National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Source Categories: Aerospace Manufacturing and Rework Facilities

SUMMARY: National emission standards for hazardous air pollutants

(NESHAP) for aerospace manufacturing and rework facilities were

proposed in the Federal Register on June 6, 1994. This Federal Register

action announces the EPA's final decisions on the rule and promulgates

the NESHAP for aerospace manufacturing and rework facilities. Aerospace

manufacturing and rework operations emit many of the pollutants

identified in the Clean Air Act (Act) list of 189 hazardous air

pollutants (HAP). The intent of the standards is to protect public

health by requiring existing and new major sources to control emissions

to the level achievable by the maximum achievable control technology

(MACT) consistent with section 112(d) of the Act.

The HAP listed in Section 112(b)(1) emitted by aerospace facilities

that would be covered by this final rule include, chromium, cadmium,

methylene chloride, toluene, xylene, methyl ethyl ketone, ethylene

glycol and glycol ethers. This rule will reduce nationwide emissions of

HAP from at least 2,869 major source aerospace manufacturing and rework

facilities by approximately 112,600 Mg (123,700 tons).

DATES: This regulation is effective on September 1, 1995. The

incorporation by reference of certain publications listed in the

regulation is approved by the Office of the Federal Register as of

September 1, 1995. See the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section concerning

judicial review.

ADDRESSES: Background Information Document. The background information

document (BID) for the promulgated standards may be obtained from the

U.S. Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service

(NTIS), Springfield, Virginia 22161, telephone (703) 487-4650. Please

refer to ``Hazardous Air Pollutant Emissions from Aerospace

Manufacturing and Rework Operations--Background Information for

Promulgated Standards'' (EPA-453/R-94-036b). The BID contains: (1) a

summary of all the public comments made on the proposed standards and

the Administrator's responses to the comments, and (2) a summary of the

changes made to the standards since proposal.

An electronic version of the promulgation BID as well as this

preamble and final rule are available for download from the EPA's

Technology Transfer Network (TTN), a network of electronic bulletin

boards developed and operated by the Office of Air Quality Planning and

Standards. The TTN provides information and technology exchange in

various areas of air pollution control. The service is free, except for

the cost of a phone call. Dial (919) 541-5742 for data transfer of up

to a 14,400 bits per second (bps) modem. If more information on the TTN

is needed, contact the systems operator at (919) 541-5384.

Docket. Docket No. A-92-20, containing supporting information used

in developing the promulgated standards, is available for public

inspection and copying from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m., Monday through Friday,

including all non-Government holidays, at the EPA's Air and Radiation

Docket and Information Center (formerly known as the Air Docket),

Waterside Mall, room M-1500, Ground Floor, 401 M Street, S.W.,

Washington, DC 20460; telephone (202) 260-7548. A reasonable fee may be

charged for copying.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For general or technical information

concerning the standards, contact Ms. Vickie Boothe, Emission Standards

Division (MD-13), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research

Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711; telephone (919) 541-0164.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Under section 307(b)(1) of the Act, judicial

review of NESHAP is available only by filing a petition for review in

the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit within

60 days of today's publication of this final rule. Under section

307(b)(2) of the Act, the requirements that are the subject of today's

notice may not be challenged later in civil or criminal proceedings

brought by the EPA to enforce these requirements. The information

presented in this preamble is organized as follows:

I. The Standards

II. Summary of Considerations in Developing the Rule

A. Purpose of Regulation

B. Summary of Impacts

III. Significant Changes to the Proposed Standards

A. Public Participation

B. Comments on the Proposed Standards

C. Significant Changes

IV. Administrative Requirements

A. Docket

B. Paperwork Reduction Act

C. Executive Order 12866

D. Regulatory Flexibility Act

E. Regulatory Review

F. Unfunded Mandate Act

I. The Standards

National emission standards for hazardous air pollutants

established under section 112 of the Act must

reflect the maximum degree of reduction in emissions of the

hazardous air pollutants subject to this section (including a

prohibition on such emissions, where achievable) that the

Administrator, taking into consideration the cost of achieving such

emission reduction, and any nonair quality health and environmental

impacts and energy requirements, determines is achievable for new or

existing sources in the category or subcategory to which such

emission standard applies . . . [section 112(d)(2)].

The promulgated standards include multiple alternatives to allow

owners or operators maximum compliance flexibility. A summary of the

final standards is contained in Table 1.

Table 1. Summary of Subpart GG of 40 CFR Part 63--National Emission Standards for Aerospace Manufacturing and

Rework Facilities

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Affected Source and Requirement Description

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Aerospace Facilities

Applicability:

General Information........ This rule applies to facilities engaged in original equipment manufacture

and/or rework of aerospace components and assemblies and that are major

sources as defined in 40 CFR part 63. Specific operations are covered by

the rule. (63.741)

Estimated Number of Over 2,800 facilities are expected to be affected by the rule. Applicable

Facilities. SIC codes include 3720, 3721, 3724, 3728, 3760, 3761, 3764, 3765, and

4581.

[[Page 45949]]

Permit Requirements........ Major sources required to obtain operating permit in State where facility

is located according to procedures in 40 CFR part 70 and applicable State

regulations. (63.741(d))

All Affected Sources

Standards.................. 1. Comply with Sec. 63.4 through Sec. 63.6 of the General Provisions of

40 CFR part 63, subpart A.a (63.743(a))

2. Submit an operation and maintenance plan, except for new sources or

filter systems operated per manufacturer's instructions. (63.743(b))

3. Obtain approval to use control device not listed in this subpart.

(63.743(c))

Compliance Dates........... As provided for in the General Provisions, within 3 years after the

effective date for existing sources and no later than the standards'

effective date or upon startup, as appropriate, for new and reconstructed

sources. (63.749(a))

Test Methods and Procedures See individual affected sources. Also, comply with Sec. 63.7 of the

General Provisions. (63.750(o))

Monitoring Requirements.... See individual affected sources. Also, generally same as in Sec. 63.8(f)

and (g) of the General Provisions. (63.751(e) and (f))

Recordkeeping Requirements. Comply with parts of Sec. 63.10 of the General Provisions. (63.752(a))

Reporting Requirements..... 1. See individual affected sources. Comply with parts of Sec. 63.9 and

Sec. 63.10 of the General Provisions. Semiannual reports or annual if

compliant. (63.753(a)(1) and (3))

2. Operating permit application can be used for initial notification.

(63.753(a)(2))

Cleaning Operations:

Standards.................. Housekeeping measures for all cleaning operations at a facility subject to

this subpart. Measures address placing solvent laden cloth or paper in

closed containers, storing fresh and used cleaning solvent in closed

containers, and minimizing spills during handling and transfer.

(63.744(a))

Test Methods and Procedures See individual affected sources.

Monitoring Requirements.... See individual affected sources.

Recordkeeping Requirements. The name and vapor pressure of each cleaning solvent, and supporting

documentation. (63.752(b)(1))

Hand-Wipe Cleaning Operations:

Standards.................. 1. Except for spray gun and flush cleaning, all HAP or VOC hand-wipe

cleaning solvents must meet a composition requirement, have a vapor

pressure less than 45 mm Hg at 20 deg.C, or meet the requirements

specified in an alternative compliance plan administered by the permitting

authority and approved under Section 112(l) of the Clean Air Act.

(63.744(b))

2. List of cleaning operations exempt from composition and vapor pressure

requirements. (63.744(e))

Test Methods and Procedures 1. Composition determination through manufacturer's data. (63.750(a))

2. Vapor pressure determination through readily available sources if single

component; ASTM E 260-91 and composite vapor pressure determination

procedure for multiple component solvents. (63.750(b))

Monitoring Requirements.... None.

Recordkeeping Requirements. 1. If complying with composition requirements, name, data/calculations, and

annual volumes. (63.752(b)(2))

2. If complying with vapor pressure limit, the name, vapor pressure, data/

calculations/test results, and monthly volumes. (63.752(b)(3))

3. For noncompliant cleaning solvents used in exempt operations, monthly

volumes by operation, and master list of processes. (63.752(b)(4))

Reporting Requirements..... Semiannual

1. Noncompliant solvent usage. (63.753(b)(1)(ii))

2. New solvents and vapor pressure or composition. (63.753(b)(1)(iii))

Hand-Wipe Cleaning Operations

(cont.)Reporting Requirements

(cont.)

3. Statement certifying everything

is in compliance. (63.753(b)(2))

Spray Gun Cleaning:

Standards.................. 1. Use one of four specified techniques or an equivalent. (63.744(c))

2. For enclosed spray gun cleaners, repair as soon as practicable, but

within 15 days. (63.744(c)(1)(ii))

Test Methods and Procedures None.

Monitoring Requirements.... Visual inspection for leaks at least once per month. (63.751(a))

Recordkeeping Requirements. Record all leaks, including source identification and dates leaks found and

repaired. (63.752(b)(5))

Reporting Requirements..... Semiannual

1. Noncompliant spray gun cleaning method used. (63.753(b)(1)(iii))

2. Leaks of enclosed spray gun cleaners not repaired within 15 days of

detection. (63.753(b)(1)(iv))

3. Statement certifying everything is in compliance. (63.753(b)(1)(v))

Flush Cleaning:

Standards.................. Operating procedures specify emptying into enclosed container, collection

system, or equivalent. (63.744(d)) Flush Cleaning (cont.)

Test Methods and Procedures None.

[[Page 45950]]

Monitoring Requirements.... None.

Recordkeeping Requirements. None.

Reporting Requirements..... Semiannual

Statement certifying everything is in compliance. (63.753(b)(2))

Primer and Topcoat Application

Operations:

Standards.................. Minimize spills during handling and transfer. (63.745(b))

Uncontrolled Primers

1. Organic HAP content limit: 350 g/l (2.9 lb/gal) (less water) as applied.

(63.745(c)(1))

2. VOC content limit: 350 g/l (2.9 lb/gal) (less water and exempt solvents)

as applied. (63.745(c)(2))

3. Achieve compliance through: (1) use coatings below content limits, or

(2) use monthly volume-weighted averaging to meet content limits.

(63.745(e))

Uncontrolled Topcoats

4. Organic HAP content limit: 420 g/l (3.5 lb/gal) (less water) as applied.

(63.745(c)(3))

5. VOC content limit: 420 g/l (3.5 lb/gal) (less water and exempt

solvents). (63.745(c)(4))6.

6. Achieve compliance as in 3. above. (63.745(e))

Controlled Primers and Topcoats

7. If control system is used, must be designed to capture and control all

emissions from the application operation and must achieve an overall

control efficiency of at least 81%. (63.745(d))

All Primers and Topcoats

8. Specific application techniques must be used. If alternative is sought,

can only be used if emissions are less than or equal to HVLP or

electrostatic spray application techniques. (63.745(f)(1))

9. All application equipment must be operated according to manufacturer's

specifications, company procedures, or locally specified operating

procedures. (63.745(f)(2))

10. Exemptions from No. 8 above provided for in certain situations.

(63.745(f)(3))

11. Operating requirements for the application of primers or topcoats that

contain inorganic HAP, including control with either particulate filters

or waterwash, and shutdown if operated outside manufacturer's specified

limits. (63.745(g)(1) through (3))

12. Exemptions from No. 11 provided for certain application operations.

(63.745(g)(4))

Performance Test Periods 1. For ``compliant'' coatings: each 30-day period. For ``averaged''

and Tests. coatings: each 30-day period. For ``controlled'' coatings, non-carbon

adsorber: three 1-hour runs. For ``controlled'' coatings, carbon adsorber:

each rolling period. (63.749(e)(1))

2. Initial performance test for all control devices to demonstrate

compliance with overall control efficiency requirement. (63.749(e)(2))

Test Methods and Procedures 1. Organic HAP level determination procedures. (63.750(c) and (d))

2. VOC level determination procedures. (63.750(e) and (f))

3. Overall control efficiency of carbon adsorber system determined using

provided procedures; for other control devices, determine capture

efficiency and destruction efficiency. For capture efficiency, use

Procedure T in Appendix B to 40 CFR 52.741 for total enclosures and 40 CFR

52.741(a)(4)(iii) procedures for all other enclosures. (63.750(g) and (h))

...........................................................................

4. For alternative application methods, first determine emission levels for

initial 30-day period or five aircraft using only HVLP or electrostatic,

or a time period specified by the permitting agency. Then use alternative

application method for period of time necessary to coat equivalent amount

of parts with same coatings. Alternative application method may be used

when emissions generated during the test period are less than or equal to

the emissions generated during the initial 30-day period or five aircraft.

Dried film thickness must be within specification for initial 30-day

period or five aircraft as demonstrated under actual production

conditions. (63.750(i))

Monitoring Requirements.... 1. Temperature sensors with continuous recorders for incinerators, and

install, calibrate, maintain, and operate temperature monitors according

to manufacturer's specifications. Use CEMS as an alternative. (63.751(b))

2. Continuously monitor pressure drop across filter or water flow rate

through waterwash. (63.751(c))

Recordkeeping Requirements. 1. Name and VOC content for all primers and topcoats. If coating contains

exempt solvents, calculate total HAP content. (63.752(c)(1))

2. For ``compliant'' coatings, organic HAP and VOC contents as applied,

data/calculations or Method 24 used to determine them, and monthly usage.

(63.752(c)(2))

3. For ``low-HAP/VOC'' primers, annual purchase records, and data/

calculations or Method 24 used to determine Hi. (63.752(c)(3))

4. For ``averaged'' coatings, monthly values of VOC content (Ha and Ga),

and data/calculations or Method 24 used to calculate Ha and Ga.

(63.752(c)(4))

5. For ``controlled'' coatings (incinerator), overall control efficiency

and incinerator temperature(s). (63.752(c)(5))

6. For ``controlled'' coatings (carbon adsorber), overall control

efficiency and length of rolling period and all supporting data/

calculations. (63.752(c)(6))

7. Pressure drop across filter or water flow rate through waterwash once

per shift, and acceptable limits. (63.752(d) (1) through (3))

8. For new sources with chromated coatings, documentation that filters meet

multistage or HEPA requirements. (63.752(d)(4))

Reporting Requirements..... Semiannual

[[Page 45951]]

1. All instances where organic HAP/VOC limits were exceeded.

(63.753(c)(1)(i), (ii), and (viii))

2. Control device exceedances (out-of-compliance). (63.753(c)(1)(iii),

(iv), and (v))

3. Periods when operation not immediately shut down due to pressure drop or

water flow rate being outside limits. (63.753(c)(1)(vi))

4. Statement certifying everything is in compliance. (63.753(c)(vii))

Annual

5. Number of times the pressure drop or water flow rate limits were

exceeded. (63.753(c)(2))

Depainting Operations:

Applicability.............. Applies to the outer surface of aerospace vehicles. Does not apply to parts

or units normally removed. Fuselage, wings, and stabilizers always

covered. Radomes, parts normally removed are exempt. (63.746(a))

Standards.................. 1. Unless exempted, no organic HAP are to be emitted from chemical

strippers or softeners. (63.746(b)(1))

2. Minimize inorganic HAP emissions during periods of non-chemical based

equipment malfunction. (63.746(b)(2))

3. Use of organic HAP-containing strippers for spot stripping and decal

removal limited to 26 gallons per aircraft per year for commercial

aircraft and 50 gallons per aircraft per year for military aircraft.

(63.746(b)(3))

4. Operating requirements for depainting operations generating airborne

inorganic HAP, including control with particulate filters or waterwash

systems. Mechanical and hand sanding are exempt. (63.746(b)(4) and (b)(5))

5. Non-exempt organic HAP emissions controlled at 81% efficiency for

systems installed before effective date. For newer systems, control at

95%. (63.746(c))

Performance Test Periods 1. For demonstrating no organic HAP emissions: each 24-hour period.

and Tests. (63.749(g)(1))

2. For spot stripping and decal removal usage limits: each calendar year.

(63.749(g)(1))

3. Initial performance test for all control devices to demonstrate

compliance with overall control efficiency requirement. (63.749 (g)(1),

(g)(2), and (g)(3))

Test Methods and Procedures 1. Procedures provided for determining gallons of HAP-containing stripper

used for aircraft. (63.750(j))

................................. ...........................................................................

2. Overall control efficiency of carbon adsorber system determined using

specified procedures; for other control devices, determine capture

efficiency and destruction efficiency. For capture efficiency, use

Procedure T in Appendix B to 40 CFR 52.741 for total enclosures and 40 CFR

52.741(a)(4)(iii) procedures for all other enclosures. (63.750 (g) and

(h))

Monitoring Requirements.... Continuously monitor pressure drop across filter or water flow rate through

waterwash. (63.751(d))

Recordkeeping Requirements. 1. Name and monthly volume of all organic HAP-containing chemical

strippers. (63.752(e)(1))

2. For controlled chemical strippers (carbon adsorber), overall control

efficiency and length of rolling period and all supporting data/

calculations. (63.752(e)(2))

3. For controlled chemical strippers (other control devices), overall

control efficiency and supporting documentation. (63.752(e)(3))

4. List of parts/assemblies normally removed. (63.752(e)(4))

Recordkeeping Requirements. 5. For non-chemical based equipment, name and type, and malfunction

information including dates, description, and alternative methods used.

(63.752(e)(5))

6. For spot stripping and decal removal, annual volume used, annual average

volume per aircraft, and all data/calculations used to calculate volume

per aircraft. (63.752(e)(6))

7. Pressure drop across filter or water flow rate through waterwash once

per shift and acceptable limits. (63.752(e)(7))

Reporting Requirements..... Semiannual

1. 24-hour periods where organic HAP were emitted from depainting

operations in violation of rule. (63.753(d)(1)(i))

2. New and reformulated chemical strippers and HAP contents.

(63.753(d)(1)(ii), (iii), and (iv))

3. New non-chemical based depainting techniques. (63.753(d)(1)(v))

4. Malfunction information on non-chemical based techniques including

dates, description, and alternative methods used. (63.753(d)(1)(vi))

5. Periods when operation not immediately shut down due to pressure drop or

water flow rate being outside limits. (63.753(d)(1)(vii))

6. List of new/discontinued aircraft models and, for new models, list of

parts normally removed for depainting. (63.753(d)(1)(viii))

7. Organic HAP control device exceedances. (63.753(d)(3))

8. Statement certifying everything is in compliance. (63.753(d)(2)(ii))

Annual

9. Exceedances of average annual volume limits for spot stripping and decal

removal. (63.753(d)(2)(i))

10. Number of times the pressure drop or water flow rate limits were

exceeded. (63.753(d)(2)(iii))

Chemical Milling Maskant Applica-

tion Operations:

Applicability.............. Applies only to operations using Type II chemical milling etchants.

(63.747(a))

Standards.................. Minimize spills during handling and transfer. (63.747(b))

Uncontrolled Maskants

[[Page 45952]]

1. Organic HAP emissions: 160 g/l (1.3 lb/gal) (less water) as

applied. (63.747(c)(1))

2. VOC emissions: 160 g/l (1.3 lb/gal) (less water and exempt

solvents) as applied. (63.747(c)(2))

3. Achieve compliance through: (1) use maskants below content limits, or

(2) use monthly volume-weighted averaging to meet content limits.

(63.747(e))

Controlled Maskants

4. If control device is used, system must be designed to capture and

control all emissions from maskant operation and must achieve an overall

control efficiency of at least 81% for systems installed before effective

date. For new systems, control at 95%. (63.747(d))

Performance Test Periods 1. For compliant maskants: each 30-day period. For averaged maskants: each

and Tests. 30-day period. For controlled coatings, carbon adsorber: each rolling

period.

For controlled coatings, non-carbon adsorber: three 1-hour runs.

(63.749(i)(1))

2. Initial performance test required for all control devices to demonstrate

compliance with overall control efficiency requirement. (63.749 (i)(2) and

(i)(3))

Test Methods and Procedures Procedures provided essentially identical to those for primers and topcoats

for organic HAP and VOC content levels. (63.750 (g), (h), and (k)-(n))

Monitoring Requirements.... Same as for primers and topcoats if incinerators are used. (63.751(b))

Recordkeeping Requirements. Same as for primers and topcoats. (63.752(f))

Reporting Requirements..... Semiannual

1. Exceedances of organic HAP/VOC limits. (63.753(e)(1), (2) and (7))

2. Control device exceedances (out of compliance). (63.753(e)(3))

3. New maskants. (63.753(e)(4))

4. New control devices. (63.753(e)(5))

5. Everything is in compliance. (63.753(e)(6))

Waste Handling and Storage

Operations:

Standards.................. Minimize spills during handling and transfer. (63.748)

Test Methods and Procedures None.

Monitoring Requirements.... None.

Recordkeeping Requirements. None.

Reporting Requirements..... None.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

a The EPA promulgated regulations for subpart A of 40 CFR part 63, which were published in the Federal Register

on March 16, 1994 at 59 FR 12408.

Section 114(a)(3) of the Act requires enhanced monitoring and

compliance certifications of all major stationary sources. The annual

compliance certifications certify whether compliance has been

continuous or intermittent. Enhanced monitoring shall be capable of

detecting deviations from each applicable emission limitation or

standard with sufficient representativeness, accuracy, precision,

reliability, frequency, and timeliness to determine if compliance is

continuous during a reporting period. The monitoring in this regulation

satisfies the requirements of enhanced monitoring.

Owners or operators of all commercial, civil, or military aerospace

original equipment manufacturing (OEM) and rework operations with an

initial startup date before September 1, 1998 that are subject to the

emission standards are required to achieve compliance with the control

requirements of the standards within 3 years from September 1, 1995.

Owners or operators of new commercial, civil, or military aerospace OEM

and rework operations with initial startup after September 1, 1998 will

be required to comply with all requirements upon startup.

II. Summary of Considerations in Developing the Rule

A. Purpose of Regulation

The Act was developed, in part,

to protect and enhance the quality of the Nation's air resources so

as to promote the public health and welfare and the productive

capacity of its population [the Act, section 101(b)(1)].

Aerospace facilities are major sources of HAP emissions. The HAP listed

in Section 112(b)(1) emitted by aerospace facilities that would be

covered by this final rule include, chromium, cadmium, methylene

chloride, toluene, xylene, methyl ethyl ketone, ethylene glycol and

glycol ethers. All of these pollutants can cause reversible or

irreversible toxic effects following exposure. The range of adverse

health effects include cancer and a number of other chronic health

disorders (e.g., aplastic anemia, pancytopenia, pernicious anemia,

pulmonary (lung) structural changes) and a number of acute health

disorders (e.g., dyspnea (difficulty in breathing) upper respiratory

tract irritation with cough, conjunctivitis, neurotoxic effects (e.g.,

visual blurring, tremors, delirium, unconsciousness, coma,

convulsions). These adverse health effects are associated with a wide

range of ambient concentrations and exposure times and are influenced

by source-specific characteristics such as emission rates and local

meteorological conditions. Health impacts are also dependent on

multiple factors that affect human variability such as genetics, age,

health status (e.g., the presence of pre-existing disease) and

lifestyle.

B. Summary of Impacts

These standards will reduce nationwide emissions of HAP from at

least 2,869 major source aerospace manufacturing and rework facilities

by approximately 112,600 Mg (123,700 tons), or 59 percent, in 1998

compared to the emissions that would occur in the absence of the

standards. No significant adverse secondary air, water, solid waste, or

energy impacts are anticipated

[[Page 45953]]

from the promulgation of these standards.

Capital costs will be incurred due to implementation of the

required control measures. The EPA performed a capital equipment cost

analysis based on a 15-year equipment life and a 7 percent annual

interest rate, and calculated annualized capital costs for equipment

expenditures. It is estimated that implementation of this regulation

will result in nationwide annual operating and equipment costs for

existing aerospace manufacturing and rework facilities of $15.3 million

for control of hand-wipe and flush cleaning, $164 million for solvent-

based chemical milling maskants controlled by a carbon adsorber, $146

million for water-reducible chemical milling maskants, $622 million for

depainting with dry media blasting (or a net savings of $38.8 million

if all affected sources use chemical strippers that contain no organic

HAP), $2.3 million for control of inorganic HAP emissions from primer

and topcoat spray application, and $7.8 million for control of

inorganic HAP emissions from blast depainting operations.

Total nationwide annual costs, depending on the specific mix of

control options chosen, are estimated to range from a net savings of

$49.2 million per year to a net cost of $660 million per year. The

higher cost figure shown reflects a scenario in which all affected

sources use blast depainting methods rather than chemical strippers

that contain no organic HAP. However, due to the high capital cost of

blast depainting equipment, very few facilities are expected to use

this option other than those that already own the equipment. Therefore,

the EPA anticipates the total annual cost of the final rule to be

approximately $21 million.

III. Significant Changes to the Proposed Standards

A. Public Participation

Throughout the rulemaking process, the EPA sought and received

information and views from a broad representation of the public on all

aspects of the regulation. On May 4 and 5, July 20 and 21, and October

5 and 6, 1993, and March 7 and 8, 1995, public meetings were held to

discuss results of the Agency's analysis of control options and

associated impacts.

The standards were proposed and the preamble was published in the

Federal Register on June 6, 1994 (59 FR 29216). The preamble to the

proposed standards discussed the availability of the regulatory text

and proposal BID, which described the regulatory alternatives

considered and the impacts of those alternatives. Public comments were

solicited at the time of proposal, and copies of the regulatory text

and BID were distributed to interested parties. Electronic versions of

the preamble, regulation, and BID were made available to interested

parties via the EPA's TTN (see ADDRESSES section of this preamble).

To provide interested persons the opportunity for oral presentation

of data, views, and arguments concerning the proposed standards, a

public hearing was offered at proposal. A public hearing was requested

and was held August 15, 1994. Eleven industry sources presented

comments at the hearing. The public comment period extended from June

6, 1994 to September 15, 1994.

In addition to the original proposal, the EPA also requested

supplemental information and comment in a Federal Register notice on

November 22, 1994 (59 FR 60101). The issues on which additional

information was solicited included the level of control for chemical

depainting operations, applicability to general aviation facilities,

VOC and HAP content of exterior primers for commercial aircraft, the

rolling material balance period for proposed EPA Method 309, regulation

of chemical milling maskants used with Type I etchants, use of HEPA

filters to control inorganic HAP emissions from primer and topcoat

application operations, and reduced recordkeeping requirements for

facilities using a 2.1 lb/gal or lower organic HAP content primer.

B. Comments on the Proposed Standards

Comments on the proposed standards and the November 22, 1994 notice

were received from 57 commenters composed mainly of States,

environmental groups, control device vendors, industry, and trade

associations. Most of the 80 comment letters contained multiple

comments. A detailed discussion of these comments and responses can be

found in the promulgation BID, which is referred to in the ADDRESSES

section of this preamble. The summary of comments and responses in the

BID served as the basis for the revisions that have been made to the

standards between proposal and promulgation. The comments have been

divided into the following areas:

(1) Clarification of and additions to rule applicability and

exemptions.

(2) Identification of the specialty coatings that are exempt from

the rule.

(3) Exemption of non-HAP, non-VOC cleaning solvents from the rule

requirements.

(4) Addition of organic HAP and VOC limitations for self-priming

topcoats.

(5) Addition of a low-usage exemption for non-compliant primers,

topcoats, and chemical milling maskants.

(6) Acceptable primer/topcoat application techniques.

(7) New source MACT for inorganic HAP control for application of

chromium-containing coatings.

(8) Operating procedures for coating application equipment and

inorganic HAP control systems.

(9) Monitoring requirements for organic or inorganic HAP control

systems.

(10) Addition of organic HAP emission control requirements for HAP-

containing chemical strippers used in depainting operations.

(11) Deletion of 99 percent control requirement and EPA Method 5

test requirement for non-chemical based depainting operations.

(12) Deletion of waste storage provision for non-RCRA HAP-

containing waste because it was a duplication of RCRA requirements.

(13) Reduction in recordkeeping for exempt cleaning solvent usage

from daily to monthly.

C. Significant Changes

Several changes have been made to these standards since the time

they were proposed to the public. The majority of the changes have been

made to clarify portions of the rule that were unclear to the

commenters. Other changes to the rule were made after reviewing the

data and arguments submitted by commenters. A summary of the major

changes is presented below.

(1) To clarify the coverage of the NESHAP and to respond to

comments requesting additional exemptions for specialized operations,

several changes have been made to the rule. While major HAP sources

containing any degree of aerospace activity are still covered,

Sec. 63.741 now explicitly states that only aerospace operations at

these facilities are covered. This section also now clarifies that

vehicles designed to operate outside the limit of the earth's

atmosphere will not be covered. Further, only parts and assemblies of

aerospace vehicles that are critical to structural integrity or flight

performance are regulated. (This excludes non-flight items such as tray

tables, etc.) Additional items and processes exempted from the final

rule include aircraft transparencies, electronic parts and assemblies,

research and development activities as identified in

[[Page 45954]]

Section 112(c)(7), and wastewater treatment operations. These items

were exempted because they are currently regulated under an existing

EPA regulation or will be covered in a separate NESHAP.

Comments were received requesting that cleaning solvents containing

no HAP or VOC be exempted from the housekeeping and composition

requirements of the standard for cleaning operations. The EPA agrees

that these formulations should not be covered and has exempted them

from the rule.

The inorganic HAP control requirements will not be applicable to

the painting of non-operational vehicles and components meant for

display purposes. Additional exemptions will be granted for the

painting of specific parts that the permitting authority (through a 40

CFR part 70 permit) has determined cannot be painted in a spray booth.

The EPA has deleted the proposed exemption cutoff of 4 ft \2\/vehicle

for touch-up painting and spot stripping with chemical based paint

removers, due to the difficulty of determining the exact surface areas

processed on vehicles within a facility. In lieu of the exemption, a

more specific definition of touch-up and repair painting has been

adopted such that these operations will be easily identifiable.

Hand and mechanical sanding depainting operations have been

specifically deleted from the inorganic HAP control requirements for

non-chemical depainting.

For chemical milling maskant operations, the rule will continue to

cover only those maskants used in Type II etchants (Type I operations

exempted). The data and information received indicate that compliant

maskants are not suitable for use in the Type I etchants. Touch-up

maskants are also now excluded from coverage by the rule. The control

techniques guideline (CTG) for aerospace operations will address all

exempted maskants.

(2) Several commenters requested that the EPA clarify which

specialty coatings would be exempt from the NESHAP requirements, and

also asked that definitions be provided in the final rule. The EPA has

added Appendix B to the rule, which includes definitions for the

principal specialty coatings that have been identified. The aerospace

control techniques guideline (CTG) under development by the EPA will

contain recommended VOC content limits for these coatings.

(3) The housekeeping, composition, and vapor pressure requirements

of the cleaning operations standard will now not apply to cleaning

solvents that do not contain any HAP or VOC. This change will clarify

that non-polluting cleaners, such as plain water, will not be subject

to these requirements.

(4) Self-priming topcoats have been added as a distinct subcategory

of topcoats with their own HAP and VOC content limits (which are the

same as for general topcoats). Commenters were concerned that the

technology for these coatings could proceed at a different rate than

for other topcoats, necessitating that different limits be set for the

two classes of topcoats.

(5) The EPA has added a low-usage exemption to Sec. 63.741 for non-

compliant primers, topcoats, and maskants. This is expected to relieve

the burden on facilities that have small usage requirements for certain

non-compliant coatings that are not already exempted as ``specialty

coatings.'' This exemption allows an annual use of up to 189 l (50 gal)

per separate formulation, with a combined facility cap of 757 l (200

gal) per year.

(6) Electrodeposition dip coating, a high transfer efficiency

coating process, has been added to the list of acceptable application

techniques in Sec. 63.745. Additional techniques now deemed acceptable

due to the difficulty of control and to their very small emissions are

cotton-tipped swab application, certain airbrush applications, and use

of hand-held spray (aerosol) cans.

(7) Data available on advanced filtration techniques indicate that

the new source MACT control level for application of chromium-

containing coatings consists of either a 3-stage filter system, high

efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters, or approved equivalent

control. These control technologies will be required for spray

application of chromium-containing coatings at new facilities.

(8) The proposal contained a requirement to operate coating

application equipment and inorganic HAP control equipment (dry filters

and waterwash systems) according to the manufacturer's specifications.

To respond to comments that many manufacturers' instructions are not

complete, the EPA has revised these provisions to also allow use of

either the facility's own procedures or local specified operating

procedures. Dry filter systems will be exempt from the requirement for

a startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan. Any painting equipment

modified by the facility must maintain a transfer efficiency equivalent

to HVLP and electrostatic spray equipment.

(9) The proposed monitoring requirement for incinerators in

Sec. 63.751 has been revised in response to comments to allow the

alternative of a CEMS in addition to the proposed requirement for a

temperature monitor. The requirement to monitor the pressure drop

across waterwash particulate control systems has been deleted because

this would not provide an indication of performance. Instead, a means

of continuously monitoring the water flow rate must be installed on the

system and operated during paint application or removal operations.

Once per operating shift, the operator must record the flow rate and

perform a visual check of the continuity and flow characteristics of

the water curtain, and then shut down the operation immediately if

problems are noted and take corrective action before restarting the

operation. Alternative monitoring methods may be approved if the source

is infrequently operated or the alternative provides a sufficiently

accurate indication of performance.

(10) A provision has been added to the final rule that allows the

use of chemical strippers containing HAP when the emissions are reduced

by the use of a control system (such as a carbon adsorber). Control

systems installed before September 1, 1995 will be required to reduce

HAP and VOC emissions by 81 percent or greater. Systems installed on or

after this date must achieve a control efficiency of 95 percent or

greater. These percentage reductions take into account capture and

destruction or removal efficiencies, as well as the volume of chemical

stripper used (i.e., a reduction in stripper usage from baseline levels

will be counted as a credit in determining the effective control

efficiency of the control system).

(11) The proposal contained a 99 percent particulate control

requirement for dry filter systems used to control inorganic HAP

emissions from depainting. Several commenters took issue with the basis

for this requirement. The proposal to use EPA Method 5 to verify

compliance with the requirement was also disputed on the basis that the

effluent grain loading from these filter systems cannot be measured.

The EPA agrees with these arguments and has deleted both the 99 percent

requirement and the use of Method 5. Work practice standards have been

substituted for these requirements which include maintaining the system

in good working order, installing a differential pressure gauge across

the filter media, and replacing the media when the pressure drop is

outside of the manufacturer's recommended limits.

[[Page 45955]]

(12) In response to numerous comments that the proposed requirement

to store all HAP-containing waste in closed containers was duplicative

in light of existing RCRA requirements, the EPA has deleted this

provision. However, the ``housekeeping'' provision requiring handling

of waste so as to minimize spills has been retained in Sec. 63.748.

(13) In response to comments, the records pertaining to non-

compliant cleaning solvents used in the specified exempt cleaning

operations now need not list the parts and assemblies cleaned, but only

the exempt processes where these solvents were used.

Three additional issues are being addressed in a supplemental

rulemaking. They include an expanded emissions averaging scheme that

would encompass topcoats, primers and maskants; inorganic particulate

controls; and emission limitations for certain maskants which were

originally exempt from the proposed NESHAP. Additionally, EPA is

working with the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD)

and Region IX to ensure that this regulation does not interfere with

SCAQMD's volatile organic compound trading program. Any revisions to

Aerospace NESHAP that may be required to mesh the regulation with the

trading program will also be included in the supplemental rulemaking.

The proposal for the supplemental notice should appear in the Federal

Register no later than November, 1995.

IV. Administrative Requirements

A. Docket

The docket is an organized and complete file of all of the

information submitted to or otherwise considered by the EPA in the

development of this rulemaking. The docket is a dynamic file, since

material is added throughout the rulemaking development. The docketing

system is intended to allow members of the public and industries

involved to readily identify and locate documents so that they can

effectively participate in the rulemaking process. Along with the

statement of basis and purpose of the proposed and promulgated

standards and the EPA responses to significant comments, the contents

of the docket will serve as the record in case of judicial review

(except for interagency review materials) [section 307(d)(7)(A) of the

Act].

B. Paperwork Reduction Act

The information collection requirements contained in this rule have

been approved by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) under the

provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act, 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. and

have been assigned OMB control number (2060-0341). An Information

Collection Request (ICR) document has been prepared by the EPA (ICR No.

1687.02) to reflect the changed information requirements of the final

rule.

This collection of information has an estimated reporting burden

per affected facility of about 73 hours for the first year. In

subsequent years, the burden will be approximately 55 hours per

affected facility. These burden estimates include time for reviewing

instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and

maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the

collection of information.

Send comments regarding the burden estimate or any other aspect of

this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this

burden, to Director, Regulatory Information Division; U.S.

Environmental Protection Agency (Mail code 2136); 401 M Street, SW.,

Washington, DC 20460; and to the Office of Information and Regulatory

Affairs, Office of Management and Budget, Washington, DC 20503, marked

``Attention: Desk Officer for EPA.''

C. Executive Order 12866

Under Executive Order 12866 (58 FR 51735 (October 4, 1993)), the

EPA is required to determine whether a regulation is ``significant''

and therefore subject to OMB review and the requirements of this

Executive Order to prepare a regulatory impact analysis (RIA). The

Order defines ``significant regulatory action'' as one that is likely

to result in a rule that may: (1) Have an annual effect on the economy

of $100 million or more, or adversely affect in a material way the

economy, a sector of the economy, productivity, competition, jobs, the

environment, public health or safety, or State, local, or tribal

governments or communities; (2) create a serious inconsistency or

otherwise interfere with an action taken or planned by another agency;

(3) materially alter the budgetary impact of entitlements, grants, user

fees, or loan programs or the rights and obligations of recipients

thereof; or (4) raise novel legal or policy issues arising out of legal

mandates, the President's priorities, or the principles set forth in

the Executive Order.

Pursuant to the terms of Executive Order 12866, it has been

determined that this rule is a ``significant regulatory action'' within

the meaning of the Executive Order.

D. Regulatory Flexibility Act

The Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) requires the

EPA to consider potential impacts of regulations on small business

``entities.'' If a preliminary analysis indicates that a regulation

would have a significant economic impact on 20 percent or more of small

entities, a regulatory flexibility analysis must be prepared. Since the

final rule applies only to major sources as defined in section 112(a)

of the Act, the EPA certifies that there will not be a significant

impact on a substantial number of small entities. Consequently, a

regulatory flexibility analysis is not required and has not been

prepared.

E. Regulatory Review

In accordance with sections 112(d)(6) and 112(f)(2) of the Act,

this regulation will be reviewed within 8 years from the date of

promulgation. This review may include an assessment of such factors as

evaluation of the residual health risk, any overlap with other

programs, the existence of alternative methods of control,

enforceability, improvements in emission control technology and health

data, and the recordkeeping and reporting requirements.

F. Unfunded Mandate Act

The economic impact analysis performed prior to proposal showed

that the economic impacts from implementation of the proposed standards

would not be ``significant'' as defined in Executive Order 12866 (see

Section IV.C). No changes have been made to the proposed rule that

would increase the economic impacts to a level that would be considered

significant.

This final rule is estimated to result in a total cost of $21

million per year, however, expenditures by State, local, and tribal

governments or the private sector are estimated at more than $100

million in any one year. The lower costs are the result of the savings

incurred by the pollution prevention measures used as the basis for the

rule.

The Agency has prepared the following statement of impact to be

considered in response to the requirements of the Unfunded Mandates

Act.

There are no federal funds available to assist State, local, and

tribal governments in meeting these costs. There are important benefits

from VOC and HAP emission reductions because these compounds have

significant, adverse impacts on human health and welfare and on the

environment. The rule does not have any disproportionate budgetary

effects on any particular region of the nation, any State, local, or

[[Page 45956]]

tribal government, or urban or rural or other type of community. On the

contrary, the rule will result in only a minimal increase in the

average product rates (less than 1 percent). Moreover, the rule will

not have a material effect on the national economy.

Prior to issuing this rule, the EPA provided numerous opportunities

(e.g. public comment period; public hearing; Roundtable meetings with

industry, trade associations, state and local air pollution

representatives; environmental groups; State, local, and tribal

governments; and concerned citizens) for consultation with interested

parties. In general, State and local environmental agencies advocated

that EPA adopt more stringent environmental controls. The Agency

evaluated the comments and concerns, and the final rule reflects, to

the extent consistent with section 112 of the Act, those comments and

concerns. While small governments are not significantly or uniquely

affected by the rule, these procedures, as well as additional public

conferences and meetings, gave small governments an opportunity to give

meaningful and timely input and obtain information, education, and

advice on compliance.

The Agency considered several regulatory options in developing the

rule. The options selected in the final rule are the least costly and

least burdensome alternatives currently available for achieving the

objectives of section 112 of the Act. The cost effectiveness for this

regulation is $170 per ton and all but one of the regulatory options

selected are based on pollution prevention measures. Finally, after

careful consideration of the costs, the environmental impacts and the

comments, the Agency decided that the MACT floor was the appropriate

level of control for this regulation.

List of Subjects

40 CFR Part 9

Environmental protection, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

40 CFR Part 63

Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Hazardous

substances, Incorporation by reference, Reporting and recordkeeping

requirements.

Dated: July 31, 1995.

Carol M. Browner,

Administrator.

For reasons set out in the preamble, parts 9 and 63 of title 40,

chapter I, of the Code of Federal Regulations are amended as follows:

PART 9--[AMENDED]

1. The authority citation for part 9 continues to read as follows:

Authority: 7 U.S.C. 135 et seq., 136-136y; 15 U.S.C. 2001, 2003,

2005, 2006, 2601-2671; 21 U.S.C 331j, 346a, 348; 31 U.S.C. 9701; 33

U.S.C. 1251 et seq., 1311, 1313d, 1314, 1321, 1326, 1330, 1344, 1345

(d) and (e), 1361; E.O. 11735, 38 FR 21243, 3 CFR 1971-1975 Comp.,

p. 973; 42 U.S.C. 241, 242b, 243, 246, 300f, 300g, 300g-1, 300g-2,

300g-3, 300g-4, 300g-5, 300g-6, 300j-1, 300j-2, 300j-3, 300j-4,

300j-9, 1857 et seq., 6901-6992k, 7401-7671q, 7542, 9601-9657,

11023, 11048.

2. Section 9.1 is amended by adding a new entry to the table under

the indicated heading to read as follows:

Sec. 9.1 OMB approvals under the Paperwork Reduction Act.

* * * * *

40 CFR citation OMB control No.

* * * *

* * *

National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air

Pollutants for Source Categories..............

* * * *

* * *

63.752-63.753 2060-0341

* * * *

* * *

PART 63--[AMENDED]

3. The authority citation for part 63 continues to read as follows:

Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401, et seq.

4. Part 63 is amended by adding a new subpart GG consisting of

Secs. 63.740 through 63.759 to read as follows:

Subpart GG--National Emission Standards for Aerospace Manufacturing and

Rework Facilities

Sec.

63.741 Applicability and designation of affected sources.

63.742 Definitions.

63.743 Standards: General.

63.744 Standards: Cleaning operations.

63.745 Standards: Primer and topcoat application operations.

63.746 Standards: Depainting operations.

63.747 Standards: Chemical milling maskant application operations.

63.748 Standards: Handling and storage of waste.

63.749 Compliance dates and determinations.

63.750 Test methods and procedures.

63.751 Monitoring requirements.

63.752 Recordkeeping requirements.

63.753 Reporting requirements.

63.754-63.759 Reserved.

SUBPART GG--NATIONAL EMISSION STANDARDS FOR AEROSPACE MANUFACTURING

AND REWORK FACILITIES

Sec. 63.741 Applicability and designation of affected sources.

(a) This subpart applies to facilities that are engaged, either in

part or in whole, in the manufacture or rework of commercial, civil, or

military aerospace vehicles or components and that are major sources as

defined in Sec. 63.2.

(b) The owner or operator of an affected source shall comply with

the requirements of this subpart and of subpart A of this part, except

as specified in Sec. 63.743(a).

(c) Affected sources. The affected sources to which the provisions

of this subpart apply are specified in Sec. 63.741(c)(1) through (6).

The activities subject to this subpart are limited to the manufacture

or rework of aerospace vehicles or components as defined in this

subpart, except for requirements pertaining to cleaning solvents.

Paragraphs (c)(2) through (c)(6) of this section are not applicable to

non-aerospace activities.

(1) Each cleaning operation as follows:

(i) All hand-wipe cleaning operations constitute an affected

source.

(ii) Each spray gun cleaning operation constitutes an affected

source.

(iii) All flush cleaning operations constitute an affected source.

(2) Each primer application operation, which is the total of all

primer applications at the facility.

(3) Each topcoat application operation, which is the total of all

topcoat applications at the facility.

(4) Each depainting operation, which is the total of all depainting

at the facility.

(5) Each chemical milling maskant application operation, which is

the total of all chemical milling maskant applications at the facility.

[[Page 45957]]

(6) Each waste storage and handling operation, which is the total

of all waste handling and storage at the facility.

(d) An owner or operator of an affected source subject to this

subpart shall obtain an operating permit from the permitting authority

in the State in which the source is located. The owner or operator

shall apply for and obtain such permit in accordance with the

regulations contained in part 70 of this chapter and in applicable

State regulations.

(e) All wastes that are determined to be hazardous wastes under the

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976 (PL 94-580) (RCRA) as

implemented by 40 CFR parts 260 and 261, and that are subject to RCRA

requirements as implemented in 40 CFR parts 262 through 268, are exempt

from the requirements of this subpart.

(f) This subpart does not contain control requirements for use of

specialty coatings, adhesives, adhesive bonding primers, or sealants at

aerospace facilities. It also does not regulate research and

development, quality control, and laboratory testing activities,

chemical milling, metal finishing, electrodeposition (except for

electrodeposition of paints), composites processing (except for

cleaning and coating of composite parts or components that become part

of an aerospace vehicle or component as well as composite tooling that

comes in contact with such composite parts or components prior to

cure), electronic parts and assemblies (except for cleaning and

topcoating of completed assemblies), manufacture of aircraft

transparencies, and wastewater operations at aerospace facilities.

These requirements also do not apply to parts and assemblies not

critical to the vehicle's structural integrity or flight performance or

to vehicles that are designed to travel beyond the limit of the earth's

atmosphere. The requirements of this subpart also do not apply to

primers, topcoats, chemical milling maskants, strippers, and cleaning

solvents containing HAP or VOC at a concentration less than 0.1% for

carcinogens or 1.0% for noncarcinogens, as determined from

manufacturer's representations. Additional specific exemptions from

regulatory coverage are set forth in Sec. 63.741(e), .744(a)(1), (b),

(e), .745(a), (f)(3), (g)(4), .746(a), (b)(5), .747(c)(3), and .749(d).

(g) The requirements for primers, topcoats, and chemical milling

maskants in Sec. 63.745 and Sec. 63.747 do not apply to the use of low-

volume coatings in these categories for which the annual total of each

separate formulation used at a facility does not exceed 189 l (50 gal),

and the combined annual total of all such primers, topcoats, and

chemical milling maskants used at a facility does not exceed 757 l (200

gal). Primers and topcoats exempted under paragraph (f) of this section

and under Sec. 63.745(f)(3) and (g)(4) are not included in the 50 and

200 gal limits. Chemical milling maskants exempted under

Sec. 63.747(c)(3) are also not included in these limits.

Sec. 63.742 Definitions.

Terms used in this subpart are defined in the Act, in subpart A of

this part, or in this section as follows:

Aerospace facility means any facility that produces, reworks, or

repairs in any amount any commercial, civil, or military aerospace

vehicle or component.

Aerospace vehicle or component means any fabricated part, processed

part, assembly of parts, or completed unit, with the exception of

electronic components, of any aircraft including but not limited to

airplanes, helicopters, missiles, rockets, and space vehicles.

Aircraft fluid systems means those systems that handle hydraulic

fluids, fuel, cooling fluids, or oils.

Aircraft transparency means the aircraft windshield, which is

typically constructed of laminated layers of glass and other

transparent materials.

Carbon adsorber means one vessel in a series of vessels in a carbon

adsorption system that contains carbon and is used to remove gaseous

pollutants from a gaseous emission source.

Carbon Adsorber control efficiency means the total efficiency of

the control system, determined by the product of the capture efficiency

and the control device efficiency.

Chemical milling maskant means a coating that is applied directly

to aluminum components to protect surface areas when chemical milling

the component with a Type II etchant. This does not include maskants

used with Type I etchants, bonding maskants, line sealers, and critical

use and seal coat maskants. Additionally, maskants that must be used on

an individual part or subassembly with a combination of Type II

etchants and any of the above types of maskants (e.g. Type I

compatible, bonding, line sealers, and critical use and seal coat) are

also exempt from this subpart.

Chemical milling maskant application operation means application of

chemical milling maskant for use in Type II chemical milling etchants.

Cleaning operation means collectively spray gun, hand-wipe, and

flush cleaning operations.

Cleaning solvent means a liquid material used for hand-wipe, spray

gun, or flush cleaning. This definition does not include solutions that

contain no HAP or VOC.

Coating means a material that is applied to the surface of an

aerospace vehicle or component to form a decorative or functional solid

film, or the solid film itself.

Coating operation means the use of a spray booth, tank, or other

enclosure or any area, such as a hangar, for the application of a

single type of coating (e.g., primer); the use of the same spray booth

for the application of another type of coating (e.g., topcoat)

constitutes a separate coating operation for which compliance

determinations are performed separately.

Coating unit means a series of one or more coating applicators and

any associated drying area and/or oven wherein a coating is applied,

dried, and/or cured. A coating unit ends at the point where the coating

is dried or cured, or prior to any subsequent application of a

different coating. It is not necessary to have an oven or flashoff area

in order to be included in this definition.

Confined space means a space that: (1) Is large enough and so

configured that an employee can bodily enter and perform assigned work;

(2) has limited or restricted means for entry or exit (for example,

fuel tanks, fuel vessels, and other spaces that have limited means of

entry); and (3) is not suitable for continuous employee occupancy.

Control device means destruction and/or recovery equipment used to

destroy or recover HAP or VOC emissions generated by a regulated

operation.

Control system means a combination of pollutant capture system(s)

and control device(s) used to reduce discharge to the atmosphere of HAP

or VOC emissions generated by a regulated operation.

Depainting means the removal of a permanent coating from the outer

surface of an aerospace vehicle or component, whether by chemical or

non-chemical means. For non-chemical means, this definition excludes

hand and mechanical sanding, and any other non-chemical removal

processes that do not involve blast media or other mechanisms that

would result in airborne particle movement at high velocity.

Depainting operation means the use of a chemical agent, media

blasting, or any other technique to remove permanent coatings from the

outer surface of an aerospace vehicle or components. The depainting

operation

[[Page 45958]]

includes washing of the aerospace vehicle or component to remove

residual stripper, media, or coating residue.

Electrodeposition of paint means the application of a coating using

a water-based electrochemical bath process. The component being coated

is immersed in a bath of the coating. An electric potential is applied

between the component and an oppositely charged electrode hanging in

the bath. The electric potential causes the ionized coating to be

electrically attracted, migrated, and deposited on the component being

coated.

Electrostatic spray means a method of applying a spray coating in

which an electrical charge is applied to the coating and the substrate

is grounded. The coating is attracted to the substrate by the

electrostatic potential between them.

Exempt solvent means specified organic compounds that have been

determined by the EPA to have negligible photochemical reactivity and

are listed in 40 CFR 51.100.

Flush cleaning means the removal of contaminants such as dirt,

grease, oil, and coatings from an aerospace vehicle or component or

coating equipment by passing solvent over, into, or through the item

being cleaned. The solvent may simply be poured into the item being

cleaned and then drained, or be assisted by air or hydraulic pressure,

or by pumping. Hand-wipe cleaning operations where wiping, scrubbing,

mopping, or other hand action are used are not included.

Hand-wipe cleaning operation means the removal of contaminants such

as dirt, grease, oil, and coatings from an aerospace vehicle or

component by physically rubbing it with a material such as a rag,

paper, or cotton swab that has been moistened with a cleaning solvent.

Hazardous air pollutant (HAP) means any air pollutant listed in or

pursuant to section 112(b) of the Act.

High efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter means a filter that

has a 99.97 percent reduction efficiency for 0.3 micron aerosol.

High volume low pressure (HVLP) spray equipment means spray

equipment that is used to apply coating by means of a spray gun that

operates at 10.0 psig or less at the air cap and a fluid delivery

pressure of 100 psig or less.

Inorganic hazardous air pollutant (HAP) means any HAP that is not

organic.

Leak means any visible leakage, including misting and clouding.

Limited access space means internal surfaces or passages of an

aerospace vehicle or component that cannot be reached without the aid

of an airbrush or a spray gun extension for the application of

coatings.

Mechanical sanding means aerospace vehicle or component surface

conditioning which uses directional and random orbital abrasive tools

and aluminum oxide or nylon abrasive pads for the purpose of corrosion

rework, substrate repair, prepaint surface preparation, and other

maintenance activities.

Natural draft opening means any opening in a room, building, or

total enclosure that remains open during operation of the facility and

that is not connected to a duct in which a fan is installed. The rate

and direction of the natural draft through such an opening is a

consequence of the difference in pressures on either side of the wall

containing the opening.

Non-chemical based depainting equipment means any depainting

equipment or technique, including, but not limited to, media blasting

equipment, that can depaint an aerospace vehicle or component in the

absence of a chemical stripper. This definition does not include

mechanical sanding or hand sanding.

Nonregenerative carbon adsorber means a carbon adsorber vessel in

which the spent carbon bed does not undergo carbon regeneration in the

adsorption vessel.

Operating parameter value means a minimum or maximum value

established for a control device or process parameter which, if

achieved by itself or in combination with one or more other operating

parameter values, determines that an owner or operator has complied

with an applicable emission limitation.

Organic hazardous air pollutant (HAP) means any HAP that is

organic.

Primer means the first layer and any subsequent layers of

identically formulated coating applied to the surface of an aerospace

vehicle or component. Primers are typically used for corrosion

prevention, protection from the environment, functional fluid

resistance, and adhesion of subsequent coatings. Coatings that are

defined as specialty coatings are not included under this definition.

Radome means the non-metallic protective housing for

electromagnetic transmitters and receivers (e.g., radar, electronic

countermeasures, etc.).

Research and Development means an operation whose primary purpose

is for research and development of new processes and products, that is

conducted under the close supervision of technically trained personnel,

and is not involved in the manufacture of final or intermediate

products for commerical purposes, except in a de mimnimis manner.

Self-priming topcoat means a topcoat that is applied directly to an

uncoated aerospace vehicle or component for purposes of corrosion

prevention, environmental protection, and functional fluid resistance.

More than one layer of identical coating formulation may be applied to

the vehicle or component. The coating is not subsequently topcoated

with any other product formulation.

Semi-aqueous cleaning solvent means a solution in which water is a

primary ingredient (" 60 percent of the solvent solution as applied

must be water.)

Softener means a liquid that is applied to an aerospace vehicle or

component to degrade coatings such as primers and topcoats specifically

as a preparatory step to subsequent depainting by non-chemical based

depainting equipment. Softeners may contain VOC but shall not contain

any HAP as determined from MSDS's or manufacturer supplied information.

Solids means the non-volatile portion of the coating which after

drying makes up the dry film.

Space vehicle means a man-made device, either manned or unmanned,

designed for operation beyond earth's atmosphere. This definition

includes integral equipment such as models, mock-ups, prototypes,

molds, jigs, tooling, hardware jackets, and test coupons. Also included

is auxiliary equipment associated with test, transport, and storage,

which through contamination can compromise the space vehicle

performance.

Specialty coating means a coating that, even though it meets the

definition of a primer, topcoat, or self-priming topcoat, has

additional performance criteria beyond those of primers, topcoats, and

self-priming topcoats for specific applications. These performance

criteria may include, but are not limited to, temperature or fire

resistance, substrate compatibility, antireflection, temporary

protection or marking, sealing, adhesively joining substrates, or

enhanced corrosion protection.

Spot stripping means the depainting of an area where it is not

technically feasible to use a non-chemical depainting technique.

Spray gun means a device that atomizes a coating or other material

and projects the particulates or other material onto a substrate.

[[Page 45959]]

Stripper means a liquid that is applied to an aerospace vehicle or

component to remove permanent coatings such as primers and topcoats.

Surface preparation means the removal of contaminants from the

surface of an aerospace vehicle or component, or the activation or

reactivation of the surface in preparation for the application of a

coating.

Temporary total enclosure means a total enclosure that is

constructed for the sole purpose of measuring the emissions from an

affected source that are not delivered to an emission control device. A

temporary total enclosure must be constructed and ventilated (through

stacks suitable for testing) so that it has minimal impact on the

performance of the permanent emission capture system. A temporary total

enclosure will be assumed to achieve total capture of fugitive

emissions if it conforms to the requirements found in Sec. 63.750(g)(4)

and if all natural draft openings are at least four duct or hood

equivalent diameters away from each exhaust duct or hood.

Alternatively, the owner or operator may apply to the Administrator for

approval of a temporary enclosure on a case-by-case basis.

Topcoat means a coating that is applied over a primer on an

aerospace vehicle or component for appearance, identification,

camouflage, or protection. Coatings that are defined as specialty

coatings are not included under this definition.

Total enclosure means a permanent structure that is constructed

around a gaseous emission source so that all gaseous pollutants emitted

from the source are collected and ducted through a control device, such

that 100% capture efficiency is achieved. There are no fugitive

emissions from a total enclosure. The only openings in a total

enclosure are forced makeup air and exhaust ducts and any natural draft

openings such as those that allow raw materials to enter and exit the

enclosure for processing. All access doors or windows are closed during

routine operation of the enclosed source. Brief, occasional openings of

such doors or windows to accommodate process equipment adjustments are

acceptable, but if such openings are routine or if an access door

remains open during the entire operation, the access door must be

considered a natural draft opening. The average inward face velocity

across the natural draft openings of the enclosure must be calculated

including the area of such access doors. The drying oven itself may be

part of the total enclosure. An enclosure that meets the requirements

found in Sec. 63.750(g)(4) is a permanent total enclosure.

Touch-up and repair operation means that portion of the coating

operation that is the incidental application of coating used to cover

minor imperfections in the coating finish or to achieve complete

coverage. This definition includes out-of-sequence or out-of-cycle

coating.

Two-stage filter system means a dry particulate filter system using

two layers of filter media to remove particulate. The first stage is

designed to remove the bulk of the particulate and a higher efficiency

second stage is designed to remove smaller particulate.

Type II etchant means a chemical milling etchant that is a strong

sodium hydroxide solution containing amines (Type I etchants contain

varying amounts of dissolved sulfur and do not contain amines).

Volatile organic compound (VOC) means any compound defined as VOC

in 40 CFR 51.100. This includes any organic compound other than those

determined by the EPA to be an exempt solvent. For purposes of

determining compliance with emission limits, VOC will be measured by

the approved test methods. Where such a method also inadvertently

measures compounds that are exempt solvent, an owner or operator may

exclude these exempt solvents when determining compliance with an

emission standard.

Waterwash system means a control system that utilizes flowing water

to remove particulate emissions from the exhaust air stream in spray

coating application or dry media blast depainting operations.

Nomenclature for determining carbon adsorber efficiency--The

nomenclature defined below is used in Sec. 63.750(g):

(1) Ak = the area of each natural draft opening (k) in a total

enclosure, in square meters.

(2) Caj = the concentration of HAP or VOC in each gas stream

(j) exiting the emission control device, in parts per million by

volume.

(3) Cbi = the concentration of HAP or VOC in each gas stream

(i) entering the emission control device, in parts per million by

volume.

(4) Cdi = the concentration of HAP or VOC in each gas stream

(i) entering the emission control device from the affected source, in

parts per million by volume.

(5) Cfk = the concentration of HAP or VOC in each uncontrolled

gas stream (k) emitted directly to the atmosphere from the affected

source, in parts per million by volume.

(6) Cgv = the concentration of HAP or VOC in each uncontrolled

gas stream entering each individual carbon adsorber vessel (v), in

parts per million by volume. For the purposes of calculating the

efficiency of the individual carbon adsorber vessel, Cgv may be

measured in the carbon adsorption system's common inlet duct prior to

the branching of individual inlet ducts to the individual carbon

adsorber vessels.

(7) Chv = the concentration of HAP or VOC in the gas stream

exiting each individual carbon adsorber vessel (v), in parts per

million by volume.

(8) E = the control device efficiency achieved for the duration of

the emission test (expressed as a fraction).

(9) F = the HAP or VOC emission capture efficiency of the HAP or

VOC capture system achieved for the duration of the emission test

(expressed as a fraction).

(10) FV = the average inward face velocity across all natural draft

openings in a total enclosure, in meters per hour.

(11) Hv = the individual carbon adsorber vessel (v) efficiency

achieved for the duration of the emission test (expressed as a

fraction).

(12) Hsys = the efficiency of the carbon adsorption system

calculated when each carbon adsorber vessel has an individual exhaust

stack (expressed as a fraction).

(13) Mci = the total mass in kilograms of each batch of

coating (i) applied, or of each coating applied at an affected coating

operation during a 7 to 30-day period, as appropriate, as determined

from records at the affected source. This quantity shall be determined

at a time and location in the process after all ingredients (including

any dilution solvent) have been added to the coating, or if ingredients

are added after the mass of the coating has been determined,

appropriate adjustments shall be made to account for them.

(14) Mr = the total mass in kilograms of HAP or VOC recovered

for a 7 to 30-day period.

(15) Qaj = the volumetric flow rate of each gas stream (j)

exiting the emission control device in either dry standard cubic meters

per hour when EPA Method 18 in appendix A of part 60 is used to measure

HAP or VOC concentration or in standard cubic meters per hour (wet

basis) when EPA Method 25A is used to measure HAP or VOC concentration.

(16) Qbi = the volumetric flow rate of each gas stream (i)

entering the emission control device, in dry standard cubic meters per

hour when EPA Method 18 is used to measure HAP or VOC concentration or

in standard cubic meters per hour (wet basis) when EPA Method 25A is

used to measure HAP or VOC concentration.

[[Page 45960]]

(17) Qdi = the volumetric flow rate of each gas stream (i)

entering the emission control device from the affected source in either

dry standard cubic meters per hour when EPA Method 18 is used to

measure HAP or VOC concentration or in standard cubic meters per hour

(wet basis) when EPA Method 25A is used to measure HAP or VOC

concentration.

(18) Qfk = the volumetric flow rate of each uncontrolled gas

stream (k) emitted directly to the atmosphere from the affected source

in either dry standard cubic meters per hour when EPA Method 18 is used

to measure HAP or VOC concentration or in standard cubic meters per

hour (wet basis) when EPA Method 25A is used to measure HAP or VOC

concentration.

(19) Qgv = the volumetric flow rate of each gas stream

entering each individual carbon adsorber vessel (v) in either dry

standard cubic meters per hour when EPA Method 18 is used to measure

HAP or VOC concentration or in standard cubic meters per hour (wet

basis) when EPA Method 25A is used to measure HAP or VOC concentration.

For purposes of calculating the efficiency of the individual carbon

adsorber vessel, the value of Qgv can be assumed to equal the

value of Qhv measured for that carbon adsorber vessel.

(20) Qhv = the volumetric flow rate of each gas stream exiting

each individual carbon adsorber vessel (v) in either dry standard cubic

meters per hour when EPA Method 18 is used to measure HAP or VOC

concentration or in standard cubic meters per hour (wet basis) when EPA

Method 25A is used to measure HAP or VOC concentration.

(21) Qini = the volumetric flow rate of each gas stream (i)

entering the total enclosure through a forced makeup air duct in

standard cubic meters per hour (wet basis).

(22) Qoutj = the volumetric flow rate of each gas stream (j)

exiting the total enclosure through an exhaust duct or hood in standard

cubic meters per hour (wet basis).

(23) R = the overall HAP or VOC emission reduction achieved for the

duration of the emission test (expressed as a percentage).

(24) RSi = the total mass in kilograms of HAP or VOC retained

in the coating after drying.

(25) Woi = the weight fraction of VOC in each batch of coating

(i) applied, or of each coating applied at an affected coating

operation during a 7- to 30-day period, as appropriate, as determined

by EPA Method 24 or formulation data. This value shall be determined at

a time and location in the process after all ingredients (including any

dilution solvent) have been added to the coating, or if ingredients are

added after the weight fraction of HAP or VOC in the coating has been

determined, appropriate adjustments shall be made to account for them.

Sec. 63.743 Standards: General.

(a) Except as provided in paragraphs (a)(4) through (a)(9) of this

section and in Table 2 (included in Appendix B to this subpart), each

owner or operator of an affected source subject to this subpart is also

subject to the following sections of subpart A of this part:

(1) Sec. 63.4, Prohibited activities and circumvention;

(2) Sec. 63.5, Construction and reconstruction; and

(3) Sec. 63.6, Compliance with standards and maintenance

requirements.

(4) For the purposes of this subpart, all affected sources shall

submit any request for an extension of compliance not later than 120

days before the affected source's compliance date. The extension

request should be requested for the shortest time necessary to attain

compliance, but in no case shall exceed 1 year.

(5)(i) For the purposes of this subpart, the Administrator (or the

State with an approved permit program) will notify the owner or

operator in writing of his/her intention to deny approval of a request

for an extension of compliance submitted under either Sec. 63.6(i)(4)

or Sec. 63.6(i)(5) within 60 calendar days after receipt of sufficient

information to evaluate the request.

(ii) In addition, for purposes of this subpart, if the

Administrator does not notify the owner or operator in writing of his/

her intention to deny approval within 60 calendar days after receipt of

sufficient information to evaluate a request for an extension of

compliance, then the request shall be considered approved.

(6)(i) For the purposes of this subpart, the Administrator (or the

State) will notify the owner or operator in writing of the status of

his/her application submitted under Sec. 63.6(i)(4)(ii) (that is,

whether the application contains sufficient information to make a

determination) within 30 calendar days after receipt of the original

application and within 30 calendar days after receipt of any

supplementary information that is submitted, rather than 15 calendar

days as provided for in Sec. 63.6(i)(13)(i).

(ii) In addition, for the purposes of this subpart, if the

Administrator does not notify the owner or operator in writing of the

status of his/her application within 30 calendar days after receipt of

the original application and within 30 calendar days after receipt of

any supplementary information that is submitted, then the information

in the application or the supplementary information is to be considered

sufficient upon which to make a determination.

(7) For the purposes of this subpart, each owner or operator who

has submitted an extension request application under Sec. 63.6(i)(5) is

to be provided 30 calendar days to present additional information or

arguments to the Administrator after he/she is notified that the

application is not complete, rather than 15 calendar days as provided

for in Sec. 63.6(i)(13)(ii).

(8) For the purposes of this subpart, each owner or operator is to

be provided 30 calendar days to present additional information to the

Administrator after he/she is notified of the intended denial of a

compliance extension request submitted under either Sec. 63.6(i)(4) or

Sec. 63.6(i)(5), rather than 15 calendar days as provided for in

Sec. 63.6(1)(12)(iii)(B) and Sec. 63.6(i)(13)(iii)(B).

(9) For the purposes of this subpart, a final determination to deny

any request for an extension submitted under either Sec. 63.6(i)(4) or

Sec. 63.6(i)(5) will be made within 60 calendar days after presentation

of additional information or argument (if the application is complete),

or within 60 calendar days after the final date specified for the

presentation if no presentation is made, rather than 30 calendar days

as provided for in Sec. 63.6(i)(12)(iv) and Sec. 63.6(i)(13)(iv).

(b) Operation and maintenance plan. Each owner or operator that

uses an air pollution control device or equipment to control HAP

emissions shall prepare and operate in accordance with a startup,

shutdown, and malfunction plan in accordance with Sec. 63.6. Dry

particulate filter systems operated per the manufacturer's instructions

are exempt from a startup and shutdown plan. A startup and shutdown

plan shall be prepared for facilities using locally prepared operating

procedures. In addition to the information required in Sec. 63.6, this

plan shall also include the following provisions:

(1) The plan shall specify the operation and maintenance criteria

for each air pollution control device or equipment and shall include a

standardized checklist to document the operation and maintenance of the

equipment;

(2) The plan shall include a systematic procedure for identifying

malfunctions and for reporting them immediately to supervisory

personnel; and

(3) The plan shall specify procedures to be followed to ensure that

equipment

[[Page 45961]]

or process malfunctions due to poor maintenance or other preventable

conditions do not occur.

(c) An owner or operator who uses an air pollution control device

or equipment not listed in this subpart shall submit a description of

the device or equipment, test data verifying the performance of the

device or equipment in controlling organic HAP and/or VOC emissions, as

appropriate, specific operating parameters that will be monitored to

establish compliance with the standards, and a copy of the operation

and maintenance plan referenced in paragraph (b) of this section to the

Administrator for approval.

Sec. 63.744 Standards: Cleaning operations.

(a) Housekeeping measures. Each owner or operator of a new or

existing cleaning operation subject to this subpart shall comply with

the requirements in this paragraphs unless the solvent used is

classified as a cleaning solvent that contains no organic HAP or VOC as

identified in Table 3.

Table 3.--Composition Requirements for Approved Cleaning Solvents

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Cleaning solvent type Composition requirements

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Aqueous.................. Cleaning solvents in which water is the

primary ingredient (80 percent of

solvent solution as applied must be water).

Detergents, surfactants, and bioenzyme

mixtures and nutrients may be combined with

the water along with a variety of additives

such as organic solvents (e.g., high boiling

point alcohols), builders, saponifiers,

inhibitors, emulsifiers, pH buffers, and

antifoaming agents. Aqueous solutions must

have a flash point greater than 93 deg.C

(200 deg.F) (as reported by the

manufacturer) and the solution must be

miscible with water.

Hydrocarbon-Based........ Cleaners that are composed of a mixture of

photochemically reactive hydrocarbons and

oxygenated hydrocarbons and have a maximum

vapor pressure of 7 mm Hg at 20 deg.C (3.75

in. H2O at 68 deg.F). These cleaners also

contain no HAP or ozone depleting compounds.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

(1) Place solvent-laden cloth, paper, or any other absorbent

applicators used for cleaning aerospace vehicles or components in bags

or other closed containers immediately after use. Ensure that these

bags and containers are kept closed at all times except when depositing

or removing these materials from the container. Use bags and containers

of such design so as to contain the vapors of the cleaning solvent.

Cotton-tipped swabs used for very small cleaning operations are exempt

from this requirement.

(2) Store fresh and spent cleaning solvents used in aerospace

cleaning operations in closed containers.

(3) Conduct the handling and transfer of cleaning solvents to or

from enclosed systems, vats, waste containers, and other cleaning

operation equipment that hold or store fresh or spent cleaning solvents

in such a manner that minimizes spills.

(b) Hand-wipe cleaning. Each owner or operator of a new or existing

hand-wipe cleaning operation (excluding cleaning of spray gun equipment

performed in accordance with paragraph (c)(3) of this section) subject

to this subpart shall use cleaning solvents that meet one of the

requirements specified in paragraphs (b)(1), (b)(2), and (b)(3) of this

section. Cleaning solvent solutions that contain no HAP or VOC are

exempt from the requirements in paragraphs (b)(1), (b)(2), and (b)(3).

(1) Meet one of the composition requirements in Table 3;

(2) Have a composite vapor pressure of 45 mm Hg (24.1 in. H2O)

or less at 20 deg.C (68 deg.F); or

(3) Demonstrate that the volume of hand-wipe solvents used in

cleaning operations has been reduced by at least 60% from a baseline

adjusted for production. The baseline shall be established as part of

an approved alternative plan administered by the State. The alternative

plan shall be submitted by the State under section 112(l) of the Act

and approved by the Administrator, and shall demonstrate that the 60%

volume reduction in cleaning solvents provides equivalent reductions to

the requirements in paragraph (b)(1) or (b)(2).

(c) Spray gun cleaning. Each owner or operator of a new or existing

spray gun cleaning operation subject to this subpart in which spray

guns are used for the application of coatings or any other materials

that require the spray guns to be cleaned shall use one or more of the

techniques, or their equivalent, specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through

(c)(4) of this section.

(1)(i) Enclosed system. Clean the spray gun in an enclosed system

that is closed at all times except when inserting or removing the spray

gun. Cleaning shall consist of forcing solvent through the gun.

(ii) If leaks are found during the monthly inspection required in

Sec. 63.751(a), repairs shall be made as soon as practicable, but no

later than 15 days after the leak was found. If the leak is not

repaired by the 15th day after detection, the solvent shall be removed

and the enclosed cleaner shall be shut down until the leak is repaired

or its use is permanently discontinued.

(2) Nonatomized cleaning. Clean the spray gun by placing solvent in

the pressure pot and forcing it through the gun with the atomizing cap

in place. No atomizing air is to be used. Direct the solvent from the

spray gun into a vat, drum, or other waste container that is closed

when not in use.

(3) Disassembled spray gun cleaning. Disassemble the spray gun and

clean the components by hand in a vat, which shall remain closed at all

times except when in use. Alternatively, soak the components in a vat,

which shall remain closed during the soaking period and when not

inserting or removing components.

(4) Atomizing cleaning. Clean the spray gun by forcing the solvent

through the gun and direct the resulting atomized spray into a waste

container that is fitted with a device designed to capture the atomized

solvent emissions.

(d) Flush cleaning. Each owner or operator of a flush cleaning

operation subject to this subpart (excluding those in which Table 3 or

semi-aqueous cleaning solvents are used) shall empty the used cleaning

solvent each time an aerospace part or assembly, or a component of a

coating unit (with the exception of spray guns) is flush cleaned into

an enclosed container or collection system that is kept closed when not

in use or into a system with equivalent emission control.

(e) Exempt cleaning operations. The following cleaning operations

are exempt from the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section:

(1) Cleaning during the manufacture, assembly, installation, or

testing of components of breathing oxygen systems that are exposed to

the breathing oxygen;

[[Page 45962]]

(2) Cleaning during the manufacture, assembly, installation, or

testing of parts, subassemblies, or assemblies that are exposed to

strong oxidizers or reducers (e.g., nitrogen tetroxide, liquid oxygen,

or hydrazine);

(3) Cleaning and surface activation prior to adhesive bonding;

(4) Cleaning of electronic parts and assemblies containing

electronic parts;

(5) Cleaning of aircraft and ground support equipment fluid systems

that are exposed to the fluid, including air-to-air heat exchangers and

hydraulic fluid systems;

(6) Cleaning of fuel cells, fuel tanks, and confined spaces;

(7) Surface cleaning of solar cells, coated optics, and thermal

control surfaces;

(8) Cleaning during fabrication, assembly, installation, and

maintenance of upholstery, curtains, carpet, and other textile

materials used in the interior of the aircraft;

(9) Cleaning of metallic and non-metallic materials used in

honeycomb cores during the manufacture of these cores, and cleaning of

the completed cores used in the manufacture of aerospace vehicles or

components;

(10) Cleaning of polycarbonate or glass substrates; and

(11) Cleaning and solvent usage associated with research and

development, quality control, and laboratory testing.

(12) Cleaning operations, using nonflamable liquids, conducted

within five feet of energized electrical systems. Energized electrical

systems means any AC or DC electrical circuit on an assembled aircraft

once electrical power is connected, including interior passenger and

cargo areas, wheel wells and tail sections.

Sec. 63.745 Standards: Primer and topcoat application operations.

(a) Each owner or operator of a new or existing primer or topcoat

application operation subject to this subpart shall comply with the

requirements specified in paragraph (c) of this section for those

coatings that are uncontrolled (no control device is used to reduce

organic HAP emissions from the operation), and in paragraph (d) of this

section for those coatings that are controlled (organic HAP emissions

from the operation are reduced by the use of a control device).

Aerospace equipment that is no longer operational, intended for public

display, and not easily capable of being moved is exempt from the

requirements of this section.

(b) Each owner or operator shall conduct the handling and transfer

of primers and topcoats to or from containers, tanks, vats, vessels,

and piping systems in such a manner that minimizes spills.

(c) Uncontrolled coatings--organic HAP and VOC content levels. Each

owner or operator shall comply with the organic HAP and VOC content

limits specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (c)(4) of this section

for those coatings that are uncontrolled.

(1) Organic HAP emissions from primers shall be limited to an

organic HAP content level of no more than 350 g/l (2.9 lb/gal) of

primer (less water) as applied.

(2) VOC emissions from primers shall be limited to an VOC content

level of no more than 350 g/l (2.9 lb/gal) of primer (less water and

exempt solvents) as applied.

(3) Organic HAP emissions from topcoats shall be limited to an

organic HAP content level of no more than 420 g/l (3.5 lb/gal) of

coating (less water) as applied. Organic HAP emissions from self-

priming topcoats shall be limited to an organic HAP content level of no

more than 420 g/l (3.5 lb/gal) of self-priming topcoat (less water) as

applied.

(4) VOC emissions from topcoats shall be limited to a VOC content

level of no more than 420 g/l (3.5 lb/gal) of coating (less water and

exempt solvents) as applied. VOC emissions from self-priming topcoats

shall be limited to a VOC content level of no more than 420 g/l (3.5

lb/gal) of self-priming topcoat (less water and exempt solvents) as

applied.

(d) Controlled coatings--control system requirements. Each control

system shall reduce the operation's organic HAP and VOC emissions to

the atmosphere by 81% or greater, taking into account capture and

destruction or removal efficiencies, as determined using the procedures

in Sec. 63.750(g) when a carbon adsorber is used and in Sec. 63.750(h)

when a control device other than a carbon adsorber is used.

(e) Compliance methods. Compliance with the organic HAP and VOC

content limits specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (c)(4) of this

section shall be accomplished by using the methods specified in

paragraphs (e)(1) and (e)(2) of this section either by themselves or in

conjunction with one another.

(1) Use primers and topcoats with HAP and VOC content levels equal

to or less than the limits specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through

(c)(4) of this section.

(2)(i) Use any combination of primers or topcoats such that the

monthly volume-weighted average organic HAP and VOC contents of the

combination of primers or topcoats comply with the specified content

limits, unless the permitting agency specifies a shorter averaging

period as part of an ambient ozone control program.

(ii) Averaging primers together with topcoats is prohibited under

this subsection.

(iii) Averaging is allowed only for uncontrolled primers or

topcoats.

(iv) Each averaging scheme shall be approved in advance by the

permitting agency and be adopted as part of the facility's title V

permit.

(f) Application Equipment. Except as provided in paragraph (f)(3)

of this section, each owner or operator of a new or existing primer or

topcoat application operation subject to this subpart in which any of

the coatings contain organic HAP or VOC shall comply with the

requirements specified in paragraphs (f)(1) and (f)(2) of this section.

(1) All primers and topcoats shall be applied using one or more of

the application techniques specified in paragraphs (f)(1)(i) through

(f)(1)(viii) of this section.

(i) Flow/curtain coat application;

(ii) Dip coat application;

(iii) Roll coating;

(iv) Brush coating;

(v) Cotton-tipped swab application;

(vi) Electrodeposition (dip) coating;

(vii) High volume low pressure (HVLP) spraying;

(viii) Electrostatic spray application; or

(ix) Other coating application methods that achieve emission

reductions equivalent to HVLP or electrostatic spray application

methods, as determined according to the requirements in Sec. 63.750(i).

(2) All application devices used to apply primers or topcoats shall

be operated according to company procedures, local specified operating

procedures, and/or the manufacturer's specifications, whichever is most

stringent, at all times. Equipment modified by the facility shall

maintain a transfer efficiency equivalent to HVLP and electrostatic

spray application techniques.

(3) The following situations are exempt from the requirements of

paragraph (f)(1) of this section:

(i) Any situation that normally requires the use of an airbrush or

an extension on the spray gun to properly reach limited access spaces;

(ii) The application of coatings that contain fillers that

adversely affect atomization with HVLP spray guns and that the

permitting agency has determined cannot be applied by any of the

application methods specified in paragraph (f)(1) of this section;

(iii) The application of coatings that normally have a dried film

thickness of

[[Page 45963]]

less than 0.0013 centimeter (0.0005 in.) and that the permitting agency

has determined cannot be applied by any of the application methods

specified in paragraph (f)(1) of this section;

(iv) The use of airbrush application methods for stenciling,

lettering, and other identification markings;

(v) The use of hand-held spray can application methods; and

(vi) Touch-up and repair operations.

(g) Inorganic HAP emissions. Except as provided in paragraph (g)(4)

of this section, each owner or operator of a new or existing primer or

topcoat application operation subject to this subpart in which any of

the coatings that are spray applied contain inorganic HAP, shall comply

with the applicable requirements in paragraphs (g)(1) through (g)(3) of

this section.

(1) Apply these coatings in a booth or hangar in which air flow is

directed downward onto or across the part or assembly being coated and

exhausted through one or more outlets.

(2) Control the air stream from this operation as follows:

(i) For existing sources, pass the air stream through either a dry

particulate filter system or a waterwash system before exhausting it to

the atmosphere.

(ii) Waterwash booths shall remain in operation during all coating

application operations.

(iii) Dry filter booths shall include two-stage filter systems or

the equivalent, as determined by the permitting agency.

(iv) For new sources, pass the air stream through either a two-

stage dry particulate filter system or a waterwash system before

exhausting it to the atmosphere. If the primer or topcoat contains

chromium or cadmium, control shall consist of either a three-stage

filter system, HEPA filter system, or other equivalent control system

as approved by the permitting agency.

(v) If a dry particulate filter system is used, the following

requirements shall be met:

(A) Maintain the system in good working order;

(B) Install a differential pressure gauge across the filter banks;

(C) Continuously monitor the pressure drop across the filter; and

(D) Take corrective action when the pressure drop exceeds or falls

below the filter manufacturer's recommended limit(s).

(vi) If a waterwash system is used, continuously monitor the water

flow rate.

(3) If the pressure drop across the dry particulate filter system,

as recorded pursuant to Sec. 63.752(d)(1), is outside the limit(s)

specified by the filter manufacturer or in locally prepared operating

procedures, shut down the operation immediately and take corrective

action. If the water path in the waterwash system fails the visual

continuity/flow characteristics check, or the water flow rate recorded

pursuant to Sec. 63.752(d)(2) exceeds the limit(s) specified by the

booth manufacturer or in locally prepared operating procedures, or the

booth manufacturer's or locally prepared maintenance procedures for the

filter or waterwash system have not been performed as scheduled, shut

down the operation immediately and take corrective action. The

operation shall not be resumed until the pressure drop or water flow

rate is returned within the specified limit(s).

(4) The requirements of paragraphs (g)(1) through (g)(3) of this

section do not apply to the following:

(i) Touch-up of scratched surfaces or damaged paint;

(ii) Hole daubing for fasteners;

(iii) Touch-up of trimmed edges;

(iv) Coating prior to joining dissimilar metal components;

(v) Stencil operations performed by brush or air brush;

(vi) Section joining;

(vii) Touch-up of bushings and other similar parts;

(viii) Sealant detackifying; and

(ix) Painting parts in an area identified in a title V permit,

where the permitting authority has determined that it is not

technically feasible to paint the parts in a booth.

Sec. 63.746 Standards: Depainting Operations.

(a) Applicability. Each owner or operator of a new or existing

depainting operation subject to this subpart shall comply with the

requirements in paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(3) of this section, and

with the requirements specified in paragraph (b) where there are no

controls for organic HAP, or paragraph (c) where organic HAP are

controlled using a control system. This subpart does not apply to an

aerospace manufacturing facility that depaints 6 or less completed

aerospace vehicles in a calendar year.

(1) The provisions of this section apply to the depainting of the

outer surface areas of completed aerospace vehicles, including the

fuselage, wings, and vertical and horizontal stabilizers of the

aircraft, and the outer casing and stabilizers of missiles and rockets.

These provisions do not apply to the depainting of parts or units

normally removed from the aerospace vehicle for depainting. However,

depainting of wings and stabilizers is always subject to the

requirements of this section regardless of whether their removal is

considered by the owner or operator to be normal practice for

depainting.

(2) Aerospace vehicles or components that are intended for public

display, no longer operational, and not easily capable of being moved

are exempt from the requirements of this section.

(3) The following depainting operations are exempt from the

requirements of this section:

(i) Depainting of radomes; and

(ii) Depainting of parts, subassemblies, and assemblies normally

removed from the primary aircraft structure before depainting.

(b)(1) HAP emissions--non-HAP chemical strippers and technologies.

Except as provided in paragraph (b)(3) of this section, each owner or

operator of a new or existing aerospace depainting operation subject to

this subpart shall emit no organic HAP from chemical stripping

formulations and agents or chemical paint softeners.

(2) Where non-chemical based equipment is used to comply with

paragraph (b)(1) of this section, either in total or in part, each

owner or operator shall operate and maintain the equipment according to

the manufacturer's specifications or locally prepared operating

procedures. During periods of malfunctions of such equipment, each

owner or operator may use substitute materials during the repair period

provided the substitute materials used are those available that

minimize organic HAP emissions. In no event shall substitute materials

be used for more than 15 days annually, unless such materials are

organic HAP-free.

(3) Each owner or operator of a new or existing depainting

operation complying with paragraph (b)(1) shall not, on an annual

average basis, use more than 26 gallons of organic HAP-containing

chemical strippers per commercial aircraft depainted or more than 50

gallons of organic HAP-containing chemical strippers per military

aircraft depainted for spot stripping and decal removal.

(4) Each owner or operator of a new or existing depainting

operation complying with paragraph (b)(2), that generates airborne

inorganic HAP emissions from dry media blasting equipment, shall also

comply with the requirements specified in paragraphs (b)(4)(i) through

(b)(4)(v) of this section.

(i) Perform the depainting operation in an enclosed area.

(ii) Pass any air stream removed from the enclosed area through a

dry particulate filter system, baghouse, or waterwash system before

exhausting it to the atmosphere.

[[Page 45964]]

(iii) If a dry particulate filter system is used, the following

requirements shall be met:

(A) Maintain the system in good working order;

(B) Install a differential pressure gauge across the filter banks;

(C) Continuously monitor the pressure drop across the filter; and

(D) Take corrective action when the pressure drop exceeds or falls

below the filter manufacturer's recommended limits.

(iv) If a waterwash system is used, continuously monitor the water

flow rate.

(v) If the pressure drop, as recorded pursuant to

Sec. 63.752(e)(7), is outside the limit(s) specified by the filter

manufacturer or in locally prepared operating procedures, whichever is

more stringent, shut down the operation immediately and take corrective

action. If the water path in the waterwash system fails the visual

continuity/flow characteristics check as recorded pursuant to

Sec. 63.752(e)(7), or the water flow rate, as recorded pursuant to

Sec. 63.752(d)(2), exceeds the limit(s) specified by the booth

manufacturer or in locally prepared operating procedures, or the booth

manufacturer's or locally prepared maintenance procedures for the

filter or waterwash system have not been performed as scheduled, shut

down the operation immediately and take corrective action. The

operation shall not be resumed until the pressure drop or water flow

rate is returned within the specified limit(s).

(5) Mechanical and hand sanding operations are exempt from the

requirements in paragraph (b)(4) of this section.

(c) Organic HAP emissions--organic HAP-containing chemical

strippers. Each owner or operator of a new or existing organic HAP-

containing chemical stripper depainting operation subject to this

subpart shall comply with the requirements specified in this paragraph.

(1) All organic HAP emissions from the operation shall be reduced

by the use of a control system. Each control system that was installed

before the effective date shall reduce the operations' organic HAP

emissions to the atmosphere by 81% or greater, taking into account

capture and destruction or removal efficiencies, as determined using

the procedures in Sec. 63.750(g) when a carbon adsorber is used or

Sec. 63.750(h) when a control device other than a carbon adsorber is

used. Each control system installed on or after the effective date

shall reduce organic HAP emissions to the atmosphere by 95% or greater.

Reduction shall take into account capture and destruction or removal

efficiencies, and the volume of chemical stripper used (e.g., the 95%

efficiency may be achieved by controlling emissions at 81% efficiency

with a control system and using 74% less stripper than in baseline

applications). The baseline shall be calculated using data from 1996

and 1997, which shall be on a usage per aircraft or usage per square

foot of surface basis.

Sec. 63.747 Standards: Chemical milling maskant application

operations.

(a) Each owner or operator of a new or existing chemical milling

maskant operation subject to this subpart shall comply with the

requirements specified in paragraph (c) of this section for those

chemical milling maskants that are uncontrolled (no control device is

used to reduce organic HAP emissions from the operation) and in

paragraph (d) of this section for those chemical milling maskants that

are controlled (organic HAP emissions from the operation are reduced by

the use of a control device).

(b) Each owner or operator shall conduct the handling and transfer

of chemical milling maskants to or from containers, tanks, vats,

vessels, and piping systems in such a manner that minimizes spills.

(c) Uncontrolled maskants--organic HAP and VOC content levels. Each

owner or operator shall comply with the organic HAP and VOC content

limits specified in paragraphs (c)(1) and (c)(2) of this section for

each chemical milling maskant that is uncontrolled.

(1) Organic HAP emissions from chemical milling maskants shall be

limited to an organic HAP content level of no more than 160 grams of

organic HAP per liter (1.3 lb/gal) of chemical milling maskant (less

water) as applied.

(2) VOC emissions from chemical milling maskants shall be limited

to a VOC content level of no more than 160 grams of VOC per liter (1.3

lb/gal) of chemical milling maskant (less water and exempt solvents) as

applied.

(3) The requirements of paragraphs (c)(1) and (c)(2) of this

section do not apply to the following:

(i) Touch-up of scratched surfaces or damaged maskant; and

(ii) Touch-up of trimmed edges.

(d) Controlled maskants--control system requirements. Each control

system shall reduce the operation's organic HAP and VOC emissions to

the atmosphere by 81% or greater, taking into account capture and

destruction or removal efficiencies, as determined using the procedures

in Sec. 63.750(g) when a carbon adsorber is used and in Sec. 63.750(h)

when a control device other than a carbon adsorber is used.

(e) Compliance methods. Compliance with the organic HAP and VOC

content limits specified in paragraphs (c)(1) and (c)(2) of this

section may be accomplished by using the methods specified in

paragraphs (e)(1) and (e)(2) of this section either by themselves or in

conjunction with one another.

(1) Use chemical milling maskants with HAP and VOC content levels

equal to or less than the limits specified in paragraphs (c)(1) and

(c)(2) of this section.

(2)(i) Use any combination of chemical milling maskants such that

the monthly volume-weighted average organic HAP and VOC contents of the

maskants comply with the specified content limits, unless the

permitting agency specifies a shorter averaging period as part of an

ambient ozone control program.

(ii) Averaging is allowed only for uncontrolled chemical milling

maskants.

(iii) Each averaging scheme shall be approved in advance by the

permitting agency and be adopted as part of the facility's title V

permit.

Sec. 63.748 Standards: Handling and storage of waste.

Except as provided in Sec. 63.741(e), the owner or operator of each

facility subject to this subpart that produces a waste that contains

HAP shall conduct the handling and transfer of the waste to or from

containers, tanks, vats, vessels, and piping systems in such a manner

that minimizes spills.

Sec. 63.749 Compliance dates and determinations.

(a) Compliance dates. Each owner or operator of an existing source

subject to this subpart shall comply with the requirements of this

subpart within 3 years after the effective date. Owners or operators of

new sources subject to this subpart shall comply on the effective date

or upon startup, whichever is later. In addition, each owner or

operator shall comply with the compliance dates specified in

Sec. 63.6(b) and Sec. 63.6(c).

(b) General. Each facility subject to this subpart shall be

considered in noncompliance if the owner or operator fails to submit an

operation and maintenance plan as required by Sec. 63.743(b) or uses a

control device other than one specified in this subpart that has not

been approved by the Administrator, as required by Sec. 63.743(c).

(c) Cleaning operations. Each cleaning operation subject to this

subpart shall be considered in noncompliance if the

[[Page 45965]]

owner or operator fails to institute and carry out the housekeeping

measures required under Sec. 63.744(a). Incidental emissions resulting

from the activation of pressure release vents and valves on enclosed

cleaning systems are exempt from this paragraph.

(1) Hand-wipe cleaning. An affected hand-wipe cleaning operation

shall be considered in compliance when all hand-wipe cleaning solvents,

excluding those used for hand cleaning of spray gun equipment under

Sec. 63.744(c)(3), meet either the composition requirements specified

in Sec. 63.744(b)(1) or the vapor pressure requirement specified in

Sec. 63.744(b)(2).

(2) Spray gun cleaning. An affected spray gun cleaning operation

shall be considered in compliance when each of the following conditions

is met:

(i) One of the four techniques specified in Sec. 63.744 (c)(1)

through (c)(4) is used;

(ii) The technique selected is operated according to the procedures

specified in Sec. 63.744 (c)(1) through (c)(4) as appropriate; and

(iii) If an enclosed system is used, monthly visual inspections are

conducted and any leak detected is repaired within 15 days after

detection. If the leak is not repaired by the 15th day after detection,

the solvent shall be removed and the enclosed cleaner shall be shut

down until the cleaner is repaired or its use is permanently

discontinued.

(3) Flush cleaning. An affected flush cleaning operation shall be

considered in compliance if the operating requirements specified in

Sec. 63.744(d) are implemented and carried out.

(d) Organic HAP and VOC content levels--primer and topcoat

application operations.

(1) Performance test periods. For uncontrolled coatings that are

not averaged, each 24 hours is considered a performance test. For

compliant and non-compliant coatings that are averaged together, each

30-day period is considered a performance test, unless the permitting

agency specifies a shorter averaging period as part of an ambient ozone

control program. When using a control device other than a carbon

adsorber, three 1-hour runs constitute the test period for the initial

and any subsequent performance test. When using a carbon adsorber, each

rolling material balance period is considered a performance test.

(2) Initial performance tests. If a control device is used, each

owner or operator shall conduct an initial performance test to

demonstrate compliance with the overall reduction efficiency specified

in paragraph Sec. 63.745, unless a waiver is obtained under either

Sec. 63.7(e)(2)(iv) or Sec. 63.7(h). The initial performance test shall

be conducted according to the procedures and test methods specified in

Sec. 63.7 and Sec. 63.750(g) for carbon adsorbers and in Sec. 63.750(h)

for control devices other than carbon adsorbers. For carbon adsorbers,

the initial performance test shall be used to establish the appropriate

rolling material balance period for determining compliance. The

procedures in paragraphs (d)(2)(i) through (d)(2)(vi) of this section

shall be used in determining initial compliance with the provisions of

this subpart for carbon adsorbers.

(i)(A) When either EPA Method 18 or EPA Method 25A is to be used in

the determination of the efficiency of a fixed-bed carbon adsorption

system with a common exhaust stack for all the individual carbon

adsorber vessels pursuant to Sec. 63.750(g) (2) or (4), the test shall

consist of three separate runs, each coinciding with one or more

complete sequences through the adsorption cycles of all of the

individual carbon adsorber vessels.

(B) When either EPA Method 18 or EPA Method 25A is to be used in

the determination of the efficiency of a fixed-bed carbon adsorption

system with individual exhaust stacks for each carbon adsorber vessel

pursuant to Sec. 63.750(g) (3) or (4), each carbon adsorber vessel

shall be tested individually. The test for each carbon adsorber vessel

shall consist of three separate runs. Each run shall coincide with one

or more complete adsorption cycles.

(ii) EPA Method 1 or 1A of appendix A of part 60 is used for sample

and velocity traverses.

(iii) EPA Method 2, 2A, 2C, or 2D of appendix A of part 60 is used

for velocity and volumetric flow rates.

(iv) EPA Method 3 of appendix A of part 60 is used for gas

analysis.

(v) EPA Method 4 of appendix A of part 60 is used for stack gas

moisture.

(vi) EPA Methods 2, 2A, 2C, 2D, 3, and 4 shall be performed, as

applicable, at least twice during each test period.

(3) The primer application operation is considered in compliance

when the conditions specified in paragraphs (d)(3)(i) through

(d)(3)(iv) of this section, as applicable, and in paragraph (e) of this

section are met. Failure to meet any one of the conditions identified

in these paragraphs shall constitute noncompliance.

(i) For all uncontrolled primers, all values of Hi and Ha

(as determined using the procedures specified in Sec. 63.750 (c) and

(d)) are less than or equal to 350 grams of organic HAP per liter (2.9

lb/gal) of primer (less water) as applied, and all values of Gi

and Ga (as determined using the procedures specified in

Sec. 63.750 (e) and (f)) are less than or equal to 350 grams of organic

VOC per liter (2.9 lb/gal) of primer (less water and exempt solvents)

as applied.

(ii) If a control device is used:

(A) The overall control system efficiency, Ek, as determined

using the procedures specified in Sec. 63.750(g) for control systems

containing carbon adsorbers and in Sec. 63.750(h) for control systems

with other control devices, is equal to or greater than 81% during the

initial performance test and any subsequent performance test;

(B) If an incinerator other than a catalytic incinerator is used,

the average combustion temperature for all 3-hour periods is greater

than or equal to the average combustion temperature established under

Sec. 63.751(b)(11); and

(C) If a catalytic incinerator is used, the average combustion

temperatures for all 3-hour periods are greater than or equal to the

average combustion temperatures established under Sec. 63.751(b)(12).

(iii)(A) Uses an application technique specified in Sec. 63.745

(f)(1)(i) through (f)(1)(viii), or

(B) Uses an alternative application technique, as allowed under

Sec. 63.745(f)(1)(ix), such that the emissions of both organic HAP and

VOC for the implementation period of the alternative application method

are less than or equal to the emissions generated during the initial

30-day period, the period of time required to apply primer to five

completely assembled aircraft, or a time period approved by the

permitting agency, using HVLP or electrostatic spray application

methods as determined using the procedures specified in Sec. 63.750(i).

(iv) Operates all application techniques in accordance with the

manufacturer's specifications or locally prepared operating procedures,

whichever is more stringent.

(4) The topcoat application operation is considered in compliance

when the conditions specified in paragraphs (e)(4)(i) through

(e)(4)(iv) of this section, as applicable, and in paragraph (f) of this

section are met. Failure to meet any of the conditions identified in

these paragraphs shall constitute noncompliance.

(i) For all uncontrolled topcoats, all values of Hi and

Ha(as determined using the procedures specified in Sec. 63.750(c)

and (d)) are less than or equal to 420 grams organic HAP per liter (3.5

lb/gal) of topcoat (less water) as applied, and all values of Gi

and Ga (as determined using the procedures specified in

[[Page 45966]]

Sec. 63.750(e) and (f)) are less than or equal to 420 grams organic VOC

per liter (3.5 lb/gal) of topcoat (less water and exempt solvents) as

applied.

(ii) If a control device is used,

(A) The overall control system efficiency, Ek, as determined

using the procedures specified in Sec. 63.750(g) for control systems

containing carbon adsorbers and in Sec. 63.750(h) for control systems

with other control devices, is equal to or greater than 81% during the

initial performance test and any subsequent performance test;

(B) If an incinerator other than a catalytic incinerator is used,

the average combustion temperature for all 3-hour periods is greater

than or equal to the average combustion temperature established under

Sec. 63.751(b)(11); and

(C) If a catalytic incinerator is used, the average combustion

temperatures for all 3-hour periods are greater than or equal to the

average combustion temperatures established under Sec. 63.751(b)(12).

(iii)(A) Uses an application technique specified in

Sec. 63.745(f)(1)(i) through (f)(1)(ix) or

(B) Uses an alternative application technique as allowed under

Sec. 63.745(f)(1)(ix) such that the emissions of both organic HAP and

VOC for the implementation period of the alternative application method

are less than or equal to the emissions generated during the initial

30-day period, the period of time required to apply topcoat to five

completely assembled aircraft, or a time period approved by the

permitting agency, using HVLP or electrostatic spray application

methods as determined using the procedures specified in Sec. 63.750(i).

(iv) Operates all application techniques in accordance with the

manufacturer's specifications or locally prepared operating procedures.

(e) Inorganic HAP emissions--primer and topcoat application

operations. For each primer or topcoat application operation that emits

inorganic HAP, the operation is in compliance when:

(1) It is operated according to the requirements specified in

Sec. 63.745(g)(1) through (g)(3); and

(2) It is shut down immediately whenever the pressure drop or water

flow rate is outside the limit(s) established for them and is not

restarted until the pressure drop or water flow rate is returned within

these limit(s), as required under Sec. 63.745(g)(3).

(f) Organic HAP emissions--Depainting operations.

(1) Performance test periods. When using a control device other

than a carbon adsorber, three 1-hour runs constitute the test period

for the initial and any subsequent performance test. When a carbon

adsorber is used, each rolling material balance period is considered a

performance test. Each 24-hour period is considered a performance test

period for determining compliance with Sec. 63.746(b)(1). For

uncontrolled organic emissions from depainting operations, each

calendar year is considered a performance test period for determining

compliance with the HAP limits for organic HAP-containing chemical

strippers used for spot stripping and decal removal.

(2) Initial performance tests. If a control device is used, each

owner or operator shall conduct an initial performance test to

demonstrate compliance with the overall reduction efficiency specified

in Sec. 63.746(c), unless a waiver is obtained under either

Sec. 63.7(e)(2)(iv) or Sec. 63.7(h). The initial performance test shall

be conducted according to the procedures and test methods specified in

Sec. 63.7 and Sec. 63.750(g) for carbon adsorbers and in Sec. 63.750(h)

for control devices other than carbon adsorbers. For carbon adsorbers,

the initial performance test shall be used to establish the appropriate

rolling material balance period for determining compliance. The

procedures in paragraphs (2)(i) through (2)(vi) of this section shall

be used in determining initial compliance with the provisions of this

subpart for carbon adsorbers.

(i)(A) When either EPA Method 18 or EPA Method 25A is to be used in

the determination of the efficiency of a fixed-bed carbon adsorption

system with a common exhaust stack for all the individual carbon

adsorber vessels pursuant to Sec. 63.750(g)(2) or (4), the test shall

consist of three separate runs, each coinciding with one or more

complete sequences through the adsorption cycles of all of the

individual carbon adsorber vessels.

(B) When either EPA Method 18 or EPA Method 25A is to be used in

the determination of the efficiency of a fixed-bed carbon adsorption

system with individual exhaust stacks for each carbon adsorber vessel

pursuant to Sec. 63.750(g) (3) or (4), each carbon adsorber vessel

shall be tested individually. The test for each carbon adsorber vessel

shall consist of three separate runs. Each run shall coincide with one

or more complete adsorption cycles.

(ii) EPA Method 1 or 1A of appendix A of part 60 is used for sample

and velocity traverses.

(iii) EPA Method 2, 2A, 2C, or 2D of appendix A of part 60 is used

for velocity and volumetric flow rates.

(iv) EPA Method 3 of appendix A of part 60 is used for gas

analysis.

(v) EPA Method 4 of appendix A of part 60 is used for stack gas

moisture.

(vi) EPA Methods 2, 2A, 2C, 2D, 3, and 4 shall be performed, as

applicable, at least twice during each test period.

(3) An organic HAP-containing chemical stripper depainting

operation is considered in compliance when the conditions specified in

paragraph (g)(3)(i) of this section are met.

(i) If a carbon adsorber (or other control device) is used, the

overall control efficiency of the control system, as determined using

the procedures specified in Sec. 63.750(g) (or other control device as

determined using the procedures specified in Sec. 63.750(h)), is equal

to or greater than 81% for control systems installed before the

effective date, or equal to or greater than 95% for control systems

installed on or after the effective date, during the initial

performance test and all subsequent material balances (or performance

tests, as appropriate).

(ii) For non-HAP depainting operations complying with

Sec. 63.746(b)(1);

(A) For any spot stripping and decal removal, the value of C, as

determined using the procedures specified in Sec. 63.750(j), is less

than or equal to 26 gallons of organic HAP-containing chemical stripper

per aircraft depainted for commercial aircraft and is less than or

equal to 50 gallons of organic HAP-containing chemical stripper per

aircraft depainted for military aircraft calculated on a yearly

average; and

(B) The requirements of Sec. 63.746(b)(2) are carried out during

malfunctions of non-chemical based equipment.

(g) Inorganic HAP emissions--depainting operations. Each depainting

operation is in compliance when:

(1) The operating requirements specified in Sec. 63.746(b)(4) are

followed; and

(2) It is shut down immediately whenever the pressure drop or water

flow rate is outside the limit(s) established for them and is not

restarted until the pressure drop or water flow rate is returned within

these limit(s), as required under Sec. 63.746(b)(4)(v).

(h) Chemical milling maskant application operations.--(1)

Performance test periods. For uncontrolled chemical milling maskants

that are not averaged, each 24-hour period is considered a performance

test. For compliant and noncompliant chemical milling maskants that are

averaged together, each 30-day period is considered a performance test,

unless the permitting agency specifies a shorter period as part of an

ambient ozone

[[Page 45967]]

control program. When using a control device other than a carbon

adsorber, three 1-hour runs constitute the test period for the initial

and any subsequent performance test. When a carbon adsorber is used,

each rolling material balance period is considered a performance test.

(2) Initial performance tests. If a control device is used, each

owner or operator shall conduct an initial performance test to

demonstrate compliance with the overall reduction efficiency specified

in Sec. 63.747(d), unless a waiver is obtained under either

Sec. 63.7(e)(2)(iv) or Sec. 63.7(h). The initial performance test shall

be conducted according to the procedures and test methods specified in

Sec. 63.7 and Sec. 63.750(g) for carbon adsorbers and in Sec. 63.750(h)

for control devices other than carbon adsorbers. For carbon adsorbers,

the initial performance test shall be used to establish the appropriate

rolling material balance period for determining compliance. The

procedures in paragraphs (h)(2) (i) through (vi) of this section shall

be used in determining initial compliance with the provisions of this

subpart for carbon adsorbers.

(i)(A) When either EPA Method 18 or EPA Method 25A is to be used in

the determination of the efficiency of a fixed-bed carbon adsorption

system with a common exhaust stack for all the individual carbon

adsorber vessels pursuant to Sec. 63.750(g) (2) or (4), the test shall

consist of three separate runs, each coinciding with one or more

complete sequences through the adsorption cycles of all of the

individual carbon adsorber vessels.

(B) When either EPA Method 18 or EPA Method 25A is to be used in

the determination of the efficiency of a fixed-bed carbon adsorption

system with individual exhaust stacks for each carbon adsorber vessel

pursuant to Sec. 63.750(g) (3) or (4), each carbon adsorber vessel

shall be tested individually. The test for each carbon adsorber vessel

shall consist of three separate runs. Each run shall coincide with one

or more complete adsorption cycles.

(ii) EPA Method 1 or 1A of appendix A of part 60 is used for sample

and velocity traverses.

(iii) EPA Method 2, 2A, 2C, or 2D of appendix A of part 60 is used

for velocity and volumetric flow rates.

(iv) EPA Method 3 of appendix A of part 60 is used for gas

analysis.

(v) EPA Method 4 of appendix A of part 60 is used for stack gas

moisture.

(vi) EPA Methods 2, 2A, 2C, 2D, 3, and 4 shall be performed, as

applicable, at least twice during each test period.

(3) The chemical milling maskant application operation is

considered in compliance when the conditions specified in paragraphs

(i)(3)(i) and (i)(3)(ii) of this section are met.

(i) For all uncontrolled chemical milling maskants, all values of

Hi and Ha (as determined using the procedures specified in

Sec. 63.750 (k) and (l)) are less than or equal to 160 grams of organic

HAP per liter (1.3 lb/gal) as applied (less water) and all values of

Gi and Ga (as determined using the procedures specified in

Sec. 63.750 (m) and (n)) are less than or equal to 160 grams of VOC per

liter (1.3 lb/gal) of chemical milling maskant (less water and exempt

solvents) as applied.

(ii) If a carbon adsorber (or other control device) is used, the

overall control efficiency of the control system, as determined using

the procedures specified in Sec. 63.750(g) (or systems with other

control devices as determined using the procedures specified in

Sec. 63.750(h)), is equal to or greater than 81% during the initial

performance test period and all subsequent material balances (or

performance tests, as appropriate).

(i) Handling and storage of waste. For those wastes subject to this

subpart, failure to comply with the requirements specified in

Sec. 63.748 shall be considered a violation.

Sec. 63.750 Test methods and procedures.

(a) Composition determination. Compliance with the hand-wipe

cleaning solvent approved composition list specified in

Sec. 63.744(b)(1) for hand-wipe cleaning solvents shall be demonstrated

using data supplied by the manufacturer of the cleaning solvent. The

data shall identify all components of the cleaning solvent and shall

demonstrate that one of the approved composition definitions is met.

(b) Vapor pressure determination. The composite vapor pressure of

hand-wipe cleaning solvents used in a cleaning operation subject to

this subpart shall be determined as follows:

(1) For single-component hand-wipe cleaning solvents, the vapor

pressure shall be determined using MSDS or other manufacturer's data,

standard engineering reference texts, or other equivalent methods.

(2) The composite vapor pressure of a blended hand-wipe solvent

shall be determined by quantifying the amount of each organic compound

in the blend using manufacturer's supplied data or a gas

chromatographic analysis in accordance with ASTM E 260-91 (incorporated

by reference as specified in Sec. 63.14 of subpart A of this part) and

by calculating the composite vapor pressure of the solvent by summing

the partial pressures of each component. The vapor pressure of each

component shall be determined using manufacturer's data, standard

engineering reference texts, or other equivalent methods. The following

equation shall be used to determine the composite vapor pressure:

[GRAPHIC][TIFF OMITTED]TR01SE95.003

where:

Wi=Weight of the ``i''th VOC compound, grams.

Ww=Weight of water, grams.

We=Weight of non-HAP, nonVOC compound, grams.

MWi=Molecular weight of the ``i''th VOC compound, g/g-mole.

MWw=Molecular weight of water, g/g-mole.

MWe=Molecular weight of exempt compound, g/g-mole.

PPc=VOC composite partial pressure at 20 deg.C, mm Hg.

VPi=Vapor pressure of the ``i''th VOC compound at 20 deg.C, mm

Hg.

(c) Organic HAP content level determination--compliant primers and

topcoats. For those uncontrolled primers and topcoats complying with

the primer and topcoat organic HAP content limits specified in

Sec. 63.745(c) without being averaged, the following procedures shall

be used to determine the mass of organic HAP emitted per volume of

coating (less water) as applied.

(1) For coatings that contain no exempt solvents, determine the

total organic HAP content using manufacturer's supplied data or Method

24 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A to determine the VOC content. The VOC

content shall be used as a surrogate for total HAP content for coatings

that contain no exempt solvent. If there is a discrepancy between the

manufacturer's formulation data and the results of the Method 24

analysis, compliance shall be based on the results from the Method 24

analysis.

When Method 24 is used to determine the VOC content of water-

reducible coatings, the precision adjustment factors in Reference

Method 24 shall be used. If the adjusted analytical VOC content is less

than the formulation solvent content, then the analytical VOC content

should be set equal to the formulation solvent content.

(2) For each coating formulation as applied, determine the organic

HAP weight fraction, water weight fraction (if

[[Page 45968]]

applicable), and density from manufacturer's data. If these values

cannot be determined using the manufacturer's data, the owner or

operator shall submit an alternative procedure for determining their

values for approval by the Administrator. Recalculation is required

only when a change occurs in the coating formulation.

(3) For each coating as applied, calculate the mass of organic HAP

emitted per volume of coating (lb/gal) less water as applied using

equations 1, 2, and 3:

[GRAPHIC][TIFF OMITTED]TR01SE95.004

where

Vwi=volume (gal) of water in one gal of coating i.

Dci=density (lb of coating per gal of coating) of coating i.

Wwi=weight fraction (expressed as a decimal) of water in coating

i.

Dw=density of water, 8.33 lb/gal.

[GRAPHIC][TIFF OMITTED]TR01SE95.005

where

MHi=mass (lb) of organic HAP in one gal of coating i.

Dci=density (lb of coating per gal of coating) of coating i.

WHi=weight fraction (expressed as a decimal) of organic HAP in

coating i.

[GRAPHIC][TIFF OMITTED]TR01SE95.006

where

Hi=mass of organic HAP emitted per volume of coating i (lb/gal)

less water as applied.

MHi=mass (lb) of organic HAP in one gal of coating i.

Vwi=volume (gal) of water in one gal of coating i.

(d) Organic HAP content level determination--averaged primers and

topcoats. For those uncontrolled primers and topcoats that are averaged

together in order to comply with the primer and topcoat organic HAP

content limits specified in Sec. 63.745(c), the following procedure

shall be used to determine the monthly volume-weighted average mass of

organic HAP emitted per volume of coating (less water) as applied,

unless the permitting agency specifies a shorter averaging period as

part of an ambient ozone control program.

(1)(i) Determine the total organic HAP weight fraction as applied

of each coating. If any ingredients, including diluent solvent, are

added to a coating prior to its application, the organic HAP weight

fraction of the coating shall be determined at a time and location in

the process after all ingredients have been added.

(ii) Determine the total organic HAP weight fraction of each

coating as applied each month.

(A) If no changes have been made to a coating, either as supplied

or as applied, or if a change has been made that has a minimal effect

on the organic HAP content of the coating, the value previously

determined may continue to be used until a change in formulation has

been made by either the manufacturer or the user.

(B) If a change in formulation or a change in the ingredients added

to the coating takes place, including the ratio of coating to diluent

solvent, prior to its application, either of which results in a more

than minimal effect on the organic HAP content of the coating, the

total organic HAP weight fraction of the coating shall be redetermined.

(iii) Manufacturer's formulation data may be used to determine the

total organic HAP content of each coating and any ingredients added to

the coating prior to its application. If the total organic HAP content

cannot be determined using the manufacturer's data, the owner or

operator shall submit an alternative procedure for determining the

total organic HAP weight fraction for approval by the Administrator.

(2)(i) Determine the volume both in total gallons as applied and in

total gallons (less water) as applied of each coating. If any

ingredients, including diluent solvents, are added prior to its

application, the volume of each coating shall be determined at a time

and location in the process after all ingredients (including any

diluent solvent) have been added.

(ii) Determine the volume of each coating (less water) as applied

each month, unless the permitting agency specifies a shorter period as

part of an ambient ozone control program.

(iii) The volume applied may be determined from company records.

(3)(i) Determine the density of each coating as applied. If any

ingredients, including diluent solvent, are added to a coating prior to

its application, the density of the coating shall be determined at a

time and location in the process after all ingredients have been added.

(ii) Determine the density of each coating as applied each month,

unless the permitting agency specifies a shorter period as part of an

ambient ozone control program.

(A) If no changes have been made to a coating, either as supplied

or as applied, or if a change has been made that has a minimal effect

on the density of the coating, then the value previously determined may

continue to be used until a change in formulation has been made by

either the manufacturer or the user.

(B) If a change in formulation or a change in the ingredients added

to the coating takes place, including the ratio of coating to diluent

solvent, prior to its application, either of which results in a more

than minimal effect on the density of the coating, then the density of

the coating shall be redetermined.

(iii) The density may be determined from company records, including

manufacturer's data sheets. If the density of the coating cannot be

determined using the company's records, including the manufacturer's

data, then the owner or operator shall submit an alternative procedure

for determining the density for approval by the Administrator.

(4) Calculate the total volume in gallons as applied (less water)

by summing the individual volumes of each coating (less water) as

applied, which were determined under paragraph (d)(2) of this section.

(5) Calculate the volume-weighted average mass of organic HAP in

coatings emitted per unit volume (lb/gal) of coating (less water) as

applied during each 30-day period using equation 4:

[GRAPHIC][TIFF OMITTED]TR01SE95.007

where

Ha=volume-weighted average mass of organic HAP emitted per unit

volume of coating (lb/gal) (less water) as applied during each 30-day

period for those coatings being averaged.

n=number of coatings being averaged.

WHi=weight fraction (expressed as a decimal) of organic HAP in

coating i as applied that is being averaged during each 30-day period.

Dci=density (lb of coating per gal of coating) of coating i as

applied that is being averaged during each 30-day period.

Vci=volume (gal) of coating i as applied that is being averaged

during the 30-day period.

Clw=total volume (gal) of all coatings (less water) as applied

that are being averaged during each 30-day period.

(e) VOC content level determination--compliant primers and

topcoats. For those uncontrolled primers and topcoats

[[Page 45969]]

complying with the primer and topcoat VOC content levels specified in

Sec. 63.745(c) without being averaged, the following procedure shall be

used to determine the mass of VOC emitted per volume of coating (less

water and exempt solvents) as applied.

(1) Determine the VOC content of each formulation (less water and

exempt solvents) as applied using manufacturer's supplied data or

Method 24 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A to determine the VOC content.

The VOC content shall be used as a surrogate for total HAP content for

coatings that contain no exempt solvent. If there is a discrepancy

between the manufacturer's formulation data and the results of the

Method 24 analysis, compliance shall be based on the results from the

Method 24 analysis.

When Method 24 is used to determine the VOC content of water-

reducible coatings, the precision adjustment factors in Reference

Method 24 shall be used. If the adjusted analytical VOC content is less

than the formulation solvent content, then the analytical VOC content

should be set equal to the formulation solvent content.

(2) For each coating applied, calculate the mass of VOC emitted per

volume of coating (lb/gal) (less water and exempt solvents) as applied

using equations 5, 6, and 7:

[GRAPHIC][TIFF OMITTED]TR01SE95.008

where

Vwi=volume (gal) of water in one gal of coating i.

Dci=density (lb of coating per gal of coating) of coating i.

Wwi=weight fraction (expressed as a decimal) of water in coating

i.

Dw=density of water, 8.33 lb/gal.

[GRAPHIC][TIFF OMITTED]TR01SE95.009

where

MVi=mass (lb) of VOC in one gal of coating i.

Dci=density (lb of coating per gal of coating) of coating i.

WVi=weight fraction (expressed as a decimal) of VOC in coating i.

[GRAPHIC][TIFF OMITTED]TR01SE95.010

where

Gi=mass of VOC emitted per volume of coating i (lb/gal) (less

water and exempt solvents) as applied.

MVi=mass (lb) of VOC in one gal of coating i.

Vwi=volume (gal) of water in one gal of coating i.

VXi=volume (gal) of exempt solvents in one gal of coating i.

(3)(i) If the VOC content is found to be different when EPA Method

24 is used during an enforcement inspection from that used by the owner

or operator in calculating Ga, compliance shall be based, except

as provided in paragraph (e)(3)(ii) of this section, upon the VOC

content obtained using EPA Method 24.

(ii) If the VOC content of a coating obtained using Method 24 would

indicate noncompliance as determined under either Sec. 63.749 (d)(3)(i)

or (d)(4)(i), an owner or operator may elect to average the coating

with other uncontrolled coatings and (re)calculate Gi (using the

procedure specified in paragraph (f) of this section), provided

appropriate and sufficient records were maintained for all coatings

included in the average (re)calculation. The (re)calculated value of

Gi (Ga in paragraph (f)) for the averaged coatings shall then

be used to determine compliance.

(f) VOC content level determination--averaged primers and topcoats.

For those uncontrolled primers and topcoats that are averaged within

their respective coating category in order to comply with the primer

and topcoat VOC content limits specified in Sec. 63.745 (c)(2) and

(c)(4), the following procedure shall be used to determine the monthly

volume-weighted average mass of VOC emitted per volume of coating (less

water and exempt solvents) as applied, unless the permitting agency

specifies a shorter averaging period as part of an ambient ozone

control program.

(1)(i) Determine the VOC content (lb/gal) as applied of each

coating. If any ingredients, including diluent solvent, are added to a

coating prior to its application, the VOC content of the coating shall

be determined at a time and location in the process after all

ingredients have been added.

(ii) Determine the VOC content of each coating as applied each

month, unless the permitting agency specifies a shorter period as part

of an ambient ozone control program.

(A) If no changes have been made to a coating, either as supplied

or as applied, or if a change has been made that has a minimal effect

on the VOC content of the coating, the value previously determined may

continue to be used until a change in formulation has been made by

either the manufacturer or the user.

(B) If a change in formulation or a change in the ingredients added

to the coating takes place, including the ratio of coating to diluent

solvent, prior to its application, either of which results in a more

than minimal effect on the VOC content of the coating, the VOC content

of the coating shall be redetermined.

(iii) Determine the VOC content of each primer and topcoat

formulation (less water and exempt solvents) as applied using EPA

Method 24 or from manufacturer's data.

(2)(i) Determine the volume both in total gallons as applied and in

total gallons (less water and exempt solvents) as applied of each

coating. If any ingredients, including diluent solvents, are added

prior to its application, the volume of each coating shall be

determined at a time and location in the process after all ingredients

(including any diluent solvent) have been added.

(ii) Determine the volume of each coating (less water and exempt

solvents) as applied each day.

(iii) The volume applied may be determined from company records.

(3) Calculate the total volume in gallons (less water and exempt

solvents) as applied by summing the individual volumes of each coating

(less water and exempt solvents) as applied, which were determined

under paragraph (f)(2) of this section.

(4) Calculate the volume-weighted average mass of VOC emitted per

unit volume (lb/gal) of coating (less water and exempt solvents) as

applied for each coating category during each 30-day period using

equation 8:

[GRAPHIC][TIFF OMITTED]TR01SE95.011

where

Ga=volume weighted average mass of VOC per unit volume of coating

(lb/gal) (less water and exempt solvents) as applied during each 30-day

period for those coatings being averaged.

n=number of coatings being averaged.

(VOC)ci=VOC content (lb/gal) of coating i (less water and exempt

solvents) as applied (as determined using the procedures specified in

paragraph (f)(1) of this section) that is being averaged during the 30-

day period.

Vci=volume (gal) of coating i (less water and exempt solvents) as

applied that is being averaged during the 30-day period.

Clwes=total volume (gal) of all coatings (less water and exempt

solvents) as applied during each 30-day period for those coatings being

averaged.

(5)(i) If the VOC content is found to be different when EPA Method

24 is used during an enforcement inspection from that used by the owner

or operator

[[Page 45970]]

in calculating Ga, recalculation of Ga is required using the

new value. If more than one coating is involved, the recalculation

shall be made once using all of the new values.

(ii) If recalculation is required, an owner or operator may elect

to include in the recalculation of Ga uncontrolled coatings that

were not previously included provided appropriate and sufficient

records were maintained for these other coatings to allow daily

recalculations.

(iii) The recalculated value of Ga under either paragraph

(f)(5)(i) or (f)(5)(ii) of this section shall be used to determine

compliance.

(g) Overall VOC and/or organic HAP control efficiency--carbon

adsorber. Each owner or operator subject to the requirements of

Sec. 63.745(d), Sec. 63.746(c), or Sec. 63.747(d) shall demonstrate

initial compliance with the requirements of this subpart by following

the procedures of paragraph (g)(1), (2), (3), (4), or (5) as applicable

and paragraphs (6), (7), and (8) of this section. When an initial

compliance demonstration is required by this subpart, the procedures in

paragraphs (g)(9) through (g)(14) of this section shall be used in

determining initial compliance with the provisions of this subpart.

(1) To demonstrate initial and continuous compliance with

Sec. 63.745(d), Sec. 63.746(c), or Sec. 63.747(d) when emissions are

controlled by a dedicated solvent recovery device, each owner or

operator of the affected operation may perform a liquid-liquid HAP or

VOC material balance over rolling 7- to 30-day periods in lieu of

demonstrating compliance through the methods in paragraph (g)(2),

(g)(3), or (g)(4) of this section. Results of the material balance

calculations performed to demonstrate initial compliance shall be

submitted to the Administrator with the notification of compliance

status required by Sec. 63.9(h) and by Sec. 63.753 (c)(1)(iv),

(d)(3)(i), and (e)(3). When demonstrating compliance by this procedure,

Sec. 63.7(e)(3) of subpart A does not apply. The amount of liquid HAP

or VOC applied and recovered shall be determined as discussed in

paragraph (g)(1)(iii) of this section. The overall HAP or VOC emission

reduction (R) is calculated using equation 9:

[GRAPHIC][TIFF OMITTED]TR01SE95.012

(i) The value of RSi i

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