Side Impact Anthropomorphic Test Dummy

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

49 CFR Part 572

[Docket No. NHTSA-97-3144]

RIN 2127-AG74

Side Impact Anthropomorphic Test Dummy

ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking.

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SUMMARY: This notice proposes specifications and qualification

requirements for a newly-developed anthropomorphic test dummy. The

dummy would be used in compliance testing under an earlier companion

proposal to amend the standard on head impact protection. The earlier

proposal would facilitate the introduction of dynamic side impact

protection devices by permitting vehicle manufacturers to comply with

alternative performance requirements. To demonstrate compliance with

those requirements, that proposal specifies a dynamic crash test which

uses the new dummy.

DATES: Comment closing date: Comments on this notice must be received

by NHTSA no later than January 22 1998.

ADDRESSES: Any comments should refer to the docket and notice number of

this notice and be submitted (preferably in 10 copies) to: U.S.

Department of Transportation, Docket Management Room PL-401, 400

Seventh Street, SW., Washington, DC 20590.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:

The following persons at the National Highway Traffic Safety

Administration, 400 Seventh Street, SW., Washington, DC 20590:

For non-legal issues: Stan Backaitis, Office of Crashworthiness

Standards, NPS-11, telephone (202) 366-4912, facsimile (202) 366-4329,

electronic mail ``[email protected]''.

For legal issues: Otto Matheke, Office of the Chief Counsel, NCC-

20, telephone (202) 366-5253, facsimile (202) 366-3820, electronic mail

``[email protected]''.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. Background

This proposal supplements an earlier proposal previously published

in the Federal Register that would amend Federal Motor Vehicle Safety

Standard (FMVSS) No. 201, Head Impact Protection. [62 FR 45202] The

earlier companion proposal would facilitate the introduction of dynamic

side impact protection devices by permitting vehicle manufacturers to

comply with alternative performance requirements. To demonstrate

compliance with those requirements, that proposal specifies a dynamic

crash test. In the test, a vehicle would be propelled sideways at a

speed of 29 km/h (18 mph) into a 254 mm (10 inch) rigid pole. An

anthropomorphic test dummy would be in the outboard front seat on the

struck side of the vehicle. This notice proposes the specifications and

calibration requirements for that test dummy.

The dummy proposed in this notice is based on two existing dummies,

the part 572, subpart F anthropomorphic test device (Side Impact Dummy

or SID) that is used in testing under FMVSS 214, Side Impact

Protection, and the part 572, subpart E anthropomorphic test device

(Hybrid III or HIII) that is used in testing under FMVSS 208, Occupant

Crash Protection. The proposed dummy would combine the head and neck of

the Hybrid III (HIII) with the torso and extremities of the Side Impact

Dummy (SID) through the use of a redesigned neck bracket. The agency

tentatively concludes that the resulting SID/HIII dummy would be

operational and adequate for use in the proposed rule.

II. Agency Proposal

The specifications for the proposed side impact dummy would consist

of (1) a drawing package containing all of the technical details of the

neck bracket used for mating the SID torso with the HIII head and neck

assembly, (2) a parts list, and (3) a SID/HIII user manual containing

instructions for inspection, assembly, disassembly, use, and

adjustments of dummy components. These drawings and specifications

would ensure that the dummies would be the same in their construction.

The performance calibration tests proposed in this NPRM would serve to

assure that the SID/HIII responses are within the established

biomechanical corridors and further assure the uniformity of dummy

assembly, structural integrity, and adequacy of instrumentation. As a

result, the repeatability of the dummy's performance in dynamic testing

would be ensured.

The dummy would be instrumented with an accelerometer array for

measurement of accelerations in the head during impacts. The rule would

specify the manner and location of installation of sensors to reduce

variability in their measurements that might otherwise result from

differences in location and mounting.

[[Page 64547]]

Drawings and specifications for the SID/HIII are available for

examination in the NHTSA Docket Section. Copies of those materials and

the user manual may also be obtained from Reprographic Technologies,

9000 Virginia Manor Road, Beltsville, Md. 20705, tel. (301) 210-5600.

In addition, an engineering drawing for the neck bracket and the neck

brackets themselves are available on a short term loan basis from the

NHTSA Vehicle Research and Test Center, East Liberty, Ohio 43319, tel.

(937) 666-4511.

A. Description

On August 26, 1997, NHTSA published a notice of proposed rulemaking

[62 FR 45202] containing amendments to Standard No. 201. The proposed

amendments, offered in an effort to provide maximum flexibility to

manufacturers in developing dynamic head protection systems, include an

optional test procedure incorporating a full scale side impact test

with a 29 km/h (18 mph) side impact into a 254 mm (10 inch) rigid pole.

In this test, the subject vehicle would be propelled into the pole so

that the pole would impact at the center of gravity of the head of a

seated dummy positioned on the designated front outboard seating

position of the struck side.

Since the free motion headform (FMH) used in Standard 201 testing

cannot be used for evaluating HIC in such an impact and the Hybrid III

head and neck assembly appears to be the most biofidelic test device

currently available for evaluating head injury in side impacts, the

agency is proposing that the Hybrid III head and neck be used with the

existing SID dummy for this test. The Hybrid III head and neck

currently provides the best means for evaluating head injury in this

test while the use of the SID torso affords an opportunity to collect

meaningful data relating to thoracic injuries.

The SID (part 572; subpart F) body and lower extremities would be

combined with the Hybrid III (part 572; subpart E) head and neck

assembly to form a new dummy test device called SID/HIII (part 572;

subpart M). The SID/HIII at 170 lbs is approximately 1.2 lbs heavier

than the SID, due to the incremental weight increase of the Hybrid III

neck component and the new neck bracket. However, the SID/HIII is

approximately 2.0 lbs lighter than the Hybrid III 50th percentile dummy

(172 lbs +/-2.4 lbs). Therefore, the weight of the SID/HIII dummy would

be within the limits of the existing SID and Hybrid III dummies. The

new neck bracket is designed so that the seating height of the SID and

the SID/HIII would be nearly identical. To accommodate the new neck

bracket, the design of the existing upper and middle shoulder foam pads

were revised from one piece to two piece right and left mirror image

designs without altering either the padding's peripheral shape and its

thickness or its attachment to the torso. Relative to the SID, the head

center of gravity (head CG) of the SID/HIII is, however, 0.75 inch

higher and 0.25 inch more forward when the Hybrid III head/neck

assembly is mounted to the SID torso using the new neck bracket. This

change also more correctly reflects the head and neck orientation of a

seated occupant. As discussed in the Preliminary Regulatory Evaluation

(PRE) for the earlier companion proposal to amend Standard 201, agency

test data established that this minor discrepancy of the head CG

location would not have any significant effect on the HIC, TTI and

Pelvis-G responses. Detailed descriptions of the SID/HIII dummy test

device are given in the proposed part 572, subpart M, S572.110 through

S572.116.

B. Biofidelity of the SID/HIII Dummy in Lateral Impact

The agency has tentatively concluded that the Hybrid III head and

neck is the most biofidelic configuration now available for assessing

injuries to the head and neck in side impacts. That conclusion was

based on testing of the three side impact dummies; BioSid,

\1\ EuroSid and SID. The testing was performed in 1990 by

two GM researchers (Mertz and Irwin) using the latest biofidelity test

conditions and requirements agreed to by Working Group 5 of ISO/T22/

SC12 at that time. A total of 4 sets of tests were performed. Because

BioSid uses the Hybrid III head and neck assembly, the test data

generated to verify the lateral impact response characteristics of the

BioSid head/neck system are believed by NHTSA to be useful in

predicting the performance of the SID/HIII dummy.

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\1\ The BioSid dummy was developed in response to concerns

regarding the SID and EuroSid dummies. It was developed by a Side

Impact Dummy Task Force created under the sponsorship of the Society

of Automotive Engineers Human Biomechanics and Simulation Standards

Commitee (SAE-HBSSC).

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The agency's review of these tests, which is discussed in greater

detail in the PRE prepared for the August 26, 1997 NPRM proposing

changes to Standard 201, indicates that the Hybrid III head-neck

assembly has sufficient biofidelity for assessing side impact

protection. Using the ISO/SC12/WG5 methodology and biofidelity rating

system for the assessment of the various body segments, NHTSA rates the

SID/HIII dummy ``Fair'' for side impact application purposes. In

comparison, the BioSid received a ``Fair'' rating while the SID and the

EuroSid were both deemed to be ``Marginal.'' None of the dummies

evaluated received a rating greater than ``Fair''--which exceeds the

ISO/SC12/WG5 recommended acceptable level for a dummy test device.

Although a better side impact dummy may be developed in the future,

based on the above analysis, NHTSA tentatively concludes that, for the

immediate future, the SID/HIII is a sufficient and an acceptable test

device to evaluate the risk of injury to the head in case of a side

impact.

C. Test Results of the SID/HIII Dummy

(1) Repeatability and Reproducibility Tests

In 1990, NHTSA issued a final rule amending FMVSS No. 214 to

require full scale side crash tests to evaluate side impact protection

of passenger vehicles. The rule specified the use of the SID dummy as a

human surrogate to assess the risk of injury in side crashes. Two

alternative dummy development efforts, the EuroSid-1 and the BioSid,

were in progress at that time. The BioSid uses the Hybrid III head/neck

system. NHTSA evaluated the BioSid in 1988 and compared its performance

to the SID. A series of lateral impact calibration tests were performed

in 1990 using two BioSid dummies. It was concluded that the calibration

responses of the BioSid are both repeatable and reproducible to within

the response boundaries generally accepted for anthropomorphic test

dummies. The results of the lateral head drop tests and lateral neck

pendulum tests of those two BioSid dummies are listed in Table IV-8 of

the PRE prepared for the August 26, 1997 NPRM proposing amendments to

Standard 201. The agency also conducted two additional lateral head

drop tests and five neck pendulum tests using the head/neck components

of a third dummy. The test results also are listed in Table IV-8 of the

PRE.

Based on those test data, the repeatability of the dummy head/neck

certification response was found to be exceptionally good. The

coefficient of variation for each dummy component is extremely small,

ranging from 0.97 percent to 2.6 percent. The reproducibility of the

head/neck system response of the two BioSid dummies that were

manufactured by one manufacturer at the same period of time is also

excellent because the coefficient of variation is within the 5 percent

norm. When the test data of the third dummy is added for the

reproducibility

[[Page 64548]]

evaluation, the coefficient of variation of the neck rotation angle in

lateral bending motion increases to approximately 5.5 percent which is

just slightly outside the range of the ``excellent'' reproducibility

rating. It is within the ``good'' reproducibility rating that is

generally defined by a coefficient of variation ranging between 5

percent and 10 percent. Although as a result of the additional dummy

test the deviations of the head acceleration and the neck moment

responses also increase, they are still within the ``excellent''

reproducibility rating range.

(2) Durability Tests

BMW recently conducted a series of side-to-pole impact tests to

assess the effectiveness of its inflatable tubular structure (ITS)

system in side impact protection. On April 19, 1996, BMW submitted its

confidential test data to NHTSA as part of the BMW comments on the

ANPRM announcing the proposed amendments to Standard 201. [61 FR 9136]

The dummy test device used in the BMW ITS evaluation tests is a SID

dummy with the Hybrid III head/neck system whose seated height is

approximately 0.75 inches higher than that of the SID. However, it was

also noted that the head CG of the BMW dummy was about 1.5 inches

higher than that of the SID dummy.

It is possible that a taller seated dummy, particularly whose head

CG is substantially higher, may exhibit modified head/neck kinematics

and/or dynamic responses in a lateral impact, which could lead to the

design of different head protection systems. The agency tentatively

concludes that it is reasonable to modify the existing neck bracket in

order to maintain the dummy's seated height within the range of heights

of 50th percentile male dummies. For this reason, the NHTSA modified

neck bracket provides a means to approximate the original SID seated

height and the head/neck posture while minimizing the increase in the

height of the head CG of the SID/HIII dummy by approximately 0.75 inch.

Inasmuch as the above changes minimize the dimensional and mass

distribution deviations from the currently specified SID, the new neck

bracket is included in the construction of the SID/HIII dummy.

A total of nine sled lateral impact tests were conducted by NHTSA

to assess the durability of the new neck bracket and its potential

effects on dummy responses. The sled buck consisted of a bench seat

with low friction surfaces and two rigid loading plates on the impacted

side at the lateral end of the seat. The lower plate was up to the

dummy's shoulder height and was covered with 4 inch thick cushion

(Ethafoam LC 220). The non-padded upper plate was at the head height

level.

In each test, the SID/HIII was seated on the bench with the torso

in an upright position. The sled buck was oriented at a right angle to

the direction of sled travel and accelerated to a speed of 18 mph. The

direction of motion of the dummy was horizontal, parallel to the

seating surface and perpendicular to and toward the loading plates. The

test matrix consisted of three tests each for the Part 572 Subpart F

SID dummy, the SID with the Hybrid III head/neck using the Subpart F

neck bracket, and the SID/HIII dummy with the new neck bracket.

The test results, contained in Table IV-10 of the PRE prepared for

the August 26, 1997 NPRM proposing amendments to Standard 201, indicate

that the proposed new neck bracket is structurally sufficient and

durable for the intended purpose. There was no sign of bracket damage

in head impacts producing a HIC value as high as approximately 5,000.

This impact severity is beyond the norm of the head-to-upper interior

impact test responses. Most important, the new neck bracket would bring

the head height down to the normal range of the 50th percentile male

seated dummy and does not have significant effects on the HIC, TTI and

pelvis-g responses.

D. Proposed Calibration Tests

The agency proposes that the following calibration test

specifications and procedures, which make use of the existing dummy

test fixtures and equipment, be adopted for the SID/HIII:

1. Head Drop Test Specifications

The head is dropped from 200 mm onto a flat, steel plate such that

its midsagittal plane makes a 35 degree angle with respect to the

impact surface and its anterior-posterior axis is horizontal. When the

dummy head is dropped in accordance with the above test procedure, the

following specifications are to be met:

a. The resultant acceleration of the center of gravity of the head

shall be between 120 and 150 G.

b. The resultant acceleration-time curve shall be unimodal such

that no oscillation after the main acceleration peak shall exceed 15

percent of the peak resultant head acceleration.

c. The longitudinal acceleration component shall not exceed 15 G.

2. Neck Pendulum Test Specifications

The proposed test procedure is similar to the Hybrid III neck test,

except the entire head/neck assembly is rotated 90 degrees when

attached to the neck pendulum. The pendulum is identical to that used

in the Hybrid III neck calibration tests and the impact velocity is

between 6.89 and 7.13 m/s. When the neck is tested in accordance with

the proposed test procedure, the following specifications are to be

met:

a. The pendulum deceleration pulse is to be characterized in terms

of its change (decrease) in velocity as obtained by integrating the

pendulum accelerometer output.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Time (ms) Pendulum Delta-V (m/s)

------------------------------------------------------------------------

10...................................... 1.96 to 2.55.

20...................................... 4.12 to 5.10.

30...................................... 5.73 to 7.01.

40 to 70................................ 6.27 to 7.64.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

b. The maximum rotation of the midsagittal plane of the head shall

be 64 to 78 degrees with respect to the pendulum. The decaying head

rotation vs. time curve shall cross the zero angle between 50 to 70 ms

after reaching its peak value.

c. The moment about the x-axis which lies in the midsagittal plane

of the head at the level of the occipital condyles shall have a maximum

value between 88 and 108 Nm. The decaying moment vs. time curve shall

first cross zero moment between 40 and 60 ms after reaching its peak

value.

The following formula is to be used to calculate the moment about

the occipital condyles when using the six-axis neck transducer:

M=Mx+0.01778 Fy

Where Mx and Fy are the moment and force measured by the transducer

and expressed in terms of Nm and N, respectively.

d. The maximum rotation of the head with respect to the pendulum

shall occur between 0 and 20 ms after peak moment.

3. Temperature Sensitivity and Time Between Tests

The calibration test specifications for the Hybrid III head and

neck components apply. The lateral head drop tests would be conducted

at 18.9-25.6 degrees C at a relative humidity from 10-70 percent. The

lateral neck pendulum tests would be conducted at 20.6-22.2 degrees C

at a relative humidity from 10-70 percent.

The head and neck components would be soaked at these conditions

for at least four hours before testing. A waiting period of two hours

would be required between two consecutive tests using the same head

component. A waiting period of at least thirty (30)

[[Page 64549]]

minutes would be required between successive tests on the same neck.

III. Rulemaking Analyses and Notices

A. Executive Order 12291 (Federal Regulation) and DOT Regulatory

Polices and Procedures

This notice was not reviewed pursuant to E.O. 12866, ``Regulatory

Planning and Review.'' NHTSA has considered the impacts of this

rulemaking action and determined that it is not significant within the

meaning of the Department of Transportation's regulatory policies and

procedures.

The proposed amendments would not require any vehicle design

changes but would instead only specify the construction of a new neck

bracket to join existing components to create the test dummies used to

evaluate a vehicle's compliance with Standard No. 201 under one of

three test options. The agency believes that the cost of the new neck

bracket is approximately $200 to $300. The neck bracket is the only new

hardware that would be required for those already employing the SID and

HIII dummies for compliance testing to standards other than Standard

201. Costs associated with the use of the proposed SID/HIII in the

optional side impact test proposed in the August 26, 1997 NPRM are

estimated to be $1,750 for calibration tests for the head, neck, lumbar

spine, thorax and pelvis. Therefore, the impacts of the proposed

amendments would be so minimal that a full regulatory evaluation is not

required.

The agency has prepared a Preliminary Regulatory Evaluation

describing the economic and other effects of the rulemaking action

proposing amendments to Standard No. 201 requiring the use of this

proposed test dummy. Summary discussions of many of those effects are

provided above. For persons wishing to examine the full analysis, a

copy is being placed in the docket.

B. Regulatory Flexibility Act

The Regulatory Flexibility Act of 1980 (Public Law 96-354) requires

each agency to evaluate the potential effects of a proposed rule on

small businesses. Modifications to dummy designs affect motor vehicle

manufacturers, few of which are small entities. The Small Business

Administration (SBA) has set size standards for determining if a

business within a specific industrial classification is a small

business. The Standard Industrial Classification code used by the SBA

for Motor Vehicles and Passenger Car Bodies (3711) defines a small

manufacturer as one having 1,000 employees or less.

Very few single stage manufacturers of motor vehicles within the

United States have 1,000 or fewer employees. Those that do are not

likely to perform testing that would require use of the SID/HIII test

device and would be much more likely to contract with a larger

manufacturer or a test facility to perform such testing. For this

reason, NHTSA believes that this proposal would not have a significant

impact on any small business.

C. Paperwork Reduction Act

In accordance with the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980 (Public Law

96-511), there are no requirements for information collection

associated with this proposed rule.

D. National Environmental Policy Act

NHTSA has also analyzed this proposed rule under the National

Environmental Policy Act and determined that it would not have a

significant impact on the human environment.

E. Executive Order 12612 (Federalism) and Unfunded Mandates Act

NHTSA has analyzed this proposal in accordance with the principles

and criteria contained in E.O. 12612, and has determined that this

proposed rule would not have significant federalism implications to

warrant the preparation of a Federalism Assessment.

In issuing this proposal for specifications to create a new test

dummy by joining components of two existing dummies with a new neck

bracket, the agency notes, for the purposes of the Unfunded Mandates

Act, that it is pursuing the least cost alternative. Also, as noted

above, this test device will be used if a manufacturer chooses one of

three options to test for compliance with Standard 201. As the

selection of that option would not be required by this proposal or by

the earlier companion proposal, and as this rulemaking does not require

use of this new test dummy, this rulemaking does not impose new costs.

While manufacturers choosing to test for compliance under the optional

tests requiring use of the proposed test dummy would incur additional

costs, these costs would be negligible.

F. Civil Justice Reform

This proposed rule would not have any retroactive effect. Under 49

U.S.C. 30103, whenever a Federal motor vehicle safety standard is in

effect, a State may not adopt or maintain a safety standard applicable

to the same aspect of performance which is not identical to the Federal

standard, except to the extent that the state requirement imposes a

higher level of performance and applies only to vehicles procured for

the State's use. 49 U.S.C. 30161 sets forth a procedure for judicial

review of final rules establishing, amending or revoking Federal motor

vehicle safety standards. That section does not require submission of a

petition for reconsideration or other administrative proceedings before

parties may file suit in court.

Submission of Comments

Interested persons are invited to submit comments on the proposal.

It is requested but not required that 10 copies be submitted.

All comments must not exceed 15 pages in length. (49 CFR 553.21).

Necessary attachments may be appended to these submissions without

regard to the 15-page limit. This limitation is intended to encourage

commenters to detail their primary arguments in a concise fashion.

If a commenter wishes to submit certain information under a claim

of confidentiality, three copies of the complete submission, including

purportedly confidential business information, should be submitted to

the Chief Counsel, NHTSA, at the street address given above, and seven

copies from which the purportedly confidential information has been

deleted should be submitted to the Docket Section. A request for

confidentiality should be accompanied by a cover letter setting forth

the information specified in the agency's confidential business

information regulation. 49 CFR part 512.

All comments received before the close of business on the comment

closing date indicated above for the proposal will be considered, and

will be available for examination in the docket at the above address

both before and after that date. To the extent possible, comments filed

after the closing date will also be considered. Comments received too

late for consideration in regard to the final rule will be considered

as suggestions for further rulemaking action. Comments on the proposal

will be available for inspection in the docket. NHTSA will continue to

file relevant information as it becomes available in the docket after

the closing date, and it is recommended that interested persons

continue to examine the docket for new material.

Those persons desiring to be notified upon receipt of their

comments in the rules docket should enclose a self-addressed, stamped

postcard in the envelope with their comments. Upon

[[Page 64550]]

receiving the comments, the docket supervisor will return the postcard

by mail.

List of Subjects in 49 CFR Part 572

Motor vehicle safety, Incorporation by reference.

In consideration of the foregoing, it is proposed that 49 CFR part

572 be amended as follows:

PART 572--[AMENDED]

1. The authority citation for Part 572 of Title 49 would continue

to read as follows:

Authority: 49 U.S.C. 322, 30111, 30115, 30117, and 30166;

delegation of authority at 49 CFR 1.50.

2. A new Subpart M, consisting of sections 572.110 through 572.116

would be added to read as follows:

Subpart M--Side Impact Hybrid Dummy 50th Percentile Male

Sec.

572.110 Incorporated materials.

572.111 General description.

572.112 Head assembly.

572.113 Neck assembly.

572.114 Thorax.

572.115 Lumbar spine and pelvis.

572.116 Instrumentation and test conditions.

Subpart M--Side Impact Hybrid Dummy 50th Percentile Male

Sec. 572.110 Incorporated materials.

(a) The drawings, specifications, and manual referred to in this

subpart that are not set forth in full are hereby incorporated in this

part by reference. These materials are thereby made part of this

subpart.

(b) The materials incorporated in this part by reference are

available for examination in the general reference section of Docket

No. 88-07, Docket Section, National Highway Traffic Safety

Administration, Room 5109, 400 Seventh Street, SW, Washington, DC.

Sec. 572.111 General description.

(a) The dummy consists of component parts and component assemblies

defined in drawing SA-SIDH3-M001, dated 4/19/1997, which are described

in approximately 200 drawings and specifications that are set forth in

Secs. 572.32, 572.33 and 572.41(a)(3), (4), (5) and (6), and in the

drawing of the Adaptor Bracket 96-SIDH3-001.

(1) The head assembly consists of the assembly specified in subpart

E (Sec. 572.32) and conforms to each of the drawings subtended under

drawing 78051-61X rev. C.

(2) The neck assembly consists of the assembly specified in subpart

E (Sec. 572.33) and conforms to each of the drawings subtended under

drawing 78051-90 rev. A.

(3) The thorax assembly consists of the assembly shown as number

SID 053 and conforms to each applicable drawing subtended by number SA-

SID M030 rev. A.

(4) The lumbar spine consists of the assembly specified in subpart

B (Sec. 572.9(a)) and conforms to drawing SA 150 M050 and drawings

subtended by SA-SID M050 rev. A.

(5) The abdomen and pelvis consist of the assembly specified in

subpart B (Sec. 572.9) and conform to the drawings subtended by SA 150

M060, the drawings subtended by SA 150 M060 rev. A and the drawings

subtended by SA-SID-087 sheet 1 rev. H, and SA-SID-87 sheet 2 rev. H.

(6) The lower limbs consist of the assemblies specified in subpart

B (Sec. 572.10) shown as SA 150 M080 and SA 150 M081 in Figure 1 and

SA-SID-M080 and SA-SID-M081 and conform to the drawings subtended by

those numbers.

(7) The neck mounting adaptor bracket conforms to drawing 96-SIDH3-

001.

(8) Upper and middle shoulder foams conform to drawing 96-SIDH3-

006.

(b) The structural properties of the dummy are such that the dummy

conforms to the specifications of this Subpart in every respect both

before and after being used in vehicle tests specified in Standard No.

201.

(c) Disassembly, inspection and assembly procedures, external

dimensions, weight and drawing list are set forth in the SIDH3 User's

Manual, dated May 1997.

(d) Sign convention for signal outputs is given in the reference

document SAE J1733 of 1994-12, ``Sign Convention for Vehicle Crash

Testing'', SAE, Warrendale, Pa.

Sec. 572.112 Head assembly.

The head assembly consists of the head (drawing 78051-61X, rev. C)

with the neck transducer structural replacement (drawing 78051-383X,

rev. P) and three (3) accelerometers that are mounted in conformance to

S572.36(c).

(a) Test Procedure. (1) Soak the head assembly in a test

environment at any temperature between 18.9 to 25.6 degrees C. (66 to

78 degrees F.) and at a relative humidity from 10 percent to 70 percent

for a period of at least four (4) hours prior to its application in a

test.

(2) Clean the impact surface of the head skin and impact plate

surface with 1,1,1 trichloroethane or equivalent prior to the test.

(3) Suspend the head, as shown in Figure 51, so that the

midsagittal plane makes an angle of 35 +/-1 degrees with the impact

surface and its anterior-posterior axis is horizontal +/-1 degree.

(4) Drop the head from a height of 200 +/-0.25 mm (7.87 +/-0.01

inches), measured from the lowest point on the head, by a means that

ensures a smooth, clean release into a rigidly supported flat

horizontal steel plate, which is 50 +/-2 mm thick and 610 +/-10 mm

square. The plate shall have a clear, dry surface and has any

microfinish of 8 to 80 microinch/inch rms.

(5) Allow at least two (2) hours between successive tests on the

same head.

(b) Performance Criteria. (1) When the head assembly is dropped in

accordance with S572.112(a), the measured peak resultant acceleration

shall be between 120 and 150 G's.

(2) The resultant acceleration-time curve shall be unimodal to the

extent that oscillations occurring after the main acceleration pulse

shall not exceed 15 percent (zero to peak) of the main pulse. The

longitudinal acceleration vector shall not exceed 15 G's.

BILLING CODE 4910-59-P

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[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP08DE97.002

BILLING CODE 4910-59-C

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Sec. 572.113 Neck assembly.

The head/neck assembly (consisting of the parts 78051-61X, rev. C;

-84; -90, rev. A; -94; -98; -104, revision F; -303, rev. E; -305; -306;

-307, rev. X) which has a six axis neck transducer (drawing C-1709,

revision D) installed in conformance with S572.36(d).

(a) Test Procedure. (1) Soak the head and neck assembly in a test

environment at any temperature between 20.6 to 22.2 degrees C. (69 to

72 degrees F.) and at a relative humidity from 10 percent to 70 percent

for a period of at least four (4) hours prior to its application in a

test.

(2) Torque the jamnut (78051-64) on the neck cable (78051-301, rev.

E) to 1.35+/-0.27 Nm (1.0 +/-0.2 ft-lb) before each test.

(3) Using neck brackets 78051-303 and -307, mount the head/neck

assembly to the part 572 pendulum test fixture (see S572.33, Figure 22)

so that the midsagittal plane of the head is vertical and perpendicular

to the plane of motion of the pendulum's longitudinal centerline (see

S572.33, Figure 20, except that the direction of the head/neck assembly

is rotated around the superior-inferior axis by an angle of 90

degrees). Install suitable transducers or other devices necessary for

measuring the ``D'' plane (horizontal surface at the base of the skull)

rotation with respect to the pendulum's longitudinal centerline. The

rotation can be measured by placing a transducer at the occipital

condyles and another at the intersection of the centerline of the neck

and the line extending from the base of the neck as shown in Figure 52.

(4) Allow the neck to flex without the head or neck contacting any

object.

(5) Release the pendulum and allow it to fall freely from a height

to achieve an impact velocity of 6.89 to 7.13 m/s (22.6 to 23.4 ft/sec)

measured at the center of the pendulum accelerometer.

(6) Time zero is defined as the time of initial contact between the

striker plate and the pendulum deceleration medium.

(7) Allow a period of at least thirty (30) minutes between

successive tests on the same neck assembly.

(b) Performance Criteria. (1) The pendulum deceleration pulse is to

be characterized in terms of decrease in velocity as obtained by

integrating the pendulum acceleration output.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Time (ms) Pendulum Delta-V (m/s)

------------------------------------------------------------------------

10...................................... 1.96 to 2.55.

20...................................... 4.12 to 5.10.

30...................................... 5.73 to 7.01.

40 to 70................................ 6.27 to 7.64.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

(2) The maximum rotation of the midsagittal plane of the head shall

be 64 to 78 degrees with respect to the pendulum's longitudinal

centerline. The decaying head rotation vs. time curve shall cross the

zero angle between 50 to 70 ms after reaching its peak value.

(3) The moment about the x-axis which coincides with the

midsagittal plane of the head at the level of the occipital condyles

shall have a maximum value between 88 and 108 Nm. The decaying moment

vs. time curve shall first cross zero moment between 40 and 60 ms after

reaching its peak value. The following formula is to be used to

calculate the moment about the occipital condyles when using the six-

axis neck transducer:

M=Mx+0.01778 Fy

Where Mx and Fy are the moment and force measured by the transducer

and expressed in terms of Nm and N, respectively.

(4) The maximum rotation of the head with respect to the pendulum's

longitudinal centerline shall occur between 0 and 20 ms after peak

moment.

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Sec. 572.114 Thorax.

The specifications and test procedure for the thorax are identical

to those set forth in Sec. 572.42.

Sec. 572.115 Lumbar spine and pelvis.

The specifications and test procedure for the lumbar spine and

pelvis are identical to those set forth in Sec. 572.43.

Sec. 572.116 Instrumentation and test conditions.

(a) The test probe for lateral thoracic and pelvis impact tests are

the same as those specified in S572.44(a).

(b) Accelerometer mounting in thorax is the same as specified in

S572.44(b).

(c) Accelerometer mounting in pelvis is the same as specified in

S572.44(c).

(d) Head Accelerometer mounting is the same as specified in

S572.36(c).

(e) Neck transducer mounting is the same as specified in

S752.36(d).

(f) Instrumentation and sensors used must conform to the

Recommended Practice SAE J-211 (Mar 1995)--Instrumentation for Impact

Test.

(g) The mountings for the spine, rib and pelvis accelerometers

shall have no resonance frequency within a range of 3 times the

frequency range of the applicable channel class.

(h) Limb joints of the test dummy are set at the force between 1 to

2 g's, which just supports the limb's weight when the limbs are

extended horizontally forward. The force required to move a limb

segment does not exceed 2 g's throughout the range of the limb motion.

(i) Performance tests are conducted at any temperature from 20.6 to

22.2 degrees C. (69 to 72 degrees F.) and at any relative humidity from

10 percent to 70 percent after exposure of the dummy to those

conditions for a period of at least four (4) hours.

(j) For the performance of tests specified in S572.42 and S572.43,

the dummy is positioned the same as specified in S572.44(h).

Issued on November 26, 1997.

L. Robert Shelton,

Associate Administrator for Safety Performance Standards.

[FR Doc. 97-31611 Filed 12-5-97; 8:45 am]

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