Energy Conservation Program for Consumer Products: Test Procedure for Clothes Washers and Reporting Requirements for Clothes Washers, Clothes Dryers, and Dishwashers

DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy

10 CFR Part 430

[Docket No. EE-RM-94-230A]

Energy Conservation Program for Consumer Products: Test Procedure

for Clothes Washers and Reporting Requirements for Clothes Washers,

Clothes Dryers, and Dishwashers

AGENCY: Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department of

Energy.

ACTION: Supplemental Notice of Proposed Rulemaking.

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SUMMARY: The Department of Energy (DOE or Department) today is issuing

a supplemental notice of proposed rulemaking to expand the scope of the

Department's proposed rule to amend the clothes washer test procedure

used to test for compliance with the existing energy conservation

standard. The Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers (AHAM)

recommended an additional new test procedure that would apply to the

anticipated future clothes washer energy conservation standards. The

Department is reopening the comment period on its proposed rule to seek

comments on whether it should adopt the AHAM recommended test

procedure, with certain changes.

DATES: Written comments in response to this notice must be received by

June 6, 1996.

ADDRESSES: Written comments, 10 copies, are to be submitted to: U.S.

Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy,

EE-43, Room 1J-018, ``Test Procedure for Clothes Washers and Reporting

Requirements for Clothes Washers, Clothes Dryers, and Dishwashers,''

Docket No. EE-RM-94-230A, Forrestal Building, 1000 Independence Avenue

SW., Washington, DC 20585, (202)-586-7574.

Copies of the transcript of the public hearing and the public

comments received on the proposed rule, may be read and/or photocopied

at the Department of Energy Freedom of Information Reading Room, U.S.

Department of Energy, Forrestal Building, Room 1E-190, 1000

Independence Avenue SW., Washington, DC 20585, (202) 586-6020 between

the hours of 9 a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal

holidays.

[[Page 17590]]

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:

P. Marc LaFrance, U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency and

Renewable Energy, Mail Station EE-43, Forrestal Building, 1000

Independence Avenue SW., Washington, DC 20585-0121, (202) 586-8423

Eugene Margolis, Esq., U.S. Department of Energy, Office of General

Counsel, Mail Station GC-72, Forrestal Building, 1000 Independence

Avenue, SW., Washington, DC 20585, (202) 586-9507

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. Introduction

II. Discussion

A. AHAM Recommended Test Procedure

Annual Energy Consumption

Capacity Measurement

Electrical Energy Supply

Remaining Moisture Content (RMC)

Sodium Hypochlorite Bleach

Suds-saver Provision

Temperature Use Factors

Test Cloth and Test Load

Uniformly Distributed Temperature Selections

Water-heating Clothes Washers

Water Consumption Factor

B. Related Matters

1. Potential Impacts/Changes to the Appendix J Test Procedure

Test Load Sizes

Water-heating Clothes Washers

Field Testing

2. Section 430.23, ``Test procedures for measures of energy

consumption,'' paragraph (j)

I. Introduction

On Thursday, March 23, 1995, the Department published a proposed

rule to amend the clothes washer test procedure. 60 FR 15330 (hereafter

referred to as the Notice of Proposed Rulemaking or NOPR). On July 12,

1995, a hearing on the proposed rule was held in Washington, DC.

The proposed amendment to the test procedure was based on the same

factual foundation as the existing test procedure and energy

conservation standards for clothes washers, so that the existing energy

conservation standard would not have to be adjusted. The Department

believes, however, that the existing test procedure currently

overstates the average annual energy consumption for clothes washers

because of changes in consumer habits since the current test procedure

was adopted.\1\ The Department had planned on initiating a subsequent

clothes washer test procedure rulemaking, at a later date, which would

take into account current consumer habits, and would be used as the

basis for considering revision of the clothes washer energy

conservation standards.\2\

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\1\ Proctor & Gamble data indicates a decrease in the use of hot

water and the number of cycles per year over time.

\2\ The second round of clothes washer standards rulemaking was

initiated by the publication of an Advance Notice of Proposed

Rulemaking (ANOPR), (59 FR 56423, November 14, 1994.)

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In response to the NOPR, AHAM submitted comments asking DOE to

adopt an additional new test procedure to take effect when new

standards take effect. The Department greatly appreciates AHAM's effort

in developing a new test procedure. The Department is considering

adopting the test procedure with certain revisions. The Department is

considering issuance of a final rule with two test procedures, to be

codified in Appendices ``J'' and ``J1'' in the Code of Federal

Regulations, title 10, part 430, Sec. 430.23. Appendix ``J'' would be a

revision of the current test procedure, would be consistent with the

existing standards, and would become effective 30 days after issuance

of the final rule. Appendix ``J1'', based on AHAM's test procedures,

would be used in the analysis and review of revised efficiency

standards, and would apply to any revised standards. At that time the

Department would amend its regulations to replace Appendix ``J'' with

Appendix ``J1.''

The Department solicits comments from the public at this time on

issues raised by the AHAM recommended test procedure and by the options

under consideration with respect to this proposal. In connection with

the reopening of the comment period, the Department is proposing

regulatory language for part 430, Sec. 430.23, Appendix J1.

II. Discussion

A. AHAM Recommended Test Procedure

AHAM recommended a test procedure for use and adoption during the

next round of clothes washer standards rulemaking. The AHAM test

procedure addresses current consumer usage habits which result in

approximately a 30 percent reduction in energy consumption from the

current test procedure. Discussed below are comments by the following

industry representatives: General Electric Company (GE), Maytag and

Admiral Products (Maytag), Speed Queen Company (Speed Queen), Whirlpool

Corporation (Whirlpool), and Miele Appliances Inc. (Miele), directed to

the AHAM test procedures, as well as industry comments that were

directed to the NOPR but that concern matters also covered by the AHAM

test procedure. In addition, AHAM provided copies of its clothes washer

test procedure to non-industry representatives who have been involved

with the residential appliance standards program. (AHAM, No. 8).\3\ The

Department received comments concerning the AHAM test procedure from

the Clorox Company (Clorox), the Proctor and Gamble Company (P&G), and

American Council for and Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE).

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\3\ Comments on the NOPR have been assigned docket numbers and

have been numbered consecutively. Statements that were presented at

the July 12, 1995, public hearing are identified as Testimony.

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Annual Energy Consumption

GE recommended that the Department incorporate into the AHAM test

procedure a table for the annual number of clothes washer cycles per

year based on the capacity of the clothes washer being tested for

determining annual energy consumption. GE's recommendation would in

essence specify a constant amount of clothing (in pounds) that is

washed per year per typical household. GE derived its table by

averaging P&G data for average wash loads used in ``regular'' and

``large'' capacity clothes washers. The GE table shows a range of

``Adjusted Annual Cycles (AAC)'' from 264 to 810 based on capacity.

(GE, No. 6 at 4). Maytag strongly opposes the GE recommendation

primarily because it states, ``there is no evidence that average load

size is a function of washer capacity. To the contrary, there is

evidence that wash load sizes are based on factors other than washer

capacity most of the time.'' (Maytag, No. 41 at 1).

The Department understands GE's purpose is to provide some type of

scale to adjust for the use of larger capacity machines. The Department

is proposing to reduce the number of annual cycles from 416 to 392, as

stated in the NOPR. The Department is aware that the number of annual

cycles has declined over time,\4\ while the shipment weighted average

capacity of clothes washers has increased over the same relative time

period.\5\ However, the Department believes that it is reasonable to

assume that the number of cycles for all sizes of clothes washers is

relatively constant and that families with large needs, based on

lifestyle or number of family members, purchase larger clothes washers

and families with smaller needs purchase smaller clothes washers. If

the GE table were to be employed it would result in the following

expected

[[Page 17591]]

consumer use cycles per year: using a 1.5 cubic foot compact clothes

washer, 517 cycles per year would be expected, whereas using a 3.2

cubic foot standard clothes washer, 298 cycles per year would be

expected.\6\ For the reasons indicated above, however, the Department

does not believe that there is such great variation in the average

usage of washers of different sizes. Moreover, the Department is not

aware of any data concerning current usage which establish that as the

capacity of a clothes washer increases, it is operated less frequently.

Therefore, the Department does not propose to incorporate a table to

allow for a variation in annual clothes washer cycles dependent upon

clothes washer capacity. The Department will reconsider this issue,

however, if it receives statistically valid data showing such a

variation.

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\4\ Proctor and Gamble letter of September 2, 1994 to DOE.

\5\ AHAM Major Home Appliance Industry Book published 1995.

\6\ These figures were derived by DOE from the GE proposed table

using the specified clothes washer capacities.

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Capacity Measurement

The AHAM recommended test procedure, as well as the current and

NOPR test procedures, require a test measurement of the clothes

container capacity. This capacity is defined as the volume which a dry

clothes load could occupy. This capacity is then used in the

calculation of the Energy Factor which is used to rate the efficiency

of clothes washers on a per load basis. The actual load, in pounds of

clothing, that a clothes washer can wash is a function of many

variables including the wetted clothes container volume which is

actually available for clothes washing, the agitation system and the

motor torque. The Department has used the measured clothes container

capacity as a proxy for the actual load a clothes washer is capable of

washing, and this has worked well for purposes of comparing vertical

axis clothes washers. However, there has been discussion as to whether

the measured capacity of a clothes container is a comparable proxy of

the load capability for horizontal axis clothes washers.

The DOE and AHAM recommended test procedures both require measuring

the capacity to the upper most part of the clothes washer container,

which includes the volume occupied by the tub ring. The maximum water

level in any vertical axis clothes washer may vary, but the water level

cannot go to the top of the tub ring. Maytag calculated that this

current method of measuring capacity results in the measured volume of

vertical-axis clothes washers exceeding the wetted volume by a minimum

of 15 percent to well over 20 percent. (Maytag, No. 13 at 1). However,

all the manufacturers, including Maytag, believe that the current

method for measuring vertical-axis clothes washer capacity is

sufficient and should not be changed. (AHAM, No. 33 at 5).

Since the measured and wetted volumes of a horizontal axis clothes

washer are the same, Maytag proposed multiplying the measured volume of

a horizontal axis clothes washer by a factor of 1.2. (Maytag, No. 13 at

2). This factor would mathematically increase the capacity of

horizontal-axis clothes washers and would result in a 20 percent

increase in the energy factor for horizontal-axis clothes washers. A

similar factor is included in the International Electrotechnical

Commission (IEC) 456 test procedure for clothes washers. ACEEE supports

a capacity credit for horizontal-axis clothes washers.\7\ ACEEE states

that the IEC test procedure has a 15 percent credit and believes the

credit may be too low. ACEEE believes the credit should be 21 percent.

(ACEEE, No. 32 at 3).

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\7\ Commenters have used both terms ``factor'' and ``credit''

which are intended to mean the same thing.

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Speed Queen opposes a horizontal-axis clothes washer capacity

adjustment factor stating that adequate time for discussion and comment

is needed on this ``recently raised issue.'' (Speed Queen, No. 29 at

3). GE opposes any horizontal-axis clothes washer capacity credit

stating, ``In view of the evidence, from P & G, that American consumer

washing habits are driven in large part by their perception of

capacity, proponents of a European adjustment factor must provide hard

data of its applicability to the U.S. market.'' (GE, No. 36 at 2).

Whirlpool also opposes any credit for horizontal-axis clothes washer

capacity because no data has been presented that would demonstrate a

difference of American loading habits for vertical-axis versus

horizontal-axis clothes washers. (Whirlpool, No. 37 at 4).

The Department notes that the measured volume of a vertical axis

clothes washer is larger than the wetted volume, whereas, these two

volumes are the same for horizontal axis clothes washers. Therefore,

for these two types of machines, capacity may not have the same

relationship to the amount of clothes a clothes washer is capable of

washing. However, the Department has no data to indicate that this

possible difference translates into an actual difference in load size

capability when the other variables that affect load size are

considered, or as to how American consumers will use horizontal axis

washers. If such data becomes available, the Department would consider

making an adjustment to the calculation of the energy factor of either

vertical or horizontal axis clothes washers to have relatively accurate

comparisons. However, today's notice of proposed rulemaking would make

no changes in this area.

Electrical Energy Supply

The NOPR would delete a provision in the existing test procedures

that allowed turning off of console lights which did not consume more

than 10 watts during the clothes washer test cycle. AHAM maintains this

provision in its recommended test procedure. Speed Queen, however,

indicated that it supported the Department's proposal to remove the

provision. (Speed Queen, No. 29 at 4). Today's notice is consistent

with the NOPR, and excludes this provision.

Remaining Moisture Content

The AHAM recommended test procedure includes a provision to test

the Remaining Moisture Content (RMC) of a test load. RMC represents a

percentage derived by dividing the moisture weight that is remaining in

the clothing at the completion of the clothes washer cycle by the

weight of the dry clothes prior to the clothes washing cycle. There are

several issues raised relating to the methodology for testing RMC.

GE expressed a concern about the possibility of manufacturers

providing manual selectable options to consumers which would affect the

resulting RMC of consumer wash loads. GE believes that the Department

should not use the lowest RMC level achieved in a clothes washer for

the future minimum energy conservation standard analysis or for energy

reporting, and that there should be some type of ``discounting of the

RMC credit.'' According to GE, consumers may not always choose the

setting which would result in the lowest RMC value. (Testimony at 157).

GE provided a chart showing four factors which affect RMC--spin speed,

spin time, load size, and rinse temperature (GE, No. 6 at appendix E)--

and stated that clothes washers could be manufactured that offered user

options for spin speed and duration. Whirlpool indicated that the AHAM

test procedure addresses the concern regarding consumer selection of

spin speed. Specifically, Whirlpool stated that the AHAM test procedure

requires the use of the energy test cycle, which specifies that the

spin speed recommended by the

[[Page 17592]]

manufacturer for cotton and linen clothes shall be used in the test

(section 2.1.1 AHAM submitted test procedure). (Testimony at 170). The

Department realizes there are several issues that affect RMC

measurement which have not been addressed and are discussed below,

which could affect the final test procedure methodology for testing

RMC.

Spin Speed and Spin Time

The Department is aware that the AHAM recommended test procedure

requires the use of the energy test cycle to conduct the RMC test. The

AHAM test procedure defines the ``energy test cycle'' as follows: ``the

cycle recommended by the manufacturer for washing cotton and/or linen

clothes. It includes the agitation/tumble operation, spin speed (s),

wash times, and rinse times applicable to that cycle, including water

heating time for water heating clothes washers, and applies to all

wash/rinse temperature selections and water levels available on the

model, regardless of whether the wash/rinse temperature selections or

water levels are available in the cycle recommended for cotton and/or

linens.'' This definition appears to address clothes washers with

multiple spin speeds, because spin speed is depicted as ``spin

speed(s).'' In addition, rinse time is depicted as ``rinse times.'' The

definition clearly states that testing for energy reporting shall be

conducted in the cycle the manufacturer specifies for cotton and/or

linen clothes.

The AHAM test procedure appears to be adequate in the situation

where the energy test cycle has only one spin speed and time. However,

the AHAM test procedure does not specify the spin speed to be used in

testing a clothes washer for which that cycle has several or a range of

values for spin speed and time for cotton and linen clothes. Therefore,

because exact consumer preferences are not known relative to the choice

of multiple spin speed or spin time selections, the Department is

considering the option of requiring the use of the average of the

extreme values of the spin speeds and times that are available in the

energy test cycle.\8\ The Department believes that this would address

the testing of clothes washers with multiple recommended spin speeds

and times, and might discount the RMC value as proposed by GE. The

Department welcomes comments on this issue.

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\8\ Similarly, for example, the DOE dishwasher test procedure

has a 50 percent proration value for use of heated verses unheated

dry option. (42 FR 15423, March 17, 1977)

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Load Size

GE provided a graph with RMC on the ``Y'' axis and Load Size on the

``X'' axis. (GE, No. 6 at appendix E). The graph was not quantified,

but depicted a relatively large negative slope of approximately 0.5.

Thus, according to the graph, as load size gets larger the RMC level

decreases substantially.\9\ The Department requested data from all

parties present at the hearing to help quantify the exact slope.

(Testimony at 160). So far, the Department has not received any such

data. The issue is important because the AHAM test procedure specifies

that the maximum test load be used to conduct the RMC test, which is

approximately 35 percent larger than an average test load. However, the

AHAM test procedure indicates, based on P&G data, that consumers use a

maximum load only 12 percent of the time whereas they use an average

load 74 percent of the time.

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\9\ RMC is a percentage which decreases, although the actual

remaining moisture weight increases because the larger load retains

more moisture.

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If GE's graph accurately depicts the slope, this would have a major

impact on the expected energy savings to consumers and manufacturer

efficiency/energy consumption representations, because data shows that

consumers use their clothes washers with an average size load 74

percent of the time. It would mean that, under the AHAM recommended

test procedure, the anticipated energy consumption to remove the

moisture from the clothing would be artificially low because the test

procedure calculates RMC on the basis of a maximum size load. Under the

AHAM test procedure RMC is first determined for a maximum size load.

The RMC thus determined is then adjusted in order to determine the

moisture content that would remain in an average size load. The

adjustment formula is based on the assumption that RMC as a percentage

amount is the same for different load sizes, the point that GE

disputes. An alternative to the AHAM recommended test method for RMC

could be to require testing using the average test load, rather than

the maximum test load with an adjustment. However, the Department

believes that this may increase test burden. Currently, the majority of

clothes washer models do not have adaptive control features such as

automatic water fill control. Under the AHAM recommended test

procedure, machines with adaptive controls need to be tested using an

average test load. Requiring testing of all machines using the average

test load may not be warranted if the slope is actually small. At this

time, the Department does not plan to change the AHAM recommended test

method. The Department requests data, comment and suggested changes to

the test procedure, if needed, to address this issue.

Energy Required To Remove Moisture From the Test Load

The RMC value is used to calculate the energy required to remove

moisture from the test load, ``DE''. The ``DE'' is calculated

using the maximum size test load, load adjustment factor (LAF) (P&G

ratio of maximum load size to average load size), nominal energy

required to remove moisture from clothes (constant for all clothes

washers, 0.5 KWh/lb) and the clothes dryer utilization factor (DUF)

(percentage of clothes washer loads that are dried by clothes dryers).

AHAM recommended a DUF of 83 percent, although P&G calculates the DUF

to be 84.4 percent.\10\ AHAM stated at the hearing it did not think

using the 84 percent figure would be controversial, but that it might

need to further consider the matter. (Testimony at 104-105). The

Department is using 84 percent for the DUF in today's proposal.

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\10\ Comment 32 on Docket number EE-RM-94-403.

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Sodium Hypochlorite Bleach

Clorox recommended that the Department adopt a definition for

sodium hypochlorite bleach (bleach) dispenser, and a corresponding

credit because of the potential for energy savings. (Clorox, No. 30 at

1). In regard to the clothes washer standard rulemaking, Clorox has

provided the Department with data indicating that a significant amount

of energy can be saved with the use of bleach.11 The savings would

be realized through the use of colder water for washing. The Clorox

data shows that cleaning performance is maintained or minimally

degraded at colder temperatures if bleach is used. Clorox recommended

revising the Temperature Use Factors (TUFs) and energy consumption

calculations to provide a credit to clothes washers equipped with a

bleach dispenser. Clorox stated, however, ``Consumer data identifies a

large area for potential energy savings due to the higher incidence of

hot water usage in bleach loads.'' (Emphasis added.) Clorox further

stated, ``Consumers that use bleach typically are more concerned with

getting their laundry clean, and recognize that hotter wash

temperatures provide the best results.'' (Clorox, No. 30 at 2).

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\11\ Comment 41 on docket number EE-RM-94-403.

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[[Page 17593]]

The data provided from Clorox relative to the cleaning performance

with bleach shows a significant potential for energy savings because

cleaning performance is maintained or minimally degraded when bleach is

added to cold water and detergent, versus when hot water is used with

just detergent. However, the energy savings do not appear to be

demonstrated by the data provided, because consumers who use bleach

tend to use hot water rather than shifting to cold water. Therefore,

the Department does not plan to include a provision for bleach in its

clothes washer test procedures. The Department welcomes comment on this

issue.

Suds-Saver Provision

The AHAM recommended test procedure does not provide a credit to

clothes washers with a suds-saver feature. Based on previous

information from AHAM (AHAM meeting, February 16, 1995), the Department

believes that AHAM eliminated this provision due to the relatively low

number of sales of clothes washers with a suds-saver feature.

Additionally, AHAM believes that a suds-saver credit is no longer

needed in the test procedure. The Department requests comments relative

to the elimination of the suds-saver credit.

Temperature Use Factors

The Department received several comments regarding the method for

determining Temperature Use Factors (TUFs), which are used to prorate

energy consumption among cold, warm and hot wash, as well as to factor

in a warm rinse if offered. Because any test procedure based on the

AHAM test procedure would not become effective until approximately the

year 2000, a significant emphasis in determining such test procedure's

TUF values has been on the need and method to project future consumer

usage habits based on currently available survey data.

AHAM provided the recommended test procedure with TUFs for wash

temperatures and a range of TUF values for rinse temperature. (AHAM,

No. 8). AHAM indicated that the original submission had been revised

and provided the final version of TUFs. The final version also included

a range of rinse TUF values. (AHAM, No. 48 at 1). GE indicated that it

supported the AHAM wash TUFs and provided justification for a warm

rinse TUF of 21 percent. GE provided a detailed analysis which included

linear regression projections and utilized ``differencing to eliminate

autocorrelation.'' (GE, No. 6 at 5 and No. 36 at 1). P&G provided data,

linear regression analysis with and without projections, and

recommendations for TUFs. P&G indicated that it believed the future

projections of the linear regression were valid for the wash TUFs,

although it thought the projection for the warm rinse TUF was too

aggressive. (P&G, No. 12 at 1). ACEEE believed the TUFs should be

determined by the average between a current linear regression and a

linear regression projected to the year 1999. (ACEEE, No. 32 at 3).

Although Whirlpool disagreed with AHAM's use of linear regression

projection to obtain wash TUF values, and instead recommended use of an

average of the last five years, it supported the AHAM wash TUFs because

the resultant difference was small. Whirlpool indicated that it

believed the warm rinse TUF value should be 33 percent. (Whirlpool, No.

37 at 2).

At the Department's request, the National Institute of Standards

and Technology (NIST) has conducted a linear regression with and

without future year projections. The NIST results varied slightly from

the P&G analysis results, probably due to rounding off to integers or

to use of the calendar year for the data (P & G survey data is

conducted over two calendar years, i.e., 93/94), but were basically

consistent with the P&G results. The following table provides the TUF

values as recommended from the various entities.

Presentation of Various Positions for Temperature Use Factors

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Hot wash (DATA/ Warm wash Cold wash Warm rinse Warm rinse

TUF) (DATA/TUF) (DATA/TUF) (DATA) (TUF \3\)

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P&G 1994 RAW DATA............... 0.16 0.48 0.36 0.18 N/A

AHAM............................ 0.14 0.47 0.39 \1\ 0.13-0.21 0.21-0.33

GE.............................. 0.14 0.47 0.39 0.13 0.21

WHIRLPOOL....................... \1\ 0.16 \1\ 0.50 \1\ 0.34 \1\ 0.21 \1\ 0.33

ACEEE........................... \1\ 0.14 \1\ 0.49 \1\ 0.37 \1\ 0.16 \1\ 0.27

P&G 1994 REGRESSION............. 0.15 0.51 0.34 0.18 \1\ 0.30

NIST 1994 REGRESSION............ \1\ 0.15 \1\ 0.50 \1\ 0.35 \1\ 0.19 \1\ 0.32

P&G 2000 REGRESSION............. 0.14 0.48 0.38 \2\ 0.16 \1\ 0.27

NIST 2000 REGRESSION............ \1\ 0.13 \1\ 0.48 \1\ 0.39 \1\ 0.13 \1\ 0.22

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\1\ Calculated by NIST independently or based on comment.

\2\ Recommended by P&G, independent of regression results.

\3\ Presently accepted by all commenters as being calculated by (P&G data)/0.60, representing that 60 percent of

the clothes washers in the P&G survey had a warm rinse available.

The Department believes that linear regression is one acceptable

method of conducting data plotting because it is generally accepted,

for example, by educators, economists and businesses. However, to

project consumer usage data into the future, linear regression may be

unacceptable because it does not address factors which affect the

change in consumer's habits (e.g., per P&G: improvements in detergent,

change in fabric type or concern to save energy). (P&G, No. 12 at 1,2).

From a statistical standpoint, if data were available on the factors

which correlate to the decrease in hot water usage, then an accurate

prediction could be made. However, the Department does not have this

data and understands that the data is not readily available.

Considering P&G's comments, the Department believes the trend to choose

cooler wash temperatures is likely to continue, but possibly not at the

rate indicated by the linear regression projection. Considering the

above, the Department believes that the ACEEE position to average the

current TUF values and the projected TUF values is a reasonable

approach, since the test procedure is being developed for future use.

Therefore, in its modifications of the AHAM test procedure, DOE is

considering incorporation of the following TUFs: hot wash, 14 percent;

warm wash, 49 percent; cold wash, 37 percent; and warm rinse, 27

percent. The Department welcomes comments relating to the acceptability

of these TUF values.

[[Page 17594]]

Test Cloth and Test Load

AHAM recommended a requirement for pre-conditioning the ``energy

test cloths'' (see AHAM test procedure section 2.6.1.2). In this

section, AHAM referenced its standard ``test detergent IIA.'' The

Department believes that specifying a particular detergent is too

specific and may not be warranted because a variation in detergent for

preconditioning test cloth is unlikely to measurably affect the energy

consumption of a clothes washer being tested. Absent any justification

to require use of AHAM's detergent in performing the test procedure,

non-AHAM manufacturers should not be required to obtain the AHAM

detergent to test their clothes washers. Therefore, the Department is

considering changing the detergent to ``commercially available clothes

washer detergent that is suitable for 135 deg.F (57.2 deg.C) wash

water.'' The Department requests comment on this detergent description.

The Department is also concerned about the use of ``energy stuffer

cloths'' (test procedure section 2.6.2). Energy test cloths and energy

stuffer cloths are used to make up the various size test loads. An

energy stuffer cloth is approximately one sixth the size of an energy

test cloth. The concern is that if a large number of energy stuffer

cloths are used instead of energy test cloths, then the mechanical

energy needed to agitate the test load may be understated. The

Department believes that there should be a maximum number of energy

stuffer cloths that can be used to establish the test load. Therefore,

the Department is considering the option of setting the maximum number

of energy stuffer cloths that can be used to 5. This number represents

the maximum number of energy stuffer cloths that should be needed

because 6 energy stuffer cloths would be the equivalent of one energy

test cloth. The Department requests comments on this issue.

In its test load table (table 5.1), AHAM recommended a tolerance of

0.10 pounds. The Department believes this tolerance is too

large. A tolerance of 0.05 pounds appears to be more

suitable because the required test load sizes can easily be obtained

through the use of energy stuffer cloths that weigh approximately 0.04

pounds each. The Department requests comments on the tolerance value.

Uniformly Distributed Temperature Selections

At the hearing, the Department expressed concern regarding

terminology used in AHAM's recommended test procedure--``uniformly

distributed, by temperature [between hot wash and cold wash]''--

relative to the calculation or testing of a warm wash temperature

selection. (Testimony at 113). The AHAM test procedure requires that

the warm wash (or multiple warm wash) selection(s) be calculated, in

lieu of testing, when all of a model's temperature selections are

uniformly distributed. If not uniformly distributed, then each

temperature selection must be tested. The Department asked AHAM to

define ``uniformly distributed, by temperature (between hot wash and

cold wash)'' at the hearing. (Testimony at 115). AHAM responded with an

expanded definition that sets two conditions for a ``warm wash having

uniform distribution by temperature between hot wash and cold wash.''

(AHAM, No. 33 at 4). The first condition is: the ``theoretical mean

warm wash temperature'' equals the ``theoretical mean of all wash

temperatures.'' The second condition is: ``uniform separation'' of warm

wash temperatures exists. AHAM included detailed mathematical equations

(see AHAM No. 33 at 4) to further explain the above terms.

The Department appreciates AHAM's submission regarding the

definition and mathematical expressions. However, the Department

believes that a narrative definition would be more appropriate for the

rule language to maintain consistency with other definitions. The

Department is considering an approach that retains the content of the

AHAM definition, but converts it into narrative form through a

definition for ``uniformly distributed warm wash.''

AHAM also indicated without qualification that an ``infinite

selection'' warm wash temperature selection would be considered

uniformly distributed. If a clothes washer has an infinite number of

warm wash temperature selections which follows a proportional (or

linear) relationship with the warm wash selection device (dial, slide,

etc.), then clearly the warm wash temperature selection is uniformly

distributed and the recommended AHAM method for uniformly distributed

temperatures applies. However, the AHAM test procedure does not address

an infinite warm wash selection which follows a path that is not

proportional (linear). It is possible that some clothes washer

manufacturers, in the future, may employ non-linear infinite warm wash

selections. Therefore, the Department is considering the option of

revising sections 3.5.1 and 3.5.2 of the AHAM test procedure to address

this issue, and welcomes comments relative to the definitions and

revised sections it is considering.

In addition, Whirlpool has indicated a concern about the language

regarding intermediate warm wash temperatures. (Whirlpool No. 50 at 1).

Whirlpool recommended changing the terminology in the test procedure

from ``Warm Wash'' to ``Intermediate Wash'' to eliminate confusion. The

Department agrees with Whirlpool that the intent of the AHAM

recommended test procedure is that the warm wash temperatures refer to

all temperatures which are below the hottest hot (135 deg.F (57.2

deg.C)) and above the coldest cold. The Department agrees with

Whirlpool and believes that was the intent of the AHAM recommended test

procedure. Therefore, to prevent any possible ambiguity regarding warm

wash temperatures, the Department is considering defining ``warm wash''

as all temperature selections between the hottest and coldest. The

Department welcomes comments regarding the AHAM test procedure and the

acceptability of the new definition.

Water-Heating Clothes Washers

NIST on behalf of the Department expressed a concern regarding the

possible need to establish ambient test conditions for testing water-

heating clothes washers. (Testimony at 132). The Department believes

that the energy consumed in a water-heating clothes washer may be

affected by the ambient temperature of the clothes washer. Thus, if the

ambient temperature prior to and during testing is relatively hot, then

less energy will be consumed than under typical operating conditions,

i.e., the test will understate the clothes washer's energy consumption.

Conversely, if the ambient temperature prior to and during the test is

relatively cold, then the energy consumption will be overstated. The

Department asked AHAM to comment on this issue at the hearing.

(Testimony at 132). AHAM recommended adding ambient temperature

conditions for tests of water heating clothes washers, specified as 75

deg.F 5 deg.F. (AHAM, No. 33 at 6) . Speed Queen

supported the AHAM recommendation. (Speed Queen, No. 29 at 2). The

Department believes that AHAM's specified temperature is above room

temperature but reflects acceptable test conditions for manufacturer

facilities while preventing large variations. Therefore, DOE is

considering adoption of this requirement.

The Department is concerned about the testing of water-heating

clothes washers that may have been stored in an area that has a

temperature outside of

[[Page 17595]]

the above range, prior to testing. The concern is that the thermal mass

of the clothes washer may affect the resultant energy consumption.

Therefore, the Department is considering the addition of pre-

conditioning requirements for water-heating clothes washers. The unique

requirement would be to conduct the established pre-conditioning

procedure, if the water-heating clothes washer has not been stored in

the test room, at the specified ambient conditions, for at least 8

hours (see section 2.9.2). The Department welcomes comment on the 8

hour time frame and on the issue of ambient conditions for water-

heating clothes washers.

AHAM's recommended test procedure provides for testing water-

heating clothes washers that are capable of using externally heated

water. However, the AHAM test procedure only included a provision for

hot water heated externally by electricity and did not include a

provision for water-heating clothes washers that use hot water heated

externally by gas or oil. A test provision for hot water heated

externally by gas or oil is required for Federal Trade Commission

labeling. Therefore, the Department is considering adoption of such a

provision. Additionally, in doing so, the Department is also

considering simplification of the test procedure by combining sections

for water-heating and nonwater-heating clothes washers where

appropriate. The Department requests comments on these options.

Water Consumption Factor

In the NOPR, the Department proposed a Water Consumption Factor

(WCF) (clothes washer capacity per gallon per cycle). The Department

believes that providing a means of determining WCF may allow consumers,

utilities or other organizations to compare clothes washer water

consumption independent of clothes washer capacity. AHAM recommended

language to calculate total water consumption in gallons per cycle. The

AHAM expression is not adjusted to take into account variations of

model capacities and will penalize larger capacity clothes washers on a

comparison basis.

In response to the NOPR for Appendix ``J'', the Department received

several comments regarding the WCF. Miele and Speed Queen indicated

that WCF should be the inverse of what was proposed because many

utilities already use that factor (gallons per cycle per cubic foot

capacity). (Miele, No. 10 at 2 and Speed Queen, No. 29 at 3). AHAM

indicated that WCF on a per cycle basis can be expressed as cubic feet

per gallon (AHAM, No. 33 at 5). The Department agrees with Miele and

Speed Queen that the WCF should be consistent with existing utility

programs and represented on a per cycle basis as gallons (weighted

water consumption) per cubic foot capacity. Therefore, the Department

is considering addition of a provision to AHAM's recommended test

procedure to calculate WCF expressed as gallons per cycle per cubic

feet. The Department requests comments regarding this topic.

B. Related Matters

1. Potential Impacts/Changes to the Appendix J Test Procedure

Test Load Sizes

AHAM recommended that the Department adopt its test load table

(table 5.1 of the Appendix ``J1'' test procedure) for the Appendix

``J'' test procedure. The Department supports the incorporation of the

AHAM test load table because it reflects the latest consumer usage

data. However, the impact of the incorporation of the recommended AHAM

test load table will most likely result in the majority of front-loader

clothes washers being tested with larger test loads. The Department

realizes that front-loader clothes washers are not required to meet a

performance minimum energy conservation standard, but existing models

will require retesting and relabeling. The Department requests comments

relative to the acceptability of the AHAM recommended test load table

for the Appendix ``J'' test procedure.

Water-Heating Clothes Washers

AHAM recommended a provision for testing water-heating clothes

washers that have the capability of using externally heated water (see

discussion above). However, the provision for externally heated water

was not in the NOPR. Therefore, the Department plans on similarly

incorporating test procedures for water-heating clothes washers with

externally heated water capability in the final rule for the Appendix

``J'' test procedure. The Department requests comments on this issue.

Field Testing

Methods for testing nonconventional clothes washers are not

provided in the DOE current test procedure, the NOPR Appendix J, or

AHAM recommended test procedure. In addition, none of these test

procedures is valid for machines equipped with adaptive controls if

consumers use the adaptive cycle more than 50% of the time. AHAM's

recommended test procedure specifies guidelines for conducting field

tests of nonconventional clothes washers, and of machines with adaptive

controls where a manufacturer believes the controls will be used more

than 50% of the time. The field testing provisions provide guidelines

for manufacturers to conduct data gathering in support of a Petition

for Waiver pursuant to Code of Federal Regulation, Title 10, Part 430,

section 430.27. AHAM proposed that these same field testing provisions

be added to Appendix ``J''. The Department requests comments on this

proposal.

2. Section 430.23, ``Test Procedures for Measures of Energy

Consumption'', Paragraph (j)

The Department proposed revisions to Sec. 430.23 (j) in the NOPR.

These changes dealt with the number of annual clothes washer cycles,

corresponding Appendix ``J'' section number references and the

incorporation of the Modified Energy Factor descriptor. If Appendix

``J1'' is promulgated, Sec. 430.23(j) will need to be revised. The

Department plans to make the required section reference changes to

Sec. 430.23(j), for both the Appendix ``J'' and Appendix ``J1'' test

procedures.

List of Subjects in 10 CFR Part 430

Administrative practice and procedure, Energy conservation,

Household appliances.

Issued in Washington, DC, April 15, 1996.

Christine A. Ervin,

Assistant Secretary, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy.

For the reasons set forth in the preamble, part 430 of Chapter II

of Title 10, of the Code of Federal Regulations is proposed to be

amended as set forth below:

1. The authority citation for part 430 continues to read as

follows:

Authority: 42 U.S.C. 6291-6309.

2. Appendix J1 is added to subpart B of part 430 as follows:

Appendix J1 to Subpart B of Part 430--Uniform Test Method for Measuring

the Energy Consumption of Automatic and Semi-Automatic Clothes Washers.

Note: This test procedure applies to amendments to revise 1994

minimum energy conservation standards for clothes washers set forth

at Title 10 CFR 430.32(g).

1. Definitions

1.1 Adaptive control system refers to a clothes washer control

system which is capable of automatically adjusting washer operation

or washing conditions based on characteristics of the clothes load

placed in the clothes container, without allowing or requiring

consumer intervention and/or actions. Examples would be clothes

washer

[[Page 17596]]

control system independent selection, modifications, or absolute

control of wash water temperature, agitation and/or tumble cycle

time, number of rinse cycles, spin speed, etc.

Note: The energy consumption of any adaptive system which

depends on the use of, detection of, or the presence of either soil,

soap, suds, or any additive laundering substitute or complimentary

product to determine the operation of the clothes washer must be

determined following the field test procedures defined in section 6.

1.2 Adaptive water fill control system refers to a clothes

washer water fill control system which is capable of automatically

adjusting the water fill level based on the size or weight of the

clothes load placed in the clothes container, without allowing or

requiring consumer intervention and/or actions.

1.3 Bone-dry means a condition or a load of test cloth which

has been dried in a dryer at maximum temperature for a minimum of 10

minutes, removed and weighed before cool down, and then dried again

for 10 minute periods until the final weight change of the load is 1

percent or less.

1.4 Clothes container means the compartment within the clothes

washer that holds the clothes during the operation of the machine.

1.5 Compact refers to a clothes washer which has a clothes

container capacity of less than 1.6 cubic feet.

1.6 Deep rinse cycle refers to a rinse cycle in which the

clothes container is filled with water to a selected level and the

clothes load is rinsed by agitating it or tumbling it through the

water.

1.7 Energy test cycle means the cycle recommended by the

manufacturer for washing cotton and/or linen clothes. It includes

the agitation/tumble operation, spin speed(s), wash times, and rinse

times applicable to that cycle, including water heating time for

water heating clothes washers, and applies to all wash/rinse

temperature selections and water levels available on the model,

regardless of whether the wash/rinse temperature selections or water

levels are available in the cycle recommended for cottons and/or

linens.

1.8 Load use factor means the percentage of the total number of

wash loads that a user would wash a particular size (weight) load.

1.9 Manual control systems refers to the type of washer control

system which requires that the consumer make the choices that

determine washer operation or washing conditions, for example: wash/

rinse temperature selections, and wash time before starting the

cycle.

1.10 Manual water fill control system refers to a clothes

washer water fill control system which requires the consumer to

determine or select the water fill level.

1.11 Modified energy factor means the quotient of the cubic

foot (or liter) capacity of the clothes container divided by the

total clothes washer energy consumption per cycle, expressed as the

sum of the machine electrical energy consumption, the hot water

energy consumption, and the energy required for removal of remaining

moisture of the test load.

1.12 Nonwater-heating clothes washer refers to a clothes washer

which does not have an internal hot water heating device to generate

hot water.

1.13 Spray rinse cycle refers to a rinse cycle in which water

is sprayed onto the clothes for a period of time without maintaining

any specific water level in the clothes container.

1.14 Standard refers to a clothes washer which has a clothes

container capacity of 1.6 cubic feet or greater.

1.15 Temperature use factor means, for a particular wash/rinse

temperature setting, the percentage of the total number of wash

loads that an average user would wash with that setting.

1.16 Thermostatically controlled water valves refer to a set of

clothes washer valves which sense water temperature and adjust the

hot water and cold water supplies appropriately to maintain a

desired mixed water temperature.

1.17 Uniformly distributed warm wash refers to warm wash

selections for which the warm wash water temperatures have a linear

relationship with all discrete warm wash selections when the water

temperatures are plotted against equally spaced consecutive warm

wash selections between the hottest warm wash and the coldest warm

wash. If the warm wash has infinite selections, the warm wash water

temperature shall have a linear relationship with the distance on

the selection device (e.g. dial angle or slide movement) between the

hottest warm wash and the coldest warm wash. The criteria for a

linear relationship as specified above is that the difference

between the actual water temperature at any warm wash selection and

the corresponding temperature on the temperature/selection line

formed by connecting the warmest and the coldest warm selections is

less than 5 percent. In all cases, the mean water

temperature of the warmest and the coldest warm selections must

coincide with the mean of the hot and cold water temperature.

1.18 Warm wash refers to all temperature selections that are

below the hottest hot (135 deg.F (57.2 deg.C)) and

above the coldest cold temperature selection.

1.19 Water consumption factor means the quotient of the total

weighted per-cycle water consumption divided by the cubic foot (or

liter) capacity of the clothes washer.

1.20 Water-heating clothes washer refers to a clothes washer

where some or all of the hot water for clothes washing is generated

by a water heating device internal to the clothes washer.

1.21 Symbol usage.

The following identity relationships are provided to help

clarify the symbology used throughout this procedure. The other

symbols and corresponding terms from the table below a sample

variable can be substituted with their appropriate meanings:

1.21.1 For example, ``Electrical Energy Consumption'' for an

``Extra Hot Wash'' and ``Maximum Test Load'' would be depicted as

follows:

Emx

E--Electrical Energy Consumption

H--Hot Water Consumption

C--Cold Water Consumption

m--Extra Hot Wash (max. temp. >135 deg.F (57.2 deg.C.))

h--Hot Wash (max. temp. +--Above Average Test Load

a--Average Test Load

a---Below Average Test Load

n--Minimum Test Load

1.21.2 For example, ``Hot Water Consumed by Warm Rinse'' for

the ``Maximum Test Load'' would be depicted as follows:

Rx

R--Hot Water Consumed by Warm Rinse

Er--Electrical Energy Consumed by Warm Wash/Warm Rinse

ER--Electrical Energy Consumed by Warm Rinse+--Maximum Test

Load

a+--Above Average Test Load

a--Average Test Load

a---Below Average Test Load

n--Minimum Test Load

1.21.3 For example, ``Temperature Use Factor'' for ``Extra Hot

Wash'' would be depicted as follows:

TUFm

m--Extra Hot Wash

h--Hot Wash

w--Warm Wash

c--Cold Wash

R--Warm Rinse

1.21.4 For example, ``Temperature Weighted Hot Water

Consumption'' for the ``Maximum Test Load'' would be depicted as

follows:

Vhx

x--Maximum Test Load

a+--Above Average Test Load

a--Average Test Load

a---Below Average Test Load

n--Minimum Test Load

1.21.5 For example, ``Hot Water Energy Consumption'' for the

``Maximum Test Load'' would be depicted as follows:

Emax

E--Hot Water Energy Consumption

F--Load Usage Factor

Q--Total Water Consumption

ME--Machine Electrical Energy Consumption

max--Maximum Test Load

avg--Average Test Load

min--Minimum Test Load

1.21.6 The following additional symbols are used in the test

procedure:

RMC--Remaining Moisture Content

WI--Initial Weight of Dry Test Load

WC--Weight of Test Load After Extraction

MET--Total Machine Electrical Energy Consumption

ETE--Total Per-Cycle Energy Consumption

2. Testing Conditions

2.1 Installation. Install the clothes washer in accordance with

manufacturer's instructions.

2.2 Electrical energy supply. Maintain the electrical supply at

the clothes washer terminal block within 2 percent of 120, 120/240,

or 120/208Y volts as applicable to the particular terminal block

wiring system and

[[Page 17597]]

within 2 percent of the nameplate frequency as specified by the

manufacturer. If the clothes washer has a dual voltage conversion

capability, conduct test at the highest voltage specified by the

manufacturer.

2.3 Supply Water Temperature.

2.3.1 Clothes washers in which electrical energy consumption

and/or water energy consumption are affected by the inlet water

temperature (for example, water heating clothes washers or clothes

washers with thermostatically controlled water valves). The

temperature of the hot water supply at the water inlets shall be

maintained at 135 deg.F +0 deg.F -10 deg.F (57.2 deg.C +0 deg.C

-5.5 deg.C) and the cold water supply at the water inlets shall be

maintained at 60 deg.F +0 deg.F -10 deg.F (15.6 deg.C +0 deg.C

-5.6 deg.C). A water meter shall be installed in both the hot and

cold water lines to measure water consumption.

2.3.2 Clothes washers in which electrical energy consumption

and water energy consumption are NOT affected by the inlet water

temperature. The temperature of the hot water supply shall be

maintained at 135 deg.F 5 deg.F (57.2 deg.C

2.8 deg.C) and the cold water supply shall be

maintained at 60 deg.F 5 deg.F (15.6 deg.C

2.8 deg.C). A water meter shall be installed in both the hot and

cold water lines to measure water consumption.

2.4 Water pressure. The static water pressure at the hot and

cold water inlet connection of the clothes washer shall be

maintained at 35 pounds per square inch gauge (psig) 2.5

psig (241.3 kPa 17.2 kPa) during the test. The static

water pressure for a single water inlet connection shall be

maintained at 35 psig 2.5 psig (241.3 kPa

17.2 kPa) during the test. A water pressure gauge shall

be installed in both the hot and cold water lines to measure water

pressure.

2.5 Instrumentation. Perform all test measurements using the

following instruments, as appropriate:

2.5.1 Weighing scales.

2.5.1.1 Weighing scale for test cloth. The scale shall have a

resolution of at least 0.2 ounces (5.7 g) and a maximum error no

greater than 0.3 percent of the measured value.

2.5.1.2 Weighing scale for clothes container capacity

measurements. The scale should have a resolution of 0.50 pounds (0.2

kg) and a maximum error no greater than 0.5 percent of the measured

value.

2.5.2 Watt-hour meter. The watt-hour meter shall have a

resolution no larger than 1 watt-hour (3.6 kJ) and a maximum error

no greater than 2 percent of the measured value for any demand

greater than 50 watts-hours (180.0 kJ).

2.5.3 Temperature measuring device. The device shall have an

error no greater than 1 deg.F ( 0.6 deg.C)

over the range being measured.

2.5.4 Water meter. The water meter shall have a resolution no

larger than 0.1 gallons (0.4 liters) and a maximum error no greater

than 2 percent for the water flow rates being measured.

2.5.5 Water pressure gauge. The water pressure gauge shall have

a resolution of 1 pound per square inch gauge (psig) (6.9 kPa) and

shall have an error no greater than 5 percent of any measured value.

2.6 Test cloths.

2.6.1 Energy test cloth.

2.6.1.1 The energy test cloth shall not be used for more than

25 test runs and shall be clean and consist of the following:

(a) Pure finished bleached cloth, made with a momie or granite

weave, which is 50 percent cotton and 50 percent polyester and

weighs 5.75 ounces per square yard (195.0 g/m\2\) and has 65 ends on

the warp and 57 picks on the fill. (b) Cloth material that is 24

inches by 36 inches (61.0 cm by 91.4 cm) and has been hemmed to 22

inches by 34 inches (55.9 cm by 86.4 cm) before washing. The maximum

shrinkage after five washes shall not be more than four percent on

the length and width.

2.6.1.2 The new test cloths, including energy test cloths and

energy stuffer cloths shall be pre-conditioned in a clothes washer

in the following manner:

2.6.1.2.1 For each gallon (3.79 liters) of water used, use 6

grams of a commercially available clothes washing detergent that is

suitable for 135 deg.F (57.2 deg.C) wash water, with the washer

set on maximum water level. Place detergent in washer and then place

the new load to be conditioned in the washer. Wash the load for ten

minutes in soft water (17ppm or less). Wash water is to be hot, and

controlled at 135 deg.F 5 deg.F (57.2 deg.C

2.8 deg.C). Rinse water temperature is to be cold, and

controlled at 60 deg.F 5 deg.F (15.6

deg.C 2.8 deg.C). Rinse the load through a second rinse using the

same water temperature (utilize an optional second rinse if

available).

2.6.1.2.2 Dry the load.

2.6.1.2.3 A final cycle is to be hot water wash with no

detergent followed by two cold water rinses.

2.6.1.2.4 Dry the load.

2.6.2 Energy stuffer cloth. The energy stuffer cloth shall be

made from energy test cloth material and shall consist of pieces of

material that are 12 inches by 12 inches (30.5 cm by 30.5 cm) and

have been hemmed to 10 inches by 10 inches (25.4 cm by 25.4 cm)

before washing. The maximum shrinkage after five washes shall not be

more than four percent on the length and width. The number of test

runs on the same energy stuffer cloth shall not exceed 25 runs.

2.7 Test Load Sizes. Maximum, minimum, and when required,

average test load sizes shall be determined using Table 5.1 and the

clothes container capacity as measured in 3.1 through 3.1.4. Test

loads shall consist of energy test cloths, except that adjustments

to the test loads to achieve proper weight can be made by the use of

energy stuffer cloths with no more than 5 stuffer clothes per load.

2.8 Use of Test Loads. Table 2.8 defines the test load sizes

and corresponding water fill settings which are to be used when

measuring water and energy consumption. ``Control System'' refers to

the type of clothes washer control system as defined in section 1 of

this appendix:

Table 2.8.--Test Load Sizes and Water Fill Settings Required

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Water fill control system Manual Manual Adaptive

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Manual Adaptive Manual or adaptive

Other control systems -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Test load size Water fill setting Test load size Water fill setting Test load size Water fill setting

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Max............... Max............... Max............... Max............... Max............... As determined by

the Clothes

Washer.

Min............... Min............... Avg............... Max............... Avg+\1\...........

Min............... Min............... Avg...............

.................. Avg\1\............

Min ..............

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\1\ See 3.3.3.1, 3.4.3.1, or 3.6.3.1 to determine if these load sizes are required.

2.8.1 The test load sizes to be used to measure RMC are

specified in section 3.8.

2.8.2 Test loads for energy and water consumption measurements

shall be bone dry prior to the first cycle of the test, and dried to

a maximum of 104 percent of bone dry weight for subsequent testing.

2.8.3 Method of loading. Load the energy test cloths by

grasping them in the center, shaking them to hang loosely and then

put them into the clothes container prior to activating the clothes

washer.

2.9 Pre-conditioning.

2.9.1 Nonwater-heating clothes washer. If the clothes washer

has neither been tested nor filled with water in the preceding 96

hours, pre-condition it by running it through a cold rinse cycle and

then draining it to ensure that the hose, pump, and sump are filled

with water.

2.9.2 Water-heating clothes washer. If the clothes washer has

neither been tested nor filled with water in the preceding 96 hours

[[Page 17598]]

and/or if it has not been in the test room at the specified ambient

conditions for 8 hours, pre-condition it by running it through a

cold rinse cycle and then draining it to ensure that the hose, pump,

and sump are filled with water.

2.10 Wash time setting. If one wash time is prescribed in the

energy test cycle, that shall be the wash time setting; otherwise,

the wash time setting shall be the higher of either the minimum, or

70 percent of the maximum, wash time available in the energy test

cycle.

2.11 Test room temperature for water-heating clothes washers.

Maintain the test room ambient air temperature at

75 deg.F5 deg.F (23.9 deg.C 2.8 deg.C).

3. Test Measurements

3.1 Clothes container capacity. Measure the entire volume which

a dry clothes load could occupy within the clothes container during

washer operation according to the following procedures:

3.1.1 Line the inside of the clothes container with 2 mil

(0.051 mm) plastic sheet. All clothes washer components which occupy

space within the clothes container and which are recommended for use

with the energy test cycle shall be in place and shall be lined with

2 mil (0.051 mm) plastic sheet to prevent water from entering any

void space.

3.1.2 Record the total weight of the machine before adding

water.

3.1.3 Fill the clothes container manually with either 60

deg.F5 deg.F (15.6 deg.C2.8 deg. C) or

100 deg.F#10 deg.F (37.8 deg.C 2.8 deg.C)

water to its uppermost edge. Measure and record the weight of water,

W, in pounds.

3.1.4 The clothes container capacity is calculated as follows:

C=W/d.

Where:

C=Capacity in cubic feet.

W=Mass of water in pounds.

d=Density of water (62.0 lbs/ft3 for 100 deg. F (993 kg/m\3\

for 37.8 deg. C) or 62.3 lbs/ft\3\ for 60 deg. F (998 kg/m\3\ for

15.6 deg. C)).

3.2 Procedure for measuring water and energy consumption values

on all automatic and semi-automatic washers. All energy consumption

tests shall be performed under the energy test cycle, unless

otherwise specified. Table 3.2 defines the sections below which

govern tests of particular clothes washers, based on the number of

wash/rinse temperature selections available on the model, and/or

method of water heating. The procedures prescribed are applicable

regardless of a clothes washer's washing capacity, loading port

location, primary axis of rotation of the clothes container, and

type of control system.

Table 3.2.--Test Section Reference

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Max. wash temp. available 135 deg.F

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (57.2 deg.C) \2\

--------------------------

Number of wash temp. selections 1 2 =3 3 3

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Test Sections Required to be Followed....... 3.6 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.3

\1\ 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.4

3.8 \1\ 3.7 3.6 3.6 3.5

........... 3.8 \1\ 3.7 \1\ 3.7 3.6

........... ........... 3.8 3.8 \1\ 3.7

........... ........... 3.8 3.8 \1\3.7

........... ........... ............. ........... 3.8

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\1\ Only applicable to machines with warm rinse.

\2\ This only applies to water heating clothes washers on which the maximum wash temperature available exceeds

135 deg. F (57.2 deg. C).

3.2.1 Inlet water temperature and the wash/rinse temperature

settings.

3.2.1.1 For automatic clothes washers set the wash/rinse

temperature selection control to obtain the wash water temperature

desired (extra hot, hot, warm, or cold) and cold rinse and open both

the hot and cold water faucets.

3.2.1.2 For semi-automatic washers: (1) For hot water

temperature: open the hot water faucet completely and close the cold

water faucet; (2) for warm inlet water temperature: Open both hot

and cold water faucets completely; (3) for cold water temperature:

close the hot water faucet and open the cold water faucet

completely.

3.2.2 Total water consumption during the energy test cycle

shall be measured, including hot and cold water consumption during

wash, deep rinse, and spray rinse.

3.2.3 Clothes washers with adaptive/manual/consumer optional

control systems

3.2.3.1 Clothes washers with adaptive controls and alternate

manual controls. If clothes washers with adaptive controls allow

consumer selection of manual controls as an alternative, then both

manual and adaptive modes shall be tested and the energy

consumption, ETE , calculated in section 4 shall be the average

of the measured values. If the product manufacturer feels more

energy savings would result from the actual in home use of the

adaptive control system, then the procedures in section 6.2 can be

used as an alternate means to provide data in support of a waiver.

3.2.3.2 Clothes washers with adaptive water fill controls. When

testing these clothes washers in adaptive water fill control, the

maximum, minimum, and average water levels as defined in the

following sections shall be interpreted to mean that amount of water

fill which is selected by the control system when the respective

test loads are used, as defined in Table 2.8. The load usage factors

which shall be used when calculating energy consumption values are

defined in Table 4.1.3.

3.2.3.3 Clothes washers with adaptive control systems which do

not adaptively modify the water fill levels. The water fill selector

shall be set to the maximum water level available on the clothes

washer for the maximum and average test load sizes and set to the

minimum water level for the minimum test load size as defined in

Table 2.8. The load usage factors which shall be used when

calculating energy consumption values are defined in Table 4.1.3.

3.2.3.4 Clothes washers with manual control systems. The water

fill selector shall be set to the maximum water level available on

the clothes washer for the maximum test load size and set to the

minimum water level for the minimum test load size as defined in

Table 2.8. The load usage factors which shall be used when

calculating energy consumption values are defined in Table 4.1.3.

3.2.3.5 Clothes washers with consumer options for the energy

test cycle. Clothes washers which have more than one option or a

range of options for various characteristics (other than wash time)

of the energy test cycle, such as various spin speeds or adaptive

water fill selections, etc., shall be tested at the maximum and

minimum extremities of the available options. The energy consumption

and other equations calculated in section 4 shall be determined by

the average of the measured values.

3.3 ``Extra Hot Wash'' Cycle (Max Wash Temp >135 deg. F

(57.2 deg. C)). This section applies to water heating clothes

washers only. Water and electrical energy consumption shall be

measured for each water fill level and/or test load size as

specified in 3.3.1 through 3.3.3.5.2 for the hottest setting

available.

3.3.1 Maximum test load and water fill. Hot water consumption

(Hmx), cold water consumption (Cmx), and electrical energy

consumption (Emn) shall be measured for an extra hot wash/cold

rinse energy test cycle, with the controls set for the maximum water

fill level. The maximum test load size is to be used and shall be

determined per table 5.1.

3.3.2 Minimum test load and water fill. Hot water consumption

(Hmn), cold water consumption (Cmn), and electrical energy

consumption (Emn) shall be measured for an extra hot wash/cold rinse

energy test cycle, with the controls set for the minimum water fill

level. The minimum test load size is to be used and shall be

determined per table 5.1.

3.3.3 Average test load and water fill. For clothes washers

with adaptive controls, measure the values for hot water consumption

(Hma), cold water consumption (Cma), and electrical energy

consumption (Ema) for an extra hot wash/cold rinse energy test

cycle, with an average test load size as determined per table 5.1.

3.3.3.1 Steps 3.3.3.2 through 3.3.3.5.2 are to determine if

additional testing of clothes washers with adaptive water fill

controls is necessary, by checking for linearity in the

[[Page 17599]]

three water consumption values (minimum, average, and maximum)

measured.

3.3.3.2 Calculate the total water consumption for the maximum

test load size (Vx=Hmx+Cmx)

3.3.3.3 Calculate the total water consumption for the average

test load size (Va=Hma+Cma)

3.3.3.4 Calculate the total water consumption for the minimum

test load size (Vn=Hmn+Cmn)

3.3.3.5 If Va is different than the average of Vx and

Vn by 5 percent or more then two additional test load sizes,

average(+) and average(-) shall be tested as follows:

3.3.3.5.1 To determine the average(+) test load size, add

the weights for the maximum and average test load sizes and divide

by two. Place the average(+) test load size into the clothes

washer and measure the hot water consumption (Hma+), cold water

consumption (Cma+), and electrical energy consumption

(Ema+) for an extra hot wash/cold rinse energy test cycle.

3.3.3.5.2 To determine the average(-) test load size, add

the weights for the average and minimum test load sizes and divide

by two. Place the average(-) test load size into the clothes

washer and measure the hot water consumption (Hma-), cold water

consumption (Cma-), and electrical energy consumption

(Ema-) for an extra hot wash/cold rinse energy test cycle.

3.4 ``Hot Wash'' Cycle (Max Wash Temp 135 deg.F

(57.2 deg.C)). Water and electrical energy consumption shall be

measured for each water fill level and/or test load size as

specified in 3.4.1 through 3.4.3.5.2 for 135 deg.F (57.2 deg.C)

wash if available or the hottest selection less than 135 deg.F

(57.2 deg.C).

3.4.1 Maximum test load and water fill. Hot water consumption

(Hhx), cold water consumption (Chx), and electrical energy

consumption (Ehx) shall be measured for a hot wash/cold rinse

energy test cycle, with the controls set for the maximum water fill

level. The maximum test load size is to be used and shall be

determined per table 5.1.

3.4.2 Minimum test load and water fill. Hot water consumption

(Hhn), cold water consumption (Chn), and electrical energy

consumption (Ehn) shall be measured for a hot wash/cold rinse

energy test cycle, with the controls set for the minimum water fill

level. The minimum test load size is to be used and shall be

determined per table 5.1.

3.4.3 Average test load and water fill. For clothes washers

with adaptive controls, measure the values for hot water consumption

(Hha), cold water consumption (Cha), and electrical energy

consumption (Eha) for a hot wash/cold rinse energy test cycle,

with an average test load size as determined per table 5.1.

3.4.3.1 Steps 3.4.3.2 through 3.4.3.5.2 are to determine if

additional testing of clothes washers with adaptive water fill

controls is necessary, by checking for linearity in the three water

consumption values (minimum, average, and maximum) measured.

3.4.3.2 Calculate the total water consumption for the maximum

test load size (Vx=Hhx+Chx)

3.4.3.3 Calculate the total water consumption for the average

test load size (Va=Hha+Cha)

3.4.3.4 Calculate the total water consumption for the minimum

test load size (Vn=Hhn+Chn)

3.4.3.5 If Va is different than the average of Vx and

Vn by 5 percent or more then two additional test load sizes,

average(+) and average(-) shall be tested as follows:

3.4.3.5.1 To determine the average(+) test load size, add

the weights for the maximum and average test load sizes and divide

by two. Place the average(+) test load size into the clothes

washer and measure the hot water consumption (Hha+), cold water

consumption (Cha+), and electrical energy consumption

(Eha+) for a hot wash/cold rinse energy test cycle.

3.4.3.5.2 To determine the average(-) test load size, add

the weights for the average and minimum test load sizes and divide

by two. Place the average(-) test load size into the clothes

washer and measure the hot water consumption (Hha-), cold water

consumption (Cha-), and electrical energy consumption

(Eha-) for a hot wash/cold rinse energy test cycle.

3.5 ``Warm Wash'' Cycle (Intermediate Wash Temperature

Selection Between Hot and Cold). Water and electrical energy

consumption shall be measured for each water fill level and/or test

load size as specified in 3.5.1 through 3.5.5.3 for the warm water

wash temperature.

3.5.1 For clothes washers with uniformly distributed warm wash

temperature selections, the reportable values to be used for the

warm water wash setting shall be the arithmetic average of hot and

cold selections measurements. This is a calculation only, no testing

is required.

3.5.2 For clothes washers that do not have uniformly

distributed warm wash temperature selections, test all intermediate

wash temperature selections for washers having discrete warm wash

selections. For washers having infinite warm wash selections which

are non-uniformly distributed by temperature between ``hot wash''

and ``cold wash'', test at 20 percent, 40 percent, 60 percent, and

80 percent positions of the temperature selection device between the

hottest hot (135 deg.F (57.2 deg.C)) wash and the

coldest cold wash. The reportable values to be used for the warm

water wash setting shall be the arithmetic averages of all tests

required in this section.

3.5.3 Maximum test load and water fill. Hot water consumption

(Hwx), cold water consumption (Cwx), and electrical energy

consumption (Ewx) shall be measured for a warm wash/cold rinse

energy test cycle, with the controls set for the maximum water fill

level. The maximum test load size is to be used and shall be

determined per table 5.1.

3.5.4 Minimum test load and water fill. Hot water consumption

(Hwn), cold water consumption (Cwn), and electrical energy

consumption (Ewn) shall be measured for a warm wash/cold rinse

energy test cycle, with the controls set for the minimum water fill

level. The minimum test load size is to be used and shall be

determined per table 5.1.

3.5.5 Average test load and water fill. For clothes washers

with adaptive controls, measure the values for hot water consumption

(Hwa), cold water consumption (Cwa), and electrical energy

consumption (Ewa) for a warm wash/cold rinse energy test cycle,

with an average test load size as determined per table 5.1.

3.5.5.1 If additional testing of clothes washers with adaptive

water fill controls was determined to be necessary by section

3.3.3.1 or 3.4.3.1. average(+) and average(-) test load

sizes shall be determined for warm wash as follows:

3.5.5.2 To determine the average(+) test load size, add

the weights for the maximum and average test load sizes and divide

by two. Place the average(+) test load size into the clothes

washer and measure the hot water consumption (Hwa+), cold water

consumption (Cwa+), and electrical energy consumption

(Ewa+) for a warm wash/cold rinse energy test cycle.

3.5.5.3 To determine the average(-) test load size, add

the weights for the average and minimum test load sizes and divide

by two. Place the average(-) test load size into the clothes

washer and measure the hot water consumption (Hwa-), cold water

consumption (Cwa-), and electrical energy consumption

(Ewa-) for a warm wash/cold rinse energy test cycle.

3.6 ``Cold Wash'' Cycle (Minimum Wash Temperature Selection).

Water and electrical energy consumption shall be measured for each

water fill level and/or test load size as specified in 3.6.1 through

3.6.3.5.2 for the coldest wash temperature selection available.

3.6.1 Maximum test load and water fill. Hot water consumption

(Hcx), cold water consumption (Ccx), and electrical energy

consumption (Ecx) shall be measured for a cold wash/cold rinse

energy test cycle, with the controls set for the maximum water fill

level. The maximum test load size is to be used and shall be

determined per table 5.1.

3.6.2 Minimum test load and water fill. Hot water consumption

(Hcn), cold water consumption (Ccn), and electrical energy

consumption (Ecn) shall be measured for a cold wash/cold rinse

energy test cycle, with the controls set for the minimum water fill

level. The minimum test load size is to be used and shall be

determined per table 5.1.

3.6.3 Average test load and water fill. For clothes washers

with adaptive controls, measure the values for hot water consumption

(Hca), cold water consumption (Cca), and electrical energy

consumption (Eca) for a cold wash/cold rinse energy test cycle,

with an average test load size as determined per table 5.1.

3.6.3.1 Steps 3.6.3.2 through 3.6.3.5.2 are to determine if

additional testing of clothes washers with adaptive water fill

controls is necessary, by checking for linearity in the three water

consumption values (minimum, average, and maximum) measured.

3.6.3.2 Calculate the total water consumption for the maximum

test load size ( Vx=Hcx+Ccx)

3.6.3.3 Calculate the total water consumption for the average

test load size (Va=Hca+Cca)

3.6.3.4 Calculate the total water consumption for the minimum

test load size (Vn=Hcn+Ccn)

3.6.3.5 If Va is different than the average of Vx and

Vn by 5 percent or more then two additional test load sizes,

average(+) and average(-) shall be tested as follows:

[[Page 17600]]

3.6.3.5.1 To determine the average(+) test load size, add

the weights for the maximum and average test load sizes and divide

by two. Place the average(+) test load size into the clothes

washer and measure the hot water consumption (Hca+), cold water

consumption (Cca+), and electrical energy consumption

(Eca+) for a cold wash/cold rinse energy test cycle.

3.6.3.5.2 To determine the average(-) test load size, add

the weights for the average and minimum test load sizes and divide

by two. Place the average(-) test load size into the clothes

washer and measure the hot water consumption (Hca-), cold water

consumption (Cca-), and electrical energy consumption

(Eca-) for a cold wash/cold rinse energy test cycle.

3.7 Warm Rinse.

3.7.1 Measure the amount of hot water consumed during the

hottest rinse cycle with the rinse temperature set to warm,

including all deep and spray rinses, for the maximum (Rx),

minimum (Rn), and average (Ra) test load sizes and/or

water fill levels.

3.7.2 Measure the total amount of electrical energy consumed by

the clothes washer with a warm wash and hottest rinse cycle,

including all wash, deep rinses, and spray rinses, for the maximum

(Erx), minimum (Ern), and average (Era) test load

sizes and/or water fill levels.

3.7.3 Subtract the electrical energy values for warm wash/cold

rinse as measured in section 3.5 (Ew) from the Er values determined

above in section 3.7.2 to calculate the additional electrical energy

required to heat the water and operate the clothes washer for the

warm wash/warm rinse cycle (ER).

(a) ERx=Erx-Ewx

(b) ERa=Era-Ewa

(c) ERn=Ern-Ewn

3.7.4 If additional testing of clothes washers with adaptive

water fill controls was determined to be necessary by section

3.3.3.1, 3.4.3.1, 3.5.5.1 or 3.6.3.1., the average(+) and

average(-) values shall be determined for warm rinse in

sections 3.7.1 (Ra+ and Ra-), 3.7.2 (Era+ and

Era-), and 3.7.3 (ERa+ and ERa-) as appropriate.

3.8 Remaining Moisture Content.

3.8.1 The wash temperature will be the same as the rinse

temperature for all testing.

3.8.2 For clothes washers with cold rinse only.

3.8.2.1 Determine the maximum test load as defined in table 5.1

and section 3.1.

3.8.2.2 Record the actual `bone dry' weight of the test load

(WImax).

3.8.2.3 Set water level selector to maximum fill.

3.8.2.4 Run the energy test cycle.

3.8.2.5 Record the weight of the test load immediately after

completion of the energy test cycle (WCmax).

3.8.2.6 Calculate the remaining moisture content of the maximum

test load, RMCmax, expressed as a percentage and defined as:

RMCmax = ((WCmax-WImax) / WImax) x 100%

3.8.3 For clothes washers with cold and warm rinse options.

3.8.3.1 Complete steps 3.8.2.1 through 3.8.2.5 for cold rinse.

Calculate the remaining moisture content of the maximum test load

for cold rinse, RMCCOLD, expressed as a percentage and defined as:

RMCCOLD = ((WCmax-WImax) / WImax) x 100%

3.8.3.2 Complete steps 3.8.2.1 through 3.8.2.6 for warm rinse.

Calculate the remaining moisture content of the maximum test load

for warm rinse, RMCWARM, expressed as a percentage and defined

as:

RMCWARM = ((WCmax-WImax) / WImax) x 100%

3.8.3.3 Calculate the remaining moisture content of the maximum

test load, RMCmax, expressed as a percentage and defined as:

RMCmax = RMCCOLD x (1-TUFR) +

RMCWARM x (TUFR).

4. Calculation of Derived Results from Test Measurements

All calculations for average, above average, and below average

test load sizes in this section are applicable only to those clothes

washers which were required to be tested in these conditions, as

stated in Table 2.8.

4.1 Hot water and machine electrical energy consumption of

clothes washers.

4.1.1 Per-cycle temperature-weighted hot water consumption for

maximum, intermediate, and minimum water fill levels using each

appropriate load size as defined in section 2.8 and Table 5.1.

Calculate for the cycle under test the per-cycle temperature

weighted hot water consumption for the maximum water fill level,

Vhx, the above average water fill level, Vha+, the average

water fill level, Vha, the below average water fill level,

Vha-, and the minimum water fill level, Vhn, expressed in

gallons per cycle (or liters per cycle) and defined as:

(a) Vhx=[Hmx x TUFm]

+[Hhx x TUFh]

+[Hwx x TUFw]

+[Hcx x TUFc]

+[Rx x TUFR]

(b) Vha+=[Hma+ x TUFm]

+[Hha++ x TUFh]

+[Hwa+ x TUFw]

+[Hca+ x TUFc]

+[Ra+ x TUFR]

(c) Vha=[Hma x TUFm]

+[Hha x TUFh]

+[Hwa x TUFw]

+[Hca x TUFc]

+[Ra x TUFR]

(d) Vha-=[Hma- x TUFm]

+[Hha- x TUFh]

+[Hwa- x TUFw]

+[Hca- x TUFc]

+[Ra- x TUFR]

(e) Vhn=[Hmn x TUFm]

+[Hhn x TUFh]

+[Hwn x TUFw]

+[Hcn x TUFc]

+[Rn x TUFR]

Where:

x, a, & n are the maximum, average, and minimum test load for the

clothes washer under test.

a+ is the above average test load size.

a- is the below average test load size.

Hmx, Hma+, Hma, Hma-, and Hmn, are reported

hot water consumption values, in gallons per-cycle (or liters per

cycle), at maximum, above average, average, below average, and

minimum fill, respectively, for the extra-hot wash cycle with the

appropriate test loads, as defined in section 2.8.

Hhx, Hha+, Hha, Hha-, and Hhn, are reported

hot water consumption values, in gallons per-cycle (or liters per

cycle), at maximum, above average, average, below average, and

minimum fill, respectively, for the hot wash cycle with the

appropriate test loads, as defined in section 2.8.

Hwx, Hwa+, Hwa, Hwa-, and Hwn, are reported

hot water consumption values, in gallons per-cycle (or liters per

cycle), at maximum, above average, average, below average, and

minimum fill, respectively, for the warm wash cycle with the

appropriate test loads, as defined in section 2.8.

Hcx, Hca+, Hca, Hca-, and Hcn, are reported

hot water consumption values, in gallons per-cycle (or liters per

cycle), at maximum, above average, average, below average, and

minimum fill, respectively, for the cold wash cycle with the

appropriate test loads, as defined in section 2.8.

Rx, Ra+, Ra, Ra-, and Rn are the reported

hot water consumption values, in gallons per- cycle (or liters per

cycle), at maximum, above average, average, below average, and

minimum fill, respectively, for the warm rinse cycle and the

appropriate test loads, as defined in section 2.8

TUFm, TUFh, TUFw, TUFc, and TUFR are

temperature use factors for extra hot wash, hot wash, warm wash,

cold wash, and warm rinse temperature selections, respectively, and

are as defined in Table 4.1.1.

Table 4.1.1.--Temperature Use Factors

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Max Wash Temp Available........ 135 deg.F... 135 deg.F... 135 deg.F... >135 deg.F............. >135 deg.F

(57.2 deg.C)........... (57.2 deg.C)........... (57.2 deg.C)........... (57.2 deg.C)........... (57.2 deg.C)

No. Wash Temp Selections....... Single.................. 2 Temps................. 3 Temps...... 3 Temps................. >3 Temps

TUFm (extra hot)............... NA...................... NA...................... NA...................... 0.14.................... 0.05

TUFh (hot)..................... NA...................... 0.63.................... 0.14.................... NA...................... 0.09

TUFw (warm).................... NA...................... NA...................... 0.49.................... 0.49.................... 0.49

TUFc (cold).................... 1.00.................... 0.37.................... 0.37.................... 0.37.................... 0.37

TUFR (warm rinse).............. 0.27.................... 0.27.................... 0.27.................... 0.27.................... 0.27

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[[Page 17601]]

4.1.2 Total per-cycle hot water energy consumption for all

maximum, intermediate, and minimum water fill levels tested.

Calculate the total per-cycle hot water energy consumption for the

maximum water fill level, Emax, the minimum water fill level,

Emin, and the average water fill level, Eavg, expressed in

kilowatt-hours per cycle and defined as:

(a) Emax = [Vhx x T x K] = Total energy when a maximum

load is tested.

(b) Eavg = [Vha x T x K] or if above average and below average

test loads were required to be tested Eavg = [(\1/3\) x

(Vha+ + Vha + Vha-) + T x K] = Total energy for an

average load.

(c) Emin=[Vhn x T x K]=Total energy when a minimum load is

tested.

Where:

T=Temperature rise=75 deg.F (23.9 deg.C).

K=Water specific heat in kilowatt-hours per gallon degree F=0.00240

[0.00114 kWh/(L\ deg.C)].

Vhx, Vha+, Vha, Vha-, and Vhn, are as

defined in 4.1.1.

4.1.3 Total weighted per-cycle hot water energy consumption.

Calculate the total weighted per cycle hot water energy consumption,

ET, expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle and defined as:

ET=[Emax x Fmax]+[Eavg x Favg]+[Emin x

Fmin]

Where:

Emax, Eavg, and Emin are as defined in 4.1.2.

Fmax, Favg, and Fmin are the load usage factors for

the maximum, average, and minimum test loads based on the size and

type of control system on the washer being tested. The values are as

shown in table 4.1.3.

Table 4.1.3.--Load Usage Factors

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Water Fill Control System Manual Manual Adaptive

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Manual or

Other Control Systems Manual Adaptive Adaptive

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Fmax= \1\.72 \2\.10 \3\.12

Favg= \2\.62 \3\.74

Fmin= \1\.28 \2\.28 \3\.14

------------------------------------------------------------------------

\1\ Reference 3.2.3.4

\2\ Reference 3.2.3.3.

\3\ Reference 3.2.3.2

4.1.4 Total Per-cycle hot water energy consumption using gas-

heated or oil-heated water. Calculate for the energy test cycle the

per-cycle hot water consumption, ETG, using gas heated or oil-

heated water, expressed in Btu per cycle (or megajoules per cycle)

and defined as:

ETG=ET x 1/e x 3412 Btu/kWh or ETG=ET x 1/

e x 3.3 MJ/kWh

Where:

e = Nominal gas or oil water heater efficiency = 0.75.

ET = As defined in 4.1.3.

4.1.5 Per-cycle machine electrical energy consumption for all

maximum, average, and minimum test load sizes. Calculate the total

per-cycle machine electrical energy consumption for the maximum

water fill level, MEmax, the minimum water fill level,

MEmin, and the average water fill level, MEavg, expressed

in kilowatt-hours per cycle and defined as:

(a) MEmax=[Emx x TUFm] +[Ehx x

TUFh]+[Ewx x

TUFw]+[Ecx x TUFc]+[ERx x TUFR]

(b) MEavg=[Ema

x TUFm][Eha

x TUFh]+[Ewa

x TUFw]+[Eca

x TUFc]+[ERa

x TUFR]

Note: Ema is the average of Ema+, Ema, and Ema-

if above average and below average test loads were required to be

tested. The same applies to Eha, Ewa, Eca, and

ERa.

(c) MEmin=[Emn

x TUFm]+[Ehn

x TUFh]+[Ewn

x TUFw]+[Ecn

x TUFc]+[ERn

x TUFR]

Where:

x, a, & n are the maximum, average, and minimum test load for the

clothes washer under test.

a+ & a- are the above average and below average test load

sizes for the clothes washer under test.

Emx, Ema+, Ema, Ema-, and Emn, are reported

electrical energy consumption values, in kilowatt-hours per cycle,

at maximum, above average, average, below average, and minimum test

loads, respectively, for the extra-hot wash cycle.

Ehx, Eha+, Eha, Eha-, and Ehn, are reported

electrical energy consumption values, in kilowatt-hours per cycle,

at maximum, above average, average, below average, and minimum test

loads, respectively, for the hot wash cycle.

Ewx, Ewa+, Ewa, Ewa-, and Ewn, are reported

electrical energy consumption values, in kilowatt-hours per cycle,

at maximum, above average, average, below average, and minimum test

loads, respectively, for the warm wash cycle.

Ecx, Eca+, Eca, Eca-, and Ecn, are reported

electrical energy consumption values, in kilowatt-hours per cycle,

at maximum, above average, average, below average, and minimum test

loads, respectively, for the cold wash cycle.

ERx, ERa+, ERa, ERa-, and ERn are reported

electrical energy consumption values, in kilowatt-hours per cycle,

at maximum, above average, average, below average, and minimum test

loads, respectively, for the warm rinse cycle.

TUFm, TUFh, TUFw, TUFc, and TUFR are as

defined in 4.1.1.

4.1.6 Total weighted per-cycle machine electrical energy

consumption. Calculate the total per cycle load size weighted energy

consumption, MET, expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle and

defined as:

MET=[MEmax x Fmax]

+[MEavg x Favg]

+[MEmin x Fmin]

Where:

MEmax, MEavg, and MEmin are as defined in 4.1.5.

Fmax, Favg, and Fmin are as defined in 4.1.3.

4.1.7 Total per-cycle energy consumption when electrically

heated water is used. Calculate for the energy test cycle the total

per-cycle energy consumption, ETE, using electrical heated

water, expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle and defined as:

ETE=ET

+MET

Where:

MET=As defined in 4.1.6.

ET=As defined in 4.1.3.

4.2 Water consumption of clothes washers.

4.2.1 Per-cycle water consumption. Calculate the maximum,

average, and minimum total water consumption, expressed in gallons

per cycle (or liters per cycle), for the cold wash/cold rinse cycle

and defined as:

Qmax=[Hcx

+Ccx]

Qavg=[Hca

+Cca]

Note: Hca is the average of Hca+, Hca, and

Hca- if above average and below average test loads were

required to be tested. The same applies to Cca.

Qmin=[Hcn

+Ccn]

Where:

Hcx, Ccx, Hca, Cca, Hcn, and Ccn are

as defined in 3.6.

4.2.2 Total weighted per-cycle water consumption. Calculate the

total weighted per cycle consumption, QT, expressed in gallons

per cycle (or liters per cycle) and defined as:

QT=[Qmax x Fmax]

+[Qavg x Favg]

+[Qmin x Fmin]

Where:

Qmax, Qavg, and Qmin are as defined in 4.2.1.

Fmax, Favg, and Fmin are as defined in 4.1.3.

4.2.3 Water consumption factor. Calculate the water consumption

factor, WCF, expressed in gallon per cycle per cubic feet (or liter

per cycle per liter), as:

WCF=QT/C

Where:

QT=as defined in section 4.2.2.

C=as defined in section 3.1.

4.3 Per-cycle energy consumption for removal of moisture from

test load. Calculate the per-cycle energy required to remove the

moisture of the test load, DE, expressed in kilowatt-hours per

cycle and defined as

DE=(LAF) x (Maximum test load weight)

x (RMCmax-4%) x (DEF) x (DUF)

Where:

LAF=Load adjustment factor=0.52.

Maximum test load weight=As shown in Table 5.1 expressed in lbs/

cycle.

RMCmax=As defined in 3.8.2.6 or 3.8.3.3.

DEF=nominal energy required for a clothes dryer to remove moisture

from clothes=0.5 kWh/lb (1.1 kWh/kg).

DUF=dryer usage factor, percentage of washer loads dried in a

clothes dryer=0.84.

4.4 Modified energy factor. Calculate the modified energy

factor, MEF, expressed in cubic feet per kilowatt-hour per cycle (or

[[Page 17602]]

liters per kilowatt-hour per cycle) and defined as:

MEF=C / (ETE+DE)

Where:

C=As defined in 3.1.4.

ETE=As defined in 4.1.7.

DE=As defined in 4.3.

5. Test Loads

Table 5.1.--Test Load Sizes

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Container volume cu. ft. a=The total number of adaptive control energy test cycles

Tm=The total number of manual control energy test cycles

The percentage weighing factors:

Pa=(Ta/T) x 100 (the percentage weighing for adaptive

control selection)

Pm=(Tm/T) x 100 (the percentage weighing for manual

control selection)

Energy consumption (ETE), calculated in section 4.1, and

water consumption (QT), calculated in section 4.2, shall be the

weighted average of the measured values using Pa and Pm as

the weighing factors.

[FR Doc. 96-9683 Filed 4-19-96; 8:45 am]

BILLING CODE 6450-01-P