National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants; Revision of Initial List of Categories of Sources and Schedule for Standards Under Sections 112(c) and (e) of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

[AD-FRL-5512-9]

National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants;

Revision of Initial List of Categories of Sources and Schedule for

Standards Under Sections 112(c) and (e) of the Clean Air Act Amendments

of 1990

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Notice of revisions to initial list of categories of major and

area sources, and revisions to promulgation schedule for standards.

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SUMMARY: This notice publishes revisions made or which have been

proposed to the initial list of categories of sources of hazardous air

pollutants (HAP), published in the Federal Register on July 16, 1992

(57 FR 31576), and to the schedule for the promulgation of emission

standards, which was published on December 3, 1993 (58 FR 63941) and

subsequently corrected on March 4, 1994 (59 FR 10461).

Today's notice meets the requirement in Section 112(c)(1) to

publish from time to time a list of all categories of sources,

reflecting revisions since the initial list was published. Several of

the revisions identified in today's notice have already been published

in actions associated with listing and promulgating emission standards

for individual source categories, and public comment has already been

taken in the context of those actions. Some of the revisions in today's

notice have not been reflected in any previous notices, and are being

taken without public comment on the Administrator's own motion. Such

revisions are deemed by EPA to be without need for public comment,

based on the nature of the actions. Other revisions have been only

proposed as of today's date, but are reflected nevertheless to be

inclusive of all list and schedule actions of probable interest to the

reader.

EFFECTIVE DATE: June 4, 1996.

ADDRESSES: Relevant information can be found in the two Federal

Register notices cited above in the SUMMARY section of this notice.

Docket: Docket No. A-90-49, containing supporting information used

in development of this notice, is available for public inspection and

copying between 8 a.m. and 5:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, at the

EPA's Air and Radiation Docket and Information Center, Waterside Mall,

room M-1500, first floor, 401 M Street, SW, Washington, D. C. 20460, or

by calling (202) 260-7548 or 260-7549. A reasonable fee may be charged

for copying.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For information concerning this

notice, contact Mr. David Svendsgaard, Emissions Standards Division

(MD-13), U.S. EPA, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards,

Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, telephone number (919)

541-2380.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

I. Background

The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 [Pub. L. 101-549] require,

under the revisions to Section 112, that the Agency list and promulgate

national emission standards for hazardous air pollutants (NESHAP) in

order to control, reduce, or otherwise limit the emissions of HAP from

categories of major and area sources. Pursuant to the various specific

listing requirements in Section 112(c), the Agency published on July

16, 1992 (57 FR 31576) an initial list of 174 categories of major and

area sources that would be henceforth subject to emission standards.

Following this listing, pursuant to requirements in Section 112(e), on

December 3, 1993 (58 FR 63941) the Agency published a schedule for the

promulgation of emission standards for each of the 174 listed source

categories. The reader is directed to these two notices for information

relating to development of the initial list and schedule.

There have been specific notices since the initial list and

schedule that have revised the list and schedule in the context of

actions relating to individual source categories. For example, on

November 12, 1993 (58 FR 60021), the Agency listed marine vessel

loading operations as a category of major sources, with standards to be

promulgated, pursuant to Section 112(c)(5), by the year 2000. As

another example, on September 8, 1994 (59 FR 46339), the Agency

promulgated standards for HAP emissions for industrial process cooling

towers. This latter action did not revise the list or schedule, per se,

but specifically delineated rule applicability by defining the affected

sources within the listed category. The Agency believes that defining

rule applicability and affected sources as part of standard setting

constitutes an important aspect of list revision. As was stated in the

original listing notice (57 FR 31576):

the Agency recognizes that these descriptions [in the initial list],

like the list itself, may be revised from time to time as better

information becomes available. The Agency intends to revise these

descriptions as part of the process of establishing standards for

each category. Ultimately, a definition of each listed category, or

subsequently listed subcategories, will be incorporated in each rule

establishing a NESHAP for a category.

Various other Agency actions may trigger the need for list and/or

schedule revisions. Included actions are:

--The Administrator is obligated to list any category of major sources.

Today's notice is listing seven

[[Page 28198]]

categories of major sources for which it did not have prior evidence

that at least one major source was present within the category. Two of

the seven additions were effected through previous Federal Register

notices, and are thereby reflected in today's notice. When a category

is added to the list after the initial listing, pursuant to Sections

112(c)(1) and (3), emission standards must be scheduled by November 15,

2000, or within 2 years after the date of listing, whichever is later,

to meet the requirements of Section 112(c)(5).

--The Agency may list categories of area sources pursuant to a number

of authorities in Section 112. One area source category-- secondary

lead smelting--has been added to the list since the initial listing

notice as part of a final regulatory action, and is reflected in

today's list.

--The Administrator may delete categories of sources on its own motion

or on petition. Five source categories which were previously believed

to be major source categories are being deleted from the list on the

Administrator's own motion in today's notice. This notice refers to one

area source category that has been deleted from the list under a

separate action. None of these deletions is as a result of petition.

--The Agency may revise the list to delineate the applicability of

``case-by-case'' emission standards pursuant to Section 112(j), in

instances where the Agency desires to delimit the affected sources

because it may not establish a Federal emission standard by the

deadline in the regulatory schedule for standards. No such revision is

made or reflected in today's notice.

--The Agency may revise the regulatory schedule for standards

associated with a listed source category, heeding the limitations in

Section 112 (discussed in 58 FR 63941). For example, the regulatory

schedule for one source category--dodecanedioic acid production--is, in

effect, moved forward in time, from the year 2000 to 1992, following

the determination to incorporate this category within the definition of

the synthetic organic chemical manufacturing source category (see 59 FR

19402). Today's notice specifies two such actions involving subsumption

of previously listed source categories, or segments of source

categories, within another category, and the corresponding change in

regulatory schedules. In each case, however, the action is not being

effected by today's notice, but rather has been effected (or proposed)

within other notices for which public comment has been (or is being)

taken.

--Other ``housekeeping'' measures. After investigation by the Agency,

it has been determined that the titles or descriptions of some

categories of sources can be amended to clarify applicability for the

ensuing emission standard, and other categories can be included under a

different, more appropriate industry group. In today's notice, two

categories of sources are renamed, three categories are reassigned to

different industry groups, and no categories are redefined (although in

most instances, descriptions of source categories have been refined

upon determining applicability at promulgation of the rule).

Section 112(e)(4) states that, notwithstanding Section 307 of the

Act, no action of the Administrator listing a source category or

subcategory under Section 112(c) shall be a final Agency action subject

to judicial review, except that any such action may be reviewed under

Section 307 when the Administrator issues emission standards for such

pollutant or category. Therefore, today's list is not a final Agency

action and is not subject to judicial review.

Prior to issuance of the initial source category list under Section

112(c)(1), the EPA published a draft initial list for public comment

(56 FR 28548; June 21, 1991). Although EPA was not required to take

public comment on the initial source category list, it believed it was

useful to solicit input on a number of issues related to the list.

Indeed, in most instances, even where there is no statutory requirement

to take comment, EPA solicits public comment on actions it is

contemplating. The EPA has, however, decided that it is unnecessary to

solicit additional public comment on the revisions reflected in today's

notice because interested parties have already had, or will have in the

future, the opportunity to provide comments on many of the revisions in

the context of individual actions relating to proposing and

promulgating emissions standards.

II. Description of Individual List and Schedule Revisions

The revised source category list and regulatory schedule,

reflecting all actions (with the exception of proposed actions) up to

today's date, is presented in Table 1. This table incorporates the

entire listing of source categories listed to this date, including

those listed initially as well as those listed subsequently. Table 1

also includes the updated schedule for establishing emission standards

under Section 112 for the listed categories, including actual rule

proposal or promulgation Federal Register citations. Table 1 is

formatted so that the reader can at once see all categories of major

and area sources that have been listed to date, the associated schedule

for standards, and any revisions effected by or reflected in today's

notice. Source categories and/or schedules for standards in Table 1

that are revised from the initial July 16, 1992 listing and December 3,

1993 schedule notices are footnoted or clearly marked for ease in

discerning where revisions have been made.

A. Addition of Categories of Major Sources

In response to new information, today's notice reflects the listing

of the following categories of major sources: Carbon Black Production,

Ethylene Processes, Flexible Polyurethane Foam Fabrication Operations,

Friction Products Manufacturing, Leather Tanning and Finishing

Operations, Marine Vessel Loading Operations, and Nitrile Resins

Production. Pursuant to Section 112(c)(5), each of the newly listed

categories of sources is scheduled for standards promulgation by

November 15, 2000. Descriptions of these source categories can be found

in Section II.I of today's notice. The reader is referred to Docket No.

A-90-49, Section VI-B, for more information supporting the listing of

the above seven source categories.

B. Addition of Categories of Area Sources

The various authorities to list and regulate area source categories

under Section 112 are all discretionary and/or require some sort of

finding or determination by the Administrator. The Agency believes that

any such area source listing action is therefore subject to public

comment and is consequently not being taken in today's notice. Instead,

todays notice merely reflects any such findings or determinations.

Today's notice reflects a June 23, 1995 notice (60 FR 32587)

finalizing the addition of secondary lead smelters as an area source

category. Accompanying this notice is a finding of threat of adverse

effects based on seven smelters that the Agency believes fit the

definition of an area source.

C. Delineation of Standard Applicability and Affected Sources Through

Standard Promulgation

Emission standards have been promulgated under Section 112 for

several source categories since the initial source category list and

schedule were published. Table 1 identifies the

[[Page 28199]]

Federal Register cite for each of these notices. These actions are

cited in today's notice because they revise the list in that they

delineate rule applicability by defining the affected sources within

the listed category.

D. Proposed Delineation of Standard Applicability and Affected Sources

Through Standard Proposal

Emission standards have been proposed under Section 112 for several

source categories since the initial source category list and schedule

were published. These actions are cited in today's notice principally

insofar as they propose to revise the list in that they will delineate

rule applicability by defining the affected sources within the listed

category. The reader is referred to Table 1 to obtain the Federal

Register citations for these categories of sources.

E. Name Changes for Listed Source Categories

The Agency has determined that the names of some source categories

are inappropriate, and is hereby changing them. The applicable

categories are:

1. Solid Waste Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facilities (TSDF)

On October 13, 1994 (59 FR 51913), the Agency proposed emission

standards for the Solid Waste TSDF source category and changed its

title to ``Off-Site Waste and Recovery Operations.'' As discussed in

that notice, this change was considered appropriate for two reasons.

First, it will help avoid confusion with the terms ``solid waste'' and

``treatment, storage, and disposal facilities.'' These terms have

specific meanings within the context of statutory and regulatory

requirements in existing rules established under authority of the

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), and this source category

would not include those facilities defined as solid waste treatment,

storage, and disposal facilities by the RCRA. Second, the name change

will better distinguish among the types of sources that will be subject

to the emission standard for this source category, rather than another

listed source category. Facilities within other source categories may

generate waste as a result of their own production activities, and may

elect to treat, store, dispose of, or recycle this waste on the same

site. Emissions from these waste operations will be addressed along

with the other emission points within the specific source category.

This source category specifically addresses only activities that manage

wastes received from off-site operations.

2. Butadiene Dimers Production

This major source category, under the ``miscellaneous processes''

grouping on the initial list, is being changed in name to

``tetrahydrobenzaldehyde production,'' under the same industrial

process grouping. The Agency has determined, based on comments, that

the butadiene dimer is produced by only one facility in the nation, as

a waste product from the tetrahydrobenzaldehyde process. The specific

dimer is 1,4-vinyl cyclohexane. Tetrahydrobenzaldehyde is the only

identified chemical under the butadiene dimers source category in the

initial list; therefore, changing the name of the source category will

not change the applicability of the subsequent emission standard or the

affected sources. This change will merely identify the correct chemical

the Agency intended to regulate pursuant to the initial list.

F. Inclusion of Listed Source Categories Under Different Industry

Groups

The Agency has determined that three source categories were

previously categorized under inappropriate industry groups and is

hereby moving these categories to more appropriate industrial groups

for purposes of correctness. In each case, the movement of the source

category will have no effect on the development or the promulgation

date of the NESHAP.

1. Butadiene Furfural Cotrimer (R-11) Production

This category was improperly listed in the initial list under the

``polymer and resins'' industry group. Butadiene furfural cotrimer is

an insecticide that is commonly used as a delousing agent for cows. It

is therefore appropriate to move this source category to the

``agricultural chemicals'' industry group.

2. Polyether Polyols Production

This category was improperly listed in the initial list under the

``miscellaneous'' industry group. Polyether polyols are defined as

addition polymers of cyclic ethers, which include a variety of end use

products ranging from low molecular weight polyglycols to high

molecular weight resins. It is therefore appropriate to move this

source category to the ``polymers and resins production'' industry

group.

3. Quaternary Ammonium Compounds Production

This category is more appropriately listed under the heading

``organic chemicals production,'' rather than the ``inorganic chemicals

production'' industry group. This compound is clearly an organic

chemical; thus, the previous determination to include this as an

inorganic chemical production was an error.

G. Subsumption of Listed Source Categories (or some affected sources

within) Under Other Listed Source Categories

1. The Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Source Category and

Dodecanedioic Acid Production

The source category ``Dodecanedioic Acid Production'' is being

removed from the list of major source categories because the production

of this chemical is being regulated under the Hazardous Organic NESHAP

(HON) (59 FR 19402; April 22, 1994). Based on public comment, the

Agency determined that dodecanedioic acid (DDDA) production is more

appropriately regulated as part of the synthetic organic chemical

manufacturing source category rather than as part of a separate source

category. Only one facility in the United States has been identified as

manufacturing DDDA, and much of the equipment used in the DDDA

production process is the same equipment used to manufacture

adiponitrile, which is included in the list of Synthetic Organic

Chemical Manufacturing Industry (SOCMI) chemicals regulated by the HON.

Thus, this chemical has been offically added to the list of SOCMI

chemicals subject to the HON.

2. Phthalate Plasticizers Production and the Synthetic Organic Chemical

Manufacturing Source Category

In the finalized HON, the EPA re-evaluated several chemicals,

including phthalate esters, which some commenters had claimed were not

SOCMI chemicals. The EPA agreed that phthalate esters were chemicals

used primarily as plasticizers, not as building blocks for other

chemical manufacturing. Thus, phthalate esters were removed from the

list of SOCMI chemicals covered under the HON. The Agency intends to

regulate the production of these esters under the separate source

category entitled ``phthalate plasticizers production,'' under the

miscellaneous processes industry group. The affected chemicals are

butyl benzyl phthalate, diallyl phthalate, dibutoxy ethyl phthalate,

diethyl phthalate, diisodecyl phthalate, diisooctyl phthalate, dimethyl

phthalate, di(2-methoxyethyl) phthalate, and lead phthalate.

[[Page 28200]]

H. Deletion of Source Categories on the Administrator's Own Motion

In today's notice, the EPA is deleting five major source categories

on the Administrator's own motion. The principal rationale for deletion

of these categories is that available data no longer support the

determination that any major sources are present in each category. As

articulated in the initial list notice (57 FR 31576), the Agency's

intent in listing categories of major sources is one of ``only

including categories of major sources where there was reasonable

certainty that at least one stationary source in the category is a

major source or where sources in the category are commonly located on

the premises of major sources.'' In addition, one area source

category--asbestos processing--has been delisted under a separate

action; the Agency compiled newer information which no longer supported

the finding of threat of adverse effect on which the initial listing

was based.

The Agency is not invoking the authority within Section 112(c)(9)

for deleting source categories. Under Section 112(c)(9)(B), the EPA may

delete a category of major or area sources from the list, based on

petition of any person or on the Administrator's own motion, upon a

determination that: (1) In the case of sources that emit HAP that may

result in cancer, no source in the category (or group of sources in the

case of area sources) emits HAP in quantities that may cause lifetime

cancer risk greater than one chance in one million to the most exposed

individual; or, (2) in the case of sources that emit HAP that may

result in non-cancer adverse health effects or adverse environmental

effects, emissions from no source in the category (or group of sources

in the case of area sources) exceed a level adequate to protect public

health with an ample margin of safety and no adverse environmental

effects will result. Instead, in today's notice, the Agency is simply

contending that the data originally used for listing were erroneous,

and that, based on newer data, the original listings are not warranted.

For the five major source categories deleted in today's notice, no

action is taken to list area sources within the same category. Any such

action would be taken (and comment requested) within the context of

other actions pursuant to the various authorities under Section 112 for

listing area source categories. The Agency has various authorities for

listing and regulating area source categories under Section 112, most

notably: it can make a finding of threat of adverse effect to human

health or the environment warranting regulation, under Section

112(c)(3); it can list categories of area sources emitting the seven

specific pollutants, under Section 112(c)(6); or it can list categories

of area sources emitting certain hazardous air pollutants per the

criteria of the area source program, under Section 112(k). The Agency

will examine area sources in the context of programs underway to

implement these various authorities, and list and regulate specific

area sources, as appropriate to meet the relevant requirements in the

Act. The Agency intends to solicit comment on any future action or

strategy specifically proposing to list and regulate particular area

source categories under Section 112.

The following does not include the categories of sources which are

being deleted from the list by way of subsumption into other listed

categories. See Section II.G of this notice for information on these

categories.

1. Asbestos Processing

The area source category of asbestos processing was included on the

initial list, accompanied by a finding of threat of adverse effects to

human health. The reader is referred to the original list notice (57 FR

31576) for details of this finding.

During development of the NESHAP for asbestos processing, the

Agency determined that the finding of adverse effects was based on

information which no longer applies to the asbestos processing

industry. Consequently, the asbestos processing source category has

been deleted from the source category list. For further information

regarding this delisting, the reader is referred to 60 FR 61550, which

was published on November 30, 1995.

2. Chromium Chemicals Manufacturing

The EPA is removing chromium chemicals manufacturing from the list

of categories of major sources. The EPA has determined that this

category contains no major sources.

There are only two chromium chemicals manufacturing facilities in

the United States. Chromium compounds is the only HAP emitted from

these facilities. Worst case estimates of potential emissions on a

chromium compound basis, considering both hexavalent and trivalent

forms, were compiled for each facility based on maximum production

capacity and actual measured emissions from all stacks and vents. The

resultant estimate of potential HAP emissions for each facility is

between 6.0 and 6.5 tons per year (tpy), which is clearly below the

major source threshold level.

Considering the carcinogenic potency of the chromium compounds

emitted, especially those in the hexavalent form, a quantitative risk

assessment was conducted by EPA to determine if regulation of area

sources would be warranted. In making the area source finding, the

Agency considered factors such as the number of sources in the

category, the quantity of HAP emissions from individual sources and

category-wide, the toxicity of the HAP emissions, and the potential for

individual and population exposures and risks. Population risks are

expressed in terms of annual incidence which is the total number of

cancer cases expected per year within the exposed population. In

contrast, individual risks are expressed in terms of maximum individual

``lifetime'' risks (MIR) which is an indicator of the probability of

contracting cancer due to continuous exposure over a lifetime to the

maximum, modeled, long-term concentration of a HAP discharged from a

source.

Results of the quantitative risk assessment shows annual incidence

attributable to both plants to be less than 0.01 case per year. The

calculated MIR for both plants ranged from 3 to 7 chances in 100,000.

About 200,000 persons are exposed to individual risks greater than 1 in

1 million. No persons are exposed to individual risks greater than 1 in

10,000.

Based on the results of the quantitative risk assessment and the

fact that there exists limited opportunities for additional HAP

reductions, due to the relatively high levels of control already

evident at each source, the EPA believes that an area source finding

for the chromium chemicals manufacturing source category is not

warranted.

3. Lead Acid Battery Manufacturing

The EPA is removing lead acid battery manufacturing from the list

of major source categories. Surveys conducted on this category indicate

there are no major sources currently operating.

The lead acid battery manufacturing source category includes 84

facilities. Lead compounds are the primary HAP of concern. A survey of

existing facilities was conducted to determine annual HAP emissions.

Respondents to the survey represent more than 90 percent of the total

lead acid battery production. The highest lead compound emission rate

reported by a facility was 2.8 tpy.

In addition, all existing facilities are currently subject to the

new source performance standards (NSPS) for lead

[[Page 28201]]

acid battery manufacturing plants. Any new facilities will also be

subject to these standards. The limits from the NSPS were combined with

model plant parameters to determine the emission levels from large

facilities. This analysis indicated that a large facility would emit a

maximum of 5 tpy of lead compounds.

The Toxic Release Information System (TRIS) data was reviewed for

the years 1991 and 1992 to determine emission levels of HAP other than

lead compounds. Of the 84 plants, the TRIS identified two battery

manufacturing plants as potential major sources of organic HAP.

However, upon contacting these plants to obtain current process and

emissions information, the EPA determined that the TRIS information was

no longer applicable. Specifically, one facility had altered part of

its process and had not been a major source since 1992, and the other

plant had been originally misclassified in the TRIS and was not

actually a lead acid battery manufacturer. Based on this information,

the EPA concludes that there are no major sources in the lead acid

battery manufacturing source category.

4. & 5. Non-Stainless Steel Manufacturing--Electric Arc Furnace (EAF)

Operation, Stainless Steel Manufacturing--EAF Operation

The EPA is removing the non-stainless and stainless steel electric

arc furnace (EAF) operation categories from the list of major source

categories. These operations are being removed since there are no

existing facilities which qualify as a major source.

Arsenic, antimony, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, lead,

manganese, mercury, nickel, and selenium are believed to be the only

HAP emitted from the EAF source categories. None of the existing

facilities emit any of these HAP in sufficient quantities to meet the

major source definition. Total facility emission estimates for the EAF

source categories were calculated by combining actual stack emission

data with ``worst case'' fugitive emission estimates. The results of

this analysis indicated these facilities would emit about one-half of

the amount of HAP which would classify them as major sources. In

addition, existing facilities are already subject to the NSPS for EAF

operations which regulate the air pollution control device outlet

concentration and visible emissions from the EAF meltshop. Any new

facilities would also be subject to the NSPS.

6. Wood Treatment

The EPA is removing the wood treatment category from the list of

major source categories. Wood treatment is being removed because EPA

has determined there are no existing facilities which qualify as a

major source.

Naphthalene, benzene, toluene, formaldehyde, pentachloro-phenol,

arsenic compounds, and chromium compounds are the primary HAP emitted

from wood treatment facilities that are of potential concern. None of

the existing facilities emit any of these HAP in sufficient quantities

to meet the major source definition. Chromium and arsenic compounds are

emitted in quantities less than 100 pounds per year. Pentachlorophenol

emissions from a ``worst case'' treatment facility were estimated to be

less than one tpy.

For creosote treatment facilities, emissions test results, combined

with ``worst case'' estimates of fugitive emissions, were used to

determine total emissions of creosote components. Emissions of

individual HAP were well under 10 tpy, and total HAP emissions were

significantly less than 25 tpy. Therefore, the EPA is deleting this

category from the source category list after concluding that there are

no major sources in the category.

I. Descriptions of Newly Added Source Categories

The following presents descriptions for source categories that have

been added to the list since publication of the initial list of source

categories, either through today's notice or through previous actions.

For general descriptions of other categories previously established and

listed in Table 1, the reader is referred to Docket No. A-90-49, Item

No. IV-A-55 (EPA-450/3-91-030, entitled ``Documentation for Developing

the Initial Source Category List''). For subsequent changes to

descriptions of source categories for which a rule has been

promulgated, the reader is advised to consult Table 1 for the citation

of the Federal Register notice which will include the amended

definition and corresponding rule applicability.

1. Carbon Black Manufacturing

This source category includes facilities that manufacture carbon

black using the channel, thermal, or furnace process. The primary

emission point for the process offgases from the main filter unit. HAP

emitted include carbonyl sulfide, carbon disulfide, and hydrogen

cyanide. Carbon black is used to color and strengthen industrial rubber

products, primarily automotive tires, belts, and hoses. Other major end

uses for carbon black include specialty black coloring used in toner

cartridges for copying machines and colorants in inks, paints, and

vinyl plastic.

2. Ethylene Processes

The finalized HON excluded ethylene processes from applicability

under that standard and defined the scope of an ethylene process unit

as follows:

``Ethylene processes'' includes any chemical manufacturing process

unit in which ethylene and/or propylene are produced by separation from

petroleum refining process streams or by subjecting hydrocarbons to

high temperatures in the presence of steam. The ethylene process unit

includes the separation of ethylene and/or propylene from associated

streams such as a C4 product, pyrolysis gasoline, and pyrolysis

fuel oil. The ethylene process does not include the manufacture of

SOCMI chemicals such as the production of butadiene from the C4

stream and aromatics from pyrolysis gasoline.

3. Flexible Polyurethane Foam Fabrication Operations

The flexible polyurethane foam fabrication operations source

category includes facilities engaged in cutting, gluing, and/or

laminating pieces of flexible polyurethane foam. This includes

fabrication operations which are located at the sites of foam

production plants as well as those which are located off-site of foam

plants. Emissions from foam fabrication primarily result from the use

of HAP-based adhesives in the gluing process. Methylene chloride is

currently the most frequently used HAP in adhesives.

4. Friction Products Manufacturing

This source category includes facilities and processes that

manufacture or remanufacture friction products including automobile

brake linings and disc pads. HAP are emitted from solvents added during

the proportioning and mixing of raw materials and the solvents

contained in the adhesives used to bond the linings to the brake shoes.

Most HAP emissions occur during heated processes such as curing,

bonding and debonding processes. Pollutants from friction products

facilities include phenol, toluene, methyl chloroform and

methylethylketone.

5. Leather Tanning and Finishing Operations

The leather tanning and finishing source category includes

facilities and processes that use chemical and

[[Page 28202]]

mechanical processes to produce leather having hundreds of different

finished characteristics. Leather tanning involves primarily wet

chemical processes that produce a stable, usable product. Leather

finishing involves a number of conditioning and enhancement processes

that give tanned leather distinctive and desirable qualities required

by end users of the material. Sources of HAP emissions in the leather

tanning and finishing processes include leather finishing operations,

waterproofing operations, solvent degreasing operations, and

miscellaneous fugitive sources. HAP from this category include toluene,

xylene, glycol ethers, methyl isobutyl ketone, and methyl ethyl ketone.

6. Marine Vessel Loading Operations

This source category includes marine terminals which emit HAP from

the direct loading and unloading of bulk liquids from marine vessels.

This category does not include emissions from offshore vessel-to-vessel

bulk liquid transfer operations (i.e., lightering operations).

The reader is also referred to a September 19, 1995 notice (60 FR

48399) for specific applicability of the marine vessel loading

operations source category.

7. Nitrile Resins Production

The nitrile resins production source category includes any facility

which polymerizes acrylonitrile, methyl acrylate, and butadiene latex

using an emulsion process.

The reader is also referred to a March 29, 1995 notice (60 FR

16090) for proposed applicability of the nitrile resins production

source category.

8. Secondary Lead Smelting (Category of Area Sources)

The reader is referred to a June 23, 1995 notice (60 FR 32587) for

specific applicability of the secondary lead smelting area source

category.

III. Administrative Requirements

A. Docket

The docket for this regulatory action is A-90-49. The docket is an

organized and complete file of all the information submitted to or

otherwise considered by the Agency in the development of this revised

list of categories of sources and revised schedule for standards. The

principal purpose of this docket is to allow interested parties to

identify and locate documents that serve as a record of the process

engaged in by the Agency to publish today's revision to the initial

list and schedule. The docket is available for public inspection at the

EPA's Air and Radiation Docket and Information Center, which is listed

in the ADDRESSES section of this notice.

B. Regulatory Requirements

1. General

Today's notice is not a rule; it is essentially a housekeeping or

maintenance activity which does not impose regulatory requirements or

costs. Therefore, the EPA has not prepared an assessment of the

potential costs and benefits pursuant to Executive Order 12866, nor an

economic impact analysis pursuant to Section 317, nor a regulatory

flexibility analysis pursuant to the Regulatory Flexibility Act (Pub.

L. 96-354, September 19, 1980), nor a budgetary impact statement

pursuant to the Unfunded Mandates Act of 1995. Also, this notice does

not contain any information collection requirements and, therefore, is

not subject to the Paperwork Reduction Act, 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.

2. Executive Order 12866 and Office of Management and Budget (OMB)

Review

Under Executive Order 12866 (58 FR 51735; October 4, 1993), the

Agency must determine whether a regulatory action is ``significant''

and therefore subject to OMB review and the requirements of the

Executive Order. The Order defines ``significant'' regulatory action as

one that is likely to lead to a rule that may either (1) have an annual

effect on this economy of $100 million or more, or adversely and

materially affecting a sector of the economy, productivity,

competition, jobs, the environment, public health or safety, or State,

local or tribal governments or communities; (2) create a serious

inconsistency or otherwise interfere with an action taken or planned by

another agency; (3) materially alter the budgetary impact of

entitlements, grants, user fees, or loan programs or the rights and

obligations of recipients thereof; or (4) raise novel legal or policy

issues arising out of legal mandates, the President's priorities, or

the principles set forth in the Executive Order.

Pursuant to the terms of Executive Order 12866, it has been decided

that this is a ``significant regulatory action'' within the meaning of

the Executive Order. For this reason, this action underwent OMB review.

The OMB reviewed and released the action without recommending any

changes.

Dated: May 17, 1996.

Mary Nichols,

Assistant Administrator for Air and Radiation.

Table 1.--Categories of Sources of Hazardous Air Pollutants and

Regulation Promulgation Schedule By Industry Group

[Revision date: May 17, 1996]

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Scheduled promulgation

Industry group, source category a Date/Federal Register

Citation b

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Fuel combustion:

Engine Test Facilities................... 11/15/00

Industrial Boilers c..................... 11/15/00

Institutional/Commercial Boilers c....... 11/15/00

Process Heaters.......................... 11/15/00

Stationary Internal Combustion Engines c. 11/15/00

Stationary Turbines c.................... 11/15/00

Non-ferrous metals processing:

Lead Acid Battery Manufacturing.......... Deleted

Primary Aluminum Production.............. 11/15/97

Primary Copper Smelting.................. 11/15/97

Primary Lead Smelting.................... 11/15/97

Primary Magnesium Refining............... 11/15/00

Secondary Aluminum Production............ 11/15/97

[[Page 28203]]

Secondary Lead Smelting.................. 11/15/94

60 FR 32587 (F)

Ferrous metals processing:

Coke By-Product Plants................... 11/15/00

Coke Ovens: Charging, Top Side, and Door 12/31/92

Leaks.

58 FR 57898 (F)

59 FR 01922 (C)

Coke Ovens: Pushing, Quenching, and 11/15/00

Battery Stacks.

Ferroalloys Production................... 11/15/97

Integrated Iron and Steel Manufacturing.. 11/15/00

Iron Foundries........................... 11/15/00

Non-Stainless Steel Manufacturing-- Deleted

Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) Operation.

Stainless Steel Manufacturing--Electric Deleted

Arc Furnace (EAF) Operation.

Steel Foundries.......................... 11/15/00

Steel Pickling--HCl Process.............. 11/15/97

Mineral products processing:

Alumina Processing....................... 11/15/00

Asphalt Concrete Manufacturing........... 11/15/00

Asphalt Processing....................... 11/15/00

Asphalt Roofing Manufacturing............ 11/15/00

Asphalt/Coal Tar Application--Metal Pipes 11/15/00

Chromium Refractories Production......... 11/15/00

Clay Products Manufacturing.............. 11/15/00

Lime Manufacturing....................... 11/15/00

Mineral Wool Production.................. 11/15/97

Portland Cement Manufacturing............ 11/15/97

Taconite Iron Ore Processing............. 11/15/00

Wool Fiberglass Manufacturing............ 11/15/97

Petroleum and natural gas production and

refining:

Oil and Natural Gas Production........... 11/15/97

Petroleum Refineries--Catalytic Cracking 11/15/97

(Fluid and other) Units, Catalytic

Reforming Units, and Sulfur Plant Units.

Petroleum Refineries--Other Sources Not 11/15/94

Distinctly Listed.

60 FR 43244 (F)

60 FR 49976 (C)

Liquids distribution:

Gasoline Distribution (Stage 1).......... 11/15/94

59 FR 64303 (F)

60 FR 07627 (C)

60 FR 32912 (C)

60 FR 43244 (A)

60 FR 56133 (a)

60 FR 62991 (S)

Marine Vessel Loading Operations......... 11/15/00

60 FR 48399 (F)

Organic Liquids Distribution (Non- 11/15/00

Gasoline).

Surface coating processes:

Aerospace Industries..................... 11/15/94

60 FR 45948 (F)

Auto and Light Duty Truck (Surface 11/15/00

Coating).

Flat Wood Paneling (Surface Coating)..... 11/15/00

Large Appliance (Surface Coating)........ 11/15/00

Magnetic Tapes (Surface Coating)......... 11/15/94

59 FR 64580 (F)

Manufacture of Paints, Coatings, and 11/15/00

Adhesives.

Metal Can (Surface Coating).............. 11/15/00

Metal Coil (Surface Coating)............. 11/15/00

Metal Furniture (Surface Coating)........ 11/15/00

Miscellaneous Metal Parts and Products 11/15/00

(Surface Coating).

Paper and Other Webs (Surface Coating)... 11/15/00

Plastic Parts and Products (Surface 11/15/00

Coating).

[[Page 28204]]

Printing, Coating, and Dyeing of Fabrics. 11/15/00

Printing/Publishing (Surface Coating) g.. 11/15/94

60 FR 13664 (P)

60 FR 16920 (C)

Shipbuilding and Ship Repair (Surface 11/15/94

Coating).

60 FR 64330 (F)

Wood Furniture (Surface Coating)......... 11/15/94

60 FR 62930 (F)

Waste treatment and disposal:

Hazardous Waste Incineration............. 11/15/00

Municipal Landfills...................... 11/15/00

Off-Site Waste and Recovery Operations f. 11/15/94

59 FR 51913 (P)

59 FR 65744 (R)

Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTW) 11/15/95

Emissions.

Sewage Sludge Incineration............... 11/15/00

Site Remediation......................... 11/15/00

Solid Waste Treatment, Storage and Renamed

Disposal Facilities (TSDF).

Agricultural chemicals production:

4-Chloro-2-Methylphenoxyacetic Acid 11/15/97

Production.

2,4-D Salts and Esters Production........ 11/15/97

Butadiene-Furfural Cotrimer (R-11) 11/15/00

Production d.

Captafol Production d.................... 11/15/97

Captan Production d...................... 11/15/97

Chloroneb Production d................... 11/15/97

Chlorothalonil Production d.............. 11/15/97

Dacthal (tm) Production d................ 11/15/97

Sodium Pentachlorophenate Production g... 11/15/97

Tordon (tm) Acid Production d............ 11/15/97

Fibers production processes:

Acrylic Fibers/Modacrylic Fibers 11/15/97

Production.

Rayon Production......................... 11/15/00

Spandex Production....................... 11/15/00

Food and agriculture processes:

Baker's Yeast Manufacturing.............. 11/15/00

Cellulose Food Casting Manufacturing..... 11/15/00

Vegetable Oil Production................. 11/15/00

Pharmaceutical production processes:

Pharmaceuticals Production d............. 11/15/97

Polymers and resins production:

Acetal Resins Production................. 11/15/97

Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene 11/15/94

Production.

60 FR 16090 (P)

Alkyd Resins Production.................. 11/15/00

Amino Resins Production.................. 11/15/97

Boat Manufacturing....................... 11/15/00

Butadiene Furfural Cotrimer (R-11) Moved

Production.

Butyl Rubber Production.................. 11/15/94

60 FR 30801 (P)

Carboxymethylcellulose Production........ 11/15/00

Cellophane Production.................... 11/15/00

Cellulose Ethers Production.............. 11/15/00

Epichlorohydrin Elastomers Production.... 11/15/94

60 FR 30801 (P)

Epoxy Resins Production.................. 11/15/94

60 FR 12670 (F)

Ethylene-Propylene Rubber Production..... 11/15/94

60 FR 30801 (P)

[[Page 28205]]

Flexible Polyurethane Foam Production.... 11/15/97

Hypalon (tm) Production d................ 11/15/94

60 FR 30801 (P)

Maleic Anhydride Copolymers Production... 11/15/00

Methylcellulose Production............... 11/15/00

Methyl Methacrylate-Acrylonitrile- 11/15/94

Butadiene-Styrene Production d.

60 FR 16090 (P)

Methyl Methacrylate-Butadiene-Styrene 11/15/94

Terpolymers Production d.

60 FR 16090 (P)

Neoprene Production...................... 11/15/94

60 FR 30801 (P)

Nitrile Butadiene Rubber Production...... 11/15/94

60 FR 30801 (P)

Nitrile Resins Production................ 11/15/00

60 FR 16090 (P)

Non-Nylon Polyamides Production.......... 11/15/94

60 FR 12670 (F)

Nylon 6 Production....................... 11/15/97

Phenolic Resins Production............... 11.15.97

Polybutadiene Rubber Production d........ 11/15/94

60 FR 30801 (P)

Polycarbonates Production d.............. 11/15/97

Polyester Resins Production.............. 11/15/00

Polyether Polyols Production............. 11/15/97

Polyethylene Terephthalate Production g.. 11/15/94

60 FR 16090 (P)

Polymerized Vinylidene Chloride 11/15/00

Production.

Polymethyl Methacrylate Resins Production 11/15/00

Polystyrene Production................... 11/15/94

60 FR 16090 (P)

Polysulfide Rubber Production d.......... 11/15/94

60 FR 30801 (P)

Polyvinyl Acetate Emulsions Production... 11/15/00

Polyvinyl Alcohol Production............. 11/15/00

Polyvinyl Butyral Production............. 11/15/00

Polyvinyl Chloride and Copolymers 11/15/00

Production.

Reinforced Plastic Composites Production. 11/15/97

Styrene-Acrylonitrile Production g....... 11/15/94

60 FR 16090 (P)

Styrene-Butadiene Rubber and Latex 11/15/94

Production d.

60 FR 3080 (P)

Production of inorganic chemicals:

Ammonium Sulfate Production--Caprolactam 11/15/00

By-Product Plants.

Antimony Oxides Manufacturing............ 11/15/00

Carbon Black Production.................. 11/15/00

Chlorine Production d.................... 11/15/97

Chromium Chemicals Manufacturing......... Deleted

Cyanuric Chloride Production............. 11/15/97

Fume Silica Production................... 11/15/00

Hydrochloric Acid Production............. 11/15/00

Hydrogen Cyanide Production.............. 11/15/97

Hydrogen Fluoride Production............. 11/15/00

Phosphate Fertilizers Production......... 11/15/00

Phosphoric Acid Manufacturing............ 11/15/00

Quaternary Ammonium Compounds Production. Moved

[[Page 28206]]

Sodium Cyanide Production................ 11/15/97

Uranium Hexafluoride Production.......... 11/15/00

Production of organic chemicals

Ethylene Processes....................... 11/15/00

Quarternary Ammonium Compounds Production 11/15/00

Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing. 11/15/92

59 FR 19402 (F)

59 FR 29196 (A)

59 FR 48175 (C)

59 FR 53359 (S)

59 FR 53392 (a)

59 FR 54131 (S)

59 FR 54154 (a)

60 FR 05320 (S)

60 FR 18020 (A)

60 FR 18071 (a)

Miscellaneous processes

Aerosol Can-Filling Facilities........... 11/15/00

Benzyltrimethylammonium Chloride 11/15/00

Production.

Butadiene Dimers Production.............. Renamed

Carbonyl Sulfide Production.............. 11/15/00

Chelating Agents Production.............. 11/15/00

Chlorinated Paraffins Production d....... 11/15/00

Chromic Acid Anodizing................... 11/15/94

60 FR 04948 (F)

60 FR 27598 (C)

60 FR 33122 (C)

Commercial Dry Cleaning 11/15/92

(Perchloroethylene)--Transfer Machines. 58 FR 49354 (F)

58 FR 66287 (A)

Commercial Sterilization Facilities...... 11/15/94

59 FR 62585 (F)

Decorative Chromium Electroplating....... 11/15/94

60 FR 04948 (F)

60 FR 27598 (C)

60 FR 33122 (C)

Dodecanedioic Acid Production............ Subsumed

Dry Cleaning (Petroleum Solvent)......... 11/15/00

Ethylidene Norbornene Production d....... 11/15/00

Explosives Production.................... 11/15/00

Flexible Polyurethane Foam Fabrication 11/15/00

Operations.

Friction Products Manufacturing.......... 11/15/00

Halogenated Solvent Cleaners............. 11/15/94

59 FR 61801 (F)

59 FR 67750 (C)

60 FR 29484 (C)

Hard Chromium Electroplating............. 11/15/94

60 FR 04948 (F)

60 FR 27598 (C)

60 FR 33122 (C)

Hydrazine Production..................... 11/15/00

[[Page 28207]]

Industrial Cleaning (Perchloroethylene)-- 11/15/92

Dry-to-dry machines. 58 FR 49354 (F)

58 FR 66287 (A)

Industrial Dry Cleaning 11/15/92

(Perchloroethylene)--Transfer Machines. 58 FR 49354 (F)

58 FR 66287 (A)

Industrial Process Cooling Towers........ 11/15/94

59 FR 46339 (F)

Leather Tanning and Finishing Operations. 11/15/00

OBPA/1,3-Diisocyanate Production d....... 11/15/00

Paint Stripper Users..................... 11/15/00

Photographic Chemicals Production........ 11/15/00

Phthalate Plasticizers Production........ 11/15/00

Plywood/Particle Board Manufacturing..... 11/15/00

Polyether Polyols Production............. Moved

Pulp and Paper Production................ 11/15/97

58 FR 66078 (P)

59 FR 12567 (C)

61 FR 09383 (P)

Rocket Engine Test Firing................ 11/15/00

Rubber Chemicals Manufacturing........... 11/15/00

Semiconductor Manufacturing.............. 11/15/00

Symmetrical Tetrachloropyridine 11/15/00

Production d.

Tetrahydrobenzaldehyde Production........ 11/15/97

Tire Production.......................... 11/15/00

Wood Treatment........................... Deleted

Categories of area sources: e

Asbestos Processing...................... Deleted

Chromic Acid Anodizing................... 11/15/94

60 FR 04948 (F)

60 FR 27598 (C)

60 FR 33122 (C)

Commercial Dry Cleaning 11/15/92

(Perchloroethylene)--Dry-to-Dry Machines. 58 FR 49354 (F)

58 FR 66287 (A)

Commercial Dry Cleaning 11/15/92

(Perchloroethylene) Transfer Machines. 58 FR 49354 (F)

58 FR 66287 (A)

Commercial Sterilization Facilities...... 11/15/94

59 FR 62585 (F)

Decorative Chromium Electroplating....... 11/15/94

60 FR 04948 (F)

60 FR 27598 (C)

60 FR 33122 (C)

Halogenated Solvent Cleaners............. 11/15/94

59 FR 61801 (F)

59 FR 67750 (C)

60 FR 29484 (C)

[[Page 28208]]

Hard Chromium Electroplating............. 11/15/94

60 FR 04948 (F)

60 FR 27598 (C)

60 FR 33122 (C)

Secondary Lead Smelting.................. 11/15/00

60 FR 32587 (F)

------------------------------------------------------------------------

a Only major sources within any category shall be subject to emission

standards under Section 112 unless a finding is made of a threat of

adverse effects to human health or the environment for the area

sources in a category. All listed categories are exclusive of any

specific operations or processes included under other categories that

are listed separately.

b The markings in the ``Scheduled Promulgation Date/Federal Register

Citation'' column of Table 1 denote the following:

(A): amendment to a final rulemaking action

(A): proposed amendment to a final rulemaking action

(C): correction (or clarification) published subsequent to a proposed

or final rulemaking action

(F): final rulemaking action

(P): proposed rulemaking action

(R): reopening of a proposed action for public comment

(S): announcement of a stay, or partial stay, of the rule requirements

Moved: the source category is relocated to a more appropriate industry

group

Subsumed: the source category is included within the definition of

another listed category and therefore is no longer listed as a

separate source category

Renamed: the title of this source category is changed to a more

appropriate title

Deleted: the source category is officially removed from the source

category list

c Sources defined as electric utility steam generating units under

Section 112 (A)(8) shall not be subject to emission standards pending

the findings of the study required under Section 112(n)(1).

d Equipment handling specific chemicals for these categories or subsets

of these categories are subject to a negotiated standard for equipment

leaks contained in the Hazardous Organic NESHAP (HON), which was

promulgated on April 22, 1994. The HON includes a negotiated standard

for equipment leaks from the SOCMI category and 20 non-SOCMI

categories (or subsets of these categories). The specific processes

affected within the categories are listed in Section XX.X0 (C) of the

March 6, 1991 Federal Register notice (56 FR 9315).

e A finding of threat of adverse effects to human health or the

environment was made for each category of area sources listed.

The following footnotes apply to source categories that are subject to

court ordered promulgation deadlines (differing from the above listed

regulatory deadlines) in accordance with a consent decree entered in

Sierra Club v. Browner, Case No. 93-0124 (And related cases) (D.C.

Dist. Ct.).

f judicial deadline: 05/13/96

g judicial deadline: 05/15/96

[FR Doc. 96-13824 Filed 6-3-96; 8:45 am]

BILLING CODE 6560-50-P