Comprehensive Program Plan for Fiscal Year 1999

SUMMARY: The Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention is

publishing its Final Program Plan for fiscal year (FY) 1999.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Eileen M. Garry, Director, Information

Dissemination Unit, at 202-307-5911. [This is not a toll-free number.]

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Office of Juvenile Justice and

Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) is a component of the Office of Justice

Programs in the U.S. Department of Justice. Pursuant to the provisions

of Section 204(b)(5)(A) of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency

Prevention Act of 1974, as amended, 42 U.S.C. 5601 et seq. (JJDP Act),

the Administrator of OJJDP published for public comment a Proposed

Comprehensive Plan describing the program activities that OJJDP

proposed to carry out during Fiscal Year (FY) 1999. The Proposed

Comprehensive Plan included activities authorized in Parts C and D of

Title II of the JJDP Act, codified at 42 U.S.C. 5651-5665a, 5667,

5667a. The public was invited to comment on the Proposed Plan by March

18, 1999. The Administrator analyzed the public comments received, and

the comments and OJJDP's responses are provided below. The

Administrator took these comments into consideration in developing this

Final Comprehensive Plan describing the particular program activities

that OJJDP intends to fund during FY 1999, using in whole or in part

funds appropriated under Parts C and D of Title II of the JJDP Act.

Notice of the official solicitation of grant or cooperative

agreement applications for competitive programs to be funded under the

Final Comprehensive Plan will be published at a later date in the

Federal Register. No proposals, concept papers, or other forms of

application should be submitted at this time.

Overview

After a steady climb in the rates of juvenile violent crime

arrests, resulting in an increase of 60 percent between 1988 and 1994,

the Nation experienced a substantial, 23 percent decline in the 3 years

between 1994 and 1997. More notable were the trends in the juvenile

arrest rate for murder, which, after doubling between 1987 and 1993,

dropped by more than 40 percent between 1993 and 1997. In addition, in

the discussion of trends, it is important to note that in any given

year less than \1/2\ of 1 percent of this country's juveniles ages 10

to 17 are arrested for violent crime. Even though rates have been

dropping, however, they are still more than 20 percent higher than the

average rate of the years between 1980 and 1988.

The serious concerns engendered by the increase in violent juvenile

crime in the 1980's led many States to enact legislation to address the

changing nature of juvenile delinquency and to use a more

accountability-based approach in dealing with serious violent juvenile

offenders. At the same time, a national dialog began over how best to

reform the juvenile justice system to make it more effective in

preventing and intervening with juvenile delinquency and victimization

and in protecting the public. In order to see this become a reality,

the positive achievements of recent years should lead not to

complacency, but to a renewed commitment to continue to pursue the

research-based, comprehensive approach to problems of delinquency,

violence, and victimization that OJJDP inaugurated with the publication

in December 1993 of its Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent,

and Chronic Juvenile Offenders.

It is encouraging that in recent years communities have begun to

take on this work and make the commitment needed to make a

comprehensive strategy a reality. More and more communities are coming

to the understanding that a long-term, consistent commitment will be

required to reduce juvenile delinquency, violence, and victimization

and to ensure public safety.

This Final Comprehensive Plan describes OJJDP's plans for funding

activities authorized under Part C (National Programs) and Part D

(Gang-Free Schools and Communities; Community-Based Gang Intervention)

of Title II of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (JJDP)

Act. The activities authorized under Parts C and D make up part of

OJJDP's overall responsibilities under the JJDP Act. These

responsibilities are outlined briefly below.

In 1974, the JJDP Act established OJJDP as the Federal agency

responsible for providing national leadership, coordination, and

resources to develop and implement effective methods to prevent and

reduce juvenile delinquency and improve the quality of juvenile justice

in the United States. OJJDP administers State Formula Grants under Part

B of Title II, State Challenge Grants under Part E of Title II, and

Community Prevention Grants under Title V of the JJDP Act to assist

States and territories to fund a range of delinquency prevention,

control, and juvenile justice system improvement activities. OJJDP

provides support activities for these and other programs under

statutory set-asides that are used to provide related research,

evaluation, statistics, demonstration, and training and technical

assistance services. OJJDP also funds Special Emphasis programs

authorized under Part C; school and community-based gang prevention,

intervention, and suppression programs under Part D; and mentoring

programs under Part G of Title II of the JJDP Act; funds numerous

research, evaluation, statistics, demonstration, training and technical

assistance, and information dissemination activities through its

National Institute for Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention;

administers the Drug Prevention Program, the Underage Drinking Program,

the Safe Schools Initiative, a Native American discretionary grants

program, the Safe Start: Children Exposed to Violence Initiative, and

the Juvenile Accountability Incentive Block Grants program. OJJDP also

coordinates Federal activities related to juvenile justice and

delinquency prevention.

OJJDP serves as the staff agency for the Coordinating Council on

Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, coordinates the

Concentration of Federal Efforts Program, and administers both the

Title IV Missing and Exploited Children's Program and programs under

the Victims of Child Abuse Act of 1990, as amended, 42 U.S.C. 13001 et

seq.

OJJDP focuses its assistance on the development and implementation

of programs with the greatest potential for reducing juvenile

delinquency and improving the juvenile justice system by establishing

partnerships with State and local governments, American Indian and

Alaska Native jurisdictions, and public and private agencies and

organizations. OJJDP performs its role of national leadership in

juvenile justice and delinquency prevention through a cycle of

activities. These include

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collecting data and statistics to determine the extent and nature of

issues affecting juveniles; funding research that can lead to

demonstrations funded by discretionary grants; evaluating demonstration

projects; sharing lessons learned from the field with practitioners

through a range of information dissemination vehicles; providing seed

money to States through formula and block grants to implement projects

or reform efforts; and providing training and technical assistance to

assist States and local governments to implement programs effectively

and to maintain the integrity of model programs as they are being

replicated.

It is important to note that OJJDP emphasizes coordination with

other Office of Justice Program (OJP) components and other Federal

agencies whenever possible to concentrate Federal resources to achieve

maximum results from its programs and initiatives. This coordination,

which is evidenced in many of the program descriptions that follow,

includes joint funding, interagency agreements, and partnerships to

develop, implement, and evaluate projects. More important, it is

critical that the reader become familiar with the program activities of

the other OJP Bureaus and Offices as reflected in the Office of Justice

Programs Fiscal Year 1999 Program Plan. The work undertaken in OJP in

many instances cuts across components and areas of practice; therefore,

the work undertaken by OJJDP should be viewed as part of a larger OJP

composite.

Considering all the factors discussed above, OJJDP has prepared

this Final Comprehensive Plan for FY 1999 for activities authorized

under Part C (National Programs) and Part D (Gang-Free Schools and

Communities; Community-Based Gang Intervention) of Title II of the JJDP

Act, as described in the following pages.

Fiscal Year 1999 Program Planning Activities

The OJJDP program planning process for FY 1999 was coordinated with

the Assistant Attorney General, Office of Justice Programs (OJP), and

all OJP components. The program planning process involved the following

steps:

Internal review of existing programs by OJJDP staff.

Internal review of proposed programs by OJP bureaus and

Department of Justice components.

Review of information and data from OJJDP grantees and

contractors.

Review of information contained in State comprehensive

plans.

Review of comments from youth service providers, juvenile

justice practitioners, and researchers who provided input in proposed

new program areas.

Consideration of suggestions made by juvenile justice

policymakers concerning State and local needs.

Consideration of all comments received during the period

of public comment on the Proposed Comprehensive Plan.

Discretionary Program Activities

Discretionary Grant Continuation Policy

OJJDP has listed on the following pages continuation projects

currently funded in whole or in part with Part C and Part D funds and

eligible for continuation funding in FY 1999, either within an existing

project period or through an extension for an additional project

period. A grantee's eligibility for continued funding for an additional

budget period within an existing project period depends on the

grantee's compliance with funding eligibility requirements and

achievement of the prior year's objectives. The amount of award is

based on prior projections, demonstrated need, and fund availability.

The only projects described in this Final Program Plan are those

that will receive Part C or Part D FY 1999 continuation funding under

project period or discretionary continuation assistance awards and new

programs that OJJDP intends to fund in FY 1999. Readers should note

that they will not find descriptions of other OJJDP programs, including

mentoring programs under Part G of Title II of the JJDP Act, the Drug

Prevention Program, the Underage Drinking Program, the Safe Schools

Initiative, the Native American discretionary grants program, the Safe

Start: Children Exposed to Violence Initiative, and the Juvenile

Accountability Incentive Block Grants program. When appropriate,

separate solicitations are issued for applications for funding for

programs that are not authorized under Parts C and D.

Consideration for continuation funding for an additional project

period for previously funded discretionary grant programs was based

upon several factors, including the following:

The extent to which the project responds to the applicable

requirements of the JJDP Act.

Responsiveness to OJJDP and Department of Justice FY 1999

program priorities.

Compliance with performance requirements of prior grant

years.

Compliance with fiscal and regulatory requirements.

Compliance with any special conditions of the award.

Availability of funds (based on appropriations and program

priority determinations).

In accordance with section 262 (d)(1)(B) of the JJDP Act, as

amended, 42 U.S.C. 5665a, the competitive process for the award of Part

C funds is not required if the Administrator makes a written

determination waiving the competitive process:

1. With respect to programs to be carried out in areas in which the

President declares under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and

Emergency Assistance Act codified at 42 U.S.C. 5121 et seq. that a

major disaster or emergency exists, or

2. With respect to a particular program described in Part C that is

uniquely qualified.

Program Goals

The three goals listed below constitute the major elements of a

sound policy that ensures public safety and security while establishing

effective juvenile justice and delinquency prevention programs.

Underlying each of the goals is the overarching premise that their

achievement is vital to protecting the long-term safety of the public

from juvenile delinquency and violence.

Delinquency Prevention and Early Intervention. OJJDP

promotes delinquency prevention and early intervention efforts that

reduce the flow of juvenile offenders into the juvenile justice system,

the numbers of serious and violent offenders, and the development of

chronic delinquent careers. While removing serious and violent juvenile

offenders from the street serves to protect the public, long-term

solutions lie primarily in taking aggressive steps to stop delinquency

before it starts or becomes a pattern of behavior.

Improvement of the Juvenile Justice System. OJJDP seeks to

improve the juvenile justice system and the response of the system to

juvenile delinquents, status offenders, and dependent, neglected, and

abused children.

Corrections, Detention, and Community-Based Alternatives.

OJJDP supports efforts to preserve the public safety through the

appropriate development and best use of secure detention and

corrections options, while at the same time fostering the use of

community-based programs for juvenile offenders.

In pursuing these broad goals, OJJDP divides its programs into four

categories: public safety and law enforcement; strengthening the

juvenile

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justice system; delinquency prevention and intervention; and child

abuse and neglect and dependency courts. A fifth category, overarching

programs, contains programs that have significant elements common to

more than one of the other four categories. Following the summary of

public comments and the introductory section below, the continuation

programs that OJJDP will fund in FY 1999 are listed and summarized

within these five categories. New programs are described in the

introductory section.

Summary of Public Comments on the Proposed Comprehensive Plan for

Fiscal Year 1999

OJJDP published its Proposed Comprehensive Plan for FY 1999 in the

Federal Register (Vol. 64, No. 20) on February 1, 1999, for a 45-day

public comment period. OJJDP received 17 letters commenting on the

Proposed Plan. (Each letter had one signature.) All comments have been

considered in the development of OJJDP's Final Comprehensive Plan for

Fiscal Year 1999.

Comment: Eight letters suggested that OJJDP should include career

academies in its program plan. Originally established in inner-city

Philadelphia in the late 1960's, high school career academies are

designed to restructure high schools to support students academically

while providing them with marketable skills, work-based learning

experiences, and clearer pathways to postsecondary education and

productive employment. Support for including career academies in the

program plan came from the president of the National Career Academy

Coalition, two high school principals, the executive director of the

American Society for Public Administration (ASPA) and a person

associated with the ASPA Philadelphia Regional Chapter, two career

academy coordinators, and the professional standards officer for the

Law Enforcement Training Board of the Indiana Law Enforcement Academy.

Response: OJJDP is a strong supporter of the career academy concept

and is working with LAWNET, the National Career Academy Coalition's

collaborative initiative to link law-related career academies with

police departments and communities across the country. The U.S.

Department of the Treasury and the U.S. Department of Justice have

provided funding and personnel support to two academies (Academy for

Law, Justice, and Security and the Public Service Academy) in Anacostia

Senior High School in Washington, D.C. OJJDP has also long supported

the Communities in Schools program, which has facilitated a number of

career academies. [Note: At the time this response was sent to the

commenters, OJJDP was considering working with LAWNET; however, this

effort was not chosen to be part of the final program plan.]

Comment: One writer, a State juvenile justice specialist, made four

comments and one request. The comments concerned: (1) Mental health

issues and education for system professionals in recognizing signs of

mental illness, (2) technical assistance to Title V and the need to

increase the capacity of States to conduct the training without

entailing a high cost for training materials, (3) the need for an

annual report of products developed by the various projects, and (4)

the survey of juvenile probation and inclusion of social service and

community placements. The fifth item was a request for additional

information about funds earmarked for the National Association of State

Fire Marshals.

Response: OJJDP's responses are presented in order below.

1. Concerning mental health issues, the joint funding efforts OJJDP

is engaged in with the Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS),

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMSHA),

encompasses work with the education system. The U.S. Department of

Education's Office of Special Education Programs (OSEP) is also a

partner in this effort. The program that CMHS funds is designed to

support the development of a system of care for children and youth

across the developmental spectrum. Forty-five sites are currently

funded to create this system of care. OJJDP's funds support training

and technical assistance to assist with the greater inclusion of the

juvenile justice system in the sites' efforts to develop a

comprehensive system of care, and the OSEP funds support the same for

the education system.

OJJDP funds that were transferred for the system of care on Native

American reservations under a program called Circles of Care are being

used to fund an additional site. These Native American recipients will

be planning for the development and implementation of a system of care

for youth on the reservation, including the school system.

OJJDP has also transferred funds to the National Institute of

Mental Health to support studies of attention deficit hyperactivity

disorder and a study of mental health issues among a school population.

Both of these studies will be of assistance to schools and communities

in future efforts to address the mental health needs of children and

youth.

2. The answer to the comment about the technical assistance to

Title V is that the contractor will work with OJJDP's Formula Grants

Program technical assistance contractor to develop a community planning

curriculum for delinquency prevention planning and implementation

activities and use it to train groups of trainers in different States.

OJJDP intends to expand the pool of in-State trainers and to encourage

wide use of training materials, thereby making Title V training and

technical assistance accessible to a large number of communities.

3. The suggestion for a single annual report of the products

developed by the various projects certainly has some merit, but at this

time, OJJDP does not have any plans for such a publication. Although

OJJDP does not issue the type of report the writer described, the

Office does publish a wealth of information about the latest promising

and effective programs, an annual report that gives an overview of

OJJDP's major accomplishments, and various program-specific reports

such as the annual report to Congress on Title V and last year's report

to Congress on OJJDP's Juvenile Mentoring Program. The commenter is on

OJJDP's mailing list to receive all these publications.

4. In regard to the Survey of Juvenile Probation, the writer asked

if this effort to determine the number of juveniles under some form of

community supervision includes social service placements and community

placements of youth in the custody of the State correctional system.

The answer is yes. OJJDP will endeavor to enumerate those juveniles who

are under supervision as part of an official juvenile court sanction.

Therefore, all those not currently in a residential placement will be

enumerated. However, at this stage in the development of the project,

OJJDP reserves the right not to cover particular parts of the system

for practical or theoretical reasons. To make the survey consistent

across jurisdictions, if OJJDP chooses to exclude or include particular

populations in one jurisdiction, those populations will be excluded or

included in all jurisdictions.

5. In response to the request for more information about the

earmarked funds for the National Association of State Fire Marshals

(NASFM), the following information was provided. NASFM was awarded

$382,640 to implement the Juvenile Fire-Setter Intervention Project.

NASFM will develop a national juvenile fire-setting intervention

mobilization plan that will facilitate and promote the

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establishment of juvenile fire-setter intervention programs, based on

existing valid models at the State and local levels.

NASFM also plans to provide the first comprehensive study that will

look at the problem of juvenile fire-setting through an examination of

the best of what has been done to date and the best of what might be

done in the future. This study will serve as the basis of a strategic

plan to better coordinate existing public and private resources needed

to reduce the severity and incidence of fires started by children.

Through this study, NASFM plans to develop a consensus statement on the

nature, dynamics, and scope of children's involvement with fire;

present an analytical summary of public and private sector initiatives

addressing juvenile fire-setting; recommend how best to use existing

public and private resources to reduce the severity and incidence of

fires started by children; and establish a clearinghouse to create

linkages among fire services, educational, product safety, and child

welfare professionals addressing juvenile fire-setting issues.

Experts nationwide will analyze the issues and techniques that have

been key to effective intervention programs and recommend national

standardized approaches that have acceptance from both professional and

peer groups.

Comment: One writer, director of a university training resource

center, affirmed the ``importance of addressing the educational issues

related to youth in the juvenile justice system'' and indicated support

for the OJJDP proposal to ``establish with the Department of Education

a Center for Students with Learning Disabilities in the Juvenile

Justice System.''

Response: OJJDP appreciates the words of support for a cooperative

effort between OJJDP and the U.S. Department of Education to establish

a Center for Students with Learning Disabilities in the Juvenile

Justice System. The commenter was sent an information copy of the

announcement of a new U.S. Department of Education grant for

establishing this center. The application deadline was April 23, 1999.

OJJDP agrees that it is important to address educational issues

related to youth in the juvenile justice system. Most of OJJDP's

funding is not provided under Parts C and D but is distributed to the

States and territories through Formula Grants, Challenge, and Title V

(Community Prevention) programs and education-related concerns can be

addressed through these programs. Two of the Challenge Grant

activities, for example, refer to ``appropriate education services,

including special education, for youth in the juvenile justice system''

and comprehensive education services as part of aftercare programs.

Comment: A second writer, executive director of the National

Juvenile Detention Association, also applauded the proposed

collaboration with the Department of Education in developing the Center

for Students with Learning Disabilities in the Juvenile Justice System.

This commenter also expressed appreciation for OJJDP's ``continued

support in funding projects to improve systemic and programmatic issues

within the juvenile justice system and more specifically the juvenile

detention and corrections field.''

Response: OJJDP appreciates the words of approval for its funding

of projects to improve systemic and programmatic juvenile justice

issues, specifically in the field of detention and corrections. In

response to the comments in support of the Center for Students with

Learning Disabilities in the Juvenile Justice System, OJJDP sent the

writer an information copy of the announcement of a new U.S. Department

of Education grant for establishing this center. The application

deadline was April 23, 1999.

Comment: One commenter, the associate legislative director of the

National Association of Counties, expressed concern that the plan

``fails to address the county role in the partnership'' between State

legislators and State and local leaders. The writer offered to work

with OJJDP in building a county policymaker component in the plan.

Response: OJJDP recognizes the important role counties play in the

overall effort to effectively deal with juvenile justice issues. During

the past year, OJJDP officials have met with the writer and other

representatives of the National Association of Counties and the

National Organization of Black County Officials to discuss development

of a long-term approach to improving the juvenile justice system at all

levels'national, State, county, and community. OJJDP plans to continue

to work with and encourage representatives of the various levels of

government to identify and agree on ways to collaborate to prevent and

reduce juvenile crime and victimization throughout the country.

Comment: Another writer, president of a State council on crime and

delinquency, also suggested that the program of Technical Assistance

for State Legislatures should be more focused on county officials. The

writer also commented on two other areas: field-initiated research and

the Balanced and Restorative Justice (BARJ) Project. The response

concerning the need for more focus on counties was essentially the same

as the response provided to the preceding comment. The other two

comments are noted and addressed below.

1. Field-Initiated Research. The writer asked that funding for

field-initiated research be included in the Final Program Plan. OJJDP

has added a field-initiated program of general research to the plan.

2. BARJ. The writer praised this project and recommended increased

funding to expand its training and technical component to jurisdictions

throughout the United States. Although OJJDP's grant support for the

Project is modest, the Office shares the commenter's enthusiasm for the

BARJ Project. OJJDP views the BARJ Project as an evolving, not a

static, venture to improve juvenile justice systems and expects to see

further growth and development of the BARJ Project and further positive

outcomes for juvenile justice from it.

Comment: One writer, a juvenile prosecutor in a county attorney's

office, objected to money or attention going to anything titled

``balanced and restorative justice,'' which he referred to as an

oxymoron. He wrote that a balanced approach is ``balanced between

fixing the kid, protecting the community, and restoring the victim''

and that restorative justice ``focuses primarily on restoring the

victim.'' The writer praised OJJDP's December 1998 teleconference on

Juveniles and the Criminal Justice System.

Response: OJJDP grant support for the BARJ Project is quite modest.

The BARJ Project was deliberately organized to merge the concepts and

practices of the ``balanced approach'' and ``restorative justice.''

OJJDP determined that the goals of community safety, victim reparation,

and offender rehabilitation are best achieved if the offender is

directed to engage in restorative activities. These activities are

structured to foster the offender's sense of accountability and hands-

on competency to pursue constructive rather than destructive life

styles. One of the main authors of the balanced approach concept

(Dennis Maloney) is a senior associate of the BARJ Project and assists

the Project in joining not only the theoretical and programmatic

elements of the balanced approach and restorative justice, but of

``community justice'' as well. OJJDP views the BARJ Project as an

evolving, not a static, venture to improve juvenile justice systems.

Its roots are in effective juvenile restitution

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programs, which by definition are ``restorative.'' Besides evidence

from other sources, the effectiveness of these programs was determined

by a study in the writer's own State of Utah (please see OJJDP Update

on Research: Restitution and Juvenile Recidivism by Jeffrey A. Butts

and Howard N. Snyder, September 1992). OJJDP incorporated lessons

learned from the best restitution programs into the BARJ Project and

expects to see further growth and development of the BARJ Project and

further positive outcomes for juvenile justice from it.

Comment: The director-designate of a State department of juvenile

justice wrote to support OJJDP's Comprehensive Strategy for Serious,

Violent, and Chronic Juvenile Offenders and the plan's emphasis on

delinquency prevention. Of the areas that OJJDP is considering for new

programs, the writer specifically expressed support for five: community

justice and balanced and restorative justice, risk and needs assessment

instruments, education programs for students in the juvenile justice

system, and programs for abused and neglected children within the

juvenile justice system.

Response: OJJDP appreciates the writer's support for the

Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile

Offenders and for the emphasis on delinquency prevention. It is also

helpful to know which of the proposed broad priority areas the writer

believes should be given major consideration.

Comment: The president of a private program to combat juvenile

delinquency commended the programs OJJDP proposed to fund this fiscal

year. In addition, the writer stated that there is need for reform in

how adults view and deal with young people.

Response: OJJDP appreciates the writer's support for the Proposed

Program Plan. In regard to the issue of ``how adults view and deal with

young people,'' OJJDP notes that the programs it supports all involve

an element of respect for the young people they serve. As the Proposed

Comprehensive Plan points out, the foundation of OJJDP's work is its

Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile

Offenders. The Comprehensive Strategy provides a strategic planning

framework for States and communities to increase their ability to

effectively combat juvenile delinquency and victimization and provide

for public safety. Based on three decades of research on what causes

juvenile delinquency and what works to address it, the Comprehensive

Strategy emphasizes six key principles. The first two principles touch

on the writer's concern about respect for youth:

1. Strengthening families as their children's first and primary

teachers and role models.

2. Supporting core social institutions such as schools, religious

institutions, and community organizations in their efforts to develop

youth who will lead productive and law-abiding lives.

An example of a specific OJJDP program that helps to build mutual

respect between youth and adults is the Juvenile Mentoring Program

(JUMP), which provides one-on-one mentoring for youth at-risk of

delinquency, gang involvement, educational failure, or dropping out of

school. The adults who volunteer as mentors give their time and talents

to try to make a difference in the lives of these young people. Initial

evaluation findings from 93 JUMP sites across the county show that

youth in the program reported that mentoring helped them stay away from

alcohol and drugs, keep away from gangs, and avoid using guns and

knives.

Comment: A writer with a background in paralegal and security work

stressed the importance of early prevention, parent involvement,

mentoring, and other programs that reduce the risk of involvement in

delinquency and described positive results that her community has

achieved through collaboration among business, schools, mentoring

groups, and government.

Response: OJJDP's proposals for FY 1999 reflect a similar

commitment to prevention activities.

Introduction to Fiscal Year 1999 Program Plan

Since 1993, when it published the Comprehensive Strategy for

Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile Offenders, OJJDP has been

advocating that States, local governments, and communities adopt this

research-based comprehensive strategy approach to address the problems

of juvenile crime and victimization. OJJDP has synthesized decades of

research and practice from practitioners and established a framework

for implementing an effective juvenile justice system. Through support

of research, demonstration programs, and training and technical

assistance, OJJDP encourages States, local governments, and communities

to use the Comprehensive Strategy to develop coordinated, communitywide

approaches to preventing and intervening with juvenile delinquency and

victimization. OJJDP focuses its support on programs and initiatives

that further one or more of the basic principles of the Comprehensive

Strategy:

Strengthen families in their role of guiding,

disciplining, and instilling sound values in their children.

Support core social institutions and their role in

supporting families and helping children develop to their maximum

potential.

Promote prevention strategies and activities that reduce

the impact of negative (risk) factors and enhance the influence of

positive (protective) factors in the lives of youth at greatest risk of

delinquency.

Intervene immediately and appropriately at the first signs

of trouble in a child's life and establish a system of graduated

sanctions and a continuum of services to respond appropriately to the

needs of each juvenile offender.

Protect the public from the most serious, violent, and

chronic juvenile offenders by providing for their incapacitation while

at the same time addressing their treatment needs.

For the fourth consecutive year, OJJDP has developed a Program Plan

rooted in its Comprehensive Strategy. The Plan also supports the

Coordinating Council's National Juvenile Justice Action Plan released

in 1996. This Action Plan, which grew out of the Comprehensive

Strategy, provides eight objectives to reduce juvenile violence and

describes ways to meet these objectives. OJJDP will continue to support

development and refinement of the Comprehensive Strategy and training

and technical assistance to help jurisdictions begin to implement it by

developing a continuum of care to deal with both juvenile offenders and

juveniles at risk of becoming offenders. Development, dissemination,

and support of the Comprehensive Strategy and the Action Plan are prime

examples of how OJJDP's national leadership is instrumental in moving

the field from innovation to infrastructure.

OJJDP-funded programs that emphasize early prevention and family

involve a variety of approaches, including strengthening the dependency

court, parent training, nurse-based home visitation for at-risk first-

time mothers, problem solving, parent support groups led by parents

themselves, multisystemic therapy, and training and technical

assistance for replicating exemplary programs. Other prevention

programs reach out to youth in the schools and the community. They

include youth development, conflict resolution, mentoring, career

preparation, truancy reduction, drug prevention, violence prevention,

and antigang outreach programs.

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Efforts involving intervention, accountability, and sanctions

include dissemination of the principles of balanced and restorative

justice, emphasis on reducing overcrowding and disproportionate

minority confinement in secure facilities, gender-specific services

targeted to female juvenile offenders, intensive aftercare services,

services for chemically involved young people, and a communitywide

approach to preventing and suppressing gangs. Funds are also provided

for collaborations between police and health services agencies and for

appropriate training for legislators, prosecutors, and line staff in

secure facilities.

Research and evaluation can assure policymakers, practitioners, and

the public that juvenile justice is moving in the right direction and

that programs being supported do indeed work. OJJDP will continue

supporting a range of research studies, including its landmark study of

the causes and correlates of delinquency; studies of very young

offenders and of the origins of and pathways to youth violence; a cost-

benefit analysis of juvenile justice programs; analyses of a range of

juvenile justice data; development of a juvenile sex offender typology;

studies of risk reduction for delinquency, substance abuse, and school

failure in school children and of delinquency and attention deficit/

hyperactivity disorder; and censuses and surveys related to confinement

and probation. Continued support will be provided for evaluations of

the SafeFutures initiative, Safe Kids/Safe Streets, Partnerships To

Reduce Juvenile Gun Violence, Intensive Community-Based Aftercare, teen

court training and technical assistance, and several gang-related

programs.

New Programs

OJJDP will also support new programs in several areas related to

emerging issues facing the juvenile justice system. These programs are

described below. The availability of funding for new competitive

programs will be announced in the next few months in the Federal

Register and posted on OJJDP's Web site at www.ojjdp.ncjrs.org under

Grants and Funding.

Three new programs fall in the area of information dissemination.

The first, the Children's Court Communications Project, will help to

publicize the centennial of the juvenile court. Jointly designed by the

Justice Policy Institute, a project of the Center on Juvenile and

Criminal Justice, and the Children and Family Justice Center at

Northwestern University School of Law, this project is designed to

humanize juvenile court ``graduates,'' highlight their successes, and

publicize lessons learned and best practices of the juvenile justice

system. OJJDP funds will enable the project to disseminate stories

about successful former juvenile court clients through a combined

effort involving television, radio, and print public service

announcements; a summary publication; and electronic and print media

interviews, stories, and talk shows. In funding this effort, OJJDP is

engaging in a public-private partnership with the MacArthur Foundation

and the Annie E. Casey Foundation. The project will expand public

knowledge and dialog about the juvenile court during its centennial and

open the door for professionals, advocates, and community-based

entities to learn about best practices and successes in the system.

Education on Gun Violence and Safety is the second new program

focusing on disseminating information and educating the public. OJJDP

will partner with the Bureau of Justice Assistance to support Education

on Gun Violence and Safety. This project seeks to educate gunowners and

parents about how to safely use and store guns and how to protect

children from gun violence. Through a coordinated communications,

education, grassroots, and media campaign, the project will reach

gunowners and other caring adults with important information on

preventing youth's illegal access to and unlawful use of guns. In FY

1999, critical communications research with gunowners will determine

their perceptions, attitudes, habits, and inclinations and thereby

inform the communications strategy.

OJJDP will participate in a joint Department of Justice/Federal

Trade Commission Study of the Marketing of Media Violence, which will

examine whether the motion picture, television, music, and video game

industries market adult-rated material to young people. This study will

analyze the degree to which violent entertainment is targeted at the

very people who should not be exposed to it. The year-long study will

also examine whether entertainment industries require, monitor, or

encourage enforcement of the rating systems in stores and movie

theaters.

As described in the Proposed Program Plan, OJJDP is planning a

joint initiative with the Office of Special Education and

Rehabilitative Services, U.S. Department of Education, to establish a

Center for Students With Disabilities in the Juvenile Justice System.

The Secretary of Education and the Attorney General expect this project

to have a significant impact on services for students with disabilities

in the juvenile justice system. Improvements in these services will be

based on a combination of research, training, and technical assistance.

To meet the challenges of serving this population of students, positive

changes must occur in the following areas: prevention, educational

programming, and reintegration/transition. The Center for Students With

Disabilities in the Juvenile Justice System will provide guidance and

assistance to States, schools, justice programs, families, and

communities to design, implement, and evaluate comprehensive

educational programs based on research-validated practices for students

with disabilities within the juvenile justice system.

A new school-related prevention program is the School and Classroom

Management Demonstration Project. OJJDP will support this North

Carolina pilot initiative designed to improve classroom management and

to assist in the creation of safe learning environments. Funds will be

awarded to the Center for the Study of School Violence to manage the

initial pilot in partnership with the University of North Carolina and

the North Carolina State Board of Education. The State of North

Carolina has made a commitment to support full implementation of the

program. The purpose of the pilot program is to increase the ability of

teachers and administrators to model and use sound conflict resolution

practices by integrating skills training into preservice curriculums at

North Carolina schools of education and by working with the North

Carolina State Board of Education to change curriculum requirements to

include conflict resolution skills training in the context of effective

classroom management.

OJJDP plans to partner with the U.S. Department of Education's Safe

and Drug-Free Schools Program to fund Training and Technical Assistance

for Sharing Information, a program on information sharing across

disciplines. Protecting children, preventing delinquency, maintaining

safe schools and communities, and ensuring accountability for juvenile

offenders all require effective information sharing across the agencies

responsible for these outcomes. Educators who see warning signs of

delinquency can, by sharing information with justice and other youth-

serving agencies, develop effective intervention strategies. At the

other end of the spectrum, when the juvenile justice system is about to

send an adjudicated offender back into the regular school system,

justice officials

[[Page 37280]]

need to notify the school so it can provide needed support services to

help the student succeed. These are just two examples of circumstances

in which it is both appropriate and necessary to share information to

ensure public safety.

This new training and technical assistance program would provide

guidance to school, court, police, probation and parole, child

protective services, and health and social service agencies on

opportunities, barriers, and legislation regarding sharing information

on juveniles. The training would expand on guidance provided in Sharing

Information: A Guide to the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act

and Participation in Juvenile Justice Programs (OJJDP Program Report,

1997) to assist professionals interested in developing a range of

interagency information sharing agreements. Training sessions would

provide instruction on the legal, ethical, and institutional barriers

to information sharing between/among parties with ``legitimate

interests.'' Technical assistance would facilitate planning and

implementing a practical system of information exchange that meets

legal, ethical, and institutional requirements locally through

collaborative decisionmaking and negotiation among agencies. The

program would also support the development of interagency agreements

and protocols for sharing information and data that reflect mutually

agreeable policies and procedures.

Two programs, in addition to the Circles of Care Program described

in the Proposed Program Plan, address mental health issues as they

relate to juvenile justice. These programs will further the overall

goal of OJJDP's mental health strategy: to increase understanding of

the mental health needs of at-risk youth and juvenile offenders,

improve the quality of services and treatment they receive, and prevent

their future involvement in the juvenile justice system. (Readers

should note that, besides the programs funded under Parts C and D of

Title II of the JJDP Act, funding for mental health programs related to

juvenile justice is also available under the Juvenile Accountability

Incentive Block Grants (JAIBG) Program administered by OJJDP.

Information about JAIBG funding opportunities is available from the

Juvenile Justice Clearinghouse at 800-638-8736 and from OJJDP's Web

site at www.ojjdp.ncjrs.org.)

In FY 1999, support for an update of the 1992 report Responding to

the Mental Health Needs of Youth in the Juvenile Justice System will

provide important information as to current trends and prevalence of

mental health disorders and approaches and programs for dealing with

this population. Systems interactions and legal issues affecting

mentally disordered youth in the juvenile justice system are likely to

be other topics covered by Responding to the Mental Health Needs of

Youth in the Juvenile Justice System--Part II. Of particular importance

is the need to address the issue of youth of color and their under

representation in services. The GAINS Center on Co-occurring Disorders

will provide oversight and technical review of individual chapters by

knowledgeable researchers and practitioners.

Another mental health project is Technical Assistance Support for

the Comprehensive Children and Families Mental Health Projects. For the

past several years, OJJDP has been participating in the Federal

Partnership for Children's Mental Health, which was organized by the

Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) of the Substance Abuse and

Mental Health Services Administration. In addition to OJJDP, this task

group includes agencies within the U.S. Departments of Education and

Health and Human Services. An outgrowth of this task group has been the

development of interagency agreements between OJJDP and CMHS for OJJDP

to support training and technical assistance for the 45 Comprehensive

Children and Families Mental Health sites. The funds transferred to

CMHS have supported training and technical assistance for the past 2

years to the sites on strategies for greater inclusion of juvenile-

justice-involved youth in the continuum of care being developed under

these grants. OJJDP will continue this support in FY 1999 as CMHS

rebids its training and technical assistance contract. CMHS's 45 sites,

with their developing comprehensive mental health services for children

and families, present an excellent opportunity to improve mental health

services for all children, including juvenile offenders.

In a project called Helping Communities To Promote Youth

Development, OJJDP will provide support to the Institute of Medicine/

National Research Council, National Academy of Sciences, to establish a

committee that will review and synthesize existing evidence regarding

the effectiveness of community-level interventions and service programs

designed to promote positive youth development. The committee will also

assess the strengths and limitations of measurement and methodologies

that have been used to evaluate these interventions and address the

policy and programmatic implications of this research. The committee

will be composed of an interdisciplinary group of individuals with

expertise in a range of fields (child and adolescent development,

sociology, psychology, statistics and evaluation, youth service, and

other relevant areas). The committee will meet periodically and will

convene two workshops and commission background papers to inform the

field. In addition to a final report that will synthesize the work of

the committee, brief summary fact sheets will be widely disseminated to

policymakers, local decisionmakers, program administrators, service

providers, researchers, community organizers, and other key

stakeholders.

Three new efforts will be undertaken in the research area. The

first, Field-Initiated Program of General Research, is part of OJJDP's

larger Field-Initiated Research and Evaluation Program, which will

combine general research with three additional topical areas (at-risk

girls, Native Americans, and juvenile justice system interventions).

Although most of the research funded by OJJDP derives from

congressional mandates or addresses statutory priority areas that are

narrowly defined, many innovative and important research ideas

deserving support arise outside the Federal Government. The Field-

Initiated Program of General Research allows OJJDP to provide flexible

funding for creative and rigorous research that supports its mission.

The ideal field-initiated project not only will increase the knowledge

base regarding juvenile delinquency, but will have practical

implications for juvenile justice policies and practices. In past

years, OJJDP has supported field-initiated research on such topics as

gangs in correctional institutions, mental health issues in the

juvenile justice system, and juvenile sex offending. Investigators

applying for FY 1999 funding may wish to consider (but are not limited

to) projects in the following areas: serious and violent juvenile

offenders, risk versus protective factors for juvenile offending,

development of risk and needs assessment tools for courts and

correctional facilities, impact of juvenile transfers to adult court,

causes of early-onset offending, causes of desistance from offending,

characteristics and needs of very young offenders, and development of

innovative intervention programs for specific subgroups of juvenile

offenders.

In another research program, Pornography on the Internet, OJJDP

will provide funds to the National Academy of Sciences for a 2-year

study that will

[[Page 37281]]

address the capabilities of today's technologies for controlling

electronic transmission of pornographic images, identify what is needed

to develop more effective and practical control technology for such

material, analyze the inherent limitations of such technology, and

identify operational policies or management techniques needed to ensure

the effectiveness of technologies for controlling transmission of

pornographic images. The results of this study will be used in the

context of possible options for action by legislators, law enforcement,

regulators, industry groups, online service providers, educators, and

parents.

In collaboration with the National Institute of Justice's Crime

Mapping Research Center, OJJDP will support the research and

development of mapping software that will allow State and local

communities to use geographic data to facilitate and strengthen

planning and implementation of programmatic activities, assessment of

conditions and trends, and development of comprehensive plans. The

Crime and Data Mapping Project will create a software package that will

map geospatial data and be useful for immediate strategic planning

needs within a local community. It will also provide a geographic

information system (GIS) program platform for bringing together

multiple data elements and sources for more thorough strategic

planning. The software developed will provide not only the ability to

map GIS-coded data that includes crime data, but also a tool for

analyzing the multiple data variables. This funding will provide

initial support to a technologically appropriate organization for the

development of software.

With the endorsement of the Drug-Free Communities Advisory

Commission, OJJDP has decided to provide additional resources to

support the strengthening of the training and technical assistance

component of the Drug-Free Communities Support Program. This support

will directly supplement the Office of National Drug Control Policy's

training and technical assistance budget, which currently funds the

Centers for the Application of Prevention Technologies through an

interagency agreement with the Center for Substance Abuse Prevention.

This funding will provide additional support and customized assistance

to the Drug-Free Communities Support Program grantees.

Finally, in FY 1999, OJJDP is considering enhancing its assistance

to the field in the area of community-based gang intervention,

consistent with the OJJDP Comprehensive Gang Model, and in the area of

school-centered antigang efforts. Work currently being conducted under

OJJDP's Comprehensive Community-Wide Approach to Gang Prevention,

Intervention, and Suppression and OJJDP's Rural Gang Initiative has

resulted in lessons learned that will be helpful to various types of

jurisdictions around the country as they develop comprehensive gang

programs. No applications are currently being solicited. Separate

solicitations for these programs (both community-based gang

intervention and school-centered antigang efforts) may be issued at a

later date.

Together, the programs in this Comprehensive Plan constitute a

practical, multifaceted, and comprehensive approach to effectively

preventing juvenile delinquency and victimization.

Fiscal Year 1999 Programs

The following are brief summaries of each of the new and

continuation programs projected to receive Part C and Part D funding in

FY 1999. As indicated above, the program categories are public safety

and law enforcement; strengthening the juvenile justice system;

delinquency prevention and intervention; and child abuse and neglect

and dependency courts. However, because many programs have significant

elements of more than one of these program categories or generally

support all of OJJDP's programs, they are listed in an initial program

category, called overarching programs. With regard to implementation

sites and other descriptive data and information, program priorities

within each category will be determined based on grantee performance,

application quality, fund availability, and other factors. Programs are

listed alphabetically within each category.

A number of OJJDP programs have been identified for funding

consideration by Congress with regard to the grantee(s), the amount of

funds, or both. These programs, which are listed below, are not

included in the program descriptions that follow.

National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges

Teens, Crime, and the Community

Parents Anonymous, Inc.

Juvenile Offender Transition Program

Suffolk University Center for Juvenile Justice

Center for Crimes and Violence Against Children

Metro Denver Gang Coalition

L.A. Best Youth

Intensive Services for Juveniles and Families

Delancy Street

Juvenile Justice Program in Alaska

National Association of State Fire Marshals

Syracuse-Onondaga County Drug and Alcohol Abuse Commission

Law-Related Education

Hamilton Fish National Institute on School and Community Violence

In addition, OJJDP has been directed to examine each of the

following, provide assistance if warranted, and report to the

Committees on Appropriations of both the House and the Senate on its

intention for each proposal:

Low Country Children's Center

Center for Prevention of Juvenile Crime and Delinquency at Prairie

View University

Project O.A.S.I.S.

Consortium on Children, Families, and Law

Women of Vision Program for Youthful Female Offenders

Violence Institute of New Jersey

L.A. Bridges Youth Programs

Compton Youth Intervention Center for AfterSchool Programs

Kids With a Promise Program

Operation Quality Time

Achievable Dream Program

Secure School Pilot Program

Youth Advocates Program

Camden Urban Science Enrichment Program

Juvenile Crime Reduction Strategies Pilot Program

School Security Technology Center

New Mexico Cooperative Service Extension 4-H Youth Development

Program

Adolescent Residential Treatment Program

Coalition for Drug-Free Lanai

Youth Courts in Alaska

Sioux Falls, South Dakota School District for Youth Programs

South Dakota Unified Judicial System

Nebraska Commission for Law Enforcement for Youth Programs

Chicago Public Schools Substance Abuse Program

Minnehaha, South Dakota, County Sheriff's Office for Youth Programs

Essex Teen Center and other Vermont Coalition for Teen Center's

Members

Comprehensive Juvenile Justice Crime Prevention Initiative in

Gainesville

Multistate Youth Violence Prevention Network

State of Hawaii to combat teen prostitution

Safe Places for Kids

The FY 1999 Omnibus Appropriations Conference agreement also urges

OJJDP to work with the Head Start Bureau and other Federal agencies to

coordinate an effort to increase public/private partnerships, such as

Free to Grow, aimed at strengthening families and communities in their

efforts to reduce the negative effect of substance abuse and use on the

development of young children.

Fiscal Year 1999 Program Listing

Overarching

Coalition for Juvenile Justice

Cost-Benefit Analysis of Juvenile Justice Programs

Evaluation of SafeFutures

[[Page 37282]]

Insular Area Support

Intergenerational Transmission of Antisocial Behavior Project

Juvenile Justice Clearinghouse

Juvenile Justice Statistics and Systems Development

OJJDP Management Evaluation Contract

OJJDP Technical Assistance Support Contract--Juvenile Justice

Resource Center

Program of Research on the Causes and Correlates of Delinquency

SafeFutures: Partnerships To Reduce Youth Violence and Delinquency

Study Group on Very Young Offenders

Technical Assistance for State Legislatures

Telecommunications Assistance

Training and Technical Assistance Coordination for the SafeFutures

and Safe Kids/Safe Streets Initiatives

Public Safety and Law Enforcement

The Chicago Project for Violence Prevention

Child Development-Community-Oriented Policing (CD-CP)

Comprehensive Community-Wide Approach to Gang Prevention,

Intervention, and Suppression Program

Evaluation of the Comprehensive Community-Wide Approach to Gang

Prevention, Intervention, and Suppression Program

Evaluation of the Partnerships To Reduce Juvenile Gun Violence

Program

Gang Prevention Through Targeted Outreach (Boys & Girls Clubs)

National Youth Gang Center

Partnerships To Reduce Juvenile Gun Violence

Survey of School-Based Gang Prevention and Intervention Programs

Training and Technical Assistance for the Rural Gang Initiative

Delinquency Prevention and Intervention

Advertising Campaign--Investing in Youth for a Safer Future

Assessing Alcohol, Drug, and Mental Health Disorders

The CETARY Project

Communities in Schools--Federal Interagency Partnership

Community Anti-Drug Abuse Technical Assistance Voucher Project

The Congress of National Black Churches: National Anti-Drug Abuse/

Violence Campaign (NADVC)

A Demonstration Afterschool Program

Diffusion of State Risk-and Protective-Factor Focused

Prevention

Hate Crime

Home Visitation

Multisite, Multimodal Treatment Study of Children With Attention

Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

National Center for Conflict Resolution Education

No Hope in Dope Project

Partnerships for Preventing Violence

Proactive Youth Program

Risk Reduction Via Promotion of Youth Development

The SAGE Project and PRIDE Center Afterschool Program

Strengthening Services for Chemically Involved Children, Youth, and

Families

Technical Assistance to Title V

Training and Technical Assistance for Family Strengthening Programs

Strengthening the Juvenile Justice System

Balanced and Restorative Justice Project (BARJ)

Blueprints for Violence Prevention: Training and Technical

Assistance

Building Blocks for Youth

Census of Juveniles in Residential Placement

Circles of Care Program

Development of the Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent, and

Chronic Juvenile Offenders

Evaluation of the Intensive Community-Based Aftercare Program

Evaluation of Teen Courts

Gender-Specific Programming for Female Juvenile Offenders

Intensive Community-Based Aftercare Demonstration and Technical

Assistance Program

Intensive Treatment Family Programs (ITF)

The Juvenile Justice Prosecution Unit

Juvenile Residential Facility Census

Juvenile Sex Offender Typology

Juvenile Transfers to Criminal Court Studies

Linking Balanced and Restorative Justice and Adolescents (LIBRA)

National Academy of Sciences Study of Juvenile Justice

National Juvenile Justice Program Directory

The National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 97

Performance-Based Standards for Juvenile Correction and Detention

Facilities

Quantum Opportunities Program (QOP) Evaluation

Survey of Juvenile Probation

Technical Assistance to Juvenile Corrections and Detention (The

James E. Gould Memorial Program)

Technical Assistance to Native Americans

TeenSupreme Career Preparation Initiative

Training and Technical Assistance for National Innovations To Reduce

Disproportionate Minority Confinement (The Deborah Ann Wysinger

Memorial Program)

Training and Technical Support for State and Local Jurisdictional

Teams To Focus on Juvenile Corrections and Detention Overcrowding

Child Abuse and Neglect and Dependency Courts

National Evaluation of the Safe Kids/Safe Streets Program

Safe Kids/Safe Streets: Community Approaches to Reducing Abuse and

Neglect and Preventing Delinquency

Overarching

Coalition for Juvenile Justice

This project supports the Coalition in its efforts to meet the

statutory mandates through the development of a technical assistance

capability that provides training, technical assistance, and

information to the State Juvenile Justice Advisory Groups. This will be

accomplished through a series of regional training and information

workshops and a national conference designed to address the needs of

the membership of the Coalition.

This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the

Coalition for Juvenile Justice. No additional applications will be

solicited in FY 1999.

Cost-Benefit Analysis of Juvenile Justice Programs

The University of Texas and the Dallas County Juvenile Department

are working together to perform a substantive cost-benefit analysis of

juvenile adjudications in the county to explore the extent to which the

method can provide better answers to increasingly urgent questions by

decisionmakers. The work, funded under an FY 1997 competitive grant, is

examining several important methodological and practical issues,

including methods of determining alternative measures for and the

extent of beneficial program effects and estimating and allocating unit

costs-benefit relationships of different programs. Through the process

of addressing these and related matters under the guidance of an

advisory board composed of individuals directly engaged in the juvenile

justice field at the local and State level, the project will also show

how the method can be made immediately useful to decisionmakers.

This program will be implemented by the current grantee, the

University of Texas--Dallas. No additional applications will be

solicited in FY 1999.

Evaluation of SafeFutures

A national evaluation competitively awarded with FY 1995 funds is

being conducted by the Urban Institute to determine the success of the

SafeFutures initiative in creating a comprehensive continuum of care

for youth in six participating sites (Boston, Massachusetts; Contra

Costa County and Imperial County, California; Fort Belknap, Montana;

Seattle, Washington; and St. Louis, Missouri). The evaluation addresses

the program implementation process and measures performance outcomes

and lessons learned about the challenges and accomplishments across the

six sites. A cross-site report will document the process of program

implementation and community outcomes for use by other funding agencies

or communities that want to develop and implement a comprehensive

community-based strategy to address serious, violent, and chronic

delinquency.

The evaluation will be implemented by the current grantee, the

Urban

[[Page 37283]]

Institute. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

Insular Area Support

The purpose of this statutorily required program is to provide

support to the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the

Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. Funds are available to

address the special needs and problems of juvenile delinquency in these

insular areas, as specified by Section 261(e) of the JJDP Act of 1974,

as amended, 42 U.S.C. 5665(e).

Intergenerational Transmission of Antisocial Behavior Project

The purpose of this project is to expand on the Rochester Youth

Development Study by examining the development of antisocial behavior

and delinquency in the children of the original Rochester, New York,

subjects of OJJDP's Program of Research on the Causes and Correlates of

Delinquency. By age 21, 40 percent of the original Rochester subjects

were parents. This provides a unique opportunity to examine and track

the development of delinquent behavior across three generations in a

particularly high-risk sample. Results of the study should provide

useful findings with policy implications for prevention programs. The

program is being funded under an FY 1998 interagency agreement between

OJJDP and the National Institute of Mental Health.

The project will be implemented by the current grantee, SUNY

Research Foundation. No additional applications will be solicited in FY

1999.

Juvenile Justice Clearinghouse

A component of the National Criminal Justice Reference Service

(NCJRS), the Juvenile Justice Clearinghouse (JJC) collects,

synthesizes, and disseminates information on all aspects of juvenile

justice. OJJDP established the Clearinghouse in 1979 to serve the

juvenile justice community, legislators, the media, and the public. JJC

offers toll-free telephone access to information; prepares specialized

responses to information requests; produces, warehouses, and

distributes OJJDP publications; exhibits at national conferences;

maintains a comprehensive juvenile justice library and database; and

administers several electronic information resources. NCJRS is

administered by the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) under a

competitively awarded contract to Aspen Systems Corporation.

This program will be implemented by the current contractor, Aspen

Systems Corporation. No additional applications will be solicited in FY

1999.

Juvenile Justice Statistics and Systems Development

The Juvenile Justice Statistics and Systems Development (SSD)

program was competitively awarded in FY 1990 to the National Center for

Juvenile Justice (NCJJ) to improve national, State, and local

statistics on juveniles as victims and offenders. The project has

focused on three major tasks: (1) Assessing how current information

needs are being met with existing data collection efforts and

recommending options for improving national level statistics; (2)

analyzing data and disseminating information gathered from existing

Federal statistical series and national studies; and (3) providing

training and technical assistance tools for local agencies in

developing or enhancing management information systems.

This project will be implemented by the current grantee, NCJJ. No

additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

OJJDP Management Evaluation Contract

This contract was competitively awarded in FY 1995 for a period of

3 years to provide OJJDP with an expert resource to perform independent

program evaluations and assist in implementing evaluation activities.

Evaluations may be conducted on OJJDP-funded programs and on other

programs designed to prevent and treat juvenile delinquency. The time

and cost of each evaluation depends on program complexity, availability

of data, and purpose of the evaluation. Because the purpose of many

evaluations is to inform management decisions, the completion of an

evaluation and submission of a report may be required in a specific

and, often, short time period.

This contract will be implemented by the current contractor,

Caliber Associates. However, a new competitive contract solicitation

will also be issued and a new contract awarded in FY 1999.

OJJDP Technical Assistance Support Contract--Juvenile Justice Resource

Center

This contract has been competitively awarded since the mid-1980's

when OJJDP identified the need for technical assistance support in

carrying out its mission. The Juvenile Justice Resource Center (JJRC)

provides technical assistance and support to OJJDP, its grantees, and

the Coordinating Council on Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention

in the areas of program development, evaluation, training, and

research. With assistance from expert consultants, JJRC coordinates the

peer review process for OJJDP grant applications and grantee reports,

conducts research and prepares reports on current juvenile justice

issues, plans meetings and conferences, and provides administrative

support to various Federal councils and boards.

This contract will be implemented by the current contractor, Aspen

Systems Corporation. No additional applications will be solicited in FY

1999.

Program of Research on the Causes and Correlates of Delinquency

Since 1986, this longitudinal study has addressed a variety of

issues related to juvenile violence and delinquency and has produced a

massive amount of information on the causes and correlates of

delinquent behavior. Three project sites participate: Institute of

Behavioral Science, University of Colorado at Boulder; Western

Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh; and

Hindelang Criminal Justice Research Center, University at Albany, State

University of New York. The sites pursue both collaborative research

efforts and site-specific research. Results from the study have been

used extensively in the field of juvenile justice and contributed

significantly to the development of OJJDP's Comprehensive Strategy for

Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile Offenders and other program

initiatives.

This program will be implemented by the current grantees. No

additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

SafeFutures: Partnerships To Reduce Youth Violence and Delinquency

Since FY 1995, this 5-year project has awarded grants of up to $1.4

million annually to each of six communities (Boston, Massachusetts;

Contra Costa County and Imperial County, California; Fort Belknap,

Montana; Seattle, Washington; and St. Louis, Missouri) to assist in

implementing comprehensive community programs designed to reduce youth

violence, delinquency, and victimization through the creation of a

continuum of care in communities. This continuum enables communities to

respond to the needs of youth at critical stages of their development

through a range of prevention, intervention, treatment, and sanctions

programs.

SafeFutures activities will be carried out by the current grantees.

No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

[[Page 37284]]

Study Group on Very Young Offenders

Modeled after the OJJDP Study Group on Serious and Violent Juvenile

Offenders, this program is exploring what is known about the prevalence

and frequency of very young (under the age of 13) offending. In FY

1998, OJJDP supplemented a grant to the University of Pittsburgh, the

grantee for the Study Group on Serious and Violent Juvenile Offenders.

The Study Group on Very Young Offenders is examining whether such

offending predicts future delinquent or criminal careers, how these

youth are handled by various systems including juvenile justice, mental

health, and social services; and what methods are best for preventing

very young offending and persistence of offending. This project will

disseminate the results of its research to the public, policymakers,

and practitioners. The Study Group is also assisting OJJDP in

formulating a 5-year research agenda for OJJDP and the juvenile justice

field.

This program will be implemented by the current grantee, the

Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic at the University of

Pittsburgh. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

Technical Assistance for State Legislatures

Since FY 1995, OJJDP has awarded annual grants to the National

Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL) to provide relevant, timely

information on comprehensive approaches in juvenile justice to aid

State legislators in improving State juvenile justice systems. Nearly

every State has enacted, or is considering, statutory changes affecting

the juvenile justice system. This project has helped policymakers

understand the ramifications and nuances of juvenile justice reform.

The grant has improved capacity for the delivery of information

services to legislatures. The project also supports increased

communication between State legislators and State and local leaders who

influence decisionmaking regarding juvenile justice issues.

The project will be implemented by the current grantee, NCSL. No

additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

Telecommunications Assistance

OJJDP uses information technology and distance training to

facilitate access to information and training for juvenile justice

professionals. This cost-effective medium enhances OJJDP's ability to

share with the field salient elements of the most effective or

promising approaches to various juvenile justice issues. In FY 1995,

OJJDP awarded a competitive grant to Eastern Kentucky University (EKU)

to produce live satellite teleconferences. In FY 1998, OJJDP continued

the cooperative agreement with EKU to provide program support and

technical assistance for a variety of information technologies. The

grantee also explored linkages with key constituent groups to advance

mutual information goals and objectives. During the past year, EKU has

experimented with cybercasting ``live'' satellite videoconferences on

the Internet.

This project will be implemented by the current grantee, EKU. No

additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

Training and Technical Assistance Coordination for the SafeFutures and

Safe Kids/Safe Streets Initiatives

OJJDP will provide funding for long-term training and technical

assistance to the SafeFutures and Safe Kids/Safe Streets initiatives.

This coordination effort builds local capacity for implementing and

sustaining effective continuum of care and systems change approaches in

six SafeFutures and five Safe Kids/Safe Streets sites. Project

activities include assessment, identification, and coordination of the

implementation of training and technical assistance needs at each of

the sites and administration of cross-site training.

This program will be implemented by the current grantee, Patricia

Donahue. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

Public Safety and Law Enforcement

The Chicago Project for Violence Prevention

The Chicago Project for Violence Prevention is a citywide, long-

term effort to reduce violence. Objectives include reductions in

homicide, physical injury, disability and emotional harm from assault,

domestic abuse, sexual abuse and rape, and child abuse and neglect. A

partnership among the Chicago Department of Public Health, the Illinois

Council for the Prevention of Violence, the University of Illinois, and

Chicago communities, the project began in 1995 with joint funding from

OJJDP and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National

Center for Injury Prevention and Control, the Bureau of Justice

Assistance, and the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development.

The project provides technical assistance to a variety of community-

based and citywide organizations involved in violence prevention

planning.

The Chicago Project for Violence Prevention will be implemented by

the current grantee, the University of Illinois, School of Public

Health. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

Child Development-Community-Oriented Policing (CD-CP)

The Child Development-Community-Oriented Policing (CD-CP) program

is an innovative partnership between the New Haven Department of Police

Services and the Child Study Center at the Yale University School of

Medicine that addresses the psychological burdens on children,

families, and the broader community of children witnessing increasing

levels of community violence. In FY 1993, OJJDP provided support to

document Yale--New Haven's child-centered, community-oriented policing

model. The model consists of interrelated training of police officers,

consultation, and teaming mental health clinicians with law enforcement

in intervening onsite with children and families who witness violence.

OJJDP, with first-year support from the Bureau of Justice Assistance,

funded a 3-year replication of the model in Buffalo, New York;

Charlotte, North Carolina; Nashville, Tennessee; and Portland, Oregon.

Other OJP components joined OJJDP in funding an expansion of CD-CP in

FY 1998. This expansion moved the project into school-based activities

and the area of addressing exposure to violence in domestic violence

settings and will continue to do so in FY 1999.

This project will be continued by the current grantee, the Yale

University School of Medicine, in collaboration with the New Haven

Department of Police Services. No additional applications will be

solicited in FY 1999.

Comprehensive Community-Wide Approach to Gang Prevention, Intervention,

and Suppression Program

This program supports implementation of a comprehensive gang

program model in five jurisdictions (Bloomington, Illinois; Mesa,

Arizona; Riverside, California; San Antonio, Texas; and Tucson,

Arizona). OJJDP will continue funding for the program, which was

competitively awarded with FY 1994 funds. The demonstration sites are

implementing a model developed by the University of Chicago with OJJDP

funding support. Implementation requires the mobilization of the

community to address gang-related violence by making available and

coordinating social interventions, providing social/academic/vocational

[[Page 37285]]

and other opportunities, and supporting gang suppression through law

enforcement, probation, and other community control mechanisms. Each

site has established a multidisciplinary team to coordinate the

services that project youth receive. Included in the service mix is

accountability or social control. Demonstration sites also receive

training and technical assistance.

This project will be implemented by the current demonstration

sites. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

Evaluation of the Comprehensive Community-Wide Approach to Gang

Prevention, Intervention, and Suppression Program

OJJDP will continue funding this evaluation. Under a 4-year

competitive cooperative agreement awarded in FY 1995, the evaluation

grantee assisted the five program sites (Bloomington, Illinois; Mesa,

Arizona; Riverside, California; San Antonio, Texas; and Tucson,

Arizona) in establishing realistic and measurable objectives,

documenting program implementation, and measuring the impact of this

comprehensive approach. It has also provided interim feedback to the

program implementors and trained the local site interviewers. The

grantee will continue to gather and analyze data required to evaluate

the program; monitor and oversee the quality control of data; provide

assistance for completion of interviews; and provide ongoing feedback

to project sites.

This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the

University of Chicago, School of Social Service Administration. No

additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

Evaluation of the Partnerships To Reduce Juvenile Gun Violence Program

This 3-year project began with a competitive award in FY 1997 to

document and evaluate the process of community mobilization, planning,

and collaboration needed to develop a comprehensive, collaborative

approach to reducing gun violence involving juveniles. The Partnerships

to Reduce Juvenile Gun Violence Program is being implemented in four

sites: Baton Rouge and Shreveport, Louisiana; Oakland, California: and

Syracuse, New York. In addition to working with these sites, the

grantee will also identify additional promising or effective programs

underway in communities across the country and evaluate a select number

of these programs. An expanded base of youth gun violence programs

offers greater opportunity to identify sites that are employing similar

strategies with different populations.

This evaluation will be implemented by the current grantee, COSMOS

Corporation. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

Gang Prevention Through Targeted Outreach (Boys and Girls Clubs)

The purpose of this program is to enable local Boys & Girls Clubs

to prevent youth from entering gangs, intervene with gang members in

the early stages of gang involvement, and divert youth from gang

activities into more constructive programs. This program reflects the

ongoing pattern of cooperation between OJJDP and the Boys & Girls Clubs

to reduce problems of juvenile delinquency and violence. The Boys &

Girls Clubs of America provides training and technical assistance to

local gang prevention and intervention sites, including some at

SafeFutures and OJJDP Comprehensive Gang sites. The project includes

funds for local clubs to implement the Targeted Outreach program. A

national evaluation of this program is being implemented by Public/

Private Ventures.

This program will be implemented by the current grantee, the Boys &

Girls Clubs of America. No additional applications will be solicited in

FY 1999.

National Youth Gang Center

The proliferation of gang problems over the past two decades led

OJJDP to develop a comprehensive, coordinated response to America's

gang problem. This response involved five program components, one of

which was implementation and operation of the National Youth Gang

Center (NYGC), competitively funded with FY 1994 funds, to expand and

maintain the body of critical knowledge about youth gangs and effective

responses to them. NYGC provides support services to the National Youth

Gang Consortium, composed of Federal agencies with responsibilities in

this area. NYGC is also providing technical assistance for the Rural

Gang Initiative planning and assessment phase. OJJDP will extend the

NYGC project an additional year and provide FY 1999 funds to NYGC to

conduct more indepth analyses of the National Youth Gang Survey results

that track changes in gang membership and gang-related crime, produce

timely information on the nature and scope of the youth gang problem,

and continue its efforts to foster integration of gang-related items

into other relevant surveys and national data collection efforts.

This program will be implemented by the current grantee, the

Institute for Intergovernmental Research. No additional applications

will be solicited in FY 1999.

Partnerships To Reduce Juvenile Gun Violence

OJJDP will award continuation grants to each of three competitively

selected communities that initially received funds in FY 1997 to

increase the effectiveness of existing youth gun violence reduction

strategies by enhancing and coordinating prevention, intervention, and

suppression strategies and strengthening linkages between community

residents, law enforcement, and the juvenile justice system. Baton

Rouge, Louisiana; Oakland, California: and Syracuse, New York, were

selected to receive 3-year awards. The goals of this initiative are to

reduce juveniles' illegal access to guns and address the reasons they

carry and use guns in violent exchanges. A national evaluation

currently underway will document the process of community mobilization,

planning, and collaboration needed to develop a comprehensive,

collaborative approach to reducing juvenile gun violence.

The Partnerships To Reduce Juvenile Gun Violence program will be

carried out by the three current grantees. No additional applications

will be solicited in FY 1999.

Survey of School-Based Gang Prevention and Intervention Programs

Under a competitively awarded FY 1997 grant, this project is

classifying and describing approaches used by schools to prevent or

reduce gang involvement among students in a large sample of urban,

suburban, and rural schools. In addition, a search and review of

activities undertaken by States to identify and evaluate school-based

gang prevention and intervention programs will be completed. Based on a

review of programs identified in a national survey currently under way,

a small number of promising programs will be examined more closely and

described. Technical reports will describe the full range of gang

prevention and intervention currently being implemented in the United

States, and they will compare program types and quality of

implementation across different school levels and locations. A report

will highlight promising programs and practices and include guidelines

on program development.

This project will be implemented by the current grantee,

Gottfredson Associates, Inc. No additional

[[Page 37286]]

applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

Training and Technical Assistance for the Rural Gang Initiative

In FY 1998, OJJDP provided supplemental funding support to the

National Youth Gang Center to provide training and technical assistance

to demonstration sites under OJJDP's Rural Gang Initiative. In FY 1999,

training and technical assistance will continue to be provided to those

sites chosen to implement the OJJDP Comprehensive Gang model. Training

and technical assistance will focus on adapting the OJJDP model to

rural jurisdictions and on implementing the model in a theoretically

sound manner. Assistance will be delivered through onsite visits,

conferences, meetings, and other means such as telephone and electronic

media.

This initiative will be implemented by the current grantee, the

National Youth Gang Center. No additional applications will be

solicited in FY 1999.

Delinquency Prevention and Intervention

Advertising Campaign--Investing in Youth for a Safer Future

OJJDP will continue its support, which began in FY 1997, of the

National Crime Prevention Council's (NCPC's) ad campaign, ``Investing

in Youth for A Safer Future,'' through the transfer of funds to the

Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA) under an Intra-agency Agreement.

OJJDP and BJA are working with the NCPC Media Unit to produce,

disseminate, and support effective public service advertising and

related media to inform the public of effective solutions to juvenile

crime and to motivate young people and adults to get involved and

support these solutions. The featured solutions include effective

prevention programs and intervention strategies.

The program will be administered by BJA through its existing grant

to NCPC. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

Assessing Alcohol, Drug, and Mental Health Disorders

This project supplements an ongoing National Institute of Mental

Health study assessing alcohol, drug, and mental health disorders among

juveniles in detention in Cook County, Illinois. The project has three

primary goals: (1) To determine how alcohol, drug, and mental disorders

develop over time among juvenile detainees; (2) to investigate whether

juvenile detainees receive needed psychiatric services after their

cases reach disposition (and they are back in the community or serving

sentences); and (3) to study the development of dangerous and risky

behaviors. The study will investigate how violence, drug use, and HIV/

AIDS risk behaviors develop over time, what the antecedents of these

behaviors are, and how these behaviors are interrelated. This project

is unique because the sample is so large: it includes 1,833 youth from

Chicago who were arrested and interviewed between 1996 and 1998. The

sample is stratified by gender, race (African American, non-Hispanic

white, Hispanic), age (10-13, 14-17), and severity of charge. The

investigators will reinterview subjects whether they are back in the

community or incarcerated. Because the sample is so large, there will

be sufficient statistical power to study rarer disorders (especially

comorbidity), patterns of drug use, and risky, life-threatening

behaviors. OJJDP funding for this project began in FY 1998.

The project will be implemented by the current grantee,

Northwestern University. No additional applications will be solicited

in FY 1999.

The CETARY Project

The goals of this project are to provide 20 second-time juvenile

offenders, up to age 18, an opportunity to enroll in an intense and

structured culinary arts training program; develop and maintain linkage

and employment opportunities for the youth; and place a minimum of 18

youth in an accredited continuing education program and/or in the

workplace with full-time employment. Funded in FY 1998, the project

also provides a counseling specialist who helps the youth establish job

readiness and who coordinates placement between career development and

employment. General educational development (GED) classes are also

offered. Continuous progress evaluations and needs assessments are

implemented and enforced for each youth.

This project will be implemented by the current grantee, Johnson &

Wales University. No additional applications will be solicited in FY

1999.

Communities In Schools--Federal Interagency Partnership

This program will continue an ongoing national school dropout

prevention model developed and implemented by Communities In Schools,

Inc. (CIS). CIS, Inc., provides training and technical assistance in

adapting and implementing the CIS model in States and local

communities. The model brings social, employment, mental health, drug

prevention, entrepreneurship, and other resources to high-risk youth

and their families in the school setting. Where they exist, CIS State

organizations assume primary responsibility for local program

replication during the Federal Interagency Partnership. The Partnership

is based on enhancing (1) CIS, Inc., training and technical assistance

capabilities; (2) its capability to introduce selected initiatives to

youth at the local level; (3) its information dissemination capability;

and (4) its capability to network with Federal agencies on behalf of

State and local CIS programs.

The program will be implemented by the current grantee, Communities

In Schools, Inc. No additional applications will be solicited in FY

1999.

Community Anti-Drug Abuse Technical Assistance Voucher Project

Through the Community Anti-Drug Abuse Technical Assistance Voucher

Project, the National Center for Neighborhood Enterprise (NCNE) has

been awarding vouchers for several years to grassroots organizations to

purchase technical assistance and training to effectively address the

problem of juvenile drug abuse. NCNE has established a clearinghouse

featuring more than 1,200 promising and proven anti-drug programs. The

impact of technical assistance vouchers includes enhanced

organizational visibility, larger grant awards for indigenous groups,

and expanded and increased services resulting from technical assistance

in program development and staff training. In addition to awarding

vouchers for technical assistance, NCNE provides technical assistance

to applicants regarding the development of their mission, goals, and

objectives.

The Community Anti-Drug Abuse Technical Assistance Voucher Project

will be implemented by the current grantee, the National Center for

Neighborhood Enterprise. No additional applications will be solicited

in FY 1999.

The Congress of National Black Churches: National Anti-Drug Abuse/

Violence Campaign (NADVC)

The Congress of National Black Churches (CNBC) addresses the

problems of juvenile drug abuse, violence, and hate crime through its

national public awareness and mobilization strategy. The strategy

coordinates the black religious leadership, in cooperation with the

U.S. Department of Justice and other Federal agencies and

organizations, to mobilize

[[Page 37287]]

community residents to combat juvenile drug abuse and drug-related

violence. The CNBC National Anti-Drug Abuse/Violence Campaign (NADVC)

is a partner in the Education Development Center's (EDC) Juvenile Hate

Crime Initiative. NADVC's training and technical assistance have helped

sites leverage funds from public and private sources. The NADVC model

for the development of prevention programs is easily tailored to the

local community's assessment of its drug, delinquency, violence, and

hate crime problems.

The program will be implemented by the current grantee, the

Congress of National Black Churches. No additional applications will be

solicited in FY 1999.

A Demonstration Afterschool Program

This project, known as Estrella, is using FY 1998 funds to design

and evaluate a pilot afterschool program to reduce juvenile delinquency

and increase educational retention at Gadsden Independent School

District in Dona Ana County, New Mexico. Through a curriculum of hands-

on science and reading projects and supervised recreation, Estrella is

providing a constructive alternative to afternoons of unsupervised free

time. New Mexico Mathematics, Engineering, Science Achievement (NM

MESA) will provide the academic component of the program. Middle school

students will mentor elementary students in a highly interactive

learning environment developed through the use of the nationally

recognized MESA curriculums. The New Mexico Police Athletic League

(PAL) will provide a sports component to round out the program. The

University of New Mexico's Institute for Social Research will evaluate

the program using both qualitative and quantitative methods.

This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the

University of New Mexico--Regents. No additional applications will be

solicited in FY 1999.

Diffusion of State Risk- and Protective-Factor Focused Prevention

Since FY 1997, OJJDP has provided funds to the National Institute

on Drug Abuse, through an interagency agreement, to support this 5-year

study of the public health approach to prevention, focusing on risk and

protective factors for substance abuse at the State and community

levels. The study will identify factors that influence the adoption of

the public health approach and assess the association between this

approach and the levels of risk and protective factors and substance

abuse among adolescents. The study will also examine State substance

abuse data gathered from 1988 through 2001 and use interviews to

describe the process of implementing the epidemiological risk-and

protective-factor approach in Colorado, Kansas, Illinois, Maine,

Oregon, Utah, and Washington.

This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the Social

Development Research Group at the University of Washington School of

Social Work. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

Hate Crime

Under an OJJDP grant competitively awarded in FY 1993, the

Education Development Center (EDC) developed Healing the Hate, a

multipurpose curriculum for hate crime prevention in middle schools and

other classroom settings. OJJDP expanded this grant to allow EDC to

provide training and technical assistance to youth, educators, juvenile

justice and law enforcement professionals, and representatives of local

public/private community agencies and organizations and the faith

community. In FY 1999, EDC will expand its training and technical

assistance to new sites and further disseminate the products through

the education and juvenile justice networks. In addition, EDC will

provide onsite, short-term technical assistance to practitioners

interested in hate crime issues. EDC will also assist State juvenile

justice agencies to formulate hate crime prevention components for

their juvenile delinquency prevention plans.

The project will be implemented by the current grantee, Education

Development Center. No additional applications will be solicited in FY

1999.

Home Visitation

This program integrates prenatal and early childhood nurse home

visitation into five sites of Operation Weed and Seed (Clearwater,

Florida; Fresno, Los Angeles, and Oakland, CA; and Oklahoma City, OK)

and one SafeFutures site (St. Louis, MO). Operation Weed and Seed is a

national initiative to make communities safe through law enforcement

activities and to rebuild the community through social services and

economic redevelopment in crime-ridden communities across the country.

SafeFutures is an initiative to assist in implementing comprehensive

community programs designed to reduce youth violence, delinquency, and

victimization through the creation of a continuum of care in

communities. The nurse home visitation program addresses three major

goals: (1) Preparation of clear, comprehensive home visitation

materials to facilitate dissemination and accurate replication of the

program; (2) dissemination of the program to the six sites and

provision of technical support and training to local staff; and (3) an

evaluation of the program with a significant research focus on the

dissemination process.

The project will be implemented by the current grantee, the

University of Colorado Health Services Center. No additional

applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

Multisite, Multimodal Treatment Study of Children With Attention

Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

OJJDP will transfer funds under an interagency agreement with the

National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) to support this research,

funded principally by NIMH. In 1992, NIMH began a study of the long-

term efficacy of stimulant medication and intensive behavioral and

educational treatment for children with attention deficit/hyperactivity

disorder (ADHD). Although ADHD is classified as a childhood disorder,

up to 70 percent of afflicted children continue to experience symptoms

in adolescence and adulthood. The study will continue through 2000 and

will follow the original families and a comparison group. OJJDP's

participation, which began in FY 1998, will allow for investigation

into the subjects' delinquent behavior and contact with the legal

system, including arrests and court referrals.

OJJDP will support this study through an interagency agreement with

NIMH. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

National Center for Conflict Resolution Education

Funded under a competitively awarded cooperative agreement in FY

1995, the National Center for Conflict Resolution Education works to

integrate conflict resolution education (CRE) programming into all

levels of education in schools, juvenile facilities, and youth-serving

organizations. In FY 1998, OJJDP entered into a partnership with the

U.S. Department of Education to expand and enhance this project. The

grantee provides training and technical assistance through onsite

training and consultation for teams from schools, communities, and

juvenile facilities; by providing resource materials including the

guide to implementing conflict resolution programs; and by partnering

with State-level agencies to establish

[[Page 37288]]

State training institutes and otherwise build local capacity to

implement successful CRE programs for youth. The Center also

facilitates peer-to-peer mentoring.

Additionally, the National Center for Conflict Resolution Education

has developed the interactive portion of a CD-ROM that is part of an

MTV campaign against violence. Through its Juvenile Justice

Clearinghouse, OJJDP is making available to MTV viewers 1 million free

copies of the CD-ROM/Action Guide package. The CD-ROM presents real-

life situations that confront young people and gives them the skills

needed to resolve conflicts peacefully. Besides OJJDP, the Bureau of

Justice Assistance and the Safe and Drug-Free Schools Program of the

U.S. Department of Education are providing funding for this MTV

project.

The project will be implemented by the current grantee, Illinois

Institute for Dispute Resolution. No additional applications will be

solicited in FY 1999.

No Hope in Dope Project

The goal of the No Hope in Dope (NHID) program, funded under an FY

1998 OJJDP grant, is to prevent, reduce, or delay the onset of

substance abuse in elementary, intermediate, and high school students

in Hawaii's Windward Oaho area. This goal will be accomplished by using

a community-based approach that makes antidrug norms clear, salient,

and useful as guides for behavior. The program uses opinion-leading

student athletes, the No Hope in Dope seminar, and the Officer Honolulu

Safety Program. NHID is a program of Project Hope in coordination with

the Kahuku and Castle School complexes of the Windward Oahu School

District and the Honolulu Police Department. The program will be

evaluated with a pre/post intervention design that will allow

conclusions about the effectiveness of this community-and school-level

intervention.

This project will be implemented by the current grantee, Operation

Hope. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

Partnerships for Preventing Violence

This program will continue for a second year in a multiple funding

agreement among OJJDP, the U.S. Department of Education, and the U.S.

Department of Health and Human Services to provide support for distance

training using satellite videconferencing as the medium. The project,

funded under a 3-year grant, consists of a series of six live,

interactive satellite training broadcasts that focus on violence

prevention programs and strategies that have proven promising or

effective. The training is targeted to school and community violence

prevention personnel, health care providers, law enforcement officials,

and other service providers representing a variety of community-based

and youth-serving organizations. To date, two events have been held;

the third telecast is scheduled for April 16, 1999.

The project will be implemented by the current grantee, Harvard

University School of Public Health. No additional applications will be

solicited in FY 1999.

Proactive Youth Program

The New Mexico Police Activities League (PAL) is implementing a

statewide prevention project consisting of recreational, educational,

and cultural activities for families and youth between the ages of 5

and 18, but focused on at-risk youth and their families. The

Albuquerque PAL will provide the initial model for the organization and

implementation of the New Mexico PAL project. Local PAL programs will

be initiated in at least 12 other New Mexico communities. Schedules for

core programs will be coordinated, and a system of regional and

statewide activities will be established. The overall goal of the

project, which received an FY 1998 OJJDP grant, is to reduce negative

behavior and promote healthy behavioral patterns among New Mexico's

youth by providing activities that unite youth with law enforcement

officers, educators, and other positive adult role models.

This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the

University of New Mexico--Regents. No additional applications will be

solicited in FY 1999.

Risk Reduction Via Promotion of Youth Development

This program, also known as Early Alliance, is a large-scale

prevention study involving hundreds of African-American and Caucasian

children in several elementary schools in lower socioeconomic

neighborhoods of Columbia, SC. This project is designed to promote

coping-competence and reduce risk for conduct problems, aggression,

substance use, delinquency and violence, and school failure beginning

in early elementary school. Children are being followed longitudinally

throughout the 5 years of the project. The program is funded through an

interagency agreement with the National Institute of Mental Health

(NIMH). NIMH's grantee is the University of South Carolina. Funding has

also been provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

and the National Institute on Drug Abuse.

Funded initially in FY 1997 through a fund transfer to NIMH under

an interagency agreement, support will be continued for an additional 3

years. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

The SAGE Project and PRIDE Center Afterschool Program

The SAGE project is continuing development of a project to prevent

and reduce juvenile delinquency and school violence. The long-term goal

of the PRIDE Center is to provide a comprehensive, year-round juvenile

delinquency prevention and intervention program that supports the youth

objectives of the SAGE Secondary School and the youth and community

objectives of the SAGE project as a whole. Under an FY 1998 grant, the

project is providing the collaborating organizations with the means to

(1) Expand and enhance adult-mentored and supervised, structured

educational opportunities to court-involved and high-risk youth; (2)

involve additional city agencies and community-based organizations

through the PRIDE Center; and (3) continue to evaluate and disseminate

findings on the project's success for replication in other urban areas.

This project will be implemented by the current grantee,

Springfield College. No additional applications will be solicited in FY

1999.

Strengthening Services for Chemically Involved Children, Youth, and

Families

The U.S. Departments of Justice and Health and Human Services (HHS)

provide services to children affected by parental substance use or

abuse. OJJDP administers this training and technical assistance

program, which began in FY 1998, with funds transferred to OJJDP by

HHS's Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration,

through a cooperative agreement to the Child Welfare League of America

(CWLA), a nonprofit organization. CWLA is assisting child welfare

personnel to provide appropriate intervention services for children

impacted by the abuse of alcohol and other drugs (AOD) and for their

caregivers. CWLA is producing a s comprehensive assessment tool and

decisionmaking guidelines for child welfare workers and supervisors.

CWLA training and technical assistance will help to develop innovative

and effective approaches to meeting the needs of children in the

[[Page 37289]]

child welfare system whose parents are AOD abusers.

This jointly funded project will be implemented by CWLA. No

additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

Technical Assistance to Title V

The purpose of this continuation contract is to provide OJJDP with

training support for the Title V program. This training, which the

grantee has developed and refined over several years, will continue to

introduce key community leaders to data-based risk-and resiliency-

focused delinquency prevention strategies and provide localities with

the knowledge and skills to assess risk factors and resources in their

communities. This contract will also increase the capacity of States to

conduct data-based risk and resiliency focused training without Federal

support.

This project will be implemented by the current grantee,

Developmental Research and Programs, Inc. No additional applications

will be solicited in FY 1999.

Training and Technical Assistance for Family Strengthening Programs

OJJDP will continue funding a cooperative agreement competitively

awarded in FY 1995 to the University of Utah's Department of Health

Education (DHE) to provide training and technical assistance to

communities interested in establishing or enhancing a continuum of

family strengthening efforts. After a literature review, the grantee

convened regional training conferences to showcase selected exemplary

and promising family strengthening programs; developed a process for

sites to receive followup training on specific program models;

conducted program-specific workshops; produced and then updated user

and training-of-trainers guides; and distributed videos of several

family strengthening workshops. The grantee's technical assistance

delivery system and the overall impact of the project are being

assessed. In FY 1999, this program will expand its surveys and research

on effective practices and assist in replication of identified

programs.

This program will be implemented by the current grantee, the

University of Utah's DHE. No additional applications will be solicited

in FY 1999.

Strengthening the Juvenile Justice System

Balanced and Restorative Justice Project (BARJ)

OJJDP has supported development and improvement of juvenile

restitution programs since 1977. The purpose of the BARJ project is to

enhance the development of restitution programs as part of systemwide

juvenile justice improvement using balanced approach concepts and

restorative justice principles. The BARJ program model was first

described in a 1994 OJJDP Program Summary, Balanced and Restorative

Justice, which became a reference source for BARJ training. The BARJ

project has provided intensive training, technical assistance, and

guideline materials to three selected sites (Allegheny County,

Pennsylvania; Dakota County, Minnesota; and West Palm Beach County,

Florida), which have been implementing major systemic change in

accordance with the BARJ model. The BARJ Project also offers technical

assistance and training to other jurisdictions nationwide.

This project will be implemented by the current grantee, Florida

Atlantic University. No additional applications will be solicited in FY

1999.

Blueprints for Violence Prevention: Training and Technical Assistance

OJJDP will continue to fund an FY 1998 cooperative agreement with

the Center for the Study and Prevention of Violence (CSPV) at the

University of Colorado. Under this grant, CSPV provides intensive

training and technical assistance to community organizations and units

of local government to replicate 10 ``Blueprint'' model programs. These

are programs that CSPV identified as meeting a rigorous scientific

standard of proven program effectiveness and replicability for reducing

adolescent violence, crime, and substance abuse. CSPV will help

communities determine the feasibility of program development and also

monitor and assist in the replication of these Blueprint programs for 2

years.

This project will be implemented by the current grantee, CSPV. No

additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

Building Blocks for Youth

The goals of this initiative are to protect minority youth in the

justice system and promote rational and effective juvenile justice

policies. These goals are accomplished by the following components: (1)

Conducting research on issues such as the impact on minority youth of

new State laws and the implications of privatization of juvenile

facilities by profit-making corporations; (2) undertaking an analysis

of decisionmaking in the justice system and development of model

decisionmaking criteria that reduce or eliminate disproportionate

impact of the system on minority youth; (3) building a constituency for

change at the national, State, and local levels; and (4) developing

communication strategies for dissemination of information. A fifth

component, direct advocacy for minority youth is funded by other

sources, not by OJJDP. Funding by OJJDP began in FY 1998.

This initiative will be implemented by the current grantee, the

Youth Law Center. No additional applications will be solicited in FY

1999.

Census of Juveniles in Residential Placement

In FY 1998, the Census of Juveniles in Residential Placement (CJRP)

replaced the biennial Census of Public and Private Juvenile Detention,

Correctional, and Shelter Facilities, known as the Children in Custody

census. CJRP collects detailed information on the population of

juveniles who are in juvenile residential placement facilities as a

result of contact with the juvenile justice system. New methods

developed for CJRP are expected to produce more accurate, timely, and

useful data on the juvenile population, with less reporting burden for

facility respondents.

This program will be implemented through an existing interagency

agreement with the Bureau of the Census. No additional applications

will be solicited in FY 1999.

Circles of Care Program

In FY 1998, OJJDP and the Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS)

entered into an interagency agreement to have OJJDP provide support to

the Circles of Care Program, which CMHS had developed. OJJDP

transferred funds to CMHS to support the funding of an additional site.

The Circles of Care Program is designed to facilitate the planning and

implementation of a continuum of care for Native American youth at risk

of mental health, substance abuse, and delinquency problems. CMHS

funded nine sites in FY 1998 and will continue these sites in FY 1999,

based on availability of funds and project performance. OJJDP will

transfer additional funds in FY 1999 to continue support for this

program.

The currently funded projects will continue in FY 1999. No new

applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

Development of the Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent, and

Chronic Juvenile Offenders

OJJDP has been providing support for development of its

Comprehensive Strategy for several years. This project will complete

ongoing strategic

[[Page 37290]]

planning efforts in six States and expand to two additional States,

Oregon and Wisconsin. In each State, up to six jurisdictions have been

identified to receive Comprehensive Strategy planning training and

technical assistance. OJJDP internal technical assistance capacity will

be developed during this time to further assist States through training

and technical assistance, including States planning on developing a

Comprehensive Strategy planning framework. Implementation support will

be developed and provided to the six States and one pilot site

scheduled to complete Comprehensive Strategy plans in 1999. Further

development and updates of the Guide for Implementing the Comprehensive

Strategy for Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile Offenders will also

occur in FY 1999.

This project will be implemented by the current grantees, the

National Council on Crime and Delinquency and Developmental Research

and Programs, Inc. No additional applications will be solicited in FY

1999.

Evaluation of the Intensive Community-Based Aftercare Program

In FY 1995, OJJDP competitively awarded a grant to the National

Council on Crime and Delinquency (NCCD) to perform a process evaluation

and design an outcome evaluation of the Intensive Community-Based

Aftercare Demonstration and Technical Assistance program. In FY 1998,

the project was supplemented and extended for an additional 2 years to

continue the outcome evaluation. The outcome evaluation seeks to

determine the extent of the differences between the Intensive

Community-Based Aftercare Program (IAP) participants and the

``regular'' parolees, the supervision and services provided to both

groups, and the cost-effectiveness of IAP. Data collection is being

accomplished using several methods including searches of State police

records to measure recidivism and analyzing State agency and juvenile

court data to estimate costs.

This project will be implemented by the current grantee, NCCD. No

additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

Evaluation of Teen Courts

This project, which OJJDP began in FY 1997, is measuring the effect

of handling young, relatively nonserious law violators in teen courts

rather than in traditional juvenile or family courts. Researchers are

collecting data on several dimensions of program outcomes, including

postprogram recidivism, changes in teens' perceptions of justice, and

their ability to make more mature judgements. Analyses of these

dimensions will be used to compare youth handled in at least three

separate teen court programs with those processed by the traditional

juvenile justice system. In addition, the study will conduct a process

evaluation of the teen court programs, exploring legal, administrative,

and case processing factors that affect the ability of the programs to

achieve their goals.

This evaluation will be implemented by the current grantee, the

Urban Institute. No additional applications will be solicited in FY

1999.

Gender-Specific Programming for Female Juvenile Offenders

Using a FY 1995 competitive OJJDP grant, Cook County has built a

network of support for juvenile female offenders. The county has

developed gender-specific needs, strengths, and risk assessments for

juvenile female offenders; provided training in implementing gender-

appropriate programming; and designed a pilot program with a community-

based continuum of care and a unique case management system. In FY

1998, OJJDP provided continuation funding to the Cook County gender-

specific program and began providing funding to the State of

Connecticut to develop specialized programs for girls from prevention

to detention. Connecticut's objectives and activities also include

planning, implementing, and demonstrating a program that will develop a

hierarchy of sanctions with specific emphasis on females up to age 18

and incorporating systemic changes. The primary emphasis of the

Connecticut program is on the needs of pregnant girls and those who are

mothers. Technical assistance is being provided to both Cook County and

the State of Connecticut by Greene, Peters, and Associates, OJJDP's

gender-specific training and technical assistance grantee.

The project will be implemented, in partnership with the Bureau of

Justice Assistance, by the current grantee, the Cook County Bureau of

Public Safety and Judicial Coordination, and by the State of

Connecticut's Office of Alternative Sanctions. No additional

applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

Intensive Community-Based Aftercare Demonstration and Technical

Assistance Program

This initiative supports implementation, training and technical

assistance, and an independent evaluation of an intensive community-

based aftercare model in three competitively selected demonstration

sites. The overall goal of the intensive aftercare model is to identify

and assist high-risk juvenile offenders to make a gradual transition

from secure confinement back into the community. The Intensive

Aftercare Program (IAP) model has three distinct, yet overlapping

segments: (1) Prerelease and preparatory planning activities during

incarceration; (2) structured transitioning involving the participation

of institutional and aftercare staffs both prior to and following

community reentry; and (3) long-term reintegrative activities to ensure

adequate service delivery and the required level of social control. The

grantee provides continuing training and technical assistance to

administrators, managers, and line staff at the intensive community-

based aftercare sites. The grant was competitively awarded in FY 1995.

The IAP project will be implemented by the current grantee, the

Johns Hopkins University. No additional applications will be solicited

in FY 1999.

Intensive Treatment Family Programs (ITF)

The purpose of KidsPeace is to provide individualized foster care

(IFC) to seriously disturbed children and adolescents in a therapeutic

family setting. KidsPeace will expand its program to additional sites,

with the assistance of OJJDP's funding, first provided in FY 1997.

KidsPeace has established four sites (Union, New Jersey; Orchard Park

and Albany, New York; and Muncie, Indiana). A fifth site is currently

under development.

This project will be implemented by the current grantee, KidsPeace

National Centers for Kids in Crisis of North America. No additional

applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

The Juvenile Justice Prosecution Unit

Under an FY 1996 OJJDP grant, the American Prosecutors Research

Institute, the research and technical assistance affiliate of the

National District Attorneys Association, established the Juvenile

Justice Prosecution Unit (JJPU) to promote prosecutor training. JJPU

holds workshops on juvenile-related policy, leadership, and management

for chief prosecutors and juvenile unit chiefs and also provides

prosecutors with background information on juvenile justice issues,

programs, training, and technical assistance. The project solicits

planning and other advisory input from prosecutors familiar with

juvenile

[[Page 37291]]

justice system and prosecutor needs. It draws on the expertise of

working groups of elected or appointed prosecutors and juvenile unit

chiefs to support project staff in providing technical assistance,

juvenile justice-related research, program information, and training to

practitioners nationwide.

This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the

American Prosecutors Research Institute. No additional applications

will be solicited in FY 1999.

Juvenile Residential Facility Census

As part of a long-term relationship with the Bureau of the Census,

OJJDP will continue to fund the development and testing of a new census

of juvenile residential facilities. This census will focus on those

facilities that are authorized to hold juveniles based on contact with

the juvenile justice system. From interviews with facility

administrators and staff at 20 locations, project staff have produced a

detailed report discussing how best to capture information on

education, mental health and substance abuse treatment, health

services, conditions of custody, staffing, and facility capacity.

Project staff have also drafted and tested a questionnaire based on the

interview results. The questionnaire will be finalized in 1999. The

first full implementation will take place in October 2000.

This project will be conducted through an interagency agreement

with the Bureau of the Census, Governments Division and Statistical

Research Division. No new applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

Juvenile Sex Offender Typology

In FY 1998, OJJDP competitively funded two feasibility studies in

an effort to develop a juvenile sex offender typology. One study is

being conducted by the University of Illinois-Springfield, the other by

Health Related Research. Efforts to effectively address issues related

to juvenile sex offenders' dangerousness, the most appropriate level of

placement restrictiveness, the potential for rehabilitation, assessment

requirements, and intervention needs have been hampered by the lack of

an empirically based system for classifying this heterogeneous

population into meaningful subgroups. These initial studies will

determine specific methodologies best suited to generate an empirically

validated typology of the juvenile sex offender. Based on the results

of these initial studies, OJJDP will determine the feasibility of

developing a juvenile sex offender typology or the desirability of

continuing in the specific directions suggested by Phase I of this

work.

An expansion of this work will be implemented by one or both of the

current grantees, University of Illinois-Springfield and Health Related

Research. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

Juvenile Transfers to Criminal Court Studies

This study explores the impact of the 1994 changes in Florida law

by contrasting transfer policies and practices and sentences received

for 1993 with those for 1995. Postsentencing recidivism of the 400

transferred youth in 1993 will be examined. Detailed data on the role

of the offender in the commission of the offense; the involvement of

gangs, guns, and drugs; and prior offense histories will be used in

analyzing sentencing outcomes and postrelease offending. Predictions

will be made on rearrest and time to failure in multivariate models

with variables reflecting characteristics of offenses, offenders, and

offense histories. Cross-group recidivism analyses are planned to

compare the recidivism of youth transferred to adult court with that of

those retained in the juvenile justice system.

The project will be implemented by the current grantee, the Florida

Juvenile Justice Accountability Board. No additional applications will

be solicited in FY 1999.

Linking Balanced and Restorative Justice and Adolescents (LIBRA)

The goal of this program is to continue development of a

comprehensive, integrated, balanced and restorative system of justice

for youthful offenders that holds them accountable to victims, protects

the community, builds offender skills and competencies, and offers

opportunities for positive connections to community members. OJJDP

funding for the program began in FY 1998. To hold youth accountable,

the project will establish a network of accountability boards. The

project will also pilot Community Justice Centers, which will

demonstrate that the community is the core of the justice process and

recognizes youth as a vital part of the community.

This program will be implemented by the current grantee, the

Vermont Department of Social and Rehabilitation Services. No additional

applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

National Academy of Sciences Study of Juvenile Justice

In FY 1997, OJJDP initiated support for a 2-year study by the

National Academy of Sciences to draw upon expertise from relevant

disciplines in the scientific and practitioner communities to develop a

synthesis of the relevant scientific research and expert opinion

regarding the prevention, treatment, and control of juvenile crime.

Following an examination of empirical and clinical research relevant to

the origin of and pathways to youth violence and justice system

treatment of juveniles, the review will be supplemented by two

workshops and site visits to selected programs. These activities will

help to identify (1) the elements of settings, with a particular

emphasis on family and school, that inhibit or contribute to the ways

in which serious delinquency develops; (2) juvenile and criminal

justice system concerns regarding the shifts in youth crime prevention

and control policies; and (3) juvenile violence and policing practices

in public and federally assisted housing. The study will identify key

elements of current efforts and policies that appear to either

contribute to or inhibit the development of effective interventions and

control mechanisms for youth violence and delinquency. The project is

also being supported by the U.S. Department of Education.

This program will be implemented by the current grantee, the

National Academy of Sciences. No additional applications will be

solicited in FY 1999.

National Juvenile Justice Program Directory

In FY 1995, OJJDP initiated development of this program directory.

To conduct its statistical functions, OJJDP must maintain a current and

accurate list of all entities surveyed either in the various censuses

or in surveys. This list currently entails a complete list of juvenile

residential facilities and a list of juvenile probation offices. As

OJJDP expands its statistical work, it will need to expand this listing

as well. The list needs to contain contact information for the various

facilities or agencies and appropriate information for sampling.

This project will be conducted through an interagency agreement

with the Bureau of the Census, Governments Division. No additional

applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

[[Page 37292]]

The National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 97

OJJDP will continue supporting the second round of data collection

under the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 97 (NLSY97) through an

interagency agreement with the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). OJJDP

funding began in FY 1997. NLSY97 is studying school-to-work transition

in a nationally representative sample of 8,700 youth ages 12 to 16

years old. BLS is also collecting data on the involvement of these

youth in antisocial and other behavior that may affect their transition

to productive work careers. This survey provides information about risk

and protective factors related to the initiation, persistence, and

desistance of delinquent and criminal behavior and provides an

opportunity to determine the generalizability of findings from OJJDP's

Program of Research on the Causes and Correlates of Delinquency and

other longitudinal studies across a nationally representative

population of youth.

The program will be implemented by the BLS under an interagency

agreement. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

Performance-Based Standards for Juvenile Correction and Detention

Facilities

This program, which began with a competitive OJJDP cooperative

agreement awarded in FY 1995, is in its third phase. Goals for this

phase are to (1) introduce concepts, tools, and principles of

performance-based standards and accountability in 25 to 30 facilities

nationwide; (2) complete the collection of baseline measures of

performance on 22 standards covering six critical areas of facility

operations in all participating facilities using uniform data

collection instruments and protocols; (3) assist the management team in

developing appropriate strategies to respond to problem areas based on

the performance data; (4) facilitate access to OJJDP/OJP resources for

training and technical assistance and related support services needed

to carry out the facility improvement plan; (5) monitor results of

interventions through reassessment and analysis of progress; and (6)

refine the measurement processes and build database performance

benchmarks.

This program will be implemented by the current grantee, Council of

Juvenile Correctional Administrators. No additional applications will

be solicited in FY 1999.

Quantum Opportunities Program (QOP) Evaluation

OJJDP will continue funding an impact evaluation of the Quantum

Opportunities Program (QOP) through an interagency fund transfer to the

U.S. Department of Labor (DOL). OJJDP began funding this evaluation in

FY 1997. QOP, designed by the Ford Foundation and Opportunities

Industrialization Centers of America, is a career enrichment program

using a model providing basic education, personal and cultural

development, community service, and mentoring. The evaluation will

determine whether QOP reduces the likelihood that inner-city youth at

educational risk will enter the criminal or juvenile justice system.

Outcomes to be examined include academic achievement in high school;

misbehavior in school; self-esteem and sense of control over one's

life; educational and career goals; and personal decisions such as

teenage parenthood, substance abuse, and criminal activity. Data on

criminal activity are being collected from individual student

interviews.

This program will be implemented through an interagency agreement

with the U.S. Department of Labor. No additional applications will be

solicited in FY 1999.

Survey of Juvenile Probation

OJJDP will continue to support development of a survey of juvenile

probation offices in an effort to determine the number of juveniles

under some form of community supervision. The exact nature and extent

of this survey depends greatly on the results of various development

efforts OJJDP is pursuing currently. This project will fund the Bureau

of the Census to establish standard procedures for the implementation

of this survey. Funding for this project began in FY 1996.

This project will be conducted through an interagency agreement

with the Bureau of the Census, Governments Division. No new

applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

Technical Assistance to Juvenile Corrections and Detention (The James

E. Gould Memorial Program)

The primary purpose of this program is to provide specialized

technical assistance to juvenile corrections, detention, and community

residential service providers. The grantee also plans and convenes an

annual Juvenile Corrections and Detention Forum, which provides an

opportunity for juvenile corrections and detention leaders to meet and

discuss issues, problems, and solutions to emerging corrections and

detention problems. The grantee also provides workshops and conferences

on current and emerging national issues in the field of juvenile

corrections and detention, conducts surveys, and offers technical

assistance through document dissemination. OJJDP will continue this

program, which began in FY 1995 under competitive grant for a 3-year

period.

The project will be implemented by the current grantee, the

American Correctional Association. No additional applications will be

solicited in FY 1999.

Technical Assistance to Native Americans

The goal of this program is to build the capacity of the Gila River

Indian community, the Pueblo of Jemez, the Navajo Nation, the Red Band

of Chippewa Indians, other Native American and Alaskan Native

communities, and urban jurisdictions where tribal people reside to

address Indian youth crime, delinquency, violence and victimization.

Project funds support the development of comprehensive, systemwide

responses to these problems in tribal communities. In FY 1999, OJJDP

will continue to provide technical assistance to Native Americans to

enable tribes to further develop alternatives to detention,

specifically targeting juveniles who are first or nonviolent offenders;

design guidebooks for the tribal peacemaking process to be used in

addressing juvenile delinquency issues that are reported to Family

District Court systems; design and implement juvenile justice needs

assessments to assist tribes in responding to juvenile detention and

alternatives to detention needs; develop protocols to implement State

Children's Code provisions that affect Native American Children; and

establish sustainable, comprehensive community-based planning processes

that focus on the needs of tribal youth. In FY 1997, American Indian

Development Associates (AIDA) was selected to implement OJJDP's

national technical assistance program for tribes and urban tribal

programs across the country for a 3-year period.

This program will be implemented by the current grantee, the

American Indian Development Associates. No additional applications will

be solicited in FY 1999.

TeenSupreme Career Preparation Initiative

In FY 1998, OJJDP, in partnership with the U.S. Department of

Labor's

[[Page 37293]]

(DOL's) Employment and Training Administration, provided funding

support to the Boys & Girls Clubs of America for demonstration and

evaluation of the TeenSupreme Career Preparation Initiative. This

initiative provides employment training and other related services to

at-risk youth through local Boys & Girls Clubs with TeenSupreme

Centers. In FY 1998, DOL funds supported program staffing in the

existing 41 TeenSupreme Centers, provided intensive training and

technical assistance to each site, and provided administrative and

staffing support to this program from the national office. OJJDP funds

supported the evaluation component of the program, which is to be

implemented by an independent evaluator.

This jointly funded Department of Labor and OJJDP initiative will

be implemented by the Boys & Girls Clubs of America. No additional

applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

Training and Technical Assistance for National Innovations To Reduce

Disproportionate Minority Confinement (The Deborah Ann Wysinger

Memorial Program)

In FY 1997, recognizing the continued need to improve the ability

of States and local jurisdictions to address disproportionate

confinement of minority juveniles, OJJDP awarded a competitive grant to

Cygnus Corporation to implement a 3-year national training, technical

assistance, and information dissemination initiative. Since the 1988

reauthorization of the JJDP Act, State Formula Grants program plans

have addressed disproportionate minority confinement (DMC). OJJDP's DMC

funding efforts have included a competitive award to demonstrate model

approaches in five State pilot sites (Arizona, Florida, Iowa, North

Carolina, and Oregon) and an award to a national contractor to provide

technical assistance to the pilot sites and other States. In addition,

OJJDP made funds available to nonpilot States that had completed data

gathering and assessment to use for innovative DMC projects.

This project will be implemented by the current grantee, Cygnus

Corporation, Inc. No additional applications will be solicited in FY

1999.

Training and Technical Support for State and Local Jurisdictional Teams

To Focus on Juvenile Corrections and Detention Overcrowding

Through systemic change within local juvenile detention systems or

statewide juvenile corrections systems, this project seeks to reduce

overcrowding in facilities where juveniles are held. Competitively

awarded in FY 1994 to the National Juvenile Detention Association

(NJDA), in partnership with the San Francisco Youth Law Center, the

project provides training and technical assistance materials for use by

State and local jurisdictional teams. NJDA selected three jurisdictions

(Camden, New Jersey; Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; and the Rhode Island

Juvenile Corrections System) for onsite development, implementation,

and testing of procedures to reduce crowding. Of the original sites

selected, Oklahoma City has completed its work. The grantee is

exploring additional sites for comprehensive training and technical

assistance in FY 1999.

This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the

National Juvenile Detention Association. No additional applications

will be solicited in FY 1999.

Child Abuse and Neglect and Dependency Courts

National Evaluation of the Safe Kids/Safe Streets Program

OJJDP will continue funding the grant competitively awarded in FY

1997 to Westat, Inc., Rockville, MD, for a national evaluation to

document and explicate the process of community mobilization, planning,

and collaboration that has taken place before and during the Safe Kids/

Safe Streets awards; to inform program staff of performance levels on

an ongoing basis; and to determine the effectiveness of the implemented

programs in achieving the goals of the Safe Kids/Safe Streets program.

The initial 18-month grant began a process evaluation and determined

the feasibility of an impact evaluation.

This evaluation will be implemented by the current grantee, Westat,

Inc. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

Safe Kids/Safe Streets: Community Approaches to Reducing Abuse and

Neglect and Preventing Delinquency

This 5\1/2\ year demonstration program is designed to foster

coordinated community responses to child abuse and neglect. Several

components of the Office of Justice Programs joined in FY 1996 to

develop this coordinated program response to break the cycle of early

childhood victimization and later criminality and to reduce child abuse

and neglect and resulting child fatalities. OJJDP awarded competitive

cooperative agreements in FY 1997 to five sites (National Children's

Advocacy Center, Huntsville, Alabama; the Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of

Chippewa Indians, Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan; Heart of America United

Way, Kansas City, Missouri; Toledo Hospital Children's Medical Center,

Toledo, Ohio; and the Community Network for Children, Youth and Family

Services, Chittenden County, Vermont). Funds were provided by OJJDP,

the Executive Office for Weed and Seed, and the Violence Against Women

Grants Office.

In FY 1999, continuation awards will be made to each of the current

demonstration sites. No additional applications will be solicited in FY

1999.

Dated: June 29, 1999.

Shay Bilchik,

Administrator, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.

[FR Doc. 99-17390 Filed 7-8-99; 8:45 am]

BILLING CODE 4410-18-P