening.

3. The topmost surface of the platform or fixture shall be no more than 24 inches

above the floor.

4. The topmost surface of the platform or fixture shall support a Live Load of at least

200 pounds.

5. A Stair used for the sole purpose of reaching the top of the platform or fixture is

exempt from the requirements of SPS 321.04.

(e)

1. An egress Window with any point of clear opening below adjacent grade shall be

provided with an areaway in accordance with this section.

2. The width of the areaway shall be at least equal to the width of the Window.

3. The areaway shall be a minimum of 36 inches measured perpendicular from the

outer surface of the below grade wall.

4. If the bottom of the areaway is more than 46 inches below adjacent grade or the top

of the areaway enclosure, the areaway shall be provided with a ladder or Stair to aid

egress. Stairs used to comply with this section are exempt from the requirements of

SPS 321.04.

a. Ladders or other Stairs used to comply with subd. 4. may infringe on the

required area of the areaway by a maximum of 6 inches.

b. Ladder rungs shall have a minimum inside width of at least 12 inches and shall

project at least 3 inches from the wall behind the ladder.

c. Ladder rungs shall be able to support a concentrated load of 200 pounds.

d. Ladder rungs shall have a maximum rise of 12 inches between rungs and shall

extend to within 12 inches of exterior grade.

6. The areaway shall be constructed such that water entering the areaway does not

enter the Dwelling.

(f) An egress Window under a Deck or Porch shall discharge through a clear path of at

least 36 inches in height and 36 inches in width, and no more than 15 feet in length, to a

yard or open space.

Note: Under this paragraph, there is no maximum height above grade for an egress

Window. Similarly, egress Windows are not prohibited from discharging to a roof,

regardless of the slope of the roof.

(7) DOORS USED FOR EXITING.

(a) Doors used for exiting from a Dwelling shall meet the following dimensions:

1. At least one Exit door shall be a swing-type door at least 80 inches high by 36

inches wide.

2. Except as allowed under subds. 3. and 4., other required Exit doors shall be at least

76 inches high by 32 inches wide.

3. Where double doors are used as a required Exit, each door leaf shall provide a clear

opening at least 30 inches wide and be at least 76 inches high.

4. Where sliding doors are used as a required Exit, the clear opening shall be at least

29 inches wide and be at least 76 inches high.

(b) All Exit doors shall be openable from the interior without the use of a key.

(8) BALCONIES.

(a) Balconies shall be made of concrete, metal or wood which is treated, protected or

naturally decay-resistive in accordance with SPS 321.10.

(b) Balconies shall be provided with Guards in accordance with SPS 321.04 (3).

following requirements:

1. The Balcony Guard shall terminate no more than 46 inches above the floor level of

the Balcony.

2. The floor level of the Balcony shall be no more than 15 feet above the grade below.

3. The floor of the Balcony shall have minimum dimensions of 3 feet by 3 feet. The

Guard and its supports may infringe on the dimensions of the required area no more

than 4.5 inches.

(9) SPLIT LEVEL DWELLINGS. In determining the Exit requirement in a split-level Dwelling,

all levels that are to be considered a single Story shall be within 5 feet of each other.

(10) TWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS. In a 2-family Dwelling, each Dwelling Unit shall be

provided with Exits in compliance with this section.

(11) EXITS TO COURTYARDS. No Exit may discharge to a courtyard having a perimeter that

is entirely enclosed by exterior building walls or other obstructions that prevent pedestrian

passage.

SPS 321.035 Interior circulation.

(1) DOORS AND OPENINGS. All doors and openings to the following areas shall be at least 80

inches high and provide either a net clear opening width of 30 inches or be a 32-inch door:

(a) Except as provided under pars. (b) and (c), all entrances into Common Use Areas.

(b) At least 50% of the bedrooms.

(c)

1. At least one full bathroom, including doors or openings to a sink, toilet and tub or

shower. If this bathroom is accessible only through a bedroom, the bedroom door shall

meet the minimum width requirements of this section.

2. If one or more full bathrooms are provided on the First Floor, the bathroom meeting

the requirements under this section shall be on the First Floor.

Note: This section does not require a full bathroom on the First Floor.

(2) HALLWAYS.

(a) Except as allowed under par. (b), the clear width of hallways shall be at least 36

inches.

(b) The following are allowed to infringe on the required clear width of a hallway:

1. Door hardware and finish trim.

2. Handrails may infringe into the minimum width of a hallway up to 4½ inches on

each side.

3. Heating registers may infringe into the minimum width of a hallway up to

4½ inches and no part of the register may be more than 38 inches above the floor.

4. Ducts, pipes, light fixtures, structural features, and corner treatments that are within

84 inches of the floor may infringe into the minimum width of a hallway by a

maximum of 4½ inches on each side.

5. Unlimited infringements are allowed in a hallway more than 84 inches above the

floor.

(3) KITCHENS.

(a) There shall be at least 30 inches of clearance between a wall, a permanently installed

Kitchen island, permanently installed Kitchen cabinets and the following Kitchen

appliances, if provided:

1. A range, cook top or oven.

2. A sink, refrigerator, or freezer.

(b) Measurements shall be taken from the face of the wall, island, cabinet, or appliance,

ignoring knobs and handles.

Note: See ICC/ANSI A117.1 chapter 10 for more guidelines relating to doors and

accessible routes. Under that standard, doors must be at least 80-inches in height and

provide a minimum net clear opening of 31¾-inches in width in order to provide

accessibility for people with disabilities.

SPS 321.04 Stairways and elevated areas.

(1) SCOPE.

(a) General. Except as provided under par. (b), the following Stairways shall conform to

the requirements of this section.

1. Every interior and exterior Stairway attached to, or supported by any part of the

structure covered under this Code.

2. Tub access Stairs, unless they are an integral part of an Approved plumbing

product.

(b) Exceptions. The following Stairways are not required to comply with the

requirements of this section:

1. Stairways leading to non-habitable Attics or crawl spaces.

2. Non-required Stairways connecting the Basement directly to the exterior of the

structure without communicating with any other part of the structure.

(2) DETAILS.

(a) Width.

1. Except for spiral Staircases under subd. 2., Stairways shall measure at least 36

inches in width. Handrails and associated trim may project a maximum of 4.5 inches

into the required width at each side of the Stairway. The minimum clear width at and

below the Handrail, including at treads and Landings, may not be less than 31.5 inches

where a Handrail is installed on one side, and 27 inches where Handrails are provided

on both sides.

2. Spiral staircases shall be at least 26 inches wide measured from the outer edge of

the supporting column to the inner edge of the Handrail.

(b) Riser height.

a. Except for spiral staircases under subd. 2., risers may not exceed 8 inches in

height measured vertically from tread to tread.

b. At the top and bottom of a Flight, measurement shall be taken from the top of

the nosing to the finished floor surface unless the finished surface is carpeting, in

which case measurement shall be made to the hard surface below the carpeting.

2. Risers in spiral staircases may not exceed 9.5 inches in height measured vertically

from tread to tread.

1. `Rectangular treads.' Rectangular treads shall have minimum tread depth of 9

inches measured horizontally from nosing to nosing.

2. `Spiral staircase treads.' Spiral staircase treads shall have a minimum tread depth

of 7 inches from nosing to nosing measured at a point 12 inches from the outer edge of

the center column.

3. `Winder treads in series.' Two or more winder treads may be placed immediately

adjacent to each other anywhere in a Stairway provided both of the following

conditions are met:

a. The winder treads shall have a minimum tread depth of 7 inches measured at a

point 12 inches from the narrow end of the tread.

b. The depth of the immediately adjoining winder treads shall be equal at a point

12 inches from the narrow end of the tread or inside face of spindles or balusters.

c. Winder treads may not be used on a straight Stairway.

4. `Individual winder treads.'

a. An individual winder tread may be placed between rectangular treads or at the

end of a Flight of rectangular treads provided the tread depth is at least 9 inches,

when measured at a distance of 12 inches from the narrow end of the tread or

from the inside face of the wall.

b. There may be more than one individual winder tread in a Stairway.

c. Winder treads may not be used on a straight Stairway.

(d) Headroom.

1. Stairways shall be provided with a minimum headroom clearance of 80 inches

measured vertically from a line parallel to the nosing of the treads to the ceiling, soffit,

or any overhead obstruction directly above that line.

2. The headroom clearance shall be maintained over an intermediate Landing.

3. The headroom clearance shall be maintained over a Landing that is at the top or

bottom of a Stairway for a minimum distance of 36 inches in the direction of travel of

the Stairway.

(e) Uniformity.

1. Within a Stairway Flight, the greatest tread depth may not exceed the smallest tread

depth by more than 3/8 inch and the greatest riser height may not exceed the smallest

riser height by more than 3/8 inch.

2. The allowed variation in uniformity under subd. 1. may not be used to exceed the

maximum riser height under par. (b) or to decrease the minimum tread depth under

par. (c).

(f) Open risers. Stairways with open risers shall be constructed to prevent the throughpassage of a sphere with a diameter of 4 inches or larger between any 2 adjacent treads.

(g) Walking surface. The walking surface of Stair treads and Landings shall be a planar

surface that is free of lips or protrusions that could present a tripping hazard.

(3) HANDRAILS AND GUARDS.

(a) General.

1. A Flight of Stairs with more than 3 risers shall be provided with at least one

Handrail for the full length of the Flight.

2. Guards shall be provided on all open sides of Stairs consisting of more than 3 risers

and on all open sides of areas that are elevated more than 24 inches above the floor or

exterior grade.

Note: A Handrail provided at 30 to 38 inches above the tread nosing meets the

height requirement for a Guard on a Stairway.

a. Except as provided in subd. 3. b., Guards shall be constructed to prevent the

through-passage of a sphere with a diameter of 4 3/8 inches, when applying a

force of 4 pounds.

b. The triangular area formed by the tread, riser and bottom rail shall have an

opening size that prevents the through-passage of a sphere with a diameter of 6

inches, when applying a force of 4 pounds.

c. Rope, cable, or similar materials used in Guard infill shall be strung with

maximum openings of 3 1/2 inches with vertical supports a maximum of 4 feet

apart.

Note: In some cases, the vertical supports could be simple cable stays that

offer vertical support to the rope or cable span. Structural posts must be

supplied to provide the rail with the minimum 200-pound load resistance, as

well as to resist the tensile loads exerted by the tightened rope or cable.

a. Handrails and Guards shall be designed and constructed to withstand a 200pound load applied in any direction.

b. Handrail or Guard infill components, balusters and panel fillers shall withstand

a horizontally applied perpendicular load of 50 pounds on any one-foot-square

area.

c. Glazing used in Handrail or Guard assemblies shall be safety glazing.

5. Exterior Handrails and Guards shall be constructed of metal, decay resistant or

pressure-treated wood, or shall be protected from the weather.

(b) Handrails.

1. `Height.'

a. Handrails shall be located at least 30 inches, but no more than 38 inches above

the nosing of the treads, except as provided in subds. 1. b. to d. Measurement shall

be taken from the hard structural surface beneath any finish material to the top of

the rail. Variations in uniformity are allowed only when a rail contacts a wall or

newel post or where a turnout or volute is provided at the bottom tread.

b. A volute, turnout, or starting easing that does not comply with subd. 1. a. may

extend over the lowest tread.

c. Transition fittings on Handrails may extend above the 38-inch height limit.

d. Where Handrail fittings or bendings are used to provide a continuous transition

between Flights, or at winder treads, or from a Handrail to a Guard, or at the start

of a Flight, the height at the fittings or bendings may exceed 38 inches.

2. `Clearance.' The clearance between a Handrail and the wall surface shall be at least

1 1/2 inches.

3. `Winders.'

a. Except as provided under subd. 3. b., the required Handrail on winder Stairs

shall be placed on the side where the treads are wider.

b. Where all winder treads in a Flight have a depth of at least 9 inches from

nosing to nosing measured at a point 12 inches from the narrow end of the tread,

the required Handrail may be located on either side of the Stairway.

4. `Projection.' Handrails and associated trim may project into the required width of

Stairs and Landings a maximum of 4 1/2 inches on each side.

5. `Size and configuration.' Handrails shall be symmetrical about the vertical

centerline to allow for equal wraparound of the thumb and fingers.

a. Handrails with a round or truncated round cross-sectional gripping surface shall

have a maximum whole diameter of 2 inches.

b. Handrails with a rectangular cross sectional gripping surface shall have a

maximum perimeter of 6 1/4 inches with a maximum cross sectional dimension of

2 7/8 inches.

c. Handrails with other cross sections shall have a maximum cross-sectional

dimension of the gripping surface of 2 7/8 inches with a maximum linear gripping

surface measurement of 6 1/4 inches and a minimum linear gripping surface of 4

inches.

Note: See Ch. SPS 325 Appendix A for further information on Handrail

measurement.

6. `Continuity.' Handrails shall be continuous for the entire length of the Stairs except

in any one of the following cases:

a. A Handrail may be discontinuous at an intermediate Landing.

b. A Handrail may have newel posts.

c. A Handrail may terminate at an intermediate wall provided the lower end of the

upper rail is returned to the wall or provided with a flared end, the horizontal

offset between the 2 rails is no more than 12 inches measured from the center of

the rails, and both the upper and lower rails can be reached from the same tread

without taking a step.

1. `Application.'

a. All openings between floors, and open sides of Landings, platforms, balconies,

or Porches that are more than 24 inches above grade or a floor shall be protected

with Guards.

b. The requirements under subd. 1. a. apply where insect screens are the only

means of enclosure or protection for a surface that is more than 24 inches above

grade or a floor.

c. For exterior applications, the 24-inch vertical measurement shall be taken from

the lowest point within 3 feet horizontally from the edge of the Deck, Landing,

Porch, or similar structure.

d. This paragraph does not apply to Window wells, egress wells, and retaining

walls.

2. `Height.' Guards shall extend to at least 36 inches above the floor or to the

underside of a Stair Handrail complying with SPS 321.04 (3) (b). Measurement shall

be taken from the hard structural surface beneath any finish material to the top of the

Guard.

3. `Opening size.' Guards shall be constructed to prevent the through-passage of a

sphere with a diameter of 4 3/8 inches, when applying a force of 4 pounds.

(4) LANDINGS.

(a) Intermediate Landings.

1. A level intermediate Landing shall be provided in any Stairway with a height of 12

feet or more.

2. Intermediate Landings that connect 2 or more straight Flights of Stairs, or 2 Flights

of Stairs at a right angle, shall be at least as wide as the treads and shall measure at

least 36 inches in the direction of travel.

3. Curved or irregular Landing shall have a radius of at least 36 inches.

4. Curved or irregular Landings shall have a minimum straight-line measurement of 26

inches between the nosing of the 2 connecting treads measured at a point 18 inches

from the narrow end of the Landing measured along the nosing of the 2 treads.

(b) Landings at the top and base of Stairs. A level Landing shall be provided at the top

and base of every Stairs except as provided in par. (d). The Landing shall be at least as

wide as the treads and shall measure at least 3 feet in the direction of travel.

shall be provided on each side of any door located at the top or base of a Stair, regardless

of the direction of swing. In the following exceptions, a Stairway between a Dwelling and

an Attached Garage, Carport or Porch is considered to be an interior Stair:

1. A Landing is not required between the door and the top of interior Stairs if the door

does not swing over the Stairs.

2. A Landing is not required between the door and the top of an interior Stairs of 1 or

2 risers regardless of the direction of swing.

3. A Landing is not required between a sliding glass door or an in-swinging glass door

and the top of an exterior Stairway of 3 or fewer risers.

(d) Exterior Landings.

1. The exterior Landing, platform, or sidewalk at an exterior doorway shall be located

a maximum of 7 ¾ inches below the interior floor elevation, be sloped away from the

doorway at a minimal rate that ensures drainage and have a length of at least 36 inches

in the direction of travel out of the Dwelling.

2. The Landing at the base of an exterior Stair shall be sloped away from the Stair at a

minimal rate that ensures drainage.

SPS 321.042 Ladders. Ladders which are used as part of a required Exit shall conform to this

section.

(1) DESIGN LOAD. Ladders shall be designed to withstand loads of at least 200 pounds.

(2) TREAD OR RUNGS.

(a) Minimum tread requirements shall be specified in Table 321.042. Treads less than 10

inches in width shall have open risers. All treads shall be uniform in dimension.

(b) Rungs may only be used for ladders with a pitch range of 75° to 90°. Rungs shall be

at least 1 inch in diameter for metal ladders and 1 1/2 inch for wood ladders. All rungs

shall be uniform in dimension.

(3) RISERS. Risers shall be uniform in height and shall conform with Table 321.042.

(4) WIDTH. The width of the ladder shall be a minimum of 20 inches wide and a maximum

of 30 inches wide.

(5) HANDRAILS.

(a) Handrails shall be required for ladders with pitches less than 65°.

(b) Handrails shall be located so the top of the Handrail is at least 30 inches, but not more

than 38 inches, above the nosing of the treads.

such that a sphere with a diameter of 6 inches or larger cannot pass through.

(d) The clearance between the Handrail and the wall surface shall be at least 1½ inches.

(e) Handrails shall be designed and constructed to withstand a 200-pound load applied in

any direction.

(6) CLEARANCES.

(a) The ladder shall have a minimum clearance of at least 15 inches on either side of the

center of the tread.

(b) The edge of the tread nearest to the wall behind the ladder shall be separated from the

wall by at least 7 inches.

be provided. A passageway clearance of at least 36 inches parallel to the slope of a

75° ladder shall be provided. Clearances for intermediate pitches shall vary between these

2 limits in proportion to the slope.

(d) For ladders with less than a 75° pitch the vertical clearance above any tread or rung to

an overhead obstruction shall be at least 6 feet 4 inches measured from the leading edge

of the tread or rung.

SPS 321.045

Ramps.

(1) GENERAL. Every exterior or interior ramp which leads to or from an Exit shall comply

with the requirements of this section.

Note: See ICC/ANSI A117.1 chapter 5 for more guidelines relating to the design and

construction of an accessible ramp. Under that standard, ramps along an accessible route

for people with disabilities should have a slope of not more than 1-foot of rise in 12-feet

of run and should have Handrails on both sides of the ramp.

(2) SLOPE. Ramps shall not have a gradient greater than 1 in 8 or one foot of rise in 8 feet of

run. Walkways with gradients less than 1 in 20 or one foot of rise in 20 feet of run are not

considered to be ramps.

(3) SURFACE AND WIDTH. Ramps shall have a slip resistant surface and shall have a

minimum width of 36 inches measured between Handrails.

(4) HANDRAILS. Handrails shall be provided on all open sides of ramps. Every ramp that

overcomes a change in elevation of more than 8 inches shall be provided with at least one

Handrail.

(a) Ramps which have a gradient greater than 8.33% or 1:12 or one foot rise in 12 feet of

run and which overcome a change in elevation of more than 24 inches, shall be provided

with Handrails on both sides.

(b) Handrails shall be located so the top of the Handrail is at least 30 inches, but not more

than 38 inches above the ramp surface.

(c)

1. Open-sided ramps shall have the area below the Handrail protected by intermediate

rails or an ornamental pattern to prevent the passage of a sphere with a diameter of 4

3/8 inches when applying a force of 4 pounds, except as provided in subd. 2.

2. This paragraph does not apply to ramps having a walking surface that is less than 24

inches above adjacent grade, if a toe-kick or side rail is provided to 4 inches above the

walking surface, and a mid-rail is provided between the toe-kick or side rail and the

Handrail.

(d) The clear space between the Handrail and any adjoining wall shall be at least

1½ inches.

(5) LANDINGS. A level Landing shall be provided at the top, at the foot and at any change in

direction of the ramp. The Landing shall be at least as wide as the ramp and shall measure at

least 3 feet in the direction of travel.

SPS 321.05 Natural light and natural ventilation.

(1) NATURAL LIGHT. Each Habitable Room shall be provided with natural light by means of

glazed openings. The area of the glazed openings shall be at least 8% of the net floor area,

except under the following circumstances:

(a) Exception. Habitable Rooms, other than bedrooms, located in Basements, Ground

Floors or above Garages do not require natural light.

(b) Exception. Natural light may be obtained from adjoining areas through glazed

openings, louvers, or other Approved methods. Door openings into adjoining areas may

not be used to satisfy this requirement.

(1m) NET FLOOR AREA. For the purposes of subs. (1) and (2), “net floor area" does not

include any area with a Ceiling Height of less than 5 feet.

(2) VENTILATION.

(a) Natural ventilation.

1. Natural ventilation shall be provided to each Habitable Room by means of openable

doors, skylights, or Windows. The net area of the openable doors, skylights or

Windows shall be at least 3.5% of the net floor area of the room, except as provided in

subd. 2. Balanced mechanical ventilation may be provided in lieu of openable exterior

doors, skylights or Windows provided the system is capable of providing at least one

air change per hour of fresh outside air while the room is occupied. Infiltration may

not be considered as make-up air for balancing purposes.

2. Any area with a Ceiling Height of less than 5 feet may be excluded from the net

floor area.

(b) Exhaust ventilation. All exhaust ventilation shall terminate outside the building.

(3) SAFETY GLASS.

(am) Except as provided in par. (bm), glazing shall consist of safety glass meeting the

requirements of either 16 CFR Part 1201 or ANSI Z97.1 when installed in any of the

following locations:

1. In any sidelight or glazing adjacent to a door, that meets all of the following:

a. The nearest point of the glazing is within 2 feet of the door when the door is in

the closed position.

b. The nearest point of the glazing is within 5 feet of the floor.

c. The plane of the glazing is within 30 degrees of the plane of the door when the

door is in the closed position.

2. In any wall where the glazing is within 5 feet vertically of the lowest drain inlet and

within 3 feet horizontally of the nearest part of the inner rim of a bathtub, hot tub,

shower, spa, or whirlpool appliance.

3. Within 4 feet vertically of a tread or Landing in a Stairway and within one foot

horizontally of the near edge of the tread or Landing.

4. Within 4 feet vertically of the floor and 3 feet horizontally of the nosing of the top

or bottom tread of a Stair.

5. In Guard assemblies.

(bm) Safety glass is not required where glazing meets any of the following:

1. The size of an individual pane of glass is 8 inches or less in the least dimension.

2. The safety glass is required by sub. (3) (am) 1. and the only door within 2 feet of the

glazing is the fixed panel of a patio door.

3. The safety glass is required by sub. (3) (am) 1. and there is an intervening wall or

other permanent barrier between the door and the glazing.

Note: The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission requires safety glass for

glazing in internal and external doors, including storm doors and patio doors, as

well as for the tub or shower enclosures themselves. These federal rules,

contained in 16 CFR, subchapter B, part 1201, apply in addition to any state rules

or statutes.

Note: Glass blocks are considered to be masonry products and are regulated under

the ACI 530 standard adopted under SPS 320.24. They are not required to be

safety glazing.

SPS 321.06 Ceiling Height All Habitable Rooms, Kitchens, hallways, bathrooms, and corridors

shall have a Ceiling Height of at least 7 feet, except as follows:

(1)

(a) Rooms may have Ceiling Heights of less than 7 feet provided at least 50% of the

room's floor area has a Ceiling Height of at least 7 feet. Any area with a Ceiling Height of

less than 5 feet may be ignored in this calculation.

(b) The 50% limit in par. (a) does not apply to subs. (3) to (6).

(2) Beams and girders or other projections may project to no more than 8 inches below the

required Ceiling Height.

(3) The Ceiling Height extending back from the front edge of a water closet may slope to

below 7 feet, but may not go below 5 feet until beyond the back of the water closet.

(4) The Ceiling Height extending back from the front edge of a lavatory may be less than 7

feet, but may not go below 5 feet until beyond the back of the lavatory.

(5) A Ceiling Height of less than 7 feet may be provided between the rear rim of a bathtub

and a wall of the room abutting that rim, or between the side rim and a room wall abutting

that rim.

(6) A Ceiling Height of less than 7 feet may be provided between the rear wall of a shower

stall and a wall of the room abutting that rear wall, or between the side wall of a shower and a

room wall abutting that side wall.

Note: Section SPS 384.20 (5) (o) 4. establishes minimum horizontal clearances for water

closets, and reads as follows: “A water closet may not be located closer than 15 inches

from its center to any side wall, partition, vanity, or other obstruction, nor closer than 30

inches center to center, between water closets. There shall be at least 24 inches clearance

in front of a water closet to any wall, fixture or door."

Note: See Ch. SPS 384 Appendix for further explanatory material.

SPS 321.07 Attic and crawl space access.

(1) ATTIC. Attics with 150 or more square feet of area and 30 or more inches of clear height

between the top of the ceiling framing and the bottom of the rafter or top truss chord framing

shall be provided with an access opening of at least 14 by 24 inches, accessible from inside

the structure.

(2) CRAWL SPACES. Crawl spaces with 18 inches of clearance or more between the crawl

space floor and the underside of the house floor joist framing shall be provided with an access

opening of at least 14 by 24 inches.

Note: Access to plumbing or electrical systems may be required under chs. SPS

382 to 387, Plumbing Code or ch. SPS 316, Electrical Code, Volume 2.

SPS 321.08 Fire separation and Dwelling Unit separation.

(1) FIRE SEPARATION. Dwelling Units shall be separated from Garage spaces, accessory

buildings, property lines and other Dwelling Units in accordance with Table 321.08 and the

following requirements: - See PDF for table

1. Distance shall be measured perpendicular from wall to wall or property line,

ignoring overhangs.

2. Fire rated construction shall protect the Dwelling from an exterior fire source.

3. Fire rated construction may be in either facing wall.

4. Fire rated construction shall be in both facing walls.

5. The methods for Garage separation in par. (a) 1. are examples of ¾ hour wall

construction.

(a) Attached Garages.

1. The walls and ceiling between an Attached Garage and any portion of the Dwelling,

including Attic or soffit areas, shall be ¾-hour fire-resistive construction or shall be

constructed as specified in any of the following:

a. One layer of 5/8-inch Type X gypsum drywall shall be used on the Garage side

of the separation wall or ceiling.

b. One layer of ½-inch gypsum drywall shall be used on each side of the

separation wall or ceiling.

c. Two layers of ½-inch gypsum drywall shall be used on the Garage side of the

separation wall or ceiling.

2. For all methods listed under subd. 1., drywall joints shall comply with one of the

following:

a. Joints shall be taped or sealed.

b. Joints shall be fitted so that the gap is no more than 1/20-inch with joints

backed by either solid wood or another layer of drywall such that the joints are

staggered.

Note: 1/20-inch is approximately the thickness of a U.S. dime.

3. Vertical separations between an Attached Garage and a Dwelling shall extend from

the top of a concrete or masonry Foundation to the underside of the roof sheathing or

fire-resistive ceiling construction.

(b) Structural elements exposed in an Attached Garage. Beams, columns and bearing

walls which are exposed to the Garage and which provide support for habitable portions

of the Dwelling shall be protected by one of the methods specified in par. (a) 1. a. or c. or

other ¾ hour fire-resistive protection.

1. The door and frame assembly between the Dwelling Unit and an Attached Garage

shall be labeled by an independent testing agency as having a minimum fire-resistive

rating of 20 minutes. The test to determine the 20-minute rating is not required to

include the hose stream portion of the test.

Note: Acceptable tests for fire rating of door assemblies include ASTM E-152,

UL 10B, and NFPA 252.

2. Only glazing allowed by the door's listing may be installed in any door required

under this section.

(d) Other openings.

1. Access openings in fire separation walls or ceilings shall be protected in one of the

following ways:

a. The opening is protected with a material that has a finish rating of at least 20

minutes.

b. The opening is protected in the same way as the wall or ceiling where the

opening is located.

2. The cover or door of the access opening shall be permanently installed with

hardware that will maintain it in the closed position when not in use.

(2) DWELLING UNIT SEPARATION.

(a) General. In 2-family Dwellings, Dwelling Units shall be separated from each other

and from shared tenant spaces including Attics, Basements, Garages, vestibules, and

corridors.

(b) Attic separation. Dwelling Units with Attic space that extends over both units shall

be separated in accordance with one of the following:

1. `Complete separation.' The units shall be provided with wall construction under

par. (d) that extends all the way to the underside of the roof Deck.

2. `Vertical and horizontal separation.'

a. The units shall be provided with wall construction under par. (d) that extends to

the Dwelling Unit ceiling and ceiling construction under par. (e).

b. Dwelling Units using this method of separation shall provide Attic draft

stopping under par. (f) that extends all the way to the underside of the roof Deck

above and in line with the separation wall.

frame assembly labeled by an independent testing agency as having a minimum fireresistive rating of 20 minutes. The test to determine the 20-minute rating is not required

to include the hose stream portion of the test.

(d) Walls. Walls in the Dwelling Unit separation shall be protected by not less than one

layer of 5/ 8-inch Type X gypsum wallboard or 2 layers of ½-inch gypsum wallboard or

equivalent on each side of the wall with joints in compliance with sub. (1) (a) 2.

(e) Floors and ceilings. A fire protective membrane of one layer of 5/8-inch Type X

gypsum wallboard with joints in compliance with sub. (1) (a) 2., shall be provided on the

ceiling beneath the floor construction that provides the separation.

(f) Draft stopping for concealed roof spaces and Attics.

1. Attic areas, mansards, overhangs, and other concealed roof spaces shall be draft

stopped above and in line with the separation wall.

2. Acceptable draft stopping materials include:

a. 3/8-inch wood structural panel.

b. ½ -inch gypsum board.

(3) PENETRATIONS.

(a) Ducts.

1. Except as allowed under subd. 2., all heating and ventilating ducts that penetrate a

required separation shall be protected with a listed fire damper with a rating of at least

90 minutes.

2. The fire damper required under subd. 1. may be omitted in any of the following

cases:

a. There is a minimum of 6 feet of continuous steel ductwork on at least one side

of the penetration.

b. The duct has a maximum cross-sectional area of 20 square inches.

(b) Electrical and plumbing components. Penetrations of a required separation by

electrical and plumbing components shall be firmly packed with noncombustible material

or shall be protected with a listed through-penetration firestop system with a rating of at

least one hour.

by a penetration firestop system Approved by the Department and installed as tested in

accordance with ASTM E 814 or UL 1479, with a minimum positive pressure differential

of 0.01 inch of water (3 pa), and shall have an F rating of not less than the required fireresistance rating of the assembly penetrated.

SPS 321.085 Fire Blocking.

(1) FIRE BLOCKING LOCATIONS. Fire Blocking shall be provided in all of the following

locations:

(a) In concealed spaces of walls and partitions, including furred spaces, at the ceiling and

floor levels.

(b) At all interconnections between concealed vertical and horizontal spaces including

the attachment between a Carport and a Dwelling.

intervening floor level.

(d) At all openings around wires, cables, Vents, pipes, ducts, Chimneys and fireplaces at

ceiling and floor level.

(2) FIRE BLOCKING MATERIALS. Fire Blocking shall consist of one of the following:

(a) 2-inch nominal lumber.

(b) Two layers of one-inch nominal lumber.

backed with the same material.

(d) One thickness of ½-inch gypsum wallboard, face nailed, or face screwed to solid

wood, with any joints backed with the same material.

(e) Fiberglass or mineral wool batt insulation may be used if both of the following

conditions are met:

1. The least dimension of the opening may not exceed 4 inches.

2. The batt shall be installed to fill the entire thickness of the opening or stud cavity.

(f) For wires, cables, pipes and Vents only, non-shrinking caulk, putty mortar, or similar

material may be used provided no dimension of the opening exceeds ½ inch around the

penetrating object.

(g) For Chimneys, fireplaces, and metal Vents, Fire Blocking shall be metal, cement

board or other noncombustible material.

SPS 321.09 Smoke detectors.

(1) A listed and labeled multiple-station smoke alarm with battery backup shall be installed

in all of the following locations:

(a) An alarm shall be installed inside each sleeping room.

(b) On floor levels that contain one or more sleeping areas, an alarm shall be installed

outside of the sleeping rooms, within 21 feet of the centerline of the door opening to any

sleeping room and in an Exit path from any sleeping room.

common area on each floor level.

Note: This Code requires the Owner of a Dwelling to install a functional smoke

detector in the Basement of the Dwelling and on each floor level except the Attic or

storage area of each Dwelling Unit. The occupant of such a Dwelling Unit shall

maintain any smoke detector in that unit.

(2)

(a) Except for Dwellings with no electrical service, smoke detectors required by this

section shall be continuously powered by the house electrical service and shall be

interconnected so that activation of one detector will cause activation of all detectors.

Note: Wireless interconnectivity is permitted under this paragraph.

(b) Dwellings with no electrical service shall be provided with battery-powered smoke

detectors in the locations under sub. (1). Interconnection and battery-backup are not

required in these Dwellings.

(3) For family living units with one or more communicating split levels or open adjacent

levels with less than 5 feet of separation between levels, one smoke detector on the upper

level shall suffice for an adjacent lower level, including Basements. Where there is an

intervening door between one level and the adjacent lower level, smoke detectors shall be

installed on each level.

(4) Smoke alarms and detectors shall be maintained in accordance with the manufacturer's

specifications.

(5) For envelope Dwellings, at least 3 smoke alarms shall be placed in the air passageways.

The alarms shall be placed as far apart as possible.

(6) In Basements where two required Exits are separated by a continuous wall, a smoke

detector shall be placed on each side of the wall within 21 feet of each Exit.

SPS 321.095 Automatic fire sprinklers.

(1) Except as provided in subs. (2) and (3), the design, installation, testing and maintenance

of automatic fire sprinklers shall conform to NFPA 13D.

(2)

(a) The requirements of NFPA 13D sections 6.3 (4), 8.1.3 and 8.6 are not included as part

of this Code.

(b) Fire department connections are prohibited in multipurpose piping systems.

(3)

(a) Limited area automatic fire sprinkler systems are allowed in Dwellings.

(b)

1. A limited area automatic fire sprinkler system shall add the following wording to

the warning sign required in 6.3(5) of NFPA 13D: “The number and location of

sprinklers in this system does not conform to NFPA 13D."

2. An automatic fire sprinkler system providing fire protection throughout the

Dwelling in accordance with NFPA 13D shall add the following wording to the

warning sign required in 6.3(5) of NFPA 13D: “The number and location of sprinklers

in this system conform with NFPA 13D."

Note: Multipurpose piping systems need to conform to provisions of the

Plumbing Code, chs. SPS 381 to 387. These systems attach fire sprinkler heads to

the Dwelling's potable water piping system.

SPS 321.097 Carbon monoxide detectors.

(1) DEFINITIONS. In this section:

(ag) “Carbon monoxide detector” means an electronic or battery-operated device or

system that sounds an alarm when an unsafe level of carbon monoxide is in the air.

(ar) “Fuel-burning appliance" means a device that burns fossil fuel or carbon-based fuel

and that produces carbon monoxide as a combustion by-product. Fuel-burning appliances

include Stoves, ovens, grills, clothes dryers, furnaces, boilers, water heaters, fireplaces,

and heaters.

(2) NEW CONSTRUCTION.

(a) General. Listed and labeled carbon monoxide detectors shall be installed and

maintained in accordance with this Code, in one and 2-family Dwellings, for which

building permit applications were made or construction commenced prior to the adoption

of this Code.

(b) Location.

1. On floor levels that contain one or more sleeping areas, a carbon monoxide detector

shall be installed outside of the sleeping area, within 21 feet of the centerline of the

door opening to any sleeping area and in an Exit path from any sleeping area.

2. On floor levels that do not contain a sleeping area, a carbon monoxide detector shall

be installed in a common area on each floor level.

1. Except as provided in subd. 2., carbon monoxide detectors shall be continuously

interconnected so that activation of one alarm will cause activation of all alarms.

2. Dwellings with no electrical service shall be provided with battery-powered carbon

monoxide detectors in the locations under par. (b). Interconnection is not required in

these Dwellings.

(d) Standards. The devices shall conform with one of the following standards:

1. Carbon monoxide detectors shall be listed and labeled identifying conformance with

UL 2034.

Note: Pursuant to this subdivision, carbon monoxide detectors need to be

acceptable under the 2005 edition of the UL 2034 standard, Single and Multiple

State Carbon Monoxide Alarms.

2. Carbon monoxide detectors and sensors as part of a gas detection or emergency

signaling system shall be listed and labeled identifying conformance with UL 2075.

Note: Pursuant to this subdivision, carbon monoxide detectors and sensors need

to be acceptable under the 2007 edition of the UL 2075 standard, Gas and Vapor

Protectors and Sensors.

(3) EXISTING DWELLINGS. Listed and labeled carbon monoxide detectors shall be installed

and maintained in accordance with this Code, in one and 2-family Dwellings, for which

building permit applications were made or initial construction commenced prior to the

adoption of this Code.

Note: See statutory reprint under SPS 321.097 (2) (a).

SPS 321.10 Protection against decay and termites.

(1) Wood used in any of the applications under this section shall meet all of the following

requirements:

(a) The wood shall be labeled and pressure treated with preservative in accordance with

an AWPA standard or shall be naturally durable and decay-resistant or shall be

engineered to be decay resistant.

(b) The wood shall be pressure treated with preservative or shall be naturally termiteresistant unless additional steps are taken to make the wood termite-resistant.

(2) Wood used in the following locations shall be as required under sub. (1):

(a) Resting directly upon or embedded in earth.

(b) Floor joists or sleepers that meet all of the following conditions:

1. The joists or sleepers are protected from the weather.

2. The joists or sleepers are within 18 inches above a lower floor surface, Deck, or

soil.

3. There is no vapor retarder that meets the requirements under SPS 322.38 (1)

(a) between the joists or sleepers and the soil below.

Note: This situation could occur with a floor over a crawl space or when a floor is

added over a patio Deck or a Garage slab.

unless protected with a moisture barrier.

Note: Acceptable moisture barriers for this application include ¾ -inch exterior

preservative-treated plywood, or ice dam protection material listed as meeting the

requirements of ASTM D 1970 or vapor retarder material, provided they are protected

from physical and UV light damage.

(d) Girders that span directly over and within 12 inches of earth.

(e) Sills and rim joists that rest on concrete or masonry and are also below grade or

within 8 inches above final exterior grade.

(f)

1. Siding and sheathing in contact with concrete, masonry, or earth and within 6 inches

above final exterior grade.

2. Siding and sheathing in contact with concrete or masonry and within 2 inches above

an impervious surface.

(g) Ends of wood structural members and their shims resting on or supported in masonry

or concrete walls and having clearances of less than ½ inch on the top, sides and ends.

(h) Bottom plates or sole plates of walls that rest on concrete or masonry and that are

below exterior grade or less than 8 inches above final exterior grade.

(i) Columns in direct contact with concrete or masonry unless supported by a structural

pedestal or plinth block at least one inch above the floor.

(j) Any structural part of an outdoor Deck, including the Decking.

(k) Permanent wood Foundations.

(3) Wood girders that rest directly on exterior concrete or masonry shall be protected by one

of the following methods:

(a) The wood shall be pressure treated with preservative or shall be a naturally durable

and decay-resistant species.

(b) Material, such as pressure-treated plywood, flashing material, steel shims, or waterresistant membrane material shall be placed between the wood and the concrete or

masonry.

(4) All pressure-treated wood and plywood shall be identified by a quality mark or certificate

of inspection of an Approved inspection agency which maintains continued supervision,

testing and inspection over the quality of the product.

Note: Heartwood of redwood, cypress, black walnut, catalpa, chestnut, sage orange, red

mulberry, white oak, or cedar lumber are considered by the Department to be naturally

decay-resistant. Heartwood of bald cypress, redwood, and eastern red cedar are

considered by the Department to be naturally termite resistant.

(5) FASTENERS.

(a) Fasteners for pressure-preservative treated wood and fire-retardant-treated wood shall

meet one of the following requirements:

1. The fastener is a steel bolt with a diameter of 0.5 inch or greater.

2. The fastener is made of stainless steel.

3. The fastener is made of hot-dipped, zinc-galvanized steel with the coating weight

and thickness labeled as complying with ASTM A 153.

4. The fastener is made of steel with a mechanically deposited zinc coating labeled as

complying with ASTM B 695, Class 55 or greater.

5. The fastener has coating types and weights in accordance with the fastener

manufacturer's recommendations. In the absence of the manufacturer's

recommendations subd. 1., 2., 3., or 4. shall apply.

Note: “Zinc plated," “zinc coated," “chrome plated," etc., fasteners do not

necessarily comply with either of these standards.

(b) When a fastener is used with a hanger or other metal fixture, the fastener shall be of

the same material as the hanger or metal fixture.

Note: When separate pieces are in close contact, zinc corrodes rapidly in the presence

of plain steel. Zinc corrodes much more rapidly in the presence of stainless steel.

with nuts and washers.

SPS 321.11 Foam plastic.

(1)

(a) General. Foam plastic insulation shall have a flame-spread rating of 75 or less and a

smoke-developed rating of 450 or less when tested in accordance with ASTM E-84.

(b) Thermal barrier. Except as provided in par. (c), foam plastic insulation shall be

separated from the interior of the Dwelling by one of the following thermal barriers:

1. ½ -inch gypsum wallboard.

2. ½ -inch nominal wood structural panel.

3. ¾ -inch sawn lumber with tongue-and-groove or lap joints.

4. 1-inch of masonry or concrete.

5. A product or material shown by an independent laboratory to limit the temperature

rise on the unexposed surface to 250°F for 15 minutes when tested in accordance with

ASTM E-119.

6. For doors only, sheet metal with a minimum thickness of 26 standard steel gauge or

aluminum with a minimum thickness of 0.032 inch.

Note: Number 26 standard steel gauge is approximately equal to 0.018-inch.

plastic do not require a thermal barrier:

1. On overhead Garage doors.

2. In the box sill of the Basement or Ground Floor, above the bottom of the floor

joists.

(2) Insulation that does not meet the requirements of this section may be Approved by the

Department in accordance with SPS 320.18. Approval will be based on tests that evaluate

materials or products representative of actual end-use applications.

Note: See SPS 322.21 (3) for requirements for protecting foam plastic on the exterior of a

Dwelling.

SPS 321.115 Installation of elevators or dumbwaiters. Elevators or dumbwaiters serving

Dwelling Units shall comply with the requirements under ch. SPS 318.

Subchapter III — Excavations

SPS 321.12 Drainage.

(1) GRADE. The finished grade of the soil shall slope away from the Dwelling at a rate of at

least 1/2 inch per foot for at least 10 feet, except as provided in subs. (2) and (3).

(2) OTHER SURFACES. Where the finished surface is impervious, it shall slope away from

the Dwelling for at least 10 feet at a rate that ensures equivalent drainage.

(3) OBSTRUCTIONS. Where lot lines, walls, slopes, or other barriers prevent having the 10foot distance in sub. (2), swales or other means shall be provided to ensure equivalent

drainage away from the Dwelling.

SPS 321.125 Erosion control and sediment control.

(1) GENERAL.

(a) Where Land Disturbing Construction Activity is to occur Erosion and sediment

Control Practices shall be employed, as necessary, and maintained to prevent or reduce

the potential deposition of soil or sediment to all of the following:

1. The Waters of the State.

2. Adjacent properties.

(b) Land disturbing construction activities, except those activities necessary to implement

Erosion or sediment Control Practices, may not begin until the sediment Control

Practices are in place for each area to be disturbed in accordance with the Approved plan.

are Stabilized. A disturbed area shall be considered Stabilized by vegetation when a

perennial cover has been established with a density of at least 70%.

(d) Erosion and sediment Control Practices must be Approved by the Department.

(2) MANDATED PRACTICES. Specific practices at each site where Land Disturbing

Construction Activity is to occur shall be utilized to prevent or reduce all of the following:

(a) The deposition of soil from being tracked onto streets by vehicles.

(b) The discharge of sediment from disturbed areas into on-site storm water inlets.

(d) The discharge of sediment from drainage ways that flow off the site.

(e) The discharge of sediment by dewatering activities.

(f) The discharge of sediment eroding from soil stockpiles existing for more than 7 days.

(3) CONTROL STANDARDS. Including the practices under sub. (2), additional Erosion and

sediment Control Practices shall be employed, as necessary, to accomplish one of the

following:

(a) A potential annual cumulative soil loss rate of not more than one of the following:

1. Five tons per acre per year where sand, loamy sand, sandy loam, loam, sandy clay

loam, clay loam, sandy clay, silty clay, or clay textures are exposed.

2. Seven and 1/2 tons per acre per year where silt, silty clay loam, or silt loam textures

are exposed.

the site on an average annual basis as compared with no sediment or Erosion controls for

the site where less than one acre of Land Disturbing Construction Activity is to occur.

Note: See ch. SPS 325 Appendix A for further explanatory material regarding

compliance solutions for 80 and 40% reductions.

(4) SOIL LOSS ANALYSIS. Potential soil loss shall be determined using an engineer analytical

modeling acceptable to the Department.

Note: The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation II is an example of an acceptable model

to determine soil loss.

(5) MONITORING.

(a) The Owner or Owner's agent shall check the Erosion and sediment Control Practices

for maintenance needs at all the following intervals until the site is Stabilized:

1. At least weekly.

2. Within 24 hours after a rainfall event of 0.5 inches or greater. A rainfall event shall

be considered to be the total amount of rainfall recorded in any continuous 24-hour

period.

3. At all intervals cited on the Erosion and sediment control plan.

(b) The Owner or Owner's agent shall maintain a monitoring record when the Land

Disturbing Construction Activity involves one or more acres.

1. The condition of the Erosion and sediment Control Practices at the intervals

specified under par. (a).

2. A description of the maintenance conducted to Repair or replace Erosion and

sediment Control Practices.

(6) MAINTENANCE.

(a)

1. Except as provided in subd. 3., off-site sediment deposition resulting from the

failure of an Erosion or sediment Control Practice shall be cleaned up by the end of

the next day.

Note: Contact the Land and Natural Resources Division before attempting to

clean up any sediment deposited or discharged into the Waters of the State.

2. Except as provided in subd. 3., off-site soil deposition, resulting from construction

activity, that creates a nuisance shall be cleaned up by the end of the workday.

3. A municipality may enact more stringent requirements regarding cleanup of soil or

sediment deposition onto public ways.

(b)

1. Except as required in subd. 2., the Owner or Owner's agent shall complete Repair or

replacement of Erosion and sediment Control Practices as necessary within 48 hours

of an interval specified under sub. (5).

2. When the failure of Erosion or sediment Control Practices results in an immediate

threat of sediment entering public sewers or the Waters of the State, procedures shall

be implemented immediately to Repair or replace the practices.

Note: See ch. SPS 325 Appendix A for further explanatory material.

SPS 321.13 Excavations adjacent to adjoining property.

(1) NOTICE. Any person making or causing an excavation which may affect the lateral soil

support of adjoining property or buildings shall provide at least 30 days written notice to all

Owners of adjoining buildings of the intention to excavate. The notice shall state that

adjoining buildings may require permanent protection.

(a) Exception. The 30-day time limit for written notification may be waived if such

waiver is signed by the owner(s) of the adjoining properties.

(2) RESPONSIBILITY FOR UNDERPINNING AND FOUNDATION EXTENSIONS.

(a) Excavations less than 12 feet in depth. If the excavation is made to a depth of 12 feet

or less below grade, the person making or causing the excavation shall not be responsible

for any necessary underpinning or extension of the Foundations of any adjoining

buildings.

(b) Excavations greater than 12 feet in depth. If the excavation is made to a depth in

excess of 12 feet below grade, the Owner(s) of adjoining buildings shall be responsible

for any necessary underpinning or extension of the Foundations of their buildings to a

depth of 12 feet below grade. The person making or causing the excavation shall be

responsible for any underpinning or extension of Foundations below the depth of 12 feet

below grade.

SPS 321.14

Excavations for footings and Foundations.

(1) EXCAVATIONS BELOW FOOTINGS AND FOUNDATIONS. No excavation shall be made

below the footing and Foundation unless provisions are taken to prevent the collapse of the

footing or Foundation.

(2) EXCAVATIONS FOR FOOTINGS. All footings shall be located on undisturbed or

compacted soil, free of organic material, unless the footings are reinforced to bridge poor soil

conditions.

Subchapter IV — Footings

SPS 321.15 Footings.

(1) GENERAL.

(a) The Dwelling and Attached structures, such as Decks and Garages, shall be supported

on a structural system designed to transmit and safely distribute the loads to the soil.

(b) The loads for determining the footing size shall include the weight of the Live Load,

roof, walls, floors, pier, or column, plus the weight of the structural system and the soil

over the footing.

(d) The bearing area shall be at least equal to the area required to transfer the loads to the

supporting soil without exceeding the bearing capacity of the soil.

(e)

1. Structures supported on floating slabs or similar shallow Foundations may not be

physically attached to structures that are supported by footings that extend below the

frost line unless an isolation joint is used between the structures, except as provided in

subd. 2. This isolation shall extend for the full height of the structure.

2. Exterior ramps are not required to comply with subd. 1.

(2) SIZE AND TYPE. Unless designed by structural analysis, unreinforced concrete footings

shall comply with the following requirements:

(a) Continuous footings. The minimum width of the footing on each side of the

Foundation wall shall measure at least 4 inches wider than the wall. The footing depth

shall be at least 8 inches nominal. Footing placed in unstable soil shall be formed. Lintels

may be used in place of continuous footings when there is a change in footing elevation.

Note: Unstable soil includes soils that are unable to support themselves at a 90-degree

angle for the full depth of the footing.

(b) Column or pier footing.

1. The minimum width and length of column or pier footings shall measure at least 2

feet by 2 feet.

2. The minimum depth of column or pier footings shall measure at least 12 inches

nominal.

conditions permit. The minimum width shall be at least 8 inches nominal.

(d) Chimney and fireplace footings. Footing for Chimneys or fireplaces shall extend at

least 4 inches on each side of the Chimney or fireplace. The minimum depth shall

measure at least 12 inches nominal.

(e) Floating slabs. Any Dwelling supported on a floating slab on grade shall be designed

through structural analysis.

(f) Deck footings. Decks attached to Dwellings and detached Decks which serve an Exit

shall be supported on a structural system designed to transmit and safely distribute the

loads to the soil. Footings shall be sized to not exceed the allowable material Stresses.

The bearing area shall be at least equal to the area required to transfer the loads to the

supporting soil without exceeding the bearing values of the soil.

(3) SOIL-BEARING CAPACITY. No footing or Foundation shall be placed on soil with a

bearing capacity of less than 2,000 pounds per square foot unless the footing or Foundation

has been designed through structural analysis. The soil-bearing values of common soils may

be determined through soil identification.

Note: The Department will accept the soil-bearing values for the types of soil listed in

the following table: - See PDF for table

(a) Minimum soil-bearing values. If the soil located directly under a footing or

Foundation overlies a layer of soil having a smaller allowable bearing value, the smaller

soil-bearing value shall be used.

(b) Unprepared fill material, organic material. No footing or Foundation shall be placed

upon unprepared fill material, organic soil, alluvial soil, or mud unless the load will be

supported. When requested, soil data shall be provided.

Note: The decomposition of organic material in landfill sites established for the

disposal of organic wastes may produce odorous, toxic, and explosive concentrations

of gas which may seep into buildings through storm sewers and similar underground

utilities unless provisions are taken to release the gases to the atmosphere.

SPS 321.16 Frost protection.

(1) GENERAL.

(a) Footings and Foundations, including those for Landings and stoops, shall be placed

below the frost penetration level or at least 48 inches below adjacent grade, whichever is

deeper, except as allowed under sub. (2).

(b) Footings may not be placed on frozen material.

(2) EXCEPTIONS.

(a) Frost protected shallow Foundations shall be designed in accordance with ASCE–32

as adopted in Table 320.24-5.

(b) Portions of footings or Foundations located directly under Window areaways do not

require frost protection provided the rest of the Foundation is protected in accordance

with this section.

adjacent grade provided all of the following conditions are met.

1. The rock shall be cleaned of all earth prior to placement.

2. All clay in crevices of the rock shall be removed to the level of frost penetration or

to 1.5 times the width of the rock crevice, whichever is less.

3. Provisions shall be taken to prevent water from collecting anywhere along the

Foundation.

(d) Subsection (1) (a) does not apply to the footing for a ramp and its Handrail posts

unless the ramp abuts a frost-protected stoop or Landing, in which case only the footing

for that abutting end of the ramp is required to have the frost protection under sub. (1) (a),

such as by bearing onto the stoop or Landing, so that a tripping hazard is not created.

Note: See ch. SPS 325 Appendix A for further information.

SPS 321.17 Drain tiles.

(1) DETERMINATION OF NEED.

(a) New construction.

1. Except as provided under sub. (2), a complete drain tile or pipe system shall be

installed around the Foundation of Dwellings under construction where groundwater

occurs above the bottom of the footing.

2. For the purposes of this section, a complete drain tile or pipe system includes all of

the following:

a. The drain tile or pipe installed inside and outside the Foundation, except as

allowed under SPS 321.17 (3) (d) 1. b.

b. Bleeders connecting the inside tile or pipe to the outside tile or pipe.

c. The sump pit or crock.

d. The discharge piping.

e. A pump or other means of discharging water to grade.

(b) Optional systems.

1. If a complete drain tile or pipe system is not required by natural conditions under

par. (a) or by the Department, a partial drain tile or pipe system may be installed.

2. For the purposes of this section, a partial drain tile or pipe system includes a means

of discharging water from the tile or pipe and may include any of the other elements

under par. (a) 2.

Note: Means of discharging water include a sump pit, a crock, or natural means of

drainage to daylight.

(2) OPTIONAL SYSTEMS.

(a) New construction.

1. For new Dwelling construction, the Department may determine the soil types and

natural or seasonal groundwater levels for which a complete drain tile or pipe system

is required.

(3) MATERIAL AND INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS FOR REQUIRED SYSTEMS.

(a) General. Complete drain tile or pipe systems required by natural conditions under

sub. (1) (a) or by the Department shall comply with the requirements of this subsection.

(b) Basement floor slabs. The Basement slab shall be placed on at least 4 inches of clean

graded sand, gravel, or crushed stone.

requirements of this section shall be submitted to the Department for review and approval

prior to installation.

(d) Drain tile or pipe installation. Drain tile or pipe used for Foundation drainage shall

comply with the following requirements:

a. Except as allowed under subd. 1. b., the top of the tile or pipe shall be at or

below the top of the footing.

b. Where the top of the footing is more than 4 inches below the bottom of the

floor slab, tile or pipe is required on the interior of the Foundation only and it

shall be placed directly under the floor.

Note: This situation will commonly occur with a walk-out Basement.

2. Drain tile or pipe shall have an inside diameter of at least 3 inches.

3. Drain tile or pipe shall have open seams, joints, or perforations to allow water to

enter.

4. Where individual tiles are used, they shall be laid with 1/ 8-inch open joints. Joints

between tiles shall be covered with a strip of asphalt or tar impregnated felt.

5. The tile or pipe shall be placed upon at least 2 inches of Coarse Aggregate and shall

be covered on the top and the side facing away from the Dwelling with at least 12

inches of Coarse Aggregate that meets all of the following criteria:

a. 100% of the aggregate shall pass a 1-inch sieve.

b. 90-100% of the aggregate shall pass a ¾-inch sieve.

c. 0-55% of the aggregate shall pass a 3/8-inch sieve.

d. 0-5% of the aggregate shall pass a #8 sieve.

Note: A #8 sieve has square openings of 2.36 mm or 0.09 inch.

Note: These specifications encompass aggregate sizes #6 and #67 per ASTM

standard C 33. Of the two sizes, #6 is coarser.

a. Bleeder tiles or pipes shall be provided at no more than 8-foot intervals to

connect the exterior drain tile or pipe to the interior drain tile or pipe.

b. Bleeder tiles or pipes shall have a minimum interior diameter of 3 inches.

c. Direct connection of the bleeders is not required if the intersection of the

bleeder with the tile or pipe is covered with a membrane or fabric that prevents

soil and fines from entering the system.

7. The drain tiles or pipe that lead from the footing tiles to the sump pit shall be laid at

a grade of at least 1/8 inch per foot leading to the sump pit. The remaining drain tiles

or pipe shall be level or graded downward to the line leading to the sump pit.

(e) Drain tile or pipe discharge.

1. Drain tiles or pipe shall be connected to the sump pit.

2. The sump pit shall discharge to natural grade or be equipped with a pump.

3. All other aspects of drain tile discharge shall be in accordance with this Code.

SPS 321.18 Foundations.

(1) GENERAL.

Subchapter V — Foundations

(a) Design. Foundation walls shall be designed and constructed to support the vertical

loads of the Dwelling, lateral soil pressure, and other loads without exceeding the

allowable Stresses of the materials of which the Foundations are constructed.

(b) Lateral support at base. Lateral support such as floor slabs or framing shall be

provided at the base of Foundation walls.

walls by one of the following:

2. Structural analysis. A system designed through structural analysis.

3. Anchor bolts.

a. Structural steel anchor bolts, at least 1/2 inch in diameter, embedded at least 7

inches into the concrete or grouted masonry with a maximum spacing of 72

inches and located within 18 inches of wall corners.

b. A properly sized nut and washer shall be tightened on each bolt to the plate or

sill.

c. When vertical-reinforcing steel is provided in masonry construction, as required

under sub. (3), the location requirements under subd. 3. a. shall be modified as

necessary so anchor bolts are placed in the same core as the reinforcement

without exceeding the limits of subd. 3. a.

d. Alternate Foundation anchorage, designed and spaced in accordance with

structural analysis and as required to provide equivalent anchorage to the

requirements of subd. 3. a., is allowable.

4. Other mechanical fasteners.

a. Mechanical fasteners used in accordance with the manufacturer's testing and

listing.

b. When vertical-reinforcing steel is provided in masonry construction, as

required under sub. (3), the location requirements under subd. 4. a. shall be

modified as necessary so the fasteners are placed in the same core as the

reinforcement without exceeding the limits of subd. 4. a.

(d) Floor framing.

1. Floor framing shall be fastened to the sill plate by one of the following methods:

a. Mechanical fasteners used in accordance with the manufacturer's testing and

listing.

b. In accordance with structural analysis.

c. In accordance with the fastener table printed in Ch. SPS 325 Appendix A.

Note: Per SPS 321.22 (1), sill plates are not required on Foundation walls of

poured concrete or on masonry walls with mortar or grout filled cores or on

masonry walls with a solid block top course.

a. Where the floor framing is parallel to the Foundation wall, solid blocking or

bridging shall be installed in at least the first adjacent joist space at a spacing of

no more than 32 inches on center.

b. Blocking and bridging shall be the same depth as the joist.

c. Fastening of the blocking or bridging shall be in accordance with structural

analysis or the fastener schedule in Table 321.02-2.

Note: The floor-framing elements required in this section are intended to

provide lateral support to the top of the Foundation wall. See SPS 321.22

(9) for further requirements relating to floor framing, including for bridging of

floor framing to provide restraint against rotation or lateral displacement of the

floor framing.

(e) Soil lateral load. Unless designed through structural analysis, soil lateral loads shall

be determined from Table 321.18-A. - See PDF for table

(2) CONCRETE FOUNDATION WALLS.

(a) General structural requirements. Except as provided in par. (b), unless designed

through structural analysis, the minimum thickness of concrete Foundation walls shall be

determined from Table 321.18-B, but in no case shall the thickness of the Foundation

wall be less than the thickness of the wall it supports.

(b) Equalized loading. A 6-inch nominal wall thickness may be used provided the fill on

one side of the wall is within 12 inches vertically of the fill on the other side of the wall.

Note: See SPS 321.15 (1) (c) for trench footing requirements. - See PDF for table

(3) MASONRY FOUNDATION WALLS.

(a) Damp proofing.

1. Except as allowed under subd. 3., masonry block Foundation walls shall be coated

with a layer of minimum 3/ 8-inch-thick type M or S portland cement mortar parging

on the exterior of the wall from footing to finished grade.

2. Masonry Foundation walls shall be damp-proofed by applying to the exterior

surface of the portland cement parging from footing to finished grade, a continuous

coating of one of the following:

a. A bituminous coating applied in accordance with the manufacturer's

instructions.

b. Acrylic-modified cement applied at a minimum rate of 3 pounds per square

yard.

c. A layer of minimum 1/8-inch-thick structural surface bonding material labeled

as complying with ASTM C887.

Note: The ASTM C887 standard is entitled, “Standard Specification for

Packaged, Dry, Combined Materials for Surface Bonding Mortar."

d. A waterproofing treatment applied in accordance with the manufacturer's

instructions.

a. Parging of masonry block Foundation walls is not required where a damp

proofing material is sufficiently flexible to be listed or designed for direct

application to masonry block.

b. Parging of masonry block Foundation walls is not required where a layer of

minimum ¼-inch thick structural surface bonding material labeled as complying

with ASTM C887 is used for damp proofing.

(b) Structural requirements. Unless designed through structural analysis, the masonry

Foundation walls shall be constructed in accordance with ACI 530.1 and the following

requirements:

1. The minimum thickness of unreinforced masonry Foundation walls shall be

determined by Table 321.18-C, but in no case shall the thickness be less than the

thickness of the wall it supports.

2. Reinforced masonry walls shall be reinforced in accordance with the requirements

of Tables 321.18-D, 321.18-E or 321.18-F. Vertical reinforcement shall be provided

on each side of any opening and at intervals indicated in the appropriate table. - See

PDF for table

- See PDF for table

3. Vertical reinforcement shall have a minimum yield strength of 60,000 psi.

4. Solid-grouted Hollow Units or cores containing vertical reinforcement shall be

filled with masonry grout that complies with ASTM C 476.

5. In lieu of the reinforcement provisions of Tables 321.18-D, 321.18-E and 321.18-F,

alternative reinforcing bar size and spacing having an equivalent cross-sectional area

or reinforcement per linear foot of wall is permitted, provided the spacing of the

reinforcement does not exceed 72 inches and reinforcing bar size does not exceed No.

11.

6. The depth below grade, wall height and reinforcement spacing may exceed the

maximum values indicated in Tables 321.18-D, 321.18-E and 321.18-F only if the

design is based on structural analysis.

(4) WOOD FOUNDATIONS. Wood Foundations shall be designed and constructed in

accordance with the wood-Foundation standard adopted in Table 320.24-6m.

Note: The Department will accept Permanent Wood Foundations Design and

Construction Guide published by the Southern Forest Products Association through the

Southern Pine Council, as complying with this standard. The Design and Construction

Guide requires a 3.5-inch-thick floor slab if a poured concrete floor slab is used.

tri

Subchapter VI — Floors

SPS 321.19 Floor design. Floors shall support all Dead Loads plus the minimum unit Live

Loads as set forth in SPS 321.02. The Live Loads shall be applied to act vertically and uniformly

to each square foot of horizontal floor area. Basements shall be provided with wood or concrete

or similar type floors that comply with SPS 321.20 or 321.205.

SPS 321.20 Concrete floors.

(1) When concrete floors are provided, the thickness of the concrete shall measure at least 3

inches.

(2) When a concrete floor is placed in clay soils, a 4-inch-thick base course shall be placed in

the subgrade consisting of clean graded sand, gravel, or crushed stone.

(3) When a concrete floor is placed on sand or gravel soils, the base course may be omitted

unless drain tile is installed. If drain tile is installed, the requirements of SPS 321.17 shall be

met.

SPS 321.203 Garage floors.

(1) MATERIALS. Garage floors shall be constructed of concrete or other noncombustible

materials which are impermeable to petroleum products. Slab-on-grade concrete Garage

floors shall be at least 4 inches thick and placed over at least 4 inches of granular fill.

Note: It is not the intent of sub. (1) to require a concrete floor to be sealed to make it

completely impermeable.

(2) CONFIGURATION. The floor shall be sloped such that water is removed in accordance

with one of the following:

(a) Water drains toward the overhead door or to exterior grade such that no damage will

be caused to any structural member or wall covering of the Garage or the Dwelling.

(b) Water drains into an interior floor drain that complies with the requirements of

ch. SPS 382.

Note: See SPS 382.34 for floor drain requirements.

SPS 321.205 Wood floors in contact with the ground. Wood floors in contact with the

ground shall comply with the requirements under SPS 321.18 (4).

SPS 321.21 Precast concrete floors. Precast concrete floors shall be designed through

structural analysis, or load tables furnished by the precast product fabricator may be used,

provided the load tables were developed using structural analysis or load testing.

SPS 321.22 Wood frame floors. Unless designed through structural analysis, wood frame

floors shall comply with the following requirements:

(1) FLOOR JOISTS.

(a) General.

1. Floor joists shall comply with the structural requirements and Live Load

determination under SPS 321.02.

Note: See Ch. SPS 325 Appendix A for design information.

2. Where the joists of a floor system are parallel to, and located between bearing walls

above and below, the joists shall be doubled.

(b) Floor joists on concrete walls. Where a sill plate is provided for floor joists on

poured concrete, the sill plates shall be fastened to the Foundation.

Note: Section SPS 321.18 (1) (d) requires the floor joists to also be fastened to the sill

plate.

for floor joists on solid block top course masonry, the sill plate shall be fastened to the

Foundation.

(d) Floor joists on masonry walls with open top course.

1. Where the masonry wall has an open top course, a sill plate at least as wide as the

Foundation wall shall be fastened to the Foundation.

2. Where anchor bolts are used on masonry walls with an open top course, the

minimum width of an individual piece making up the sill plate shall be at least 5.5

inches.

Note: A sill plate can be made of multiple pieces to achieve the full width.

(2) FLOOR TRUSSES. Metal plate connected wood floor trusses shall be designed in

accordance with the Design Specifications for Metal Plate Connected Parallel Chord Wood

Trusses and the National Design Specification for Wood Construction. Truss members shall

not be cut, bored, or notched.

(3) GIRDERS AND BEAMS.

(a) Girders and beams shall be selected from Table 321.22-A1 or Table 321.22-A2 or

shall be designed through structural analysis.

(b) Wood girders and beams shall be fitted at the post or column. Adjoining ends shall be

fastened to each other to transfer horizontal loads across the joint. Beams shall also be

fastened to the posts with framing anchors, angle clips, or equivalent.

supported by ledgers or blocks fastened to the sides of the girders; or they may be

supported by Approved metal hangers into which the ends of the beams shall be fitted.

(d) Lateral restraint for all wood beams shall be provided at all columns using a saddle or

other Approved connection where the beam meets one of the following conditions:

1. The beam is not restrained at both ends.

2. The beam is more than 11.25 inches deep using actual measurement.

Note: A saddle supports the beam on the bottom and allows for the throughconnection of fasteners into the side of the beam.

(4) BEARING AND END CONFIGURATION.

(a) Sawn lumber.

1. `Joists.' Wood joists made of sawn lumber shall meet the following bearing

requirements:

a. Wood joists supported on wood or metal shall have a bearing surface of at least

1½-inches measured from the end of the joist.

b. Wood joists supported on masonry or concrete shall have a bearing surface of

at least 3 inches measured from the end of the joist.

c. The tail end of a floor joist may not extend past the edge of a beam by more

than the depth of the floor joist.

d. Wood floor joists with ends that intersect over a beam shall have the ends

overlap at least 3 inches and be securely fastened together with at least two 12d

common nails or the ends shall be butt-jointed or face-jointed and fastened with

ties, straps, plates, or solid blocking.

2. `Beams and girders.' Beams and girders made of sawn lumber shall have a bearing

surface on their supports of at least 3 inches parallel to the beam or girder and be at

least as wide as the beam or girder.

(b) Engineered wood products. Bearing surface for engineered wood products shall be in

accordance with the manufacturer's instructions provided those instructions were

developed through structural analysis or product testing and are applicable to the

configuration.

(5) NOTCHING AND BORING. Notching and boring of beams or girders is prohibited unless

determined through structural analysis.

(a) Notching of floor joists.

1. Notches located in the top or bottom of floor joists shall not have a depth

exceeding 1 /6 the depth of the joist, shall not have a length exceeding 1/3 the joist

depth nor be located in the middle 1/3 of the span of the joist.

2. Where floor joists are notched on the ends, the notch shall not exceed ¼ the depth

of the joist. Notches over supports may extend the full bearing width of the support.

(b) Boring of floor joists.

1. `General.' A hole may not be bored in a floor joist within 2 inches of a notch or

another hole. In no case shall the distance between adjacent holes be less than the

diameter of the larger hole.

2. `Holes near the edge.' Holes bored in the top or bottom 2 inches of a joist shall

follow the limitations for notching under par. (a).

3. `Other holes.' Holes bored in floor joists that are not within 2 inches of the top or

bottom of the joist shall have their diameter limited to 1/3 the depth of the joist.

done in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions provided those instructions were

developed through structural analysis or product testing.

(6) OVERHANG OF FLOORS.

(a) General. Except as provided in pars. (b) and (c), a floor joist overhang shall be

cantilevered beyond the outer edge of the supporting wall below it by no more than the

actual depth of the joist or shall be designed through structural analysis in accordance

with SPS 321.02 (3).

(b) Joist overhangs parallel to the main floor framing system. Joist overhangs that are

extensions of, and parallel to, the main floor framing system may extend beyond the

depth of the joist without structural analysis provided they meet all of the following

conditions:

1. The overhang is cantilevered no more than 2 feet beyond the outer edge of the

supporting wall below it.

a. The overhang supports a uniform load limited to the weight of the bearing wall

and the tributary roof area above it.

b. The tributary length of the roof area, excluding the eave overhang, is no more

than 2 feet greater than the actual length of the joist directly below.

c. The eave overhang is no more than 2 feet.

Note: The tributary length is usually half the span of the joist or rafter.

3. The joist overhang does not support any concentrated loads. For the purposes of this

subsection, a framed opening in the wall with a rough opening of 4 feet or less shall be

considered uniform loading.

a. The cantilevered joist is doubled at the supporting wall.

b. The doubled joist length extends inward beyond the inner edge of the

supporting wall by the same distance as the cantilever.

c. The added joist member is secured to the main joist as stated in the nailing

schedule in Ch. SPS 325 Appendix A, under the heading for “floor framing, builtup girder and beams, top loaded".

that are perpendicular to the main floor framing system, or lookout joists, may extend

beyond the depth of the joist without structural analysis provided they meet all of the

following conditions:

1. The joist overhang is cantilevered no more than 2 feet beyond the outer edge of the

supporting wall below it.

a. A double floor joist is used to support the lookout joist.

b. The double floor joist is located a distance of at least 2 times the cantilever

length inward from the outer edge of the supporting wall below.

c. The lookout joists are fastened to the double joist with metal hangers.

3. The joist overhang supports no more than either a non-bearing wall or a wall that

supports only a roof which spans no more than the floor overhang cantilever length

plus the eave overhang.

(d) All overhangs longer than the depth of the supporting joist that do not meet all of the

conditions under par. (b) or (c) shall be designed through structural analysis.

(7) FLOOR OPENINGS. Trimmers and headers shall be

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