Subpart DDrainage of Weather Decks

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[Federal Register: January 13, 1994]

Subpart D--Drainage of Weather Decks

Sec. 178.410 Drainage of flush deck vessels.

(a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, the

weather deck on a flush deck vessel must be watertight and have no

obstruction to overboard drainage.

(b) Each flush deck vessel may have solid bulwarks in the forward

one-third length of the vessel if:

(1) The bulwarks do not form a well enclosed on all sides; and

(2) The foredeck of the vessel has sufficient sheer to ensure

drainage aft.

Sec. 178.420 Drainage of cockpit vessels.

(a) Except as follows, the cockpit on a cockpit vessel must be

watertight:

(1) A cockpit may have companionways if the companionway openings

have watertight doors, or weathertight doors and coamings which meet

Sec. 179.360 of this subchapter.

(2) A cockpit may have ventilation openings along its inner

periphery if the vessel operates only on protected or partially

protected waters.

(b) The cockpit deck of a cockpit vessel that operates on exposed

or partially protected waters must be at least 10 inches above the

deepest load waterline unless the vessel complies with:

(1) The intact stability requirements of Secs. 170.170, 170.173,

171.050, 171.055, and 171.057 of this chapter;

(2) The Type II subdivision requirements in Secs. 171.070, 171.072,

and 171.073 of this chapter; and

(3) The damage stability requirements in Sec. 171.080 of this

chapter.

exposed or partially protected waters must be located as high above the

deepest load waterline as practicable.

(d) The cockpit must be self-bailing. Scuppers for the cockpit deck

of a cockpit vessel must:

(1) Be located to allow rapid clearing of water in all probable

conditions of list and trim;

(2) Have a combined drainage area of at least the area required by

Sec. 178.450; and

(3) If the deck is less than 10 inches above the deepest load

waterline of the vessel, be fitted with non-return valves.

Sec. 178.430 Drainage of well deck vessels.

(a) The weather deck on a well deck vessel must be watertight.

(b) The area required on a well deck vessel for drainage of the

well formed by the bulwarks must be determined as required by this

paragraph.

(1) If a vessel operates on exposed or partially protected waters,

it must have at least 100 percent of the drainage area required by

Sec. 178.450.

(2) If a vessel operates only on protected or partially protected

waters, it must have at least 50 percent of drainage area required by

Sec. 178.450 if the vessel meets the following requirements for a

vessel that operates on exposed waters:

(i) The intact stability requirements of Secs. 170.170, 170.173,

171.050, 171.055 and 171.057 of this chapter;

(ii) The Type II subdivision requirements of Secs. 171.070,

171.072, and 171.073 of this chapter; and

(iii) The damage stability requirements of Sec. 171.080 of this

chapter.

located to allow rapid clearing of water in all probable conditions of

list and trim.

(d) The deck of a well deck vessel that operates on exposed or

partially protected waters must be at least 10 inches above the deepest

load waterline unless the vessel complies with:

(1) The intact stability requirements of Secs. 170.170, 170.173,

171.050, 171.055, and 171.057 of this chapter;

(2) The Type II subdivision requirements in Secs. 171.070, 171.072,

and 171.073 of this chapter; and

(3) The damage stability requirements in Sec. 171.080 of this

chapter.

Sec. 178.440 Drainage of open boats.

The deck within the hull of an open boat must drain to the bilge.

Overboard drainage of the deck is not permitted.

Sec. 178.450 Calculation of drainage area for cockpit and well deck

vessels.

The drainage area required on a vessel must be computed using the

following formula:

Required drainage area in inch2=Volume Factor x Effective Deck

Area where:

Volume Factor=0.1 for all vessels operating on protected waters, or

=0.8b2/(b+f-K), but not less than 0.1, for all vessels

operating on exposed and partially protected waters, where:

b=average height in feet of the bulwark above the deck;

f=height of the freeboard above the deepest waterline in feet as

determined in accordance with Sec. 178.330(h); and K=3.0 feet for

vessels operating on exposed waters and 2.0 feet for vessels

operating on partially protected waters; and

Effective Deck Area=D-H

Where:

D=total deck area of the cockpit or well deck measured in

feet2, including the deck area of the superstructure; and

H=any area of weathertight superstructure within the cockpit or

well deck area which meets the requirements of Sec. 179.360 of this

subchapter, measured in feet2 which extends vertically at least

as high as the deck in which the cockpit is located or the top of

the bulwark which forms the well.

Subpart E--Special Installations

Sec. 178.510 Ballast.

(a) Any solid fixed ballast used to comply with the requirements of

parts 170, 171, 178, and 179 of this chapter must be:

(1) Stowed in a manner that prevents shifting of the ballast; and

(2) Installed to the satisfaction of the cognizant OCMI.

(b) Solid fixed ballast may not be located forward of the collision

bulkhead unless the installation and arrangement of the ballast and the

collision bulkhead minimizes the risk of the ballast penetrating the

bulkhead in a collision.

relocated unless approved by the cognizant OCMI except that ballast may

be temporarily moved for a vessel examination or repair if it is

replaced to the satisfaction of the OCMI.

(d) Water ballast, either as an active system or permanent, must be

approved by the Commanding Officer, Marine Safety Center.

PART 179--SUBDIVISION, DAMAGE STABILITY AND WATERTIGHT INTEGRITY

REQUIREMENT

Subpart A--General Provision

Sec.

179.115 Applicability to existing vessels.

Subpart B--Subdivision and Damage Stability Requirements

179.210 Collision bulkhead.

179.212 Watertight bulkheads for subdivision.

179.220 Location of watertight bulkheads for subdivision.

179.230 Damage stability requirements.

179.240 Foam flotation material.

Subpart C--Watertight Integrity Requirements

179.310 Collision bulkheads.

179.320 Watertight bulkheads.

179.330 Watertight doors.

179.340 Trunks.

179.350 Openings in the side of a vessel below the bulkhead or

weather deck.

179.360 Watertight integrity.

Authority: 43 U.S.C. 1333; 46 U.S.C. 2103, 3306, 3703; E.O.

12234, 45 FR 58801, 3 CFR, 1980 Comp., p.277; 49 CFR 1.46.

Subpart A--General Provisions

Sec. 179.115 Applicability to existing vessels.

An existing vessel must comply with the subdivision, damage

stability, and watertight integrity regulations which were applicable

to the vessel on [date of the day before the effective date of the

final rule] or, as an alternative, the vessel may comply with the

regulations in this part.

Subpart B--Subdivision and Damage Stability Requirements

Sec. 179.210 Collision bulkhead.

(a) A vessel of more than 65 feet in length must have a collision

bulkhead.

(b) A vessel of not more than 65 feet in length must have a

collision bulkhead if it:

(1) Carries more than 49 passengers;

(2) Operates on exposed waters; or

(3) Is of more than 40 feet in length and operates on partially

protected waters.

have a collision bulkhead at each end of the vessel.

Sec. 179.212 Watertight bulkheads for subdivision.

(a) A vessel of not more than 65 feet in length, carrying more than

49 passengers, must comply with Sec. 179.220, except that, if designed

to comply with the intact stability requirements of Secs. 170.170,

170.173, 171.050 and 171.055 of this chapter, the vessel must comply

with the Type II subdivision requirements of Secs. 171.070 through

171.073 of this chapter.

(b) A vessel of more than 65 feet in length must comply with the

Type II subdivision requirements of Secs. 171.070 through 171.073 of

this chapter.

international voyage must meet the Type II subdivision requirements of

Secs. 171.070 through 171.073 of this chapter.

Sec. 179.220 Location of watertight bulkheads for subdivision.

(a) The maximum distance between adjacent main transverse

watertight bulkheads on a vessel, required by Sec. 179.212(a) to comply

with this section, must not be more than the smaller of the following:

(1) One third of the length of the bulkhead deck; or

(2) The distance given by the following equation:

l=((F)(f)(L))/D

Where:

l=the maximum length of the bulkhead deck in feet between adjacent

main transverse watertight bulkheads;

f=the effective freeboard in feet calculated for each pair of

adjacent bulkheads in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section;

L=vessel length in feet;

F=the floodable length factor from Table 179.220.

D=the depth in feet, measured amidships at a point one-quarter of

the maximum beam out from the centerline, from the inside of the

bottom planking or plating to the level of the top of the bulkhead

deck at side as shown in Figure 179.220(a).

Table 179.220--Table of Floodable Length Factors

------------------------------------------------------------------------

(d/L) x 100 F

------------------------------------------------------------------------

0-15.......................................................... 0.33

20............................................................ 0.34

25............................................................ 0.36

30............................................................ 0.38

35............................................................ 0.43

40............................................................ 0.48

45............................................................ 0.54

50............................................................ 0.61

55............................................................ 0.63

60............................................................ 0.58

65............................................................ 0.53

70............................................................ 0.48

75............................................................ 0.44

80............................................................ 0.40

85............................................................ 0.37

90-100........................................................ 0.34

------------------------------------------------------------------------

(1) Where:

d=distance in feet from the midpoint of the compartment to the

forwardmost point on the bulkhead deck excluding sheer.

L=vessel length in feet measured over the bulkhead deck.

(2) Intermediate values of floodable length factor may be

obtained by interpolation.

BILLING CODE 4910-14-P

TP13JA94.006

BILLING CODE 4910-14-C

(b) The effective freeboard for each compartment is calculated by

the following equation: f=(a+b)/2

Where:

f=the effective freeboard in feet.

a=the freeboard in feet measured:

(1) At the forward main transverse watertight bulkhead; and

(2) From the deepest waterline to:

(i) The top of the bulkhead deck on a flush deck vessel; or

(ii) If a vessel has a stepped bulkhead deck, the line shown in

Figure 179.220(b); or

(iii) If a vessel has an opening port light below the bulkhead

deck, the line shown in Figure 179.220(c).

b=the freeboard in feet measured:

(1) At the aft main transverse watertight bulkhead; and

(2) From the deepest waterline to:

(i) The top of the bulkhead deck on a flush deck vessel; or

(ii) If a vessel has a stepped bulkhead deck, the line shown in

Figure 179.220(b)(1); or

(iii) If a vessel has an opening port light below the bulkhead

deck, the line shown in Figure 179.220(b)(2).

BILLING CODE 4910-14-P

Figure 179.220(b)(1)

TP13JA94.007

Figure 179.220 (b)(2)

TP13JA94.008

BILLING CODE 4910-14-C

Sec. 179.230 Damage stability requirements.

A vessel which, in accordance with Sec. 179.212(b), must meet the

requirements of Secs. 171.070 through 171.073 of this chapter for Type

II subdivision must meet the damage stability requirements of

Sec. 171.080 of this chapter.

Sec. 179.240 Foam flotation material.

(a) Foam may only be installed as flotation material on a vessel of

not more than 65 feet in length, when approved by the cognizant OCMI.

(b) If foam is installed as flotation material on a vessel, the

owner shall ensure that the following tests are conducted and

requirements are met, to the satisfaction of the cognizant OCMI:

(1) All foam must comply with MIL-P-21929B, including the

requirements for fire resistance;

(2) Foam may be installed only in void spaces that are free of

ignition sources, unless the foam complies with the requirements of 33

CFR 183.114;

(3) Foam may be installed adjacent to fuel tanks only if the

boundary between the tank and the space has doubled continuous fillet

welds;

(4) The structure enclosing the foam must be strong enough to

accommodate the buoyancy of the foam;

(5) Piping and cables must not pass through foamed spaces unless

they are within piping and cable ways accessible from both ends;

(6) Blocked foam must:

(i) Be used in each area that may be exposed to water; and

(ii) Have a protective cover, approved by the cognizant OCMI, to

protect it from damage;

(7) A water submergence test must be conducted on the foam for a

period of at least 7 days to demonstrate to the satisfaction of the

cognizant OCMI that the foam has adequate strength to withstand a

hydrostatic head equivalent to that which would be imposed if the

vessel were submerged to its bulkhead deck;

(8) The effective buoyancy of the foam must be determined at the

end of the submergence test required by paragraph (b)(7) of this

section. The effective buoyancy or 55 pounds per cubic foot, whichever

is less, must be used in determining the location of watertight

bulkheads for subdivision required by Sec. 179.212; and

(9) The owner or operator must obtain sample foam specimens during

installation of the foam and determine the density of the installed

foam.

Subpart C--Watertight Integrity Requirements

Sec. 179.310 Collision bulkheads.

(a) Each collision bulkhead required by Sec. 179.210, must be

constructed in accordance with Sec. 179.320, except that a collision

bulkhead:

(1) Must extend to the weather deck or to one deck above the

bulkhead deck, whichever is lower, for service on oceans or coastwise

routes, and

(2) Must not be fitted with any type of penetration or opening

except penetrations may be made if they are located as high and as far

inboard as practicable and they have a means to make them watertight.

(b) The forward collision bulkhead required to be on a vessel by

Sec. 179.210 must be:

(1) Located at least 5 percent but not more than 15 percent of the

LBP aft of the forward perpendicular, or for vessels with bulbous bows

extending forward of the forward perpendicular and contributing more

than 2 percent of the underwater volume of the vessel, located at least

5 percent but not more than 15 percent of the LBP aft of the mid-length

of such extension; and

(2) Installed in a single plane, with no recess or step, up to the

bulkhead deck;

than 65 feet in length must be:

(1) At least 5 percent but not more than 15 percent of the LBP

forward of the after perpendicular; and

(2) Installed in a single plane, with no recess or step, at least

up to the bulkhead deck.

Sec. 179.320 Watertight bulkheads.

(a) Each watertight bulkhead must be of sufficient strength to be

capable of remaining watertight with a head of water to the top of the

bulkhead.

(b) Each watertight bulkhead must extend to the bulkhead deck and

be installed in one plane without steps or recesses insofar as is

reasonable and practicable. Any steps or recesses permitted must comply

with the applicable subdivision requirements in this subchapter.

minimized. A penetration in a watertight bulkhead must be as high and

as far inboard in the bulkhead as practicable, and made watertight.

(d) Sluice valves are not permitted in watertight bulkheads.

Sec. 179.330 Watertight doors.

(a) Except as permitted in paragraph (b) of this section, hinged

watertight doors are not permitted in bulkheads required by

Secs. 179.210 or 179.212 unless the vessel will not proceed more than

20 nautical miles (37 kilometers) from shore and:

(1) The door separates a machinery space from an accommodation

space and, in the judgment of the cognizant OCMI, the door will be kept

closed except when a person is passing through the door; or

(2) The Commandant determines that, due to the arrangements of the

vessel, the door will be kept closed except when a person is passing

through the door.

(b) Watertight doors are permitted in any bulkhead, except the

collision bulkhead, on a vessel that operates only in the offshore oil

industry.

action closing device operable from both sides of the door and

indicator lights at the operating station showing whether the door is

open or closed.

(d) Sliding watertight doors must meet the requirements of part

170, subpart H of this chapter.

(e) No more than one watertight door may be fitted in a watertight

bulkhead, and it must be located as high and as far inboard as

practicable.

Sec. 179.340 Trunks.

Where a trunk, i.e., an enclosed passageway through a deck or

bulkhead, is installed, it must comply with the requirements of

Sec. 179.360(a)(1) and with the requirements of Sec. 171.113 of this

chapter.

Sec. 179.350 Openings in the side of a vessel below the bulkhead or

weather deck.

(a) On a vessel operating on exposed or partially protected waters,

an opening port light is not permitted below the weather deck unless

the sill of the port light is at least 30 inches above the deepest load

waterline.

(b) A port light must have an inside, hinged dead cover regardless

of whether the port light is or is not capable of being opened.

penetrates the hull below a line drawn parallel to and at least 6

inches above the deepest load waterline must have means to prevent

water from entering the vessel if the pipe fractures or otherwise

fails.

(d) A positive action valve or cock that is located as close as

possible to the hull is an acceptable means for complying with

paragraph (c) of this section.

(e) If an inlet or discharge pipe is inaccessible, the means for

complying with paragraph (c) of this section must be a shutoff valve

that is:

(1) Operable from the weather deck or any other accessible location

above the bulkhead deck; and

(2) Labeled at the operating point for identity and direction of

closing.

(f) Any connecting device or valve in a hull penetration must not

be cast iron.

(g) Each plug cock in an inlet or discharge pipe must have a means,

other than a cotter pin, to prevent its loosening or removal from the

body.

Sec. 179.360 Watertight integrity.

(a) A hatch exposed to the weather must be watertight, except that

the following hatches may be weathertight:

(1) A hatch on a watertight trunk that extends at least 12 inches

above the weather deck;

(2) A hatch in a cabin top; and

(3) A hatch on a vessel that operates only on protected waters.

(b) A hatch cover must: (1) Have securing devices; and

(2) Be attached to the hatch frame or coaming by hinges, captive

chains, or other devices of substantial strength to prevent its loss.

be operable from either side.

(d) A weathertight door must be provided for each opening located

in a deck house or companionway. Permanent watertight coamings must be

provided as follows:

(1) On a vessel on an exposed or partially protected route, a

watertight coaming with a height of at least 6 inches must be provided

under each weathertight door in a cockpit or a well, or on the main

deck of a flush deck vessel.

(2) On a vessel on a protected route, a watertight coaming with a

height of at least 3 inches must be provided under each weathertight

door in a cockpit or a well.

(3) The height of the watertight coaming for a hinged watertight

door need only be sufficient to accommodate the door.

PART 180--LIFESAVING EQUIPMENT AND ARRANGEMENTS

Subpart A--General Provisions

Sec.

180.10 Applicability to vessels on an international voyage.

180.15 Applicability to existing vessels.

180.25 Additional requirements.

Subpart B--Emergency Communications

180.64 Emergency Position Indicating Radiobeacons (EPIRB).

180.68 Distress flares and smoke signals.

Subpart C--Life Buoys and Lifejackets

180.70 Ring life buoys.

180.71 Lifejackets.

180.72 Personal flotation devices carried in addition to

lifejackets.

180.75 Lifejackets lights.

180.78 Stowage of lifejackets.

Subpart D--Survival Craft Arrangements and Equipment

180.130 Stowage of survival craft.

180.137 Stowage of life floats and buoyant apparatus.

180.150 Survival craft embarkation arrangements.

180.175 Survival craft equipment.

Subpart E--Number and Type of Survival Craft

180.200 Survival craft--general.

180.202 Survival craft--vessels operating on oceans routes.

180.204 Survival craft--vessels operating on coastwise routes.

180.206 Survival craft--vessels operating on Great Lakes routes.

180.207 Survival craft--vessels operating on lakes, bays, and

sounds routes.

180.208 Survival craft--vessels operating on rivers routes.

180.210 Rescue boats.

Authority: 46 U.S.C. 2104, 3306; E.O. 12234, 45 FR 58801, 3 CFR,

1980 Comp., p.277; 49 CFR 1.46.

Subpart A--General Provisions

Sec. 180.10 Applicability to vessels on an international voyage.

A vessel on an international voyage must meet the requirements in

subchapter H of this chapter for passenger vessels in the same service,

instead of the requirements of this part.

Sec. 180.15 Applicability to existing vessels.

An existing vessel must comply with the requirements of this part

except as otherwise specified by this section.

(a) Before [date 5 years after effective date] or 10 years after

the vessel's keel was laid or the vessel was at a similar stage of

construction, whichever is later, an existing vessel may comply with

the requirements in effect for the vessel prior to [effective date] for

the number and type of survival craft, stowage arrangements, and

launching appliances for survival craft.

(b) On or before [date 5 years after effective date] or 10 years

after the vessel's keel was laid or the vessel was at a similar stage

of construction, whichever is later, an existing vessel must:

(1) Be equipped with the number of survival craft required for its

route under Secs. 180.202, 180.204, 180.206, 180.207, or 180.208, as

applicable; and

(2) Comply with the stowage and launching appliance requirements

for survival craft in Secs. 180.130 through 180.150, inclusive.

be equipped with life floats of an aggregate capacity which will

accommodate the total number of persons permitted on board, in lieu of

meeting the requirements for the use of inflatable buoyant apparatus in

Secs. 180.202(c), 180.204(a)(1), and 180.206(a).

(1) The vessel is constructed of a material other than wood;

(2) The vessel is of not more than 65 feet in length and carries

not more than 49 passengers;

(3) The vessel is certificated to operate on oceans, coastwise, or

Great Lakes routes;

(4) The vessel must meet the standards for collision bulkheads in

Sec. 179.310 of this subchapter; and

(5) The vessel must meet the standards for one-compartment

subdivision in Secs. 179.220 and 179.320 of this subchapter, at least

in way of the engine room and lazarette.

(d) Each inflatable liferaft, inflatable buoyant apparatus, life

float, and buoyant apparatus on the vessel on [effective date], may be

used to meet the requirements of this part for these survival craft as

long as the survival craft is continued in use on the vessel, and is in

good and serviceable condition.

(e) When any lifesaving equipment on a vessel is replaced or a

vessel undergoes repairs, alterations, or modifications of a major

character involving replacement of, or any addition to, the existing

lifesaving equipment, each new piece of lifesaving equipment must meet

this part.

(f) A combination flare and smoke distress signal approved under

Sec. 160.023 of this chapter may be used on an existing vessel until

the expiration date of the distress signal but no later than [3 years

after effective date] as one of the distress signals required by

Sec. 180.68.

(g) Until January 1, 1996, a Coast Guard approved 121.5/243 MHz

Class A EPIRB may be used to meet the requirement for an EPIRB under

Sec. 180.64, if the EPIRB:

(1) Is operable;

(2) Is installed to automatically float-free and activate;

(3) Was manufactured on or after October 1, 1988; and

(4) Was installed on the vessel on or before [date 45 days after

effective date]

(h) Until January 1, 1995, an FCC Type Accepted VHF-FM Class C

EPIRB may be used to meet the requirement for an EPIRB on a vessel

operating on a Great Lakes route under Sec. 180.64, if the EPIRB:

(1) Is operable; and

(2) Was installed on the vessel on or before [date 45 days after

effective date].

(i) Until January 1, 1994, an existing vessel on a coastwise route

operating not more than 20 nautical miles from a harbor of safe refuge,

need not comply with Sec. 180.64.

(j) An existing vessel need not comply with Sec. 180.78(a)(4).

(k) An existing vessel must comply with Sec. 180.210 or may comply

with the regulations for rescue boats that were in effect for the

vessel prior to [effective date of regulations].

Sec. 180.25 Additional requirements.

(a) Each item of lifesaving equipment carried on board a vessel but

not required under this part, must be approved by the Commandant.

(b) The cognizant OCMI may require a vessel to carry specialized or

additional lifesaving equipment if:

(1) The OCMI determines the conditions of the voyage render the

requirements of this part inadequate; or

(2) The vessel is operated in Arctic, Antarctic, or other severe

conditions not covered under this part.

Subpart B--Emergency Communications

Sec. 180.64 Emergency Position Indicating Radiobeacons (EPIRB).

Each vessel which operates on the high seas, or which operates

beyond three miles from the coastline of the Great Lakes, must have on

board a Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Type Accepted Category

1, 406 MHz Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon (EPIRB),

installed to automatically float free and activate.

Sec. 180.68 Distress flares and smoke signals.

(a) Oceans, coastwise, and Great Lakes routes. A vessel on an

oceans, coastwise, or Great Lakes route must carry:

(1) Six hand red flare distress signals approved under subpart

160.021 of this chapter; and

(2) Six hand orange smoke distress signals approved under subpart

160.037 of this chapter.

(b) Lakes, bays, and sounds, and rivers routes. A vessel on a

lakes, bays, and sounds, or rivers route must carry:

(1) Three hand red flare distress signals approved under subpart

160.021 of this chapter; and

(2) Three hand orange smoke distress signals approved under subpart

160.037 of this chapter.

subpart 160.036 of this chapter may be substituted for any of the hand

red flare distress signals required under paragraph (a) or (b) of this

section.

(2) One of the following may be substituted for any of the hand

orange smoke distress signals required under paragraph (a) or (b) of

this section:

(i) A rocket parachute flare approved under subpart 160.036 of this

chapter.

(ii) A hand red flare distress signal approved under subpart

160.021 of this chapter.

(iii) A floating orange smoke distress signal approved under

subpart 160.022 of this chapter.

(d) Exemption for vessels on short runs. A vessel operating on

short runs limited to approximately 30 minutes away from the dock is

not required to carry distress flares and smoke signals under this

section.

(e) Stowage. Each flare carried to meet this section must be stowed

in one of the following:

(1) A portable watertight container complying with Sec. 160.021-6

of this chapter, carried at the operating station; or

(2) A pyrotechnic locker secured above the freeboard deck, away

from heat, in the vicinity of the operating station. An acceptable

pyrotechnic locker is described in ASTM F--[reserved for name of

standard under development by ASTM].

Subpart C--Life Buoys and Lifejackets

Sec. 180.70 Ring life buoys.

(a) A vessel must have one or more ring life buoys as follows:

(1) A vessel of not more than 26 feet in length must carry a

minimum of one life buoy of not less than 20 inches in diameter;

(2) A vessel of more than 26 feet in length, but not more than 65

feet, must carry a minimum of one life buoy of not less than 24 inches

in diameter; and

(3) A vessel of more than 65 feet in length must carry a minimum of

three life buoys of not less than 24 inches in diameter.

(b) Each ring life buoy on a vessel must:

(1) Be approved under subpart 160.050 of this chapter;

(2) Be readily accessible;

(3) Be stowed in a way that it can be rapidly cast loose;

(4) Not be permanently secured in any way; and

(5) If on a vessel on an oceans or coastwise route, be orange in

color.

more than one ring life buoy is carried, at least one must not have a

lifeline attached. Each lifeline on a ring life buoy must:

(1) Be buoyant;

(2) Be of at least 60 feet in length;

(3) Be non-kinking;

(4) Have a diameter of at least \5/16\ of an inch;

(5) Have a breaking strength of at least 1,124 pounds; and

(6) Be of a dark color if synthetic, or of a type certified to be

resistant to deterioration from ultraviolet light.

(d) A vessel must carry one floating waterlight, unless it is

limited to daytime operation, in which case no floating waterlight is

required.

(1) Each floating waterlight must be approved under subpart 161.010

of this chapter.

(2) Each ring life buoy with a floating waterlight must have a

lanyard of at least 3 feet in length, but not more than 6 feet,

securing the waterlight around the body of the ring life buoy.

(3) Each floating waterlight installed after [date one year after

effective date] on a vessel carrying only one ring life buoy, must be

attached to the lanyard with a corrosion-resistant clip. The clip must

have a strength of at least 50 pounds, and allow the waterlight to be

quickly disconnected from the ring life buoy.

Sec. 180.71 Lifejackets.

(a) An adult lifejacket must be provided for each person permitted

on board a vessel.

(b) In addition, a number of child size lifejackets equal to at

least 10% of the number of the persons permitted on board must be

provided, or such greater number as necessary to provide a lifejacket

for each person being carried that is smaller than the lower size limit

of the adult lifejackets provided to meet this section. However, child

size lifejackets are not required if the vessel's Certificate of

Inspection is endorsed for the carriage of adults only.

subpart 160.005, or subpart 160.055 of this chapter.

Sec. 180.72 Personal flotation devices carried in addition to

lifejackets.

(a) Equipment carried under this section is not acceptable in lieu

of any portion of the required number of approved lifejackets and must

not be substituted for the approved lifejackets required to be worn

during drills and emergencies.

(b) Wearable marine buoyant devices which include ``ski vests'',

``boating vests'', and ``fishing vests'', approved under subpart

160.064 of this chapter, may be carried as additional equipment.

chapter may be carried as additional equipment for use of persons

working near or over the water.

(d) Commercial hybrid personal flotation devices (PFD) approved

under subpart 160.077 of this chapter may be carried as additional

equipment for use of persons working near or over the water. Each

commercial hybrid PFD must be:

(1) Used, stowed, and maintained in accordance with the procedures

set out in the manual required for these devices under Sec. 160.077-29

of this chapter and any limitation(s) marked on them; and

(2) Of the same or similar design and have the same method of

operation as each other hybrid PFD carried on board.

Sec. 180.75 Lifejacket lights.

(a) Each lifejacket carried on a vessel on an oceans, coastwise, or

Great Lakes route, must have a lifejacket light approved under subpart

161.012 of this chapter. Each lifejacket light must be securely

attached to the front shoulder area of the lifejacket.

(b) Notwithstanding the requirements of paragraph (a) of this

section, lifejacket lights are not required for lifejackets on:

(1) Ferries; and

(2) Vessels with Certificates of Inspection endorsed only for

routes that do not extend more than 20 miles from a harbor of safe

refuge.

Sec. 180.78 Stowage of lifejackets.

(a) General. Unless otherwise stated in this section, lifejackets

must be stored in convenient places distributed throughout

accommodation spaces.

(1) Each stowage container for lifejackets must not be capable of

being locked. If practicable, the container must be designed to allow

the lifejackets to float free.

(2) Each lifejacket kept in a stowage container must be readily

available.

(3) Each lifejacket stowed overhead must be supported in a manner

which allows quick release for distribution.

(4) If lifejackets are stowed more than 7 feet above the deck, a

means for quick release must be provided and must be capable of

operation by a person standing on the deck.

(5) Each child size lifejacket must be stowed in a location which

is appropriately marked and separated from adult lifejackets so the

child size lifejackets are not mistaken for adult lifejackets.

(b) Additional personal flotation devices. The stowage locations of

the personal flotation devices carried in addition to lifejackets under

Sec. 180.72, must be separate from the lifejackets, and such as not to

be easily confused with that of the lifejackets.

Subpart D--Survival Craft Arrangements and Equipment

Sec. 180.130 Stowage of survival craft.

(a) Each survival craft must be:

(1) Secured to the vessel by a painter with a float-free link

permanently attached to the vessel except that a float-free link is not

required if the vessel operates only on waters not as deep as the

length of the painter;

(2) Stowed so that when the vessel sinks the survival craft floats

free and, if inflatable, inflates automatically;

(3) Stowed in a position which is readily accessible to crew

members for launching, or else provided with a remotely operated device

which releases the survival craft into launching position or into the

water;

(4) Stowed in a way that permits manual release from its securing

arrangements;

(5) Ready for immediate use so that two crew members can carry out

preparations for embarkation and launching in less than 5 minutes;

(6) Provided with means to prevent shifting;

(7) Stowed in a way that neither the survival craft nor its stowage

arrangements will interfere with the embarkation and operation of any

other survival craft at any other launching station;

(8) Stowed in a way that any protective covers will not interfere

with launching and embarkation.

(9) Fully equipped as required under this part; and

(10) Stowed, as far as practicable, in a position sheltered from

breaking seas and protected from damage by fire and explosion.

(b) A hydrostatic release unit used in a float-free arrangement

must be approved under subpart 160.062 of this chapter.

survival craft must be provided if:

(1) The survival craft weighs more than 200 pounds; and

(2) The survival craft requires lifting to be launched.

Sec. 180.137 Stowage of life floats and buoyant apparatus.

(a) In addition to meeting Sec. 180.130, each life float and

buoyant apparatus must be stowed as required under this section.

(b) The float-free link required by Sec. 180.130(a)(1) must be:

(1) Certified to meet subpart 160.073 of this chapter;

(2) Of proper strength for the size of the life float or buoyant

apparatus as indicated on its identification tag; and

(3) Secured to the painter at one end and to the vessel on the

other end.

must:

(1) Have a breaking strength of at least the breaking strength of

the painter;

(2) If synthetic, be of a dark color or of a type certified to be

resistant to deterioration from ultraviolet light; and

(3) If metal, be corrosion resistant.

(d) If the life float or buoyant apparatus does not have a painter

attachment fitting, a means for attaching the painter must be provided

by a wire or line which:

(1) Encircles the body of the device;

(2) Will not slip off;

(3) Has a breaking strength which is at least the strength of the

painter; and

(4) If synthetic, is of a dark color or is of a type certified to

be resistant to deterioration from ultraviolet light.

(e) If the vessel carries more than one life float or buoyant

apparatus in a group with each group secured by a single painter:

(1) The combined weight of each group of life floats and buoyant

apparatus must not exceed 400 pounds;

(2) Each group of life floats and buoyant apparatus is considered a

single survival craft for the purposes of Sec. 180.130(c);

(3) Each life float and buoyant apparatus must be individually

attached to the painter by a line meeting Secs. 180.175(e)(3)(ii),

(iii), and (iv) and long enough that each life float or buoyant

apparatus can float without contacting any other life float or buoyant

apparatus in the group; and

(4) The strength of the float-free link under paragraph (b)(2) of

this section and the strength of the painter under

Sec. 180.175(e)(3)(ii) must be determined by the combined capacity of

the group of life floats and buoyant apparatus.

(f) Life floats and buoyant apparatus must not be stowed in tiers

more than four feet high. When stowed in tiers, the separate units must

be kept apart by spacers.

Sec. 180.150 Survival craft embarkation arrangements.

(a) A launching appliance which complies with the installation and

arrangement requirements for launching appliances in subchapter H of

this chapter must be provided for each inflatable liferaft and

inflatable buoyant apparatus when either:

(1) The embarkation station for the survival craft is on a deck

more than 15 feet above the waterline; or

(2) The inflatable liferaft and inflatable buoyant apparatus is

boarded prior to being placed in the water.

(b) An embarkation ladder, approved under subpart 160.017 of this

chapter, must be at each embarkation station if the distance from the

deck on which an embarkation station is located to the vessel's

lightest operating waterline is more than 10 feet.

Sec. 180.175 Survival craft equipment.

(a) General. Each item of survival craft equipment must be of good

quality, and efficient for the purpose it is intended to serve. Unless

otherwise stated in this section, each item of equipment carried,

whether required under this section or not, must be secured by

lashings, stored in lockers, compartments, brackets, or have equivalent

mounting or storage arrangements which do not:

(1) Reduce survival craft capacity;

(2) Reduce space available to the occupants;

(3) Interfere with launching, recovery, or rescue operations; or

(4) Adversely affect seaworthiness of the survival craft.

(b) Inflatable liferafts. Each inflatable liferaft must have one of

the following equipment packs as shown by the markings on its

container:

(1) Limited Service;

(2) SOLAS B Pack;

(3) SOLAS A Pack; or

(4) Ocean Service.

pendants, two paddles, a painter, and a light.

(d) Buoyant apparatus. Each buoyant apparatus must be fitted with a

lifeline, pendants, a painter, and a light.

(e) Equipment specifications for life floats and buoyant apparatus.

The equipment required for lifefloats and buoyant apparatus must meet

the following specifications:

(1) Lifeline and pendants. The lifeline and pendants must be as

furnished by the manufacturer with the approved life float or buoyant

apparatus. Replacement lifelines and pendants must meet the

requirements in subpart 160.010 of this chapter.

(2) Paddle. Each paddle must be of at least 4 feet in length and

buoyant.

(3) Painter. The painter must:

(i) Be of at least 100 feet in length, but not less than 3 times

the distance between the deck where the life float or buoyant apparatus

it serves is stowed and the lowest load waterline of the vessel;

(ii) Have a breaking strength of at least 1500 pounds, except that

if the capacity of the life float or buoyant apparatus is 50 persons or

more, the breaking strength must be at least 3000 pounds;

(iii) Be of a dark color if synthetic, or of a type certified to be

resistant to deterioration from ultraviolet light; and

(iv) Be stowed in such a way that it runs out freely when the life

float or buoyant apparatus floats away from a sinking vessel.

(4) Light. The light must be a floating waterlight approved under

subpart 161.010 of this chapter. The floating waterlight must be

attached around the body of the life float or buoyant apparatus by a

12-thread manila, or equivalent, lanyard of at least 18 feet in length.

(f) Other survival craft. If survival craft other than inflatable

liferafts, life floats, inflatable buoyant apparatus, and buoyant

apparatus are carried on the vessel, such as lifeboats or rigid

liferafts, they must be installed, arranged, and equipped as required

under subchapter H (Passenger Vessels) of this chapter for passenger

vessels on the same route.

Subpart E--Number and Type of Survival Craft

Sec. 180.200 Survival craft--general.

(a) Each survival craft required on a vessel by this part must meet

one of the following:

(1) For an inflatable liferaft--subpart 160.051 of this chapter,

with the applicable equipment pack, as determined by the cognizant

OCMI. Each inflatable liferaft required on a vessel by this part must

have a capacity of 6 persons or more. Inflatable liferafts may be

substituted for inflatable buoyant apparatus or life floats required

under this section;

(2) For a life float--subpart 160.027 of this chapter. Buoyant

apparatus may be used to meet requirements for life floats if the

buoyant apparatus was installed on board the vessel on or before

[effective date of final rule], and if the buoyant apparatus remains in

good and serviceable condition;

(3) For an inflatable buoyant apparatus--subpart 160.010 of this

chapter. Inflatable buoyant apparatus may be substituted for life

floats required under this section.

(b) If the vessel carries a small boat or boats, the capacity of

these boats may be counted toward the buoyant apparatus or life float

capacity required by this part. Such boats must meet the requirements

for safe loading and flotation in 33 CFR part 183, and must meet the

stowage, launching, and equipment requirements in this part for the

survival craft they replace.

180.200(c). The citations identify the sections of this part which

contain the specific requirements.

TABLE 180.200(C)

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Route Survival craft requirements

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Oceans, more than 50 100% ILR--Sec. 180.202(a)

miles offshore.

Oceans, 20-50 miles (a) wood--100% IBA--Sec. 180.202(b)

offshore. (b) nonwood--same as Coastwise (a) & (b)--

Sec. 180.202(c)

Coastwise................ (a) cold water\1\

(i) w/subdivision--100% LF\2\--Sec.

180.204(a)(2)

(ii) existing nonwood vessels,

65', 49 passengers, w/collision

bkhd and simplified subdivision in way of

Eng. Rm. & lazarette--100% LF\2\--Sec.

180.15(c)

(iii) w/o subdivision--100% IBA--Sec.

180.204(a)(1)

(iv) within one mile of shore

(A) w/subdivision--50% LF\2\--Sec.

180.204(c)(2)

(B) w/o subdivision--100% LF\2\--Sec.

180.204(c)(1)

(b) warm water\3\

(i) 100% LF\2\--Sec. 180.204(b)

(ii) within one mile of shore--NONE--Sec.

180.204(d)

Great Lakes.............. (a) same as Coastwise (a) & (b)--Sec.

180.206(a)

(b) within one mile of shore--NONE--Sec.

180.206(b)

Lakes, Bays, & Sounds.... (a) cold water\4\

(i) w/subdivision--50% LF\2\--Sec.

180.207(a)(2)

(ii) w/o subdivision--100% LF\2\--Sec.

180.207(a)(1)

(iii) within 1 mile of shore--NONE--Sec.

180.207(c)

(b) warm water--NONE--Sec. 180.207(b)

Rivers................... (a) cold water\5\

(i) w/subdivision--NONE--Sec. 180.208(a)(2)

(ii) w/o subdivision--50% LF\2\--Sec.

180.208(a)(1)

(iii) within one mile of shore--NONE--Sec.

180.208(c)

(b) warm water--NONE--Sec. 180.208(b)

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Abbreviations used:

ILR = inflatable liferaft.

IBA = inflatable Buoyant Apparatus.

LF = Life Float.

\1\Cold water means the cognizant OCMI has determined the prevailing

temperature of the water is 15 deg.C (59 deg.F).

\2\Any buoyant apparatus in use on an existing vessel on [insert

effective date of the final rule] may be used to meet the requirements

for LF as long as the buoyant apparatus is in good and serviceable

condition--Sec. 180.15(d).

\3\Warm water means the cognizant OCMI has determined the prevailing

temperature of the water is > 15 deg.C (59 deg.F).

\4\Shallow water exception--Sec. 180.207(d).

\5\Shallow water exception--Sec. 180.208(d).

Sec. 180.202 Survival craft--vessels operating on oceans routes.

(a) Each vessel certificated to operate on an oceans route more

than 50 nautical miles offshore must be provided with inflatable

liferafts of an aggregate capacity which will accommodate at least the

total number of persons permitted on board.

(b) Each vessel constructed of wood and certificated to operate on

an oceans route not more than 50 nautical miles offshore must be

provided with inflatable buoyant apparatus of an aggregate capacity

which will accommodate at least the total number of persons permitted

on board.

certificated to operate on an oceans route not more than 50 nautical

miles offshore must be provided with the survival craft required by

Secs. 180.204 (a) or (b), as applicable.

Sec. 180.204 Survival craft--vessels operating on coastwise routes.

(a) Except as allowed by paragraph (c) of this section, each vessel

certificated to operate on a coastwise route in an area and time of

year where the prevailing water temperature, as determined by the

cognizant OCMI, is 15 deg.C (59 deg.F) or less must either:

(1) Be provided with inflatable buoyant apparatus of an aggregate

capacity which will accommodate at least the total number of persons

permitted on board; or

(2) Meet either the standards for collision bulkheads in

Secs. 179.310 or 171.085 of this chapter and the standards for

subdivision in Secs. 179.220 and 179.320 of this subchapter or the

standards for subdivision and damaged stability in Secs. 171.070

through 171.073 and 171.080 of this chapter, as appropriate, and be

provided with life floats of an aggregate capacity which will

accommodate at least the total number of persons permitted on board.

(b) Except as allowed by paragraph (d) of this section, each vessel

certificated to operate on a coastwise route in an area and time of

year where the prevailing water temperature, as determined by the

cognizant OCMI, is above 15 deg.C (59 deg.F) must be provided with life

floats of an aggregate capacity which will accommodate at least the

total number of persons permitted on board.

one mile of land in an area and time of year where the prevailing water

temperature, as determined by the cognizant OCMI, is 15 deg.C

(59 deg.F) or less must either:

(1) Be provided with life floats of an aggregate capacity which

will accommodate at least the total number of persons permitted on

board; or

(2) Meet either the standards for collision bulkheads in

Secs. 179.310 or 171.085 of this chapter and the standards for

subdivision in Secs. 179.220 and 179.320 of this subchapter or the

standards for subdivision and damaged stability in Secs. 171.070

through 171.073 and 171.080 of this chapter, as appropriate, and be

provided with life floats of an aggregate capacity which will

accommodate at least 50% of the total number of persons permitted on

board.

(d) Each vessel certificated to operate on a coastwise route within

one mile of land in an area and time of year where the prevailing water

temperature, as determined by the cognizant OCMI, is above 15 deg.C

(59 deg.F) is not required to carry survival craft.

Sec. 180.206 Survival craft--vessels operating on Great Lakes routes.

(a) Except as allowed by paragraph (b) of this section, each vessel

certificated to operate on a Great Lakes route must be provided with

the survival craft required by Secs. 180.204 (a) or (b), as

appropriate.

(b) Each vessel certificated to operate on a Great Lakes route

within one mile of land is not required to carry survival craft.

Sec. 180.207 Survival craft--vessels operating on lakes, bays, and

sounds routes.

(a) Except as allowed by paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section,

each vessel certificated to operate on a lakes, bays and sounds route

in an area and time of year where the prevailing water temperature, as

determined by the cognizant OCMI, is 15 deg.C (59 deg.F) or less must

either:

(1) Be provided with life floats of an aggregate capacity which

will accommodate at least the total number of persons permitted on

board; or

(2) Meet either the standards for collision bulkheads in

Secs. 179.310 or 171.085 of this chapter and the standards for

subdivision in Secs. 179.220 and 179.320 of this subchapter or the

standards for subdivision and damaged stability in Secs. 171.070

through 171.073 and 171.080 of this chapter, as appropriate, and be

provided with life floats of an aggregate capacity which will

accommodate at least 50% of the total number of persons permitted on

board.

(b) A vessel certificated to operate on a lakes, bays and sounds

route in an area and time of year where the prevailing water

temperature, as determined by the cognizant OCMI, is above 15 deg.C

(59 deg.F) is not required to carry survival craft.

route within one mile of land is not required to carry survival craft.

(d) For a vessel certificated to operate on a lakes, bays and

sounds route in shallow water where the vessel cannot sink deep enough

to submerge the topmost passenger deck or where survivors can wade

ashore, the cognizant OCMI may waive a requirement for life floats, if

the OCMI determines that it is safe to do so, taking into consideration

the vessel's scope of operation, hazards of the route, and availability

of assistance.

Sec. 180.208 Survival craft--vessels operating on rivers routes.

(a) Except as allowed by paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section,

each vessel certificated to operate on a rivers route in an area and

time of year where the prevailing water temperature, as determined by

the cognizant OCMI, is 15 deg.C (59 deg.F) or less is either:

(1) Be provided with life floats of an aggregate capacity which

will accommodate at least 50% of the total number of persons permitted

on board; or

(2) Meet either the standards for collision bulkheads in

Secs. 179.310 or 171.085 of this chapter and the standards for

subdivision in Secs. 179.220 and 179.320 of this subchapter or the

standards for subdivision and damaged stability in Secs. 171.070

through 171.073 and 171.080 of this chapter, as appropriate, and not be

required to carry survival craft.

(b) A vessel certificated to operate on a rivers route in an area

and time of year where the prevailing water temperature, as determined

by the cognizant OCMI, is above 15 deg.C (59 deg.F) is not required to

carry survival craft.

mile of land is not required to carry survival craft.

(d) For a vessel certificated to operate on a rivers route in

shallow water where the vessel cannot sink deep enough to submerge the

topmost passenger deck or where survivors can wade ashore, the

cognizant OCMI may waive a requirement for life floats, if the OCMI

determines that it is safe to do so, taking into consideration the

vessel's scope of operation, hazards of the route, and availability of

assistance.

Sec. 180.210 Rescue boats.

(a) A vessel of more than 65 feet in length must carry at least one

rescue boat unless the cognizant OCMI determines that:

(1) The vessel is sufficiently maneuverable, arranged, and equipped

to allow the crew to recover a helpless person from the water;

(2) Recovery of a helpless person can be observed from the

operating station; and

(3) The vessel does not regularly engage in operations that

restrict its maneuverability.

(b) A vessel of not more than 65 feet in length is not required to

carry a rescue boat unless:

(1) The vessel carries passengers on an open or partially enclosed

deck; and

(2) The cognizant OCMI determines that the vessel is designed,

arranged, or involved in operations so that the vessel itself cannot

serve as an adequate rescue craft.

boat and its installation must meet the requirements in subchapter H

(Passenger Vessels) of this chapter for a rescue boat on a passenger

vessel having the same route. On a vessel of not more than 65 feet in

length, a required rescue boat must be acceptable to the cognizant

OCMI.

PART 181--FIRE PROTECTION EQUIPMENT

Subpart A--General Provisions

Sec.

181.115 Applicability to existing vessels.

181.120 Equipment installed but not required.

Subpart B--Reserved

Subpart C--Fire Main System

181.300 Fire pumps.

181.310 Fire main and hydrants.

181.320 Fire hoses and nozzles.

Subpart D--Fixed Fire Extinguishing and Detecting Systems

181.400 Where required.

181.410 Fixed gas fire extinguishing systems.

181.420 Pre-engineered fixed gas fire extinguishing systems.

181.425 Galley hood fire extinguishing systems.

181.450 Independent modular smoke detecting units.

Subpart E--Portable Fire Extinguishers

181.500 Required number, type, and location.

181.520 Installation and location.

Subpart F--Additional Equipment

181.600 Fire axe.

181.610 Fire bucket.

Authority: 46 U.S.C. 3306; E.O. 12234, 45 FR 58801, 3 CFR, 1980

Comp., p. 277; 49 CFR 1.46.

Subpart A--General Provisions

Sec. 181.115 Applicability to existing vessels.

(a) Except as otherwise required by paragraphs (b), (c), and (d) of

this section, an existing vessel must comply with the fire protection

equipment regulations applicable to the vessel on [date of day before

effective date of regulations] or, as an alternative, the vessel may

comply with the regulations in this part.

(b) An existing vessel with a hull, or a machinery space boundary

bulkhead or deck, composed of wood or fiber reinforced plastic, or

sheathed on the interior in fiber reinforced plastic, must comply with

the requirements of Sec. 181.400 on or before [date 3 years after

effective date of regulations].

vessel, which are completed to the satisfaction of the cognizant OCMI

on or after] effective date of regulations], must comply with the

regulations of this part. Replacement of existing equipment installed

on the vessel prior to [effective date of regulations need not comply

with the regulations] in this part.

Sec. 181.120 Equipment installed but not required.

Fire extinguishing and detecting equipment installed on a vessel in

excess of the requirements of Secs. 181.400 and 181.500 must be

designed, constructed, installed and maintained in accordance with a

recognized industry standard acceptable to the Commandant.

Subpart B--Reserved

Subpart C--Fire Main System

Sec. 181.300 Fire pumps.

(a) A self priming, power driven fire pump must be installed on

each vessel:

(1) Of not more than 65 feet in length which is a ferry vessel;

(2) Of not more than 65 feet in length which carries more than 49

passengers; or

(3) Of more than 65 feet in length.

(b) On a vessel of not more than 65 feet in length carrying more

than 49 passengers, and on a vessel of more than 65 feet in length, the

minimum capacity of the fire pump must be 50 gallons per minute at a

pressure of not less than 60 pounds per square inch at the pump outlet.

The pump outlet must be fitted with a pressure gauge.

not more than 49 passengers, the minimum capacity of the fire pump must

be 10 gallons per minute. The fire pump must be capable of projecting a

hose stream from the highest hydrant, through the hose and nozzle

required by Sec. 181.320, a distance of 25 feet.

(d) A fire pump may be driven by a propulsion engine. A fire pump

must be permanently connected to the fire main and may be connected to

the bilge system to meet the requirements of Sec. 182.520 of this

subchapter.

(e) A fire pump must be capable of both remote operation from the

operating station and local, manual operation at the pump.

Sec. 181.310 Fire main and hydrants.

(a) A vessel which has a power driven fire pump must have a

sufficient number of fire hydrants to reach any part of the vessel

using a single length of fire hose.

(b) Piping, valves, and fittings in a fire main system must comply

with part 182, subpart G of this subchapter.

Sec. 181.320 Fire hoses and nozzles.

(a) A fire hose with a nozzle must be attached to each fire hydrant

at all times. For fire stations located on open decks or cargo decks,

where no protection is provided, hoses may be temporarily removed

during heavy weather or cargo handling operations, respectively. Hoses

so removed must be stored in nearby accessible locations.

(b) On a vessel of not more than 65 feet in length carrying more

than 49 passengers, and on a vessel of more than 65 feet in length,

each hose must:

(1) Be lined commercial fire hose that conforms to UL 19 or hose

that is listed and labeled by an independent laboratory recognized by

the Commandant as being equivalent in performance;

(2) Be 50 feet in length and 1\1/2\ inches in diameter; and

(3) Have fittings of brass or other suitable corrosion-resistant

material which comply with NFPA 1963.

carrying not more than 49 passengers must:

(1) Comply with paragraphs (b)(1) and (b)(3) of this section or be

garden type hose of not less than \5/8\ inch nominal inside diameter;

(2) Be of one piece not less than 25 feet and not more than 50 feet

in length; and

(3) If of the garden type, be of a good commercial grade

constructed of an inner rubber tube, plies of braided fabric

reinforcement, and an outer cover of rubber or equivalent material, and

of sufficient strength to withstand the maximum pressure which can be

produced by the fire pump. All fittings on the hose must be of suitable

corrosion-resistant material.

(d) Each nozzle must be of corrosion-resistant material and be

capable of being changed between a solid stream and a spray pattern. A

nozzle on a vessel of not more than 65 feet in length carrying more

than 49 passengers, and on a vessel of more than 65 feet in length,

must be of an approved type.

Subpart D--Fixed Fire Extinguishing and Detecting Systems

Sec. 181.400 Where required.

(a) The following spaces must be equipped with a Halon or carbon

dioxide fixed gas fire extinguishing system, in compliance with

Sec. 181.410, except as otherwise allowed by paragraph (b) of this

section:

(1) A space containing propulsion machinery;

(2) A space containing an internal combustion engine of more than

50 hp;

(3) A space containing an oil fired boiler;

(4) A space containing machinery powered by gasoline or other fuels

having a flash point of 110 deg.F or lower;

(5) A space containing a fuel tank for gasoline or any other fuel

having a flash point of 110 deg.F or lower;

(6) A space containing combustible cargo or ship's stores

inaccessible during the voyage (in these types of spaces only carbon

dioxide, and not Halon, systems will be allowed);

(7) A paint locker; and

(8) A storeroom containing flammable liquids (including liquors of

80 proof or higher).

(b) Alternative system types and exceptions to the requirements of

paragraph (a) of this section are:

(1) A fixed gas fire extinguishing system, which is capable of

automatic discharge upon heat detection, may only be installed in a

normally unoccupied space with a gross volume of not more than 6000

cubic feet;

(2) A pre-engineered fixed gas fire extinguishing system must be in

compliance with Sec. 181.420 and may only be installed in a normally

unoccupied machinery space, a paint locker, or a storeroom containing

flammable liquids (including liquors of 80 proof or higher), with a

gross volume of not more than 2000 cubic feet;

(3) A B-II portable fire extinguisher installed outside the space

may be substituted for a fixed gas fire extinguishing system in a

storeroom containing flammable liquids (including liquors of 80 proof

or higher) or a paint locker, with a volume of not more that 200 cubic

feet; and

(4) A space which is so open to the atmosphere that a fixed gas

fire extinguishing system would be ineffective, as determined by the

cognizant OCMI, is not required to have a fixed gas fire extinguishing

system.

system of an approved type which is installed in accordance with

Sec. 76.27 of this chapter, except when a fixed gas fire extinguishing

system which is capable of automatic discharge upon heat detection is

installed or when the space is manned:

(1) A space containing propulsion machinery;

(2) A space containing an internal combustion engine of more than

50 hp;

(3) A space containing an oil fired boiler;

(4) A space containing machinery powered by gasoline or any other

fuels having a flash point of 110 deg.F or lower; and

(5) A space containing a fuel tank for gasoline or any other fuel

having a flash point of 110 deg.F or lower.

(d) All grills, broilers, and deep fat fryers must be fitted with a

grease extraction hood in compliance with Sec. 181.425.

(e) Each overnight accommodation space on a vessel with overnight

accommodations for passengers must be fitted with an independent

modular smoke detecting and alarm unit in compliance with Sec. 181.450.

(f) An enclosed vehicle space must be fitted with an automatic

sprinkler system which meets the requirements of Sec. 76.25 of this

chapter; and

(1) A smoke actuated fire detecting system of an approved type

which is installed in accordance with Sec. 76.27 of this chapter; or

(2) A smoke detecting system of an approved type which is installed

in accordance with Sec. 76.33 of this chapter.

(g) A partially enclosed vehicle space must be fitted with a manual

sprinkler system which meets the requirements of Sec. 76.23 of this

chapter.

Sec. 181.410 Fixed gas fire extinguishing systems.

(a) General.

(1) A fixed gas fire extinguishing system aboard a vessel must be

approved by the Commandant, and be custom engineered to meet the

requirements of this section unless the system meets the requirements

of Sec. 181.420.

(2) System components must be listed and labeled by an independent

laboratory. A component from a different system, even if from the same

manufacturer, must not be used unless included in the approval of the

installed system.

(3) System design and installation must be in accordance with the

Marine Design, Installation, Operation, and Maintenance Manual approved

for the system by the Commandant.

(4) A fixed gas fire extinguishing system may protect more than one

space. The quantity of extinguishing agent must be at least sufficient

for the space requiring the greatest quantity as determined by the

requirements of paragraphs (f)(4) and (g)(2) of this section.

(b) Controls.

(1) Controls and valves for operation of a fixed gas fire

extinguishing system must be:

(i) Located outside the space protected by the system; and

(ii) Not located in a space that might be inaccessible in the event

of fire in the space protected by the system.

(2) Except as provided in paragraph (c)(2) of this section, release

of an extinguishing agent into a space must require two distinct

operations.

(3) A system must have local manual controls at the storage

cylinders capable of releasing the extinguishing agent. In addition, a

normally manned space must have remote controls for releasing the

extinguishing agent at the primary exit from the space.

(4) Remote controls must be located in a breakglass enclosure to

preclude accidental discharge.

(5) Valves and controls must be of an approved type and protected

from damage or accidental activation. A pull cable used to activate the

system controls must be enclosed in conduit.

(6) A system protecting more than one space must have a manifold

with a normally closed stop valve for each space protected.

(7) A gas actuated valve or device must be capable of manual

override at the valve or device.

(8) A system, which has more than one storage cylinder for the

extinguishing agent and which relies on pilot cylinders to activate the

primary storage cylinders, must have at least two pilot cylinders.

Local manual controls, in compliance with paragraph (b)(3) of this

section, must be provided to operate the pilot cylinders but are not

required for the primary storage cylinders.

(9) A system protecting a manned space must be fitted with an

approved time delay and alarm arranged to require the alarm to sound

for at least 20 seconds or the time necessary to escape from the space,

whichever is greater, before the agent is released into the space.

Alarms must be conspicuously and centrally located. The alarm must be

(10) A device must be provided to automatically shut down power

ventilation serving the protected space and engines which draw intake

air from the protected space prior to release of the extinguishing

agent into the space.

(11) Controls and storage cylinders must not be in a locked space

unless the key is in a breakglass type box conspicuously located

adjacent to the space.

(1) Except as provided in paragraph (c)(2) of this section, a

storage cylinder for a fixed gas extinguishing system must be:

(i) Located outside the space protected by the system; and

(ii) Not located in a space that might be inaccessible in the event

of a fire in the space protected by the system.

(2) A normally unoccupied space of less than 6000 cubic feet may

have the storage cylinders located within the space protected. When the

storage cylinders are located in the space:

(i) The system must be capable of automatic operation by a heat

actuator within the space; and

(ii) Have manual controls in compliance with paragraph (b) of this

section except for paragraphs (b)(2) and (b)(3).

(3) A space containing a storage cylinder must be maintained at a

temperature within the range from -20 deg.F (-30 deg.C) to 130 deg.F

(55 deg.C) or at another temperature as listed by the independent

laboratory and stated in the manufacturer's approved manual.

(4) A storage cylinder must be securely fastened, supported, and

protected against damage.

(5) A storage cylinder must be accessible and capable of easy

removal for recharging and inspection. Provisions must be available for

weighing each storage cylinder in place.

(6) Where subject to moisture, a storage cylinder must be installed

to provide a space of at least 2 inches between the deck and the bottom

of the storage cylinder.

(7) A Halon 1301 storage cylinder must be stowed in an upright

position unless otherwise listed by the independent laboratory. A

carbon dioxide cylinder may be inclined not more than 30 deg. from the

vertical, unless fitted with flexible or bent siphon tubes, in which

case they may be inclined not more than 80 deg. from the vertical.

(8) Where a check valve is not fitted on an independent storage

cylinder discharge, a plug or cap must be provided for closing the

outlet resulting from storage cylinder removal.

(9) Each storage cylinder must meet the requirements of Sec. 147.60

of this chapter.

(10) A storage cylinder space must have doors which open outwards

or be fitted with kickout panels installed in each door.

(d) Piping.

(1) A pipe, valve, or fitting of ferrous material must be protected

inside and outside against corrosion unless otherwise approved by the

Commandant. Aluminum or other low melting material must not be used for

a component of a fixed gas fire extinguishing system except as

specifically approved by the Commandant.

(2) A distribution line must extend at least 2 inches beyond the

last orifice and be closed with a cap or plug.

(3) Piping, valves, and fittings must be securely supported, and

where necessary, protected against damage.

(4) Drains and dirt traps must be fitted where necessary to prevent

the accumulation of dirt or moisture and located in accessible

locations.

(5) Piping must be used for no other purpose except that it may be

incorporated with the fire detecting system.

(6) Piping passing through accommodation spaces must not be fitted

with drains or other openings within such spaces.

(7) Installation test requirements for carbon dioxide systems. The

distribution piping of a carbon dioxide fixed gas extinguishing system

must be tested as required by this paragraph, upon completion of the

piping installation, using only carbon dioxide, compressed air, or

nitrogen gas.

(i) Piping between a storage cylinder and a stop valve in the

manifold must be subjected to a pressure of 1,000 psi, except as

permitted in paragraph (d)(7)(iii) of this section. Without additional

gas being introduced to the system, the pressure drop must not exceed

300 psi after two minutes.

(ii) A distribution line to a space protected by the system must be

subjected to a test similar to that described in paragraph (d)(7)(i) of

this section except the pressure used must be 600 psi. For the purpose

of this test, the distribution piping must be capped within the space

protected at the first joint between the nozzles and the storage

cylinders.

(iii) A small independent system protecting a space such as a paint

locker may be tested by blowing out the piping with air at a pressure

of not less than 100 psi instead of the tests prescribed in the

paragraphs (d)(7)(i) and (d)(7)(ii) of this section.

(8) Installation test requirements for Halon 1301 systems. The

distribution piping of a Halon 1301 fixed gas extinguishing system must

be tested, as required by this paragraph (d), upon completion of the

piping installation, using only carbon dioxide, compressed air, or

nitrogen.

(i) When pressurizing the piping, pressure must be increased in

small increments. Each joint must be subjected to a soap bubble leak

test, and all joints must be leak free.

(ii) Piping between the storage cylinders and the manifold stop

valve must be subjected to a leak test conducted at the maximum

allowable working pressure at 130 deg.F (55 deg.C). Without

additional gas being added to the system, there must be no loss of

pressure over a two minute period after thermal equilibrium is reached.

(iii) Distribution piping between the manifold stop valve and the

first nozzle in the system must be capped and pneumatically tested for

a period of 10 minutes at 150 psig. At the end of 10 minutes, the

pressure drop must not exceed 10% of the test pressure.

(e) Pressure relief. When required by the cognizant OCMI, spaces

which are protected by a fixed gas fire extinguishing system and which

are relatively air tight, such as refrigeration spaces, paint lockers,

etc., must be provided with suitable means for relieving excessive

pressure within the space when the agent is released.

(f) Specific requirements for carbon dioxide systems. A custom

engineered fixed gas fire extinguishing system, which uses carbon

dioxide as the extinguishing agent, must meet the requirements of this

paragraph.

(1) Piping, valves, and fittings must have a bursting pressure of

not less than 6,000 psi. Piping, in nominal sizes of not more than \3/

4\ inch, must be at least Schedule 40 (standard weight), and in nominal

sizes of over \3/4\ inch, must be at least Schedule 80 (extra heavy).

(2) A pressure relief valve or equivalent set to relieve at between

2,400 and 2,800 psi must be installed in the distribution manifold to

protect the piping from overpressurization.

(3) Nozzles must be approved by the Commandant.

(4) When installed in a machinery space, paint locker, a space

containing flammable liquid stores, or a space with a fuel tank, a

fixed carbon dioxide system must meet the following requirements.

(i) The quantity of carbon dioxide (in pounds) that the system must

be capable of providing to a space must not be less than the gross

volume of the space divided by the appropriate factor given in Table

181.410(f)(4)(i). If fuel can drain from a space being protected to an

adjacent space or if the spaces are not entirely separate, the volume

of both spaces must be used to determine the quantity of carbon dioxide

to be provided. The carbon dioxide must be arranged to discharge into

both such spaces simultaneously.

Table 181.410(f)(4)(i)

[Gross volume of space in cubic feet]

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Factor Over Not over

------------------------------------------------------------------------

15.............................................. .......... 500

16.............................................. 500 1,600

18.............................................. 1,600 4,500

20.............................................. 4,500 50,000

22.............................................. 50,000 ..........

------------------------------------------------------------------------

(ii) The minimum size of a branch line to a space must be as noted

in Table 181.410(f)(4)(ii).

Table 181(f)(4)(ii)

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Maximum

Minimum quantity Minimum

nominal of nominal

Maximum quantity of carbon dioxide pipe carbon pipe

required (pounds) size dioxide size

(inches) required (inches)

(pounds)

------------------------------------------------------------------------

100....................................... \1/2\ 2,500 2.5

225....................................... \3/4\ 4,450 3

300....................................... 1 7,100 3.5

600....................................... 1.25 10,450 4

1,000..................................... 1.5 15,500 4.5

2,450..................................... 2 ........ ........

------------------------------------------------------------------------

(iii) Distribution piping within a space must be proportioned from

the distribution line to give proper supply to the outlets without

throttling.

(iv) The number, type, and location of discharge outlets must

provide uniform distribution of carbon dioxide throughout a space.

(v) The area of each discharge outlet must not exceed 85 percent

nor be less than 35 percent of the nominal cylinder outlet area or the

area of the supply pipe, whichever is smaller. The nominal cylinder

outlet area (in square inches) is determined by multiplying the factor

0.0022 by the total capacity (in pounds) of all carbon dioxide

cylinders in the system, except in no case must the outlet area be of

less than 0.110 square inch.

(vi) The discharge of at least 85 percent of the required amount of

carbon dioxide must be completed within two minutes.

(5) When installed in an enclosed ventilation system for rotating

electrical propulsion equipment a fixed carbon dioxide system must meet

the following requirements.

(i) The quantity of carbon dioxide (in pounds) must be sufficient

for initial and delayed discharges as required by this paragraph. The

initial discharge must be equal to the gross volume of the system

divided by 10 for ventilation systems having a volume of less than

2,000 cubic feet, or divided by 12 for ventilation systems having a

volume of at least 2,000 cubic feet. In addition, there must be

sufficient carbon dioxide available to permit delayed discharges to

maintain at least a 25 percent concentration until the equipment can be

stopped. If the initial discharge achieves this concentration until the

equipment is stopped, a delayed discharge is not required.

(ii) The piping sizes for the initial discharge must be in

accordance with Table 181.410(f)(4)(ii) and the discharge of the

required amount must be completed within two minutes.

(iii) Piping for the delayed discharge must not be less than \1/2\

inch nominal pipe size, may be incorporated with the initial discharge

piping, and need not meet specific requirement for discharge rate.

(6) When installed in a cargo space a fixed carbon dioxide system

must meet the following requirements.

(i) The number of pounds of carbon dioxide required for each space

in cubic feet must be equal to the gross volume of the space in cubic

feet divided by 30;

(ii) System piping must be of at least \3/4\ inch.

(iii) No specific discharge rate is required.

(g) Specific requirements for Halon 1301 systems.

(1) A custom engineered fixed gas fire extinguishing system, which

uses Halon 1301, must comply with the applicable sections of UL

Standard 1058 and the requirements of this paragraph (g).

(2) The Halon 1301 quantity and discharge requirements of UL 1058

apply, with the exception that the Halon 1301 design concentration must

be 6 percent at the lowest ambient temperature expected in the space.

If the lowest temperature is not known, a temperature of 0 deg.F must

be assumed.

(3) Each storage cylinder in a system must have the same pressure

and volume.

(4) Computer programs used in designing systems must have been

approved by an independent laboratory.

Sec. 181.420 Pre-engineered fixed gas fire extinguishing systems.

(a) A pre-engineered fixed gas fire extinguishing system must:

(1) Be approved by the Commandant;

(2) Be capable of manual actuation from outside the space in

addition to automatic actuation by a heat detector; and

(3) Automatically shut down all power ventilation systems and all

engines that draw intake air from within the protected space.

(b) A vessel on which a pre-engineered fixed gas system is

installed must have the following equipment at the operating station:

(1) A light to indicate discharge;

(2) An audible alarm which sounds upon discharge; and

(3) A means to reset devices used to automatically shut down

ventilation systems and engines as required by paragraph (a)(3) of this

section.

installed in each space protected by such a system.

Sec. 181.425 Galley hood fire extinguishing systems.

(a) A grease extraction hood required by Sec. 181.400 must meet UL

710.

(b) A grease extraction hood must be equipped with a dry or wet

chemical fire extinguishing system meeting the applicable sections of

NFPA 17 or 17A, and must be listed by an independent laboratory

recognized by the Commandant.

Sec. 181.450 Independent modular smoke detecting units.

An independent modular smoke detecting unit must:

(a) Meet UL Standard 217 and be listed as a ``Single Station Smoke

Detector--Also suitable for use in Recreational Vehicles'';

(b) Contain an independent power source; and

Subpart E--Portable Fire Extinguishers

Sec. 181.500 Required number, type, and location.

(a) Each portable fire extinguisher on a vessel must be of an

approved type. The minimum number of portable fire extinguishers

required on a vessel must be acceptable to the cognizant OCMI, but must

be not less than the minimum number required by Table 181.500(a) and

other provisions of this section.

Table.--181.500(a)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Minimum number

Space protected required CG Class Medium Minimum size

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Operating station................. 1 B-I, C-I Halon............. 2.5 lb.

CO2............... 4 lb.

Dry chemical...... 2 lb.

Machinery space................... 1 B-II, C-II located Halon............. 10 lb.

just outside exit

CO2............... 15 lb.

Dry chemical...... 10 lb.

Open vehicle deck................. 1 for each 10 B-II Foam.............. 2.5 gal

vehicles

Halon............. 10 lb.

CO2............... 15 lb.

Dry chemical...... 10 lb.

Accomodation space................ 1 for each 2,500 A-II Foam.............. 2.5 gal.

square feet or

fraction thereof

Dry chemical...... 5 lb.

Galley, pantry, concession stand.. 1 A-II, B-II Foam.............. 2.5 gal.

Dry chemical...... 10 lb.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(b) A vehicle deck without a fixed sprinkler system and exposed to

weather must have one B-II portable fire extinguisher for every five

vehicles, located near an entrance to the space.

extinguisher, or a semiportable fire extinguisher, in lieu of those

required by this section.

(d) The frame or support of each B-V fire extinguisher permitted by

paragraph (c) of this section must be welded or otherwise permanently

attached to a bulkhead or deck.

Sec. 181.520 Installation and location.

Portable fire extinguishers must be located so that they are

clearly visible and readily accessible from the space being protected.

The installation and location must be to the satisfaction of the

Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection.

Subpart F--Additional Equipment

Sec. 181.600 Fire axe.

A vessel of more than 65 feet in length must have at least one fire

axe located in or adjacent to the primary operating station.

Sec. 181.610 Fire bucket.

A vessel must have at least three 2\1/2\ gallon buckets, with an

attached lanyard satisfactory to the cognizant OCMI, placed so as to be

easily available during an emergency. The words ``FIRE BUCKET'' must be

stenciled in a contrasting color on each bucket.

PART 182--MACHINERY INSTALLATION

Subpart A--General Provisions

Sec.

182.100 Intent.

182.115 Applicability to existing vessels.

182.130 Alternative standards.

Subpart B--Propulsion Machinery

182.200 General.

182.220 Installations.

Subpart C--Auxiliary Machinery

182.300 General.

182.310 Installations.

182.320 Hot water heaters.

182.330 Pressure vessels.

Subpart D--Specific Machinery Requirements

182.400 Applicability.

182.405 Fuel restrictions.

182.410 General requirements.

182.415 Carburetors.

182.420 Engine cooling.

182.422 Keel and grid cooler installations.

182.425 Engine exhaust cooling.

182.430 Engine exhaust pipe installation.

182.435 Integral fuel tanks.

182.440 Independent fuel tanks.

182.445 Fill and sounding pipes for fuel tanks.

182.450 Vent pipes for fuel tanks.

182.455 Fuel piping.

182.458 Portable fuel systems.

182.460 Ventilation of spaces containing machinery powered by, or

fuel tanks for, gasoline.

182.465 Ventilation of spaces containing diesel machinery.

182.470 Ventilation of spaces containing diesel fuel tanks.

182.480 Flammable vapor detection systems.

Subpart E--Bilge and Ballast Systems

182.500 General.

182.510 Bilge piping system.

182.520 Bilge pumps.

182.530 Bilge level alarms.

182.540 Ballast systems.

Subpart F--Steering Systems

182.600 General.

182.610 Main steering gear.

182.620 Auxiliary means of steering.

Subpart G--Piping Systems

182.700 General.

182.710 Piping for vital systems.

182.715 Piping subject to more than 150 psi in non-vital systems.

182.720 Nonmetallic piping materials.

182.730 Nonferrous metallic piping materials.

Authority: 46 U.S.C. 3306; E.O. 12234, 45 FR 58801, 3 CFR, 1980

Comp., p. 277; 49 CFR 1.46.

Subpart A--General Provisions

Sec. 182.100 Intent.

This part contains requirements for the design, construction,

installation, and operation of propulsion and auxiliary machinery,

piping and pressure systems, steering apparatus, and associated safety

systems. Machinery and equipment installed on each vessel must be

suitable for the vessel and its operation and for the purpose intended.

All machinery and equipment must be installed and maintained in such a

manner as to afford adequate protection from causing fire, explosion,

machinery failure, and personnel injury.

Sec. 182.115 Applicability to existing vessels.

(a) Except as otherwise required by paragraphs (b) and (c) of this

section, an existing vessel must comply with the regulations on

machinery, bilge and ballast system equipment, steering apparatus, and

piping systems or components which were applicable to the vessel on

[date of day before effective date of regulations] or, as an

alternative, the vessel may comply with the regulations in this part.

(b) New installations of machinery, bilge and ballast system

equipment, steering equipment, and piping systems or components on an

existing vessel, which are completed to the satisfaction of the

cognizant OCMI on or after [effective date of regulations], must comply

with the regulations of this part. Replacement of existing equipment

installed on the vessel prior to [effective date of regulations] need

not comply with the regulations in this part.

or other fuels having a flash point of 110 deg.F or lower must comply

with the requirements of Sec. 182.410(c) on or before [date 3 years

after effective date of regulations].

Sec. 182.130 Alternative standards.

(a) A vessel of not more than 65 feet in length carrying not more

than 12 passengers propelled by gasoline or diesel internal combustion

engines, other than a dynamically supported craft, may comply with the

requirements listed in paragraph (b) of this section instead of

complying with the requirements of this part.

(b) The alternative standards for vessels identified in paragraph

(a) of this section are:

(1) Auxiliary boilers, hot water heaters, and all unfired pressure

vessels must comply with subpart C of this part;

(2) Gasoline engines must comply with Sec. 182.415;

(3) Bilge systems must comply with Sec. 182.500;

(4) Steering systems must comply with subpart F of this part; and

(5) The following American Boat and Yacht Council (ABYC) Projects

and regulations in 33 CFR subchapter S (Boating Safety), where

applicable:

(i) H-2--``Ventilation of Boats Using Gasoline,'' or 33 CFR part

183, subpart K, ``Ventilation'';

(ii) H-22--``DC Electric Bilge Pumps Operating Under 50 Volts'';

(iii) H-24--``Gasoline Fuel Systems'', or 33 CFR part 183, subpart

J--``Fuel System'';

(iv) H-25--``Portable Fuel Systems for Flammable Liquids'';

(v) H-32--``Ventilation of Boats Using Diesel Fuel'';

(vi) H-33--``Diesel Fuel Systems'';

(vii) P-1--``Installation of Exhaust Systems for Propulsion and

Auxiliary Engines''; and

(viii) P-4--``Marine Inboard Engines''.

Subpart B--Propulsion Machinery

Sec. 182.200 General.

(a) Propulsion machinery must be suitable in type and design for

propulsion requirements of the hull in which it is installed and

capable of operating at constant marine load under such requirements

without exceeding its designed limitations.

(b) All engines must have at least two means for stopping the

engine(s) under any operating conditions. The fuel oil shutoff required

at the engine by Sec. 182.455(b)(4) will satisfy one means of stopping

the engine.

Sec. 182.220 Installations.

(a) Except as otherwise provided in this section, propulsion

machinery installations must comply with the provisions of this part.

(b) The requirements for machinery and boilers for steam and

electrically propelled vessels are contained in applicable regulations

in subchapter F (Marine Engineering) and subchapter J (Electrical

Engineering) of this chapter.

vessels must be given separate consideration and must be subject to

such requirements as determined necessary by the Officer in Charge,

Marine Inspection. These unusual types of propulsion machinery include:

(1) Gas turbine machinery installations;

(2) Air screws;

(3) Hydraulic jets; and

(4) Machinery installations using propulsion and lift devices.

Subpart C--Auxiliary Machinery

Sec. 182.300 General.

Auxiliary machinery must be suitable in type and design for the

purpose intended.

Sec. 182.310 Installations.

(a) Auxiliary machinery of the internal combustion piston type must

comply with the provisions of this part.

(b) Auxiliary machinery of the steam or gas turbine type will be

given separate consideration and must meet the applicable requirements

of subchapter F (Marine Engineering) of this chapter as determined

necessary by the cognizant OCMI.

piping and fittings will be given separate consideration and must meet

the applicable requirements of subchapter F (Marine Engineering) of

this chapter as determined necessary by the cognizant OCMI, except that

heating boilers must be tested or examined every three years.

Sec. 182.320 Hot water heaters.

(a) A hot water heater must meet the requirements of parts 52 and

63 of this chapter if rated at more than 100 psig (689 kPa) or

250 deg.F (121 deg.C).

(b) A hot water heater must meet the requirements of parts 53 and

63 of this chapter if rated at not more than 100 psig (689 kPa) and

250 deg.F (121 deg.C), except that an electric hot water heater is also

acceptable if it:

(1) Has a capacity of not more than 120 gallons (454 liters);

(2) Has a heat input of not more than 58.6 kilowatts (200,000 Btu

per hour);

(3) Is listed by Underwriters' Laboratories under UL Standard 174

or 1453; and

(4) Is protected by a pressure-temperature relief device.

Sec. 182.330 Pressure vessels.

All unfired pressure vessels must be installed to the satisfaction

of the cognizant OCMI. The design, construction, and original testing

of such unfired pressure vessels must meet the applicable requirements

of subchapter F (Marine Engineering) of this chapter.

Subpart D--Specific Machinery Requirements

Sec. 182.400 Applicability.

(a) This subpart applies to all propulsion and auxiliary machinery

installations of the internal combustion piston type.

(b) Requirements of this subpart that are only applicable to

engines which use gasoline or other fuels having a flashpoint of

110 deg.F or lower are specifically designated in each section.

engines which use diesel fuel or other fuels having a flashpoint of

more than 110 deg.F are specifically designated in each section.

(d) Where no specific gasoline, diesel, or other fuel designation

exists, the requirements of this subpart are applicable to all types of

fuels and machinery.

Sec. 182.405 Fuel restrictions.

The use of alternative fuels, other than diesel fuel or gasoline,

as fuel for an internal combustion engine will be reviewed on a case by

case basis by Commandant.

Sec. 182.410 General requirements.

(a) Starting motors, generators, and any spark producing device

must be mounted as high above the bilges as practicable. Electrical

equipment in spaces, compartments, or enclosures that contain machinery

flashpoint of 110 deg.F or lower must be explosion-proof, intrinsically

safe, or ignition protected for use in a gasoline atmosphere as

required by Sec. 183.530 of this subchapter.

(b) Gauges to indicate engine RPM, cooling water discharge

temperature, and lubricating oil pressure must be provided for all

propulsion engines installed in the vessel. The gauges must be readily

visible at the operating station.

other fuels having a flash point of 110 deg.F or lower must be equipped

with a flammable vapor detection device in compliance with

Sec. 182.480.

(d) In systems and applications where flexible hoses are permitted

to be clamped:

(1) Double hose clamping is required where practicable;

(2) The clamps must be of a corrosion resistant metallic material;

(3) The clamps must not depend on spring tension for their holding

power; and

(4) Two clamps must be used on each end of the hose, or one hose

clamp can be used if the pipe ends are expanded or beaded to provide a

positive stop against hose slippage.

(e) An overspeed trip and or shutdown device must be installed on

all diesel engine installations designed to produce 300 or more

horsepower under ideal conditions, as follows:

(1) For main propulsion engines, meet section 34.11.6 of the ABS

``Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels.''

(2) For generator prime movers, meet section 35.21.2 of the ABS

``Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels.''

Sec. 182.415 Carburetors.

(a) All carburetors except the downdraft type must be equipped with

integral or externally fitted drip collectors of adequate capacity and

arranged so as to permit ready removal of fuel leakage. Externally

fitted drip collectors, must be covered with flame screens. Drip

collectors, where practicable, should automatically drain back to

engine air intakes.

(b) All gasoline engines installed in a vessel, except outboard

engines, must be equipped with an acceptable means of backfire flame

control. Installation of backfire flame arresters bearing basic

Approval Numbers 162.015 or 162.041 or engine air and fuel induction

systems bearing basic Approval Numbers 162.042 or 162.043 may be

continued in use as long as they are serviceable and in good condition.

New installations or replacements must meet the applicable requirements

of this section.

for gasoline engines:

(1) A backfire flame arrester complying with SAE J-1928 or UL 1111

and marked accordingly. The flame arrester must be suitably secured to

the air intake with a flametight connection.

(2) An engine air and fuel induction system which provides adequate

protection from propagation of backfire flame to the atmosphere

equivalent to that provided by an acceptable backfire flame arrester. A

gasoline engine utilizing an air and fuel induction system, and

operated without an approved backfire flame arrester, must either

include a reed valve assembly or be installed in accordance with SAE J-

1928.

(3) An arrangement of the carburetor or engine air induction system

that will disperse any flames caused by engine backfire. The flames

must be dispersed to the atmosphere outside the vessel in such a manner

that the flames will not endanger the vessel, persons on board, or

nearby vessels and structures. Flame dispersion may be achieved by

attachments to the carburetor or location of the engine air induction

system. All attachments must be of metallic construction with

flametight connections and firmly secured to withstand vibration,

shock, and engine backfire. Such installations do not require formal

approval and labeling but must comply with this subpart.

(4) An engine air induction system on a vessel with an integrated

engine-vessel design must be approved, marked, and tested under

Sec. 162.043 of this chapter.

Sec. 182.420 Engine cooling.

(a) Except as otherwise provided in paragraphs (b), (c), (d), and

(e) of this section, all engines must be water cooled and meet the

requirements of this paragraph.

(1) The engine head, block, and exhaust manifold must be water-

jacketed and cooled by water from a pump which operates whenever the

engine is operating.

(2) A suitable hull strainer must be installed in the circulating

raw water intake line of an engine cooling water system.

(3) A closed fresh water system may be used to cool the engine.

(b) An engine water cooling system on a vessel of not more than 65

feet in length carrying not more than 12 passengers, may comply with

the requirements of ABYC Project P-4, ``Marine Inboard Engines,''

instead of the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section.

more than 12 passengers, a propulsion gasoline engine may be air cooled

when in compliance with the requirements of ABYC Project P-4, ``Marine

Inboard Engines.''

(d) An auxiliary gasoline engine may be air cooled when:

(1) It has a self-contained fuel system and it is installed on an

open deck; or

(2) On a vessel of not more than 65 feet in length carrying not

more than 12 passengers, it is in compliance with the requirements of

ABYC P-4, ``Marine Inboard Engines.''

(e) A propulsion or auxiliary diesel engine may be air cooled or

employ an air cooled jacket water radiator when:

(1) Installed on an open deck and sufficient ventilation for

machinery cooling is available;

(2) Installed in an enclosed or partially enclosed space for which

ventilation for machinery cooling is provided, which complies with the

requirement of Sec. 119.465(b), and other necessary safeguards are

taken so as not to endanger the vessel; or

(3) Installed on a vessel of not more than 65 feet in length

carrying not more than 12 passengers, in compliance with the

requirements of ABYC Project P-4, ``Marine Inboard Engines.''

Sec. 182.422 Keel and grid cooler installations.

(a) A keel or grid cooler installation used for engine cooling must

be designed to prevent flooding.

(b) A shutoff valve must be located where the cooler piping

penetrates the shell, as near the shell as practicable, except where

the penetration is forward of the collision bulkhead.

of the shutoff valves required by paragraph (b) of this section, must

be at least Schedule 80.

(d) Short lengths of approved nonmetallic flexible hose, fixed by

hose clamps, may be used at machinery connections for a keel cooler

installation.

Sec. 182.425 Engine exhaust cooling.

(a) Except as otherwise provided in this paragraph, all engine

exhaust pipes must be water cooled.

(1) Vertical dry exhaust pipes are permissible if installed in

compliance with Secs. 177.405(b) and 177.970 of this subchapter.

(2) Horizontal dry exhaust pipes are permitted only if:

(i) They do not pass through living or berthing spaces;

(ii) They terminate above the deepest load waterline;

(iii) They are so arranged as to prevent entry of cold water from

rough or boarding seas;

(iv) They are constructed of corrosion resisting material at the

hull penetration; and

(v) They are installed in compliance with Secs. 177.405(b) and

177.970 of this subchapter.

(b) The exhaust pipe cooling water system must comply with the

requirements of this paragraph.

(1) Water for cooling the exhaust pipe must be obtained from the

engine cooling water system or a separate engine driven pump.

(2) Water for cooling the exhaust pipe, other than a vertical

exhaust, must be injected into the exhaust system as near to the engine

manifold as practicable. The water must pass through the entire length

of the exhaust pipe.

(3) The part of the exhaust system between the point of cooling

water injection and the engine manifold must be water-jacketed or

effectively insulated and protected in compliance with Secs. 177.405(b)

and 177.970 of this subchapter.

(4) Vertical exhaust pipes must be water-jacketed or suitably

insulated between the engine manifold and the spark arrester required

by Sec. 182.430(g).

(5) When the exhaust cooling water system is separate from the

engine cooling water system, a suitable warning device, visual or

audible, must be installed at the operating station to indicate any

reduction in normal water flow in the exhaust cooling system.

(6) A suitable hull strainer must be installed in the circulating

raw water intake line for the exhaust cooling system.

requirements of ABYC Project P-1, ``Installation of Exhaust Systems for

Propulsion and Auxiliary Machinery,'' will be considered as meeting the

requirements of this section.

Sec. 182.430 Engine exhaust pipe installation.

(a) The design of all exhaust systems must ensure minimum risk of

injury to personnel. Protection must be provided in compliance with

Sec. 177.970 of this subchapter at such locations where persons or

equipment might come in contact with an exhaust pipe.

(b) Exhaust gas must not leak from the piping or any connections.

The piping must be properly supported by noncombustible hangers or

blocks.

of water from reaching engine exhaust ports under normal conditions.

(d) An exhaust pipe discharge located less than 3 inches above the

deepest load waterline must be fitted with means to prevent the ingress

of water.

(e) Pipes used for wet exhaust lines must be schedule 80 or

corrosion-resistant material and adequately protected from mechanical

damage.

(f) Where flexibility is necessary, a section of flexible metallic

hose may be used. Nonmetallic hose may be used for wet exhaust systems

provided it is especially adapted to resist the action of oil, acid,

and heat, has a wall thickness sufficient to prevent collapsing or

panting, and is double clamped.

(g) Where an exhaust pipe passes through a watertight bulkhead, the

watertight integrity of the bulkhead must be maintained. Noncombustible

packing must be used in bulkhead penetration glands for dry exhaust

systems. A wet exhaust pipe may be welded to a steel bulkhead in way of

a penetration and a fiberglass wet exhaust pipe may be fiberglassed to

a fiberglass reinforced plastic bulkhead if suitable arrangements are

provided to relieve the stresses resulting from the expansion of the

exhaust piping.

(h) A dry exhaust pipe must:

(1) If it passes through a combustible bulkhead or partition, be

kept clear of and suitably insulated or shielded from combustible

material.

(2) Be provided with noncombustible hangers and blocks for support.

(i) An exhaust pipe discharge terminating in a transom must be

located as far outboard as practicable so that exhaust gases cannot re-

enter the vessel.

(j) Arrangements must be made to provide access to allow complete

inspection of the exhaust piping throughout its length.

(k) An exhaust installation subject to pressures in excess of 15

pounds per square inch gauge or having exhaust pipes passing through

living or working spaces must meet the material requirements of part 56

of subchapter F (Marine Engineering) of this chapter.

(l) Engine exhaust installations built in accordance with the

requirements of ABYC Project P-1, ``Installations of Exhaust Systems

for Propulsion and Auxiliary Machinery,'' will be considered as meeting

the requirements of this section.

Sec. 182.435 Integral fuel tanks.

(a) Gasoline fuel tanks must be independent of the hull.

(b) Diesel fuel tanks may not be built integral with the hull of a

vessel unless the hull is made of:

(1) Steel;

(2) Aluminum; or

(3) Fiber reinforced plastic when:

(i) Sandwich construction is not used; or

(ii) Sandwich construction is used with only a core material of

closed cell polyvinyl chloride.

integral fuel tanks must withstand a hydrostatic pressure test of 5

pounds per square inch, or the maximum pressure head to which they may

be subjected in service, whichever is greater. A standpipe of 11\1/2\

feet in height attached to the tank may be filled with water to

accomplish the 5 pounds per square inch test.

Sec. 182.440 Independent fuel tanks.

(a) Materials and construction. Independent fuel tanks must be

designed and constructed of materials in compliance with the

requirements of this paragraph.

(1) The material used and the minimum thickness allowed must be as

indicated in table 182.440(a)(1), except that other materials which

provide equivalent safety may be approved for use under paragraph

(a)(3) of this section. Tanks having a capacity of more than 150

gallons must be designed to withstand the maximum head to which they

may be subjected in service, but in no case may the thickness be less

than that specified in table 182.440(a)(1).

Table--182.440(a)(1)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Thickness in inches & gage number\1\ vs. tank capacities

for

ASTM specification (latest -----------------------------------------------------------

Material edition) More than 80 and

1 to 80 gallon not more than 150 Over 150\2\ gallon

tanks gallon tanks tanks

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Nickel-copper.......... B127, hot rolled sheet or 0.037 (USSG 20)\3\ 0.050 (USSG 18)... 0.107 (USSG 12)

plate.

Copper-nickel\4\....... B122, UNS alloy C71500..... 0.045 (AWG 17).... 0.057 (AWG 15).... 0.128 (AWG 8)

Copper\4\.............. B152, UNS alloy C11000..... 0.057 (AWG 15).... 0.081 (AWG 12).... 0.182 (AWG 5)

Copper-silicon\4\...... B97, alloys A, B, and C.... 0.051 (AWG 16).... 0.064 (AWG 14).... 0.144 (AWG 7)

Steel or iron\5\,\6\... ........................... 0.0747 (MSG 14)... 0.1046 (MSG 12)... 0.1793 (MSG 7)

Aluminum\7\............ B209, alloy 5052, 5083, 0.250 (USSG 3).... 0.250 (USSG 3).... 0.250 (USSG 3)

5086.

Fiber reinforced ........................... As required\8\.... As required\8\.... As required\8\

plastic.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

\1\The gage numbers used in this table may be found in many standard engineering reference books. The letters

``USSG'' stand for ``U.S. Standard Gage,'' which was established by the Act of March 3, 1892 (15 U.S.C. 206),

for sheet and plate iron and steel. The letters ``AWG'' stand for ``American Wire Gage'' (or Brown and Sharpe

Gage) for noferrous sheet thicknesses. The letters ``MSG'' stand for ``Manufacturers' Standard Gage'' for

sheet steel thickness.

\2\Tanks over 400 gallons shall be designed with a factor of safety of four on the ultimate strength of the

material used with a design head of not less than 4 feet of liquid above the top of the tank.

\3\Nickel-copper not less than 0.031 inch (USSG 22) may be used for tanks up to 30-gallon capacity.

\4\Acceptable only for gasoline service.

\5\Gasoline fuel tanks constructed of iron or steel, which are less than \3/16\ inch thick, shall be galvanized

inside and outside by the hot dip process. Tanks intended for use with diesel oil shall not be internally

galvanized.

\6\Stainless steel tanks are not included in this category.

\7\Anodic to most common metals. Avoid dissimilar metal contact with tank body.

\8\The requirements of Sec. 182.440(a)(2) apply.

(2) Fiber reinforced plastic may be used for diesel fuel tanks

under the following provisions:

(i) The materials must be fire retardant. Flammability of the

material must be determined by the standard test methods ASTM D635 and

ASTM D2863. The results of the tests must show that the average extent

of burning is less than 0.394 inches (10mm), the average time of

burning is less than 50 seconds, and the limiting oxygen index is

greater than 21.

(ii) Tanks must meet UL Standard 1102. Testing may be accomplished

by an independent laboratory or by the fabricator to the satisfaction

of the OCMI.

(iii) Tanks must be designed to withstand the maximum head to which

they may be subjected to in service.

(iv) Installation of nozzles, flanges or other fittings for pipe

connections to the tanks must be acceptable to the cognizant OCMI.

(v) Baffle plates, if installed, must be of the same material and

not less than the minimum thickness of the tank walls. Limber holes at

the bottom and air holes at the top of all baffles must be provided.

Baffle plates must be installed at the time the tests required by UL

Standard 1102 are conducted.

(3) Materials other than those listed in Table 182.440(a)(1) must

be approved by the Commandant. An independent tank using material

approved by the Commandant under this paragraph must meet the testing

requirements of UL Standard 1102. Testing may be accomplished by an

independent laboratory or by the fabricator to the satisfaction of the

OCMI.

(4) Tanks with flanged-up top edges which may trap and hold

moisture are prohibited.

(5) Openings for fill pipes, vent pipes, and machinery fuel supply

pipes, and openings for fuel level gauges, where used, must be on the

topmost surfaces of tanks. Tanks may not have any openings in bottoms,

sides, or ends, except for:

(i) An opening fitted with a threaded plug or cap installed for

tank cleaning purposes; and

(ii) In a diesel fuel tank, openings for supply piping and tubular

gauge glasses.

(6) All tank joints must be welded or brazed. Lap joints may not be

used.

(7) Nozzles, flanges, or other fittings for pipe connections to a

metal tank must be welded or brazed to the tank. Tank openings in way

of pipe connections must be properly reinforced where necessary. Where

fuel level gauges are used on a metal tank, the flanges to which gauge

fittings are attached must be welded or brazed to the tank. No tubular

gauge glasses may be fitted to gasoline fuel tanks. Tubular gauge

glasses, if fitted to diesel fuel tanks, must be of heat resistant

materials, adequately protected from mechanical damage, and provided at

the tank connections with devices which will automatically close in the

event of rupture of the gauge or gauge lines.

(8) A metal tank exceeding 30 inches in any horizontal dimension

must:

(i) Be fitted with vertical baffle plates, which meet paragraph

(a)(9) of this section, at intervals not exceeding 30 inches to provide

strength and to control the excessive surge of fuel; or

(ii) The owner shall submit calculations to the cognizant OCMI

demonstrating the structural adequacy of the tank in a fully loaded

static condition and in a worst case dynamic (sloshing) condition.

(9) Baffle plates, where required in metal tanks, must be of the

same material and not less than the minimum thickness required in the

tank walls and must be connected to the tank walls by welding or

brazing. Limber holes at the bottom and air holes at the top of all

baffles must be provided.

(10) Iron or steel diesel fuel tanks must not be galvanized on the

interior. Galvanizing, paint, or other suitable coating must be used to

protect the outside of iron and steel diesel fuel tanks and the inside

and outside of iron and steel gasoline fuel tanks.

(b) Location and installation. Independent fuel tanks must be

located and installed in compliance with the requirements of this

paragraph.

(1) Fuel tanks must be located in, or as close as practicable to,

machinery spaces.

(2) Fuel tanks and fittings must be so installed as to permit

examination, testing, or removal for cleaning with minimum disturbance

to the hull structure.

(3) Fuel tanks must be adequately supported and braced to prevent

movement. The supports and braces must be insulated from contact with

the tank surfaces with a nonabrasive and nonabsorbent material.

(4) All fuel tanks must be electrically bonded to a common ground.

the requirements of this part prior to being used to carry fuel.

(1) Prior to installation, tanks vented to the atmosphere must be

hydrostatically tested to, and must withstand, a pressure of 5 pounds

per square inch or 1\1/2\ times the maximum pressure head to which they

may be subjected in service, whichever is greater. A standpipe of 11\1/

2\ feet in height attached to the tank may be filled with water to

accomplish the 5 pounds per square inch test. Permanent deformation of

the tank will not be cause for rejection unless accompanied by leakage.

(2) After installation of the fuel tank on a vessel, the complete

installation must be tested in the presence of a marine inspector to a

head not less than that to which the tank may be subjected in service.

Fuel may be used as the testing medium.

(3) All tanks not vented to the atmosphere must be constructed and

tested in accordance with Sec. 182.330.

(d) Alternative procedures. A vessel of not more than 65 feet in

length carrying not more than 12 passengers, with independent gasoline

fuel tanks built in accordance with ABYC Project H-24 or 33 CFR part

183, subpart J, or with independent diesel fuel tanks built in

accordance with ABYC Project H-33, will be considered as meeting the

requirements of this section. However, tanks must not be fabricated

from any material not listed in table 182.440(a)(1) without approval by

the Commandant under paragraph (a)(3) of this section.

Sec. 182.445 Fill and sounding pipes for fuel tanks.

(a) Fill pipes for fuel tanks must be not less than 1\1/2\ inches

nominal pipe size.

(b) There must be a means of accurately determining the amount of

fuel in each fuel tank either by sounding, through a separate sounding

pipe or a fill pipe, or by an installed marine type fuel gauge.

as high as the opening of the fill pipe and they must be kept closed at

all times except during sounding.

(d) Fill pipes and sounding pipes must be so arranged that overflow

of liquid or vapor cannot escape to the inside of the vessel.

(e) Fill pipes and sounding pipes must run as directly as possible,

preferably in a straight line, from the deck connection to the top of

the tank. Such pipes must terminate on the weather deck and must be

fitted with shutoff valves, watertight deck plates, or screw caps,

suitably marked for identification. Gasoline fill pipes and sounding

pipes must extend to within one half of their diameter from the bottom

of the tank. Diesel fill pipes and sounding pipes may terminate at the

top of the tank.

(f) A vessel of not more than 65 feet carrying not more than 12

passengers, with a gasoline fuel system built in accordance with ABYC

Project H-24 or 33 CFR part 183, subpart J, or with a diesel fuel

system built in accordance with ABYC Project H-33 will be considered as

meeting the requirements of this section.

(g) Where a flexible fill pipe section is necessary, suitable

flexible tubing or hose having high resistance to salt water, petroleum

oils, heat and vibration, may be used. Such hose must overlap metallic

pipe ends at least 1\1/2\ times the pipe diameter and must be secured

at each end by clamps. The flexible section must be accessible and as

near the upper end of the fill pipe as practicable. When the flexible

section is a nonconductor of electricity, the metallic sections of the

fill pipe separated thereby must be joined by a conductor for

protection against generation of a static charge when filling with

fuel.

Sec. 182.450 Vent pipes for fuel tanks.

(a) Each unpressurized fuel tank must be fitted with a vent pipe

connected to the highest point of the tank.

(b) The net cross sectional area of the vent pipe for a gasoline

fuel tank must not be less than that of \3/4\ inch O.D. tubing (0.035

inch wall thickness, 20 gauge), except that, where the tank is filled

under pressure, the net cross sectional area of the vent pipe must be

not less than that of the fill pipe.

diesel fuel tanks must be as follows:

(1) Not less than the cross sectional area of \5/8\ inch O.D.

tubing (0.035-inch wall thickness, 20 gauge), if the fill pipe

terminates at the top of the tank;

(2) Not less than the cross sectional area of \3/4\ inch O.D.

tubing (0.035-inch wall thickness, 20 gauge), if the fill pipe extends

into the tank; and

(3) Not less than the cross sectional area of the fill pipe if the

tank is filled under pressure.

(d) The discharge ends of fuel tank vent pipes must terminate on

the hull exterior as high above the waterline as practicable and remote

from any hull openings, or they must terminate in U-bends as high above

the weather deck as practicable and as far as practicable from openings

into any enclosed spaces. Vent pipes terminating on the hull exterior

must be installed or equipped to prevent the accidental contamination

of the fuel by water under normal operating conditions.

(e) The discharge ends of fuel tank vent pipes must be fitted with

removable flame screens or flame arresters. The flame screens must

consist of a single screen of corrosion resistant wire of at least

30 x 30 mesh. The flame screens or flame arresters must be of such size

and design as to prevent reduction in the net cross sectional area of

the vent pipe and permit cleaning or renewal of the flame screens or

arrester elements.

(f) A vessel of not more than 65 feet in length carrying not more

than 12 passengers, with fuel gasoline tank vents built in accordance

with ABYC Project H-24, or 33 CFR part 183, subpart J, or with diesel

fuel tank vents built in accordance with ABYC Project H-33, will be

considered as meeting the requirements of this section.

(g) Where a flexible vent pipe section is necessary, suitable

flexible tubing or hose having high resistance to salt water, petroleum

oils, heat and vibration, may be used. Such hose must overlap metallic

pipe ends at least 1\1/2\ times the pipe diameter and must be secured

at each end by clamps. The flexible section must be accessible and as

near the upper end of the vent pipe as practicable.

Sec. 182.455 Fuel piping.

(a) Materials and workmanship. The materials and construction of

fuel lines, including pipe, tube, and hose, must comply with the

requirements of this paragraph.

(1) Fuel lines must be annealed tubing of copper, nickel-copper, or

copper-nickel having a minimum wall thickness of 0.035 inch except

that:

(i) Diesel fuel piping of other materials, such as seamless steel

pipe or tubing, which provide equivalent safety may be used;

(ii) Diesel fuel piping of aluminum is acceptable on aluminum hull

vessels provided it is installed outside the machinery space and is a

minimum of Schedule 80 wall thickness; and

(iii) When used, flexible hose must meet the requirements of

Sec. 182.720(e).

(2) Tubing connections and fittings must be of nonferrous drawn or

forged metal of the flared type except that flareless fittings of the

non-bite type may be used when the tubing system is of nickel-copper or

copper-nickel. When making tube connections, the tubing must be cut

square and flared by suitable tools. Tube ends must be annealed before

flaring.

(3) Cocks are prohibited except for the solid bottom type with

tapered plugs and union bonnets.

(4) Valves for gasoline fuel lines must be of a suitable nonferrous

type.

(b) Installation. The installation of fuel lines, including pipe,

tube, and hose, must comply with the requirements of this paragraph.

(1) Gasoline fuel lines must be connected at the top of the fuel

tank and run at or above the level of the tank top to a point as close

to the engine connection as practicable, except that lines below the

level of the tank top are permitted if equipped with anti-siphon

protection.

(2) Diesel fuel lines may be connected to the fuel tank at or near

the bottom of the tank.

(3) Fuel lines must be accessible, protected from mechanical

injury, and effectively secured against excessive movement and

vibration by the use of soft nonferrous metal straps which have no

sharp edges and are insulated to protect against corrosion. Where

passing through bulkheads, fuel lines must be protected by close

fitting ferrules or stuffing boxes. All fuel lines and fittings must be

accessible for inspection.

(4) Shutoff valves, installed so as to close against the fuel flow,

must be fitted in the fuel supply lines, one at the tank connection and

one at the engine end of the fuel line to stop fuel flow when servicing

accessories. The shutoff valve at the tank must be manually operable

from outside the compartment in which the valve is located, preferably

from an accessible position on the weather deck. If the shutoff valve

at the tank is located inside the Engine Room, it must be located so

that the operator does not have to reach more than 12'' into the Engine

Room and the valve must be shielded from flames by the same material

the hull is constructed of, or some noncombustible material. Electric

solenoid valves must not be used, unless used in addition to the manual

valve.

(5) A loop of copper tubing or a short length of flexible hose must

be installed in the fuel supply line at or near the engines. The

flexible hose must meet the requirements of Sec. 182.720(e).

(6) A suitable metal marine type strainer, meeting the requirements

of the engine manufacturer, must be fitted in the fuel supply line in

the engine compartment. Strainers must be leak free. Strainers must be

of the type opening on top for cleaning screens. A drip pan fitted with

flame screen must be installed under gasoline strainers. Fuel filter

and strainer bowls must be highly resistant to shattering due to

mechanical impact and resistant to failure due to thermal shock. Fuel

filters fitted with bowls of other than steel construction must be

approved by the Commandant and be protected from mechanical damage.

Approval of bowls of other than steel construction will specify if a

flame shield is required.

(7) All accessories installed in the fuel line must be

independently supported.

(8) Outlets in gasoline fuel lines which would permit drawing fuel

below deck, for any purpose, are prohibited.

(9) Valves for removing water or impurities from diesel fuel in

water traps or strainers are permitted. These valves must be provided

with caps or plugs to prevent fuel leakage.

carrying not more than 12 passengers, with machinery powered by

gasoline and a fuel system built in accordance with ABYC Project H-24

or 33 CFR part 183, subpart J, or with machinery powered by diesel fuel

and a fuel system built in accordance with ABYC Project H-33, will be

considered as meeting the requirements of this section.

Sec. 182.458 Portable fuel systems.

(a) Portable fuel systems, including portable tanks and related

fuel lines and accessories, are prohibited except where used for

outboard motor installations.

(b) The design, construction and stowage of portable tanks and

related fuel lines and accessories must meet the requirements of ABYC

Project H-25, ``Portable Fuel Systems for Flammable Liquids.''

Sec. 182.460 Ventilation of spaces containing machinery powered by, or

fuel tanks for, gasoline.

(a) A space containing machinery powered by, or fuel tanks for,

gasoline must have a ventilation system which complies with this

section and consists of:

(1) For an enclosed space:

(i) At least two natural ventilation supply ducts located at one

end of the space and which extend to the lowest part of the space or to

the bilge on each side of the space; and

(ii) A mechanical exhaust system consisting of at least two

ventilation exhaust ducts located at the end of the space opposite from

where the supply ducts are fitted, which extend to the lowest part or

the bilge of the space on each side of the space, and which are led to

one or more powered exhaust blowers; and

(2) For a partially enclosed space, at least one ventilation duct

installed in the forward part of the space and one ventilation duct

installed in the after part of the space, or as otherwise required by

the cognizant OCMI. Ducts for partially enclosed spaces must have cowls

or scoops as required by paragraph (i) of this section.

(b) A mechanical exhaust system required by paragraph (a)(1)(ii) of

this section must be such as to assure the air changes as noted in

Table 182.460(b) depending upon the size of the space.

Table.--182.460(b)

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Size of space in cubic feet

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Over................................................ Not over Minutes

per air

change

0................................................... 500 2

500................................................. 1,000 3

1,000............................................... 1,500 4

1,500............................................... ........ 5

------------------------------------------------------------------------

mounted in any space required to be ventilated by this section, must be

located as high above the bilge as practicable. Blower blades must be

nonsparking with reference to their housings.

(d) Where a fixed gas fire extinguishing system is installed in a

space, all powered exhaust blowers for the space must automatically

shut down upon release of the extinguishing agent.

(e) Exhaust blower switches must be located outside of any space

required to be ventilated by this section, and must be of the type

interlocked with the starting switch and the ignition switch so that

the blowers are started before the engine starter motor circuit or the

engine ignition is energized. A red warning sign at the switch must

state that the blowers must be operated prior to starting the engines

for the time sufficient to insure at least one complete change of air

in the space served.

(f) The area of the ventilation ducts must be sufficient to limit

the air velocity to a maximum of 2,000 feet per minute. A duct may be

of any shape, provided that in no case will one cross sectional

dimension exceed twice the other.

(g) A duct must be so installed that ordinary collection of water

in the bilge will not block vapor flow.

(h) A duct must be of rigid permanent construction, which does not

allow any appreciable vapor flow except through normal openings, and

made of the same material as the hull or of noncombustible material.

The duct must lead as directly as possible from its intake opening to

its terminus and be securely fastened and supported.

(i) A supply duct must be provided at its intake opening with a

cowl or scoop having a free area not less than twice the required duct

area. When the cowl or scoop is screened, the mouth area must be

increased to compensate for the area of the screen wire. A cowl or

scoop must be kept open at all times except when the weather is such as

to endanger the vessel if the openings are not temporarily closed.

(j) Dampers may not be fitted in a supply duct.

(k) A duct opening may not be located where the natural flow of air

is unduly obstructed, adjacent to possible sources of vapor ignition,

or where exhaust air may be taken into a supply duct.

(l) Provision must be made for closing all supply duct cowls or

scoops and exhaust duct discharge openings for a space protected by a

fixed gas extinguishing system. All closure devices must be readily

available and mounted in the vicinity of the vent.

(m) A vessel of not more than 65 feet in length carrying not more

than 12 passengers, with ventilation installations in accordance with

ABYC Project H-2, ``Ventilation of Boats Using Gasoline,'' or 33 CFR

part 183, subpart K, ``Ventilation,'' will be considered as meeting the

requirements of this section.

Sec. 182.465 Ventilation of spaces containing diesel machinery.

(a) A space containing diesel machinery must be fitted with

adequate means such as dripproof ventilators, ducts, or louvers, to

provide sufficient air for proper operation of main engines and

auxiliary engines.

(b) Air-cooled propulsion and auxiliary diesel engines installed

below deck, as permitted by Sec. 182.420, must be fitted with air

supply ducts or piping from the weather deck. The ducts or piping must

be so arranged and supported to be capable of safely sustaining

stresses induced by weight and engine vibration and to minimize

transfer of vibration to the supporting structure. Prior to

installation of ventilation system for such engines, plans or sketches

showing machinery arrangement including air supplies, exhaust stack,

method of attachment of ventilation ducts to the engine, location of

spark arresting mufflers and capacity of ventilation blowers must be

submitted to the cognizant OCMI for approval.

least two ducts to furnish natural or powered supply and exhaust

ventilation. One duct must extend to a point near the bottom of the

space, and be so installed that the ordinary collection of water in the

bilge will not block air flow in the duct. Where powered ventilation is

installed, the duct extending near the bottom of the space must be the

exhaust. The total inlet area and the total outlet area of each

ventilation duct may not be less than one square inch for each foot of

beam of the vessel. These minimum areas must be increased as necessary

when the ducts are considered as part of the air supply to the engines.

(d) A duct must be of rigid permanent construction, which does not

allow any appreciable vapor flow except through normal openings, and

made of the same material as the hull or of noncombustible material.

The duct must lead as directly as possible from its intake opening to

its terminus and be securely fastened and supported.

(e) A supply duct must be provided with a cowl or scoop having a

free area not less than twice the required duct area. When the cowl or

scoop is screened, the mouth area must be increased to compensate for

the area of the screen wire. A cowl or scoop must be kept open at all

times except when the weather is such as to endanger the vessel if the

openings are not temporarily closed.

(f) Dampers may not be fitted in a supply duct.

(g) A duct opening may not be located where the natural flow of air

is unduly obstructed, adjacent to possible sources of vapor ignition,

or where exhaust air may be taken into a supply duct.

(h) Provision must be made for closing all supply duct cowls or

scoops and exhaust duct discharge openings for a space protected by a

fixed gas extinguishing system. All closure devices must be readily

available and mounted in the vicinity of the vent.

(i) A vessel of not more than 65 feet in length carrying not more

than 12 passengers, with ventilation installations in accordance with

ABYC Project H-32, ``Ventilation of Boats Using Diesel Fuel,'' will be

considered as meeting the requirements of this section.

Sec. 182.470 Ventilation of spaces containing diesel fuel tanks.

(a) Unless provided with ventilation which complies with

Sec. 182.465, a space containing a diesel fuel tank and no machinery

must meet the requirements of this paragraph.

(1) A space of 500 cubic feet or more in volume must have a

gooseneck vent of not less than 2\1/2\ inches in diameter.

(2) A space of less than 500 cubic feet in volume must have a

gooseneck vent of not less than 1\1/2\ inches in diameter.

(b) Vent openings may not be located adjacent to possible sources

of vapor ignition.

than 12 passengers, with ventilation installations in accordance with

ABYC Project H-32, ``Ventilation of Boats Using Diesel Fuel,'' will be

considered as meeting the requirements of this section.

Sec. 182.480 Flammable vapor detection systems.

(a) A flammable vapor detection system must meet UL Standard 1110

and be approved by an independent laboratory.

(b) Procedures for checking the proper operation of a flammable

vapor detection system must be posted at the primary operating station.

The system must be self-monitoring and include a ground fault

indication alarm.

seconds prior to engine startup and continue sensing the entire time

the engine is running.

(d) A flammable vapor detection system must provide a visual and

audible alarm at the operating station.

(e) A sensor must be located above the expected bilge water level

in the following locations:

(1) The lowest part of a machinery space;

(2) The lowest part of a space containing a fuel tank when separate

from the machinery space; and

(3) Any other location when required by the cognizant Officer in

Charge, Marine Inspection.

(f) A flammable vapor detection system must be installed so as to

permit calibration in a vapor free atmosphere.

(g) Electrical connections, wiring, and components for a flammable

vapor detection system must comply with part 183 of this subchapter.

(h) An operation and maintenance manual for the flammable vapor

detection system must be kept onboard.

Subpart E--Bilge and Ballast Systems

Sec. 182.500 General.

(a) A vessel must be provided with a satisfactory arrangement for

draining any watertight compartment, other than small buoyancy

compartments, under all practicable conditions. Sluice valves are not

permitted in watertight bulkheads.

(b) A vessel of not more than 65 feet in length carrying not more

than 12 passengers may meet the requirements of American Boat and Yacht

Council Project H-22 in lieu of the requirements of this subpart,

provided that each watertight compartment, other than small buoyancy

compartments and the compartment forward of the collision bulkhead, is

provided with a means for dewatering.

dynamically supported craft, that have a high degree of subdivision and

utilize numerous small buoyancy compartments. Where the probability of

flooding of the space is limited to external hull damage, compartment

drainage may be omitted provided it can be shown by stability

calculations, submitted to the cognizant OCMI, that the safety of the

vessel will not be impaired.

Sec. 182.510 Bilge piping system.

(a) A vessel of at least 26 feet in length must be provided with

individual bilge lines and bilge suctions for each watertight

compartment, except that the space forward of the collision bulkhead

need not be fitted with a bilge suction line when the arrangement of

the vessel is such that ordinary leakage may be removed from this

compartment by the use of a hand portable bilge pump or other

equipment, and such equipment is provided.

(b) A bilge pipe in a vessel of not more than 65 feet in length

must be not less than 1 inch nominal pipe size. A bilge pipe in a

vessel of more than 65 feet in length must be not less than 1\1/2\

inches nominal pipe size. A bilge suction must be fitted with a

suitable strainer having an open area not less than three times the

area of the bilge pipe.

individual bilge suction lines must be led to a central control point

or manifold and provided with a stop valve at the control point or

manifold and a check valve at some accessible point in the bilge line.

A stop-check valve located at a control point or manifold will meet the

requirements for both a stop valve and a check valve.

(d) A bilge pipe piercing the collision bulkhead must be fitted

with a screw-down valve located on the forward side of the collision

bulkhead and operable from the weather deck, or, if it is readily

accessible under service conditions, a screw-down valve without a reach

rod may be fitted to the bilge line on the after side of the collision

bulkhead.

Sec. 182.520 Bilge pumps.

(a) A vessel must be provided with bilge pumps in accordance with

Table 182.520(a). A second power pump is an acceptable alternative to a

hand pump if it is supplied by a source of power independent of the

first power bilge pump. Individual power pumps used for separate spaces

are to be controlled from a central control point and must have a light

or other visual means at the control point to indicate operation.

Table.--182.520(a)

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Minimum capacity

Number of Bilge pumps required per

passengers Length of vessel required pump (gal. per

minutes)

------------------------------------------------------------------------

Any number....... More than 65 feet 2 fixed power 50 GPM.

pumps.

More than 49 Not more than 65 1 fixed power 25 GPM (power);

passengers and feet. pump and 1 10 GPM (hand).

all ferry portable hand

vessels. pump.

Not more than 49 26 feet up to 65 1 fixed power 10 GPM (fixed

passengers feet. pump and 1 power); 10 GPM

(other than portable hand (fixed hand); 5

ferry vessels). pump, or 1 GPM (portable

fixed hand pump hand).

and 1 portable

hand pump.

................. Less than 26 feet 1 portable hand 5 GPM.

pump.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

(b) A portable hand bilge pump must be:

(1) Capable of pumping water, but not necessarily simultaneously,

from all watertight compartments; and

(2) Provided with suitable suction and discharge hoses capable of

reaching the bilges of each watertight compartment.

driven off the main engine or other source of power. It must be

permanently connected to the bilge manifold and may also be connected

to the fire main. If of sufficient capacity, a power bilge pump may

also serve as a fire pump.

(d) Where two fixed power bilge pumps are installed, they must be

driven by different sources of power. If one pump is driven off the

main engine in a single propulsion engine installation, the other must

be independently driven. In a twin propulsion engine installation, each

pump may be driven off a different propulsion engine.

(e) A submersible electric bilge pump may be used as a power bilge

pump required by Table 182.520(a) only on a vessel of not more than 65

feet in length carrying not more than 49 passengers, other than a

ferry, provided that:

(1) The pump is listed by Underwriters Laboratories Inc. or another

independent laboratory;

(2) The pump is used to dewater not more than one watertight

compartment;

(3) The pump is permanently mounted;

(4) The pump is equipped with a strainer which can be readily

inspected and cleaned without removal;

(5) The pump discharge line is suitably supported; if flexible hose

is used, the hose does not penetrate any required watertight bulkheads;

(6) The opening in the hull for the pump discharge is placed as

high above the waterline as possible; and

(7) A positive shutoff valve is installed at the hull penetration.

(8) The capacity of the electrical system, including wiring, and

size and number of batteries, is designed to allow all bilge pumps to

be operated simultaneously.

(f) A flexible tube or hose may be used instead of fixed pipe for

the discharge line of a submersible electric bilge pump provided the

hose or tube does not penetrate any required watertight bulkheads and

is:

(1) Of good quality and of substantial construction, suitable for

the intended use; and

(2) Highly resistant to salt water, petroleum oil, heat, and

vibration.

(g) If a fixed hand pump is used to comply with Table 182.520(a),

it must be permanently connected to the bilge system.

(h) On a vessel of not more than 65 feet in length, a power driven

fire pump required by Sec. 181.300 of this subchapter may serve as a

fixed power bilge pump required by this subpart, provided it has the

minimum flow rate required by Table 182.520(a).

(i) On a vessel of more than 65 feet in length, a power driven fire

pump required by Sec. 181.300 of this subchapter may serve as one of

the two fixed power bilge pumps required by this subpart, provided:

(1) The bilge and fire pump systems are interconnected;

(2) The dedicated bilge pump is capable of pumping the bilges at

the same time the fire/bilge pump charges the firemain; and

(3) Stop valves and check valves are installed in the piping to

isolate the systems during simultaneous operation and prevent possible

flooding through the bilge system.

(j) A catamaran vessel must be equipped with bilge pumps for each

hull, as if each hull is a separate vessel, in accordance with Table

182.520(a), except where:

(1) One dedicated pump is located in each hull;

(2) Each dedicated pump is driven by an independent source of

power; and

(3) The bilge system is permanently cross connected between hulls.

Sec. 182.530 Bilge level alarms.

(a) On a vessel of at least 26 feet in length, a visual and audible

alarm must be provided at the operating station to indicate high bilge

level in all normally unattended machinery spaces located below the

deepest load waterline.

(b) A visual indicator must be provided at the operating station to

indicate when any automatic bilge pump is operating.

Sec. 182.540 Ballast systems.

(a) Ballast piping must not be installed in any compartment

integral with the hull of a wooden vessel. Where the carriage of liquid

ballast in such a vessel is necessary, suitable ballast tanks,

structurally independent of the hull, must be provided.

(b) Solid and water ballast must comply with the requirements of

part 178 of this subchapter.

Subpart F--Steering Systems

Sec. 182.600 General.

A self-propelled vessel must comply with the provisions of this

subpart.

Sec. 182.610 Main steering gear.

(a) A vessel must be provided with a main steering gear that is:

(1) Of adequate strength and capable of steering the vessel at all

service speeds;

(2) Designed to operate at maximum astern speed without being

damaged or jammed; and

(3) Capable of moving the rudder from 35 degrees on one side to 30

degrees on the other side in not more than 28 seconds with the vessel

moving ahead at maximum service speed.

(b) Control of the main steering gear, including control of any

necessary associated devices (motor, pump, valve, etc.), must be

provided from the operating station.

the main steering gear or control to the auxiliary means of steering

required by Sec. 182.620 can be achieved rapidly. Any tools or

equipment necessary to make the transfer must be readily available.

(d) The operating station must be arranged to permit the person

steering to have the best possible all around vision.

(e) Strong and effective rudder stops must be provided to prevent

jamming and damage to the rudder and its fittings. These stops may be

structural or internal to the main steering gear.

(f) In addition to meeting the requirements of paragraphs (a) thru

(e) of this section, a vessel with a power driven main steering gear

must be provided with the following:

(1) A visual means, located at the operating station, to indicate

operation of the power units;

(2) Instructions for transfer procedures from the main steering

gear or control to the auxiliary means of steering required by

Sec. 182.620, posted at the location where the transfer is carried out;

(3) A disconnect switch located in the steering compartment, and

instantaneous short circuit protection for electrical power and control

circuits sized and located in accordance with Secs. 111.93-11 (d) and

(e) of this chapter. Overload protection is prohibited;

(4) An independent rudder angle indicator at the operating station;

(5) An arrangement that automatically resumes operation, without

reset, when power is restored after a power failure;

(6) A manual means to center and steady the rudder(s) in an

emergency;

(7) A limit switch to stop the steering gear before it reaches the

rudder stops required by paragraph (e) of this section.

Sec. 182.620 Auxiliary means of steering.

(a) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, a vessel

must be provided with an auxiliary means of steering that is:

(1) Of adequate strength;

(2) Capable of moving the rudder from 15 degrees on one side to 15

degrees on the other side in not more than 60 seconds with the vessel

at one-half its maximum service speed ahead, or 7 knots, whichever is

greater; and

(3) Controlled from a location that permits safe maneuvering of the

vessel and does not expose the person operating the auxiliary means of

steering to personnel hazards during normal or heavy weather operation.

(b) A suitable hand tiller may be acceptable as the auxiliary means

of steering where satisfactory to the Officer in Charge, Marine

Inspection.

(1) The main steering gear and its controls are provided in

duplicate;

(2) Multiple screw propulsion, with independent pilothouse control

for each screw, is provided, and the vessel is capable of being steered

using pilothouse control;

(3) No regular rudder is fitted and steering action is obtained by

a change of setting of the propelling unit; or

(4) Where a rudder and hand tiller are the main steering gear.

Subpart G--Piping Systems

Sec. 182.700 General.

Materials used in piping systems must meet the requirements of this

subpart and be otherwise acceptable to the Officer in Charge, Marine

Inspection.

Sec. 182.710 Piping for vital systems.

(a) Vital systems are those systems which are vital to a vessel's

survivability and safety. For the purpose of this part the following

are vital systems:

(1) Fuel system;

(2) Fire main;

(3) CO2 and Halon systems;

(4) Bilge system;

(5) Steering system;

(6) Propulsion system and its necessary auxiliaries and controls;

(7) Ship's service and emergency electrical generation system and

its necessary auxiliaries; and

(8) A marine engineering system identified by the cognizant OCMI as

being crucial to the survival of the vessel or to the protection of the

personnel on board.

(b) For the purpose of this part, a system not identified in

paragraph (a) of this section is a non-vital system.

(1) Be composed of ferrous materials except when:

(i) Nonmetallic piping materials are permitted by Sec. 182.720; or

(ii) Nonferrous metallic piping materials are permitted by

Sec. 182.730; and

(2) If subject to a pressure of more than 150 psi, be designed,

fabricated, and inspected in accordance with the principles of ANSI

B31.1 or another industry standard acceptable to the Commandant.

Sec. 182.715 Piping subject to more than 150 psi in non-vital systems.

Piping subject to more than 150 psi in a non-vital system must be

designed, fabricated, and inspected in accordance with the principles

of ANSI B31.1 or other industry standard acceptable to the Commandant.

Sec. 182.720 Nonmetallic piping materials.

(a) Rigid nonmetallic materials (plastic) may be used only in non-

vital systems and in accordance with paragraphs (c) and (d) of this

section.

(b) Flexible nonmetallic materials (hose) may be used in vital and

non-vital systems where permitted by paragraph (e) of this section.

systems. Flexible nonmetallic materials (hose) may be used where

permitted by paragraph (e) of this section.

(d) Where rigid nonmetallic material (plastic) is permitted for use

in piping systems by this section, the following restrictions apply:

(1) Penetrations of required watertight decks and bulkheads by any

rigid plastic pipe are prohibited unless the following requirements are

met:

(i) Each penetration must be accomplished using an acceptable

metallic through deck or through bulkhead fitting which is welded or

otherwise attached to the bulkhead or deck by an accepted method; and

(ii) One or more metallic shutoff valves must be installed adjacent

to the fitting in one of the following ways:

(A) Only one metallic shutoff valve must be installed if it is

operable from above the bulkhead deck;

(B) If two metallic shutoff valves are installed, one on either

side of the bulkhead, they need not be operable from above the bulkhead

deck provided immediate access to both is possible; or

which penetrates a bulkhead, and the two materials exist entirely on

opposite sides of the bulkhead, a metallic shutoff valve must be

installed at the bulkhead in the metallic part of the system, with the

valve being capable of operation from above the bulkhead deck, or

locally if immediate access is possible;

(2) Protection from mechanical damage must be specifically

considered and all protective covering or shields must be installed to

the satisfaction of the Officer in Charge, Marine Inspection;

(3) Through hull fittings and shutoff valves must be metallic. In

the case of nonmetallic hulls, materials which will afford an equal

degree of safety and heat resistivity as that afforded by the hull may

be approved; and

(4) The material specification must show that the rigid nonmetallic

material possesses characteristics adequate for its intended service

and environment and must be approved for use by the Officer in Charge,

Marine Inspection.

(e) Where flexible nonmetallic hose is permitted for use in piping

systems by this section, it must meet SAE Standard J1942 or be

specifically approved by the Commandant. The following restrictions

apply.

(1) Flexible nonmetallic hose must be complete with factory-

assembled end fittings requiring no further adjustment of the fittings

on the hose, or field attachable type fittings may be used. Hose end

fittings must comply with SAE J-1475. Field attachable fittings must be

installed following the manufacturer's recommended practice. If special

equipment is required, such as crimping machines, it must be of the

type and design specified by the manufacturer. If field attachable type

fittings are used, each hose assembly must be individually

hydrostatically tested to twice the rated pressure stamped thereon;

(2) Flexible nonmetallic hose may be used in non-vital water and

pneumatic systems, subject to the limitations of paragraph (d)(1)

through (d)(4) of this section. Unreinforced hoses are limited to a

maximum service pressure of 50 psi, reinforced hoses are limited to a

maximum service pressure of 150 psi; and

(3) Flexible nonmetallic hose may be used in lube oil, fuel oil and

fluid power systems, subject to the following requirements:

(i) Flexible hose may only be used at a pressure not to exceed the

manufacturer's rating and must have a high resistance to saltwater,

petroleum oils, and vibration;

(ii) Flexible hose runs must be visible, easily accessible, and

must not penetrate watertight bulkheads;

(iii) Flexible hose must be fabricated with an inner tube and a

cover of synthetic rubber or other suitable material reinforced with

wire braid;

(iv) Flexible hose used for alcohol-gasoline blend fuels must meet

the permeability requirements specified in 33 CFR part 183, subpart J;

and

(v) Flexible hose installed in lengths of not more than 30 inches

for the purpose of flexibility only, and subject to pressures of not

more than 5 pounds per square inch, may meet the following

requirements:

(A) Suitable compression type connection fittings may be accepted;

(B) Flexible hose designed for use with hose clamps may be

installed with two clamps, at both ends of the hose, which:

(1) Do not rely on the spring tension of the clamp for compressive

force; and

(2) Are installed beyond the bead or flare or over the serrations

of the mating spud, pipe, or hose fitting; and

accordance with 33 CFR part 183, subpart J.

Sec. 182.730 Nonferrous metallic piping materials.

(a) Nonferrous metallic piping materials are acceptable for use in

the following:

(1) Non-vital systems;

(2) Aluminum fuel piping, if of a minimum of schedule 80 wall

thickness on an aluminum hulled vessel and located outside the

machinery space;

(3) Aluminum bilge, ballast, and firemain piping on an aluminum

hulled vessel;

(4) If acceptable to the cognizant OCMI, nonferrous metallic piping

with a melting temperature above 1700 deg.F may be used in vital

systems that are deemed to be galvanically compatible; and

(5) Other uses specifically accepted by the cognizant OCMI.

(b) Where nonferrous metallic material is permitted for use in

piping systems by this subpart, the restrictions in this paragraph

apply:

(1) Provisions must be made to protect piping systems using

aluminum alloys in high risk fire areas

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