DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

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June 9, 2026

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R48979

SUMMARY

DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

On April 3, 2026, President Donald Trump’s Administration released its budget request for

FY2027, including $118.39 billion in total budget authority for the Department of Homeland

Security (DHS).

DHS is the third largest agency in the federal government in terms of civilian personnel. Its

appropriations bill is the only one of the twelve annual measures that funds a single agency

exclusively and in its entirety.

R48979

June 9, 2026

William L. Painter

Specialist in Homeland

Security and

Appropriations

The FY2027 budget request was the second budget proposal delivered by the second Trump

Administration. It was released 27 days before the enactment of the DHS Appropriations Act, 2026, which was Division A of

P.L. 119-86. Many of the proposals in the FY2026 budget request are reiterated in the FY2027 budget request, as the

Administration considered those issues unresolved (FY2026 appropriations for DHS were finalized after the delivery of the

budget).

This report provides an overview of the FY2027 annual budget request for DHS. It provides a component-level analysis of

the appropriations requested for FY2027, and puts the requested appropriations in context with the FY2025 and FY2026

enacted and FY2026 requested appropriations, to the extent possible.

The FY2027 budget request for DHS includes $99.39 billion in gross discretionary budget authority, up $1.45 billion from

the budget request for FY2026. When the $28.38 billion in funding requested for the costs of major disasters (which receives

special budgetary treatment) is set aside, the remainder of the discretionary request is $0.46 billion below the FY2026 budget

request. The $28.38 billion request represents the largest amount of annual appropriations ever requested for the Disaster

Relief Fund.

Some of the other major drivers of change from the FY2026 request included:

•

a 5,364-position staffing reduction for the Transportation Security Administration (TSA), the budget for

which was further offset by a legislative proposal to provide TSA an additional $1.68 billion in budget

authority by providing it the full resources of the Aviation Security Passenger Fee (previous similar

proposals similar by this and previous administrations have been unsuccessful);

•

a $766 million reduction in requested funding for U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), due

to the use of FY2025 reconciliation funding to pay for ICE’s detention and transportation and removal

costs;

•

a proposed reorganization of DHS headquarters elements, merging the DHS Management Directorate and

Intelligence, Analysis and Situational Awareness functions into the Office of the Secretary and Executive

Management; and

•

a $1.46 billion increase for U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) Operations and Support, including $558 million to

cover annualization of pay and benefits from prior year initiatives and a 5% to 7% pay increase for USCG

military personnel in FY2027. There is no pay increase proposed in FY2027 for DHS civilian personnel.

The FY2027 budget request only presents a portion of the resources available to DHS. The FY2025 reconciliation measure,

P.L. 119-21, provided $191.02 billion in mandatory appropriations, almost all of which was made available through FY2029.

This funding was provided for a range of purposes to seven DHS components. While public information on the specific

spending plans for those resources has been limited, this report uses the FY2027 request documentation and public reporting

of obligations to identify what resources have been used by DHS and what resources remain available to it.

Information on the appropriations committees’ responses to the Administration’s budget request is to be made available in

future products.

Congressional Research Service

DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

Contents

Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1

Data Sources and Caveats ......................................................................................................... 1

Caveats for Analysis.................................................................................................................. 1

DHS Budget Structure ..................................................................................................................... 2

Types of DHS Appropriations ......................................................................................................... 4

Overview of Component-Level Changes ........................................................................................ 7

Comparing the FY2027 Request to Prior-Year Funding and Staffing Levels ........................... 7

Funding ............................................................................................................................... 7

Civilian Staffing .................................................................................................................. 7

FY2025 Reconciliation ....................................................................................................... 8

Component-Level Analysis ............................................................................................................. 9

Law Enforcement Operational Components (Title II) .............................................................. 9

U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) ....................................................................... 9

U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) ......................................................... 12

Transportation Security Administration (TSA) ................................................................. 15

U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) ................................................................................................ 17

U.S. Secret Service (USSS) .............................................................................................. 20

Incident Response and Recovery (Title III) ............................................................................ 23

Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) .............................................. 23

Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) .......................................................... 25

Support Components (Title IV) ............................................................................................... 29

U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) ....................................................... 29

Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers (FLETC) ..................................................... 31

Science and Technology Directorate (S&T) ..................................................................... 34

Office of Countering Weapons of Mass Destruction (CWMD) ........................................ 36

Headquarters Components (Title I) ......................................................................................... 38

Revised Office of the Secretary and Executive Management (OSEM) ............................ 38

Elements of Revised OSEM ............................................................................................. 42

Office of the Inspector General (OIG) .............................................................................. 45

Figures

Figure 1. FY2027 Budget Request Structure................................................................................... 3

Figure 2. FY2027 DHS Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority Request by

Category and Component ............................................................................................................. 6

Figure 3. CBP Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority ........................................................ 9

Figure 4. CBP FY2025 Reconciliation Funding............................................................................. 11

Figure 5. CBP Staffing, FY2016-FY2027 ...................................................................................... 11

Figure 6. ICE Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority ....................................................... 12

Figure 7. ICE FY2025 Reconciliation Funding ............................................................................ 13

Figure 8. ICE Staffing, FY2016-FY2027 ...................................................................................... 14

Figure 9. TSA Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority ...................................................... 15

Figure 10. TSA Staffing, FY2016-FY2027 ................................................................................... 16

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DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

Figure 11. USCG Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority ................................................. 17

Figure 12. USCG FY2025 Reconciliation Funding ...................................................................... 18

Figure 13. USCG Civilian Staffing, FY2016-FY2027 .................................................................. 19

Figure 14. USSS Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority .................................................. 20

Figure 15. USSS FY2025 Reconciliation Funding ....................................................................... 21

Figure 16. USSS Staffing, FY2016-FY2027 ................................................................................. 22

Figure 17. CISA Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority .................................................. 23

Figure 18. CISA Staffing, FY2016-FY2027 ................................................................................. 24

Figure 19. FEMA Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority ................................................ 25

Figure 20. FEMA FY2025 Reconciliation Funding ...................................................................... 27

Figure 21. FEMA Staffing, FY2016-FY2027 ............................................................................... 28

Figure 22. USCIS Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority ................................................ 29

Figure 23. USCIS Staffing, FY2016-FY2027 ............................................................................... 30

Figure 24. FLETC Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority ............................................... 31

Figure 25. FLETC FY2025 Reconciliation Funding ..................................................................... 32

Figure 26. FLETC Staffing, FY2016-FY2027 .............................................................................. 33

Figure 27. S&T Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority.................................................... 34

Figure 28. S&T Staffing, FY2016-FY2027................................................................................... 35

Figure 29. CWMD Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority .............................................. 36

Figure 30. CWMD Staffing, FY2016-FY2027 ............................................................................. 37

Figure 31. Revised OSEM Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority .................................. 38

Figure 32. OSEM FY2025 Reconciliation Funding ...................................................................... 40

Figure 33. Revised OSEM Staffing, FY2016-FY2027 ................................................................. 41

Figure 34. Traditional OSEM Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority .............................. 42

Figure 35. Traditional MD Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority .................................. 43

Figure 36. Traditional IASA Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority ................................ 44

Figure 37. OIG Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority .................................................... 45

Figure 38. OIG Staffing, FY2016-FY2027 ................................................................................... 46

Tables

Table 1. FY2027 DHS Budget Request by Common Appropriations Structure (CAS) .................. 5

Table A-1. Component-Level Analysis of FY2027 DHS Budget Request .................................... 48

Table A-2. DHS Civilian Staffing, End-of-Fiscal Year Personnel On Board ................................ 50

Table A-3. DHS Funded Civilian Positions ................................................................................... 51

Table A-4. DHS Funded Civilian Full-Time Equivalents.............................................................. 52

Table A-5. Status of P.L. 119-21 Funding ..................................................................................... 53

Table A-6. FEMA Grants and Education, Training, and Exercises ............................................... 54

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DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

Appendixes

Appendix. Data Tables .................................................................................................................. 47

Contacts

Author Information........................................................................................................................ 56

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DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

Introduction

On April 3, 2026, President Donald Trump’s Administration released its budget request for

FY2027, including $118.39 billion in total budget authority for the Department of Homeland

Security (DHS). DHS is the third largest agency in the federal government, with roughly 272,000

civilian and military personnel. Its appropriations bill is the only one of the twelve annual

measures that funds a single agency exclusively and in its entirety.

The FY2027 budget request was the second budget proposed by the second Trump

Administration. It was released 27 days before the enactment of the DHS Appropriations Act,

2026, which was Division A of P.L. 119-86. Many of the proposals in the FY2026 budget request

are reiterated in the FY2027 budget request, as the Administration considered those issues

unresolved at the time the DHS budget was finalized.

P.L. 119-86 did not include annual appropriations for the U.S. Border Patrol or U.S. Immigration

and Customs Enforcement. While some of the operations of these elements of DHS were funded

through the $191.02 billion provided in the FY2025 reconciliation measure (P.L. 119-21),

finalization of annual funding for those elements remains before Congress.

This report provides an overview of the FY2027 annual budget request for DHS. It provides a

component-level analysis of the appropriations requested for FY2027, and puts the requested

appropriations in context with the FY2025 and FY2026 enacted and FY2026 requested

appropriations, to the extent possible. This report also uses the FY2027 request documentation

and public reporting of obligations to identify what FY2025 reconciliation resources have been

used by DHS and what resources remain available to it.

For more information on the current status of FY2026 DHS appropriations, see CRS Report

R48874, Department of Homeland Security Appropriations: FY2026 State of Play, by William L.

Painter.

Data Sources and Caveats

The data reflected in the figures and tables are drawn from analysis of the FY2027 DHS Budget

Justifications (as well as those from prior years), the Fiscal Year 2027 Budget of the U.S.

Government: Appendix, the explanatory statement accompanying the FY2026 Department of

Homeland Security Appropriations Act (P.L. 119-86), public information on DHS staffing

provided through the Office of Personnel Management (OPM) website, and public reporting of

apportionment and obligations from the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) website.1

Note: Despite the comparisons presented here, the FY2027 DHS budget request is not directly

responsive to the FY2026 enacted annual appropriations. The baseline for comparison in the

FY2027 request is an annualized continuing resolution for FY2026; annual appropriations for the

U.S. Border Patrol and U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) have yet to be enacted.

Caveats for Analysis

This report compares data developed with the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) scoring

methodology with data developed with the OMB scoring methodology. These two organizations

have technically distinct approaches based on their roles in their respective branches of

1 As the executive branch and legislative branch follow different scorekeeping procedures and, at times, structure

resources differently over the course of discussion, comparisons using these sources will be imprecise to a degree, as

noted in footnote no. 2.

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DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

government. However, their approaches in scoring gross discretionary spending (the primary

measure used in this report) are similar enough that the differences between the two outputs are

relatively small.2

The FY2027 annual budget request and FY2026 annual appropriation were developed and

enacted in a dynamic budgetary environment. Therefore, analytical conclusions should be framed

within the following considerations:

•

The FY2027 budget request was developed without a clear baseline of FY2026

resources, as annual appropriations were still under development.3 Therefore, the

FY2027 request should not necessarily be seen as building upon the FY2026

annual appropriations. Unless otherwise noted, increases and decreases are

described relative to the FY2026 request.

In addition, DHS received $191.02 billion in supplemental funding under P.L.

119-21, the FY2025 reconciliation act. These funds were not provided to

appropriations accounts (as we traditionally see in appropriations bills), but

largely to individual components for specific purposes. OMB has allocated and

reallocated these funds within the various component appropriations. The

Administration has not provided a detailed spending plan for these funds, which

makes comparison of the funding levels for annual appropriations enacted for

FY2025 and FY2026 and requested for FY2027 less informative in some cases.

Separate analytical elements are provided for such funding in most cases; these

rely extensively on DHS’s SF-133 budget activity reports, as presented on the

OMB website.

FY2026 appropriations remain unresolved for the U.S. Border Patrol and U.S.

Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). Information on the negotiated

funding levels for those DHS elements that was provided in H.R. 7147 as it first

passed the House4 is presented, but does not represent a statutorily directed or

congressionally endorsed funding level for those agencies.

DHS Budget Structure

The FY2027 budget request released on April 3, 2026, was the second budget proposal delivered

by the second Trump Administration.

The budget for DHS includes a variety of discretionary and mandatory budget authority. Aside

from standard discretionary spending, some of the discretionary spending in the bill is offset by

collections of fees, reducing the net effect on the general fund of the Treasury.

2 For the FY2025 process, most of the $158 million in gross scoring differences identified by the Office of

Management and Budget (OMB) were the result of $140 million in differences in fee collection estimates for CBP ($84

million) and TSA ($56 million). Differences in scoring methodologies are shown in analyses by OMB required by

Section 251(a)(7) of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit and Control Act of 1985. These reports (known as

“Seven-Day-After” reports) compare OMB and CBO scoring for discretionary appropriations measures, and can be

found on OMB’s website.

3 The budget request documents were released April 3, 2026. The majority of DHS appropriations for FY2026 weren’t

enacted until April 30, 2026.

4 The Senate-amended version of H.R. 7147 was ultimately enacted into law as P.L. 119-86.

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DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

Additionally, a large portion of the funding the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)

receives for the Disaster Relief Fund (DRF) historically carries special budgetary exemptions

from subcommittee allocations and statutory spending limits.5

DHS also draws resources from fee revenues and other collections included in the mandatory

budget, which are not usually referenced in annual appropriations legislation. However, some

mandatory spending items still require an appropriation because there is no dedicated source of

funding to meet the government’s obligations established in law—such as the U.S. Coast Guard

(USCG) retirement accounts.6 Figure 1 shows a breakdown of these different categories from the

FY2027 budget request.

Figure 1. FY2027 Budget Request Structure

Source: Developed by CRS, based on the “Departmental Scorekeeping Table” table in the Department of

Homeland Security Fiscal Year 2027 Congressional Justification, pp. DHS-8 through DHS-26, https://www.dhs.gov/

sites/default/files/2026-04/26_0403_ocfo_fy27-budget-dhs-overview.pdf.

Notes: “Discretionary Appropriations” reflects the offsetting effect of the disaster relief designation, emergency

designation and the fee-funded budget authority shown in the three bars below it. Differences in tracking

methodologies between the “Departmental Scorekeeping Table” and Congressional scoring methodologies

result in these totals not equaling the sum of the components tracked below. Two significant differences are

$408 million in CBP fees that are included in gross discretionary totals by the Administration (and have not been

by Congress), and $38 million for FEMA’s Radiological Emergency Preparedness Program, which has been

included in those same totals by Congress (and not by the Administration). The Administration’s accounting for

appropriated mandatory budget authority includes the Aviation Security Capital Fund (ASCF) and several U.S.

Coast Guard items: Retired Pay, Boat Safety, Maritime Oil Spill Program, and General Gift Fund. Congressional

appropriations tables have only tracked the ASCF and U.S. Coast Guard Retired Pay.

Congress and the Administration may differ on how funding should be structured.

Administrations of both parties have suggested paying for certain activities with fee increases that

would require legislative approval. If fees are not increased, additional discretionary

appropriations would be required to fund the planned activities.

Several observations can be made in the first four categories of discretionary funding:

•

The total gross discretionary request, including disaster relief and emergencydesignated appropriations is $1.45 billion (1.5%) higher than the FY2026

request.

5 Both the special designation for disaster relief funding and the statutory spending limits the designation adjusted,

established by the Budget Control Act (P.L. 112-25), expired at the end of FY2021. Congress has chosen to extend that

flexibility in subsequent fiscal years, and could continue to do so.

6 For a further discussion of these terms and concepts, see CRS Report R46240, Introduction to the Federal Budget

Process, by James V. Saturno.

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DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

•

When the $28.38 billion in funding requested for the costs of major disasters—

which receives special budgetary treatment—is set aside, the remainder of the

discretionary request7 is $0.46 billion (0.6%) below the FY2026 budget request.

The FY2027 request also includes an increase of $1.91 billion (7.2%) above the

FY2026 requested level of disaster relief-designated discretionary appropriations

for the DRF.

• The $28.38 billion request represents the largest amount of annual

appropriations ever requested for the Disaster Relief Fund.

• For the sixth year in a row, the annual appropriations request for the DRF

exceeded the discretionary appropriations request for any DHS component—

it is more than the budgets for ICE and the Transportation Security

Administration (TSA) combined.

• The $28.38 billion request for the DRF is more than six times larger than the

rest of FEMA’s requested discretionary budget.

The Administration also proposes $8.05 billion in fee-funded discretionary

budget authority (offsetting collections), a $212 million (2.7%) increase from the

FY2026 requested level:

• The request includes $4.65 billion in offsetting collections for TSA from the

Aviation Security Passenger Fee ($1.68 billion of which would require

legislation).8

• The next largest element of the offsetting collections after aviation security is

the Federal Protective Service (FPS), which is entirely funded by fees

collected from the government agencies whose facilities FPS protects. The

$2.03 billion FY2027 request matches the FY2026 requested level.

Types of DHS Appropriations

In FY2017, at congressional direction, DHS implemented a Common Appropriations Structure

(CAS), reorganizing most DHS discretionary appropriations into four uniform categories:

1. Operations and Support (O&S), which generally covers operating salaries and

expenses;

2. Procurement, Construction, and Improvements (PC&I), which funds

planning, development, engineering, purchase, and deployment of assets to

support component missions;

3. Research and Development (R&D), which provides resources needed to

identify, explore, and demonstrate new technologies and capabilities to support

component missions; and

4. Federal Assistance (FA), which supports grant funding managed by DHS

components.

7 As described, from the figure above, the remainder encompasses discretionary appropriations plus offset and fee-

funded discretionary budget authority.

8 Under P.L. 113-67, a portion of the Aviation Security Passenger Fee is redirected to deficit reduction. The

Administration has requested that the statutory redirection be repealed. U.S. Department of Homeland Security,

Transportation Security Administration, Fiscal Year 2027 Congressional Justification, April 3, 2026, pp. TSA-APSF3. All DHS congressional justifications are available at https://www.dhs.gov/publication/congressional-budgetjustification-fiscal-year-fy-2027.

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DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

Some DHS appropriations do not fit the CAS categories. For instance, FEMA’s Disaster Relief

Fund is a unique discretionary appropriation that has been preserved separately, in part due to the

history of the high level of public and congressional interest in that particular structure.9

Of the $99.34 billion in gross discretionary budget authority requested for DHS in FY2027,

$95.16 billion (95.8%) falls into the four CAS categories and the DRF.10

The CAS structure allows for a quick survey of the level of departmental investment in these

broad categories of spending through the appropriations process.11 Table 1 shows the values of

the four CAS categories and the DRF from all DHS components, and expresses that value as a

share of appropriations in those five categories.

Table 1. FY2027 DHS Budget Request by Common Appropriations Structure (CAS)

(Thousands of dollars in budget authority)

CAS Category

Amount

Operations and Support

$60,869,778

61.27%

Disaster Relief Fund

$28,379,000

28.57%

Procurement, Construction, and

Improvements

$2,947,858

2.97%

Federal Assistance

$2,592,148

2.61%

$375,462

0.38%

$4,179,977

4.21%

Research and Development

Other

Source: Developed by CRS, based on the “Departmental Scorekeeping Table” table in the Department of

Homeland Security Fiscal Year 2027 Congressional Justification, pp. DHS-8 through DHS-26, https://www.dhs.gov/

sites/default/files/2026-04/26_0403_ocfo_fy27-budget-dhs-overview.pdf.

Notes: Numbers do not include advance appropriations or reconciliation funding. The total share percentage

exceeds 100% due to rounding.

A visual representation of this data follows in Figure 2. On the left are the four appropriations

categories of the CAS, plus the DRF and a catch-all “other” category for discretionary spending

not included in these activity types.12 A black bar represents (to scale) the FY2027 funding levels

requested for DHS for each category. Colored lines flow to the DHS components listed on the

right showing the amount of funding requested in each category to each component. An asterisk

notes three components the Administration proposed combining into a revised and expanded

“Office of the Secretary and Executive Management” appropriation.

9 Additional information on the DHS Common Appropriations Structure (CAS) and other DHS appropriations, can be

found in “The DHS Common Appropriations Structure” section of CRS Report R45268, Department of Homeland

Security Appropriations: FY2019.

10 Roughly half of the gross discretionary budget authority not included in the CAS structure or Disaster Relief Fund

for FY2027 is the Federal Protective Service (FPS), whose appropriations are fully offset by fees.

11 While all DHS components have an Operations and Support (O&S) appropriation, not all components receive

appropriations of each type. All DHS operational components and some DHS support and headquarters components

have a Procurement, Construction, and Improvements (PC&I) appropriation. Research and Development (R&D)

appropriations are less common, and only a handful of components have Federal Assistance (FA) appropriations.

12 Included in the “other” category are certain appropriations fully offset by fee collections and permanent indefinite

discretionary spending (i.e., U.S. Customs and Border Protection small airport user fee and U.S. Coast Guard

contributions for health care costs of its Medicare-eligible personnel).

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DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

Figure 2. FY2027 DHS Annual Gross Discretionary Budget

Authority Request by Category and Component

Source: Developed by CRS, based on the “Departmental Scorekeeping Table” table in the Department of

Homeland Security Fiscal Year 2027 Congressional Justification, pp. DHS-8 through DHS-26, https://www.dhs.gov/

sites/default/files/2026-04/26_0403_ocfo_fy27-budget-dhs-overview.pdf.

Notes: FEMA = Federal Emergency Management Agency; CBP = U.S. Customs and Border Protection; USCG =

U.S. Coast Guard; TSA = Transportation Security Administration; ICE = U.S. Immigration and Customs

Enforcement; MD = Management Directorate; CISA = Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency; USSS =

U.S. Secret Service; ST = Science and Technology Directorate; USCIS = U.S. Citizenship and Immigration

Services; CWMD = Countering Weapons of Mass Destruction Office; FLETC = Federal Law Enforcement

Training Centers; IASA = Intelligence, Analysis, and Situational Awareness; OSEM = Office of the Secretary and

Executive Management; OIG = Office of Inspector General. * = indicates components combined in a proposed

new consolidated Office of the Executive Secretary and Executive Management component.

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DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

Overview of Component-Level Changes

Comparing the FY2027 Request to Prior-Year Funding and Staffing

Levels

The following summaries of the budget requests for the selected DHS components are drawn

from a survey of the DHS FY2027 Budget Overview Congressional Justification and the budget

justifications for each component.

Funding

Each component summary begins with a figure showing two comparisons:

•

The first outlines the gross discretionary funding request for FY2027, annual

enacted level for FY2026, funding request for FY2026, and funding level

provided in the FY2025 full-year CR. The share of each component is shown as a

black bar within the whole of DHS. The data label on the left of the bar shows

the requisite level for the component (the black portion of the bar), and the label

on the right shows the level for the remainder of DHS (the gray portion of the

bar). Table A-1 shows the underlying data for these comparisons.

The second outlines the composition of gross discretionary funding levels for the

component by CAS appropriations category (as described above) in the request

for FY2027, annual enacted level for FY2026, request for FY2026, and FY2025

full-year CR.

The amounts shown in each figure include all new gross discretionary spending requested or

enacted for each component. These amounts do not include supplemental appropriations or

mandatory funding (such as funding from collected fees that have appropriations in permanent

law).

DHS and Pay Raises

Each component’s Operations and Support appropriation includes discretionary funding for pay. The

Administration requested a military pay increase ranging from 5% to 7% for 2027, but no pay raise was proposed

for the civilian workforce. However, annualization of pay and benefits changes from previous years affects each

component’s budget the first full year after it was provided.13 Descriptions of each Operations and Support

appropriation note the impact of these pay and benefits changes to distinguish between pay adjustments and other

operational funding shifts.

Civilian Staffing

Each component summary also includes a figure providing information on historical staffing and

the budget request. The figures show the component’s FY2027 proposed number of funded

positions and full-time equivalents (FTE)14 compared to those for FYs 2016 to 2025 (as reported

in the budget requests), as well as the actual year-end staffing levels according to OPM. The latest

OPM staffing level for each component (as of the end of March 2026) is reported in the FY2026

13 Pay increases cover the calendar year, rather the fiscal year.

14 The term “full-time equivalents” is a measure of work equal to 2,080 hours per year. This is distinct from positions,

which is a measure of the number of employees on board or to be hired. For more information, see CRS Report

R43590, Federal Workforce Statistics Sources: OPM and OMB, by Carol Wilson.

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DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

column, and is distinguished by a patterned fill.15 Table A-2, Table A-3, and Table A-4 show the

underlying data for these figures.

FY2025 Reconciliation

As noted above, DHS received $191.02 billion in multi-year budget authority through P.L. 11921. The availability of these resources has affected the funding requirements for several DHS

components.16

For the seven DHS components that received funding in the FY2025 reconciliation package, an

additional graphic is provided to show the funding levels as reported through the FY2027 Budget

Appendix and through OMB public reporting of obligations in DHS’s SF-133 Report on Budget

Execution and Budgetary Resources.17 As funding was provided for specific purposes (rather than

by appropriation), and budget authority has been reapportioned between some of those

appropriations accounts, appropriations for Operations and Support (O&S) and Procurement,

Construction, and Improvement (PC&I) accounts are shown combined.

Table A-5 shows the underlying data.

15 In FY2025, OPM transitioned from the FedScope system of public reporting on the federal civilian workforce to

OPM Federal Workforce Data (FWD). OPM is continuing to roll out new features for FWD, and some observers have

expressed concern that some inconsistencies may exist in data sets drawn from the two systems.

16 For additional discussion of DHS funding through P.L. 119-21, see CRS Report R48704, Understanding the FY2026

DHS Budget Request, by William L. Painter.

17 SF-133 Reports on Budget Execution and Budgetary Resources fulfil a statutory requirement that the President

review federal expenditures at least four times a year. These reports, while presented on the OMB portion of the White

House website, is developed and presented by the agencies, rather than OMB. The reports are available at

https://portal.max.gov/portal/document/SF133/Budget/FACTS%20II%20%20SF%20133%20Report%20on%20Budget%20Execution%20and%20Budgetary%20Resources.html.

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DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

Component-Level Analysis

Law Enforcement Operational Components (Title II)

U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP)

Figure 3. CBP Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority

Source: CRS analysis of the CBP Fiscal Year 2027 Congressional Justification, Fiscal Year 2027 Budget of the U.S.

Government: Appendix, and the explanatory statement accompanying the FY2026 Department of Homeland

Security Appropriations Act (P.L. 119-86), https://www.appropriations.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/

fy26_homeland_security_report.pdf.

Notes: FY2026 Enacted level does not include Operations and Support appropriations for Border Security

Operations. Amounts do not include the effects of transfers, mandatory spending for fee-funded programs,

offsetting collections, or advance or supplemental appropriations (including FY2025 reconciliation funding).

“Other” appropriations include COBRA Free Trade Agreement collections and Global Entry user fees

appropriated to CBP and permanent indefinite discretionary spending for CBP services at facilities that pay user

fees.

Analysis of the budget request for CBP is complicated not only by the fact that the Administration

made its FY2027 budget request before the enactment of the FY2026 DHS appropriations act, but

that the enacted funding level did not include Operations and Support funding for the U.S. Border

Patrol. $6.64 billion of U.S. Border Patrol funding was removed from H.R. 7147 to help clear the

path for the measure through the Senate.18

18 See, for example, Ted Barrett and Morgan Rimmer, “Senate unanimously moves to fund most of DHS, except ICE

and border patrol, in rare overnight session,” CNN.com, March 27, 2026, https://www.cnn.com/2026/03/27/politics/

senate-agreement-dhs-funding.

Congressional Research Service

DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

The Administration’s $18.897 billion gross annual appropriations request for CBP was $859

million (4.3%) below the FY2026 requested level, and $1.142 billion (5.7%) below the level of

the FY2025 continuing resolution. The FY2027 annual appropriations request included

•

$714 million (3.9%) less than was requested for FY2026 for CBP Operations and

Support (O&S). The FY2027 request included $173 million to cover

annualization of hiring, $338 million to cover increases in pay costs, and $325

million to cover increased non-pay costs. These were offset in part by a proposal

to use fee revenues (rather than discretionary funding) to pay $557 million in

personnel costs.19

$167 million (21.8%) less than was requested for FY2026 for CBP Procurement,

Construction, and Improvements (PC&I). The primary driver of this change from

the FY2026 requested level was the removal of $244 million in Border Security

Assets and Infrastructure funding from the request, as well as a $160 million

reduction in Construction and Facility Improvements.

In assessing the adequacy of the CBP request, one may consider that the FY2026 enacted

measure transferred certain activities to CBP from CWMD: $4 million in O&S for radiation

portal monitor mission support and $36 million for procurement of large-scale radiation detection

systems in PC&I. CBP also was transferred $2 million for portable radiation detection systems.20

For many activities, reductions in the budget request are offset by resources provided in P.L. 11921. In CBP’s case, $64.73 billion in FY2025 reconciliation funding has been divided between

O&S and PC&I appropriations, but some funding has been shifted between the accounts. Figure

4 provides a visual comparison of planned obligations reported in the FY2027 Budget Appendix

and actual obligations shown in DHS’s SF-133 budget activity reports.

The FY2027 Budget Appendix indicates $48.01 billion in obligations were planned for FY2026

($1.43 billion in O&S and $46.67 billion in PC&I), and $5.45 billion were planned for FY2027

($1.64 billion in O&S and $3.80 billion in PC&I). Approximately $41.46 billion of the projected

obligations for FY2026 are for Border Security Assets and Infrastructure activities. Budget

execution reporting indicates that $22.44 billion has been obligated so far in FY2026, on top of

$5.41 billion obligated in FY2025.

19 U.S. Department of Homeland Security, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Fiscal Year 2027 Congressional

Justification, April 3, 2026, p. CBP-OS-5. All DHS congressional justifications are available at https://www.dhs.gov/

publication/congressional-budget-justification-fiscal-year-fy-2027.

20 “Explanatory Statement Submitted by Mr. Cole, Chair of the House of Representatives Committee on

Appropriations, Regarding H.R. 7148, Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2026; and H.R. 7147, Department of

Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2026,” Congressional Record, vol. 172, part 15 (January 22, 2026), p. H1664

(hereinafter “Explanatory Statement”). Most of these costs appear to have been covered in the Administration’s

request, but the organization of the activities is not wholly consistent.

Congressional Research Service

DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

Figure 4. CBP FY2025 Reconciliation Funding

Source: CRS analysis of the FY2027 Budget Appendix and SF-133 Reports on Budgetary Execution and Budgetary

Resources.

Notes: Due to deobligations and adjustments, total resources reported in SF-133s may not align precisely with

those reported in the Appendix.

Figure 5 provides a historical comparison between actual staffing levels for CBP and the number

of funded positions and FTE, including part-year actual staffing data for FY2026.

Figure 5. CBP Staffing, FY2016-FY2027

Source: CRS analysis of budget justification documents and data from the Office of Personnel Management

(OPM) Federal Workforce Data (FWD) website. “Actual Staffing” data are from OPM FWD: those for FY2016FY2025 are end-of-year values, while FY2026 is as of the end of March 2026. Funded Positions and Funded FTE

data are from FY2018-FY2027 DHS Congressional Justification documents.

Notes: * FY2026 represents part-year data for actual staffing. Final data on funded positions and FTE are not

available yet for FY2026. In all cases, funded positions and FTE only reflect those documented in the annual

appropriations request.

Congressional Research Service

DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE)

Figure 6. ICE Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority

Source: CRS analysis of the ICE Fiscal Year 2027 Congressional Justification, Fiscal Year 2027 Budget of the U.S.

Government: Appendix, and the explanatory statement accompanying the FY2026 Department of Homeland

Security Appropriations Act (P.L. 119-86).

Notes: Amounts do not include the effects of transfers, mandatory spending for fee-funded programs, offsetting

collections, or advance or supplemental appropriations.

As in the case of CBP, analysis of the budget request for ICE is complicated not only by the fact

that the Administration made its FY2027 budget request before the enactment of the FY2026

DHS appropriations act, but that the enacted measure did not include FY2026 funding for ICE.

An estimated $10.04 billion of ICE funding was removed from H.R. 7147 to help clear the path

for the measure through the Senate.21

The Administration’s $10.04 billion FY2027 gross annual appropriations request for ICE was

$839 million (7.7%) below its FY2026 requested level, and even with the level of the FY2025

continuing resolution. The FY2027 annual appropriations request included

•

$799 million (7.4%) less than was requested for FY2026 for ICE Operations and

Support (O&S). The FY2027 request included $190 million to cover

annualization of past pay raises, and $364 million in non-pay cost increases.22

21 See, for example, Ted Barrett and Morgan Rimmer, “Senate unanimously moves to fund most of DHS, except ICE

and border patrol, in rare overnight session,” CNN.com, March 27, 2026, https://www.cnn.com/2026/03/27/politics/

senate-agreement-dhs-funding.

22 U.S. Department of Homeland Security, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Fiscal Year 2027

Congressional Justification, April 3, 2026, p. ICE-O&S-6. All DHS congressional justifications are available at

https://www.dhs.gov/publication/congressional-budget-justification-fiscal-year-fy-2027.

Congressional Research Service

DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

•

The Administration requested no funding in FY2027 for ICE Procurement,

Construction, and Improvements (PC&I), $40 million less than was requested for

FY2026 for ICE Procurement, Construction, and Improvements.

These reductions are offset for many activities by resources provided in P.L. 119-21. The $74.8

billion in FY2025 reconciliation funding for ICE has been divided between its O&S and PC&I

appropriations, but some of this funding has been shifted between the two accounts. In terms of

details, the ICE O&S appropriations justification specifically notes the plan to use FY2025

reconciliation funding to offset $416 million in detention costs and $350 million in Transportation

and Removal Operations in FY2027. Figure 7 provides a visual comparison of planned

obligations reported in the FY2027 Budget Appendix and actual obligations shown in DHS’s SF133 budget activity reports.

The FY2027 Budget Appendix indicates $35.89 billion in obligations were planned for FY2026

($35.33 billion in O&S and $564 million in PC&I), and $20.38 billion were planned for FY2027

(all in O&S). Budget execution reporting indicates that $11.46 billion has been obligated so far in

FY2026 ($5.62 billion in O&S and $5.85 billion in PC&I), on top of $1.14 billion in O&S

obligations in FY2025.

Figure 7. ICE FY2025 Reconciliation Funding

Source: CRS analysis of the FY2027 Budget Appendix and SF-133 Reports on Budgetary Execution and Budgetary

Resources.

Notes: Due to deobligations and adjustments, total resources reported in SF-133s may not align precisely with

those reported in the Appendix.

Figure 8 provides a historical comparison between actual staffing levels for ICE and the number

of funded positions and FTE, including part-year actual staffing data for FY2026.

Congressional Research Service

DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

Figure 8. ICE Staffing, FY2016-FY2027

Source: CRS analysis of budget justification documents and data from the Office of Personnel Management

data are from FY2018-FY2027 DHS Congressional Justification documents.

Notes: * FY2026 represents part-year data for actual staffing. Final data on funded positions and FTE are not

available yet for FY2026. In all cases, funded positions and FTE only reflect those documented in the annual

appropriations request.

Actual staffing exceeded funded positions and FTE beginning in FY2025 as the FY2025

reconciliation package funded a hiring surge of ICE personnel.

Congressional Research Service

DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

Transportation Security Administration (TSA)

Figure 9. TSA Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority

Source: CRS analysis of the TSA Fiscal Year 2027 Congressional Justification, Fiscal Year 2027 Budget of the U.S.

Government: Appendix, and the explanatory statement accompanying the FY2026 Department of Homeland

Security Appropriations Act (P.L. 119-86).

Notes: Amounts do not include the effects of transfers, mandatory spending for fee-funded programs, offsetting

collections, or advance or supplemental appropriations. “Other” includes vetting programs that are covered by

fees.

The Administration’s $11.49 billion FY2027 gross annual appropriations request for TSA was

$132 million (1.2%) above the FY2026 requested level, and $356 million (3.2%) above the level

of the FY2025 continuing resolution. The FY2027 annual appropriations request included

•

$82 million (0.8%) less than was requested for FY2026 for TSA Operations and

Support (O&S). The FY2027 request included $118 million to cover net cost

increases in pay and retirement benefits and annualization of pay from prior-year

initiatives. This funding level depends on the enactment of a legislative proposal

that would bring $1.68 billion in additional offsetting revenue to TSA by

eliminating the practice of using a portion of the 9/11 Passenger Security Fee to

reduce the deficit. It also is based on implementing significant reductions in

staffing by privatizing screening at more airports, eliminating TSA staffing of

terminal exit lanes, and other “staffing efficiencies.”23

23 U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Transportation Security Administration, Fiscal Year 2027 Congressional

Justification, April 3, 2026, pp. TSA-O&S-5-6. All DHS congressional justifications are available at

https://www.dhs.gov/publication/congressional-budget-justification-fiscal-year-fy-2027. Future references to this

document are by page number only.

Congressional Research Service

DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

•

$71 million (32.7%) more than was requested for FY2026 for TSA Procurement,

Construction, and Improvements (PC&I). The primary drivers of this change

from the FY2026 requested level were a $41 million increase for checked

baggage screening and $20 million for e-Gates. However, this proposed funding

level is $43 million below the FY2026 funded level, as the FY2026 measure

provided more than $101 million above the request for checkpoint support.

$12 million (34.2%) less than was requested for FY2026 for TSA Research and

Development. This is almost $1 million below the FY2026 enacted funding level.

Figure 10 provides a historical comparison between actual staffing levels for TSA and the

number of funded positions and FTE, including part-year actual staffing data for FY2026.

Figure 10. TSA Staffing, FY2016-FY2027

Source: CRS analysis of budget justification documents and data from the Office of Personnel Management

data are from FY2018-FY2027 DHS Congressional Justification documents.

Notes: * FY2026 represents part-year data for actual staffing. Final data on funded positions and FTE are not

available yet for FY2026. In all cases, funded positions and FTE only reflect those documented in the annual

appropriations request.

As noted above, there are several proposals in the FY2027 budget request that would reduce

funded staffing levels below the level funded in the FY2025 continuing resolution:

•

Eliminating TSA staffing of exit lanes would reduce the number of TSA’s funded

positions and FTE by 836;24

24 p. TSA-O&S-5.

Congressional Research Service

DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

•

Expanding the Screening Partnership Program to all Category III and IV airports

would reduce both the number of TSA’s funded positions and FTE by 4,528;25

and

Identifying and implementing staffing efficiencies would reportedly result in

1,626 fewer funded positions and 3,515 fewer FTE.26

U.S. Coast Guard (USCG)

Figure 11. USCG Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority

Source: CRS analysis of the USCG Fiscal Year 2027 Congressional Justification, Fiscal Year 2027 Budget of the U.S.

Government: Appendix, and the explanatory statement accompanying the FY2026 Department of Homeland

Security Appropriations Act (P.L. 119-86).

Notes: Amounts do not include the effects of transfers, mandatory spending for fee-funded programs, offsetting

collections, or advance or supplemental appropriations. “Other” includes the USCG Housing Fund and

permanent indefinite discretionary funding for the Health Care Fund Contribution.

The Administration’s $14.15 billion FY2027 gross annual appropriations request for USCG was

$968 million (7.3%) above the FY2026 requested level, and $2.02 billion (16.7%) above the level

of the FY2025 continuing resolution. The FY2027 annual appropriations request included

25 p. TSA-O&S-25. Category III airports are FAA-certified airports that serve schedule operations of small air carrier

aircraft, but not large air carrier aircraft (those with 31 seats or more). Category IV airports are FAA-certified airports

that serve only unscheduled operations of large carrier aircraft. See the “Classes of Airports – Part 139 Airport

Certification” for more information (https://www.faa.gov/airports/airport_safety/part139_cert/classes-of-airports).

26 p. TSA-O&S-6.

Congressional Research Service

DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

•

$1.46 billion (13.2%) more than was requested for FY2026 for USCG Operations

and Support. The FY2027 request included $558 million to cover increased pay

and retirement costs and annualization of pay from prior-year initiatives.27

$542 million (31.1%) less than was requested for FY2026 for USCG

Procurement, Construction, and Improvements. The primary driver of this change

from the FY2026 requested level was an $861 million reduction in vessel

procurement, balanced by a $335 million increase in funding for shore facilities

and aids to navigation.

For many programs, the reductions in USCG PC&I are offset for many programs by resources

provided in P.L. 119-21. The $24.59 billion in FY2025 reconciliation funding for the USCG has

been divided between Operations and Support (O&S) and Procurement, Construction, and

Improvement (PC&I) appropriations, but some funding has been shifted between the accounts.

Figure 12 provides a visual comparison of planned obligations reported in the FY2027 Budget

Appendix and actual obligations shown in DHS’s SF-133 budget activity reports.

The FY2027 Budget Appendix indicates $16.3 billion in obligations were planned for FY2026

($940 million in O&S and $15.93 billion in PC&I), and $4.54 billion were planned for FY2027

($1.10 billion in O&S and $3.44 billion in PC&I). Budget execution reporting indicates that

$7.36 billion has been obligated so far in FY2026 ($693 million in O&S and $6.67 billion in

PC&I), on top of $2.29 billion obligated in FY2025.

Figure 12. USCG FY2025 Reconciliation Funding

Source: CRS analysis of the FY2027 Budget Appendix and SF-133 Reports on Budgetary Execution and Budgetary

Resources.

Notes: Due to deobligations and adjustments, total resources reported in SF-133s may not align precisely with

those reported in the Appendix.

Figure 13 provides a historical comparison between actual civilian staffing levels for the USCG

and the number of funded positions and FTE, including part-year actual staffing data for FY2026.

As the OPM Federal Workforce Data System (FWD) system only tracks civilian personnel, this

analysis only examines a portion of the USCG workforce. The FY2025 full-year CR funded

almost 53,000 total positions and 51,600 FTE overall.

The decline in civilian staffing, despite the continued investment in personnel, may be the result

of a variety of factors: Administration policies that either eliminated positions or encouraged

separations, the effect of continuing resolutions on hiring processes, or the extended lapses in

27 U.S. Department of Homeland Security, U.S. Coast Guard, Fiscal Year 2027 Congressional Justification, April 3,

2026, p. USCG-O&S-4. All DHS congressional justifications are available at https://www.dhs.gov/publication/

congressional-budget-justification-fiscal-year-fy-2027. Future references to this document are by page number only.

Congressional Research Service

DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

appropriations could all be contributory. Although USCG military personnel received pay

throughout the lapses in appropriations, USCG civilian personnel were not paid until six weeks

into FY2026 due to the first FY2026 extended lapse in appropriations, and again from February

14th until the beginning of April in the second extended lapse.28

Figure 13. USCG Civilian Staffing, FY2016-FY2027

Source: CRS analysis of budget justification documents and data from the Office of Personnel Management

data are from FY2018-FY2027 DHS Congressional Justification documents.

Notes: * FY2026 represents part-year data for actual staffing. Final data on funded positions and FTE are not

available yet for FY2026. In all cases, funded positions and FTE only reflect those documented in the annual

appropriations request.

28 See, for example, Nicole Sganga, “DHS Kepps Paying Coast Guard Personnel Despite Partial Government

Shutdown,” CBS News, March 17, 2026, https://www.cbsnews.com/news/dhs-keeps-paying-coast-guard-personneldespite-partial-government-shutdown/. For additional details, see CRS Report R48874, Department of Homeland

Security Appropriations: FY2026 State of Play, by William L. Painter.

Congressional Research Service

DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

U.S. Secret Service (USSS)

Figure 14. USSS Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority

Source: CRS analysis of the USSS Fiscal Year 2027 Congressional Justification, Fiscal Year 2027 Budget of the U.S.

Government: Appendix, and the explanatory statement accompanying the FY2026 Department of Homeland

Security Appropriations Act (P.L. 119-86).

Notes: Amounts do not include the effects of transfers, mandatory spending for fee-funded programs, offsetting

collections, or advance or supplemental appropriations.

The Administration’s $3.45 billion FY2027 gross annual appropriations request for the USSS was

$157 million (4.8%) above the FY2026 requested level, and $364 million (11.8%) above the level

of the FY2025 continuing resolution. The FY2027 annual appropriations request included

•

$334 million (11.0%) more than was requested for FY2026 for USSS Operations

and Support. The FY2027 request included a net $80 million increase to cover

increased pay and retirement costs, staffing and pricing adjustments, and

annualization of pay from prior-year initiatives.29

$178 million (69.8%) less than was requested for FY2026 for USSS

Procurement, Construction, and Improvements. The primary driver of this change

from the FY2026 requested level was a $178 million reduction in construction

and facility improvements.

The reduction in USSS PC&I is offset for many activities by resources provided in P.L. 119-21.

The USSS FY2025 reconciliation funding has been divided between Operations and Support

(O&S) and Procurement, Construction, and Improvement (PC&I) appropriations, but some

29 U.S. Department of Homeland Security, U.S. Secret Service, Fiscal Year 2027 Congressional Justification, April 3,

2026, p. USSS-O&S-6. All DHS congressional justifications are available at https://www.dhs.gov/publication/

congressional-budget-justification-fiscal-year-fy-2027. Future references to this document are by page number only.

Congressional Research Service

DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

funding has been shifted between the accounts. Figure 15 provides a visual comparison of

planned obligations reported in the FY2027 Budget Appendix and actual obligations shown in

DHS’s SF-133 budget activity reports.

The structure of the USSS data in the FY2027 Budget Appendix only identifies $39 million in

USSS PC&I obligations in FY2025, and does not present information at a level of detail needed

to analyze FY2026 or FY2027 projected obligations. Budget execution reporting indicates that

$107 million has been obligated thus far in FY2026 ($58 million in O&S and $49 million in

PC&I), on top of the $39 million obligated in FY2025.

Figure 15. USSS FY2025 Reconciliation Funding

Source: CRS analysis of the FY2027 Budget Appendix and SF-133 Reports on Budgetary Execution and Budgetary

Resources.

Notes: Due to deobligations and adjustments, total resources reported in SF-133s may not align precisely with

those reported in the Appendix.

Figure 16 provides a historical comparison between actual staffing levels for USSS and the

number of funded positions and FTE, including part-year actual staffing data for FY2026.

The FY2027 request would fund a significant increase in USSS staffing, adding 520 special agent

positions, 256 Uniform Division positions, and 50 additional Technical Law Enforcement

agents.30

30 p. USSS-O&S-7.

Congressional Research Service

DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

Figure 16. USSS Staffing, FY2016-FY2027

Source: CRS analysis of budget justification documents and data from the Office of Personnel Management

data are from FY2018-FY2027 DHS Congressional Justification documents.

Notes: * FY2026 represents part-year data for actual staffing. Final data on funded positions and FTE are not

available yet for FY2026. In all cases, funded positions and FTE only reflect those documented in the annual

appropriations request.

Congressional Research Service

DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

Incident Response and Recovery (Title III)

Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA)

Figure 17. CISA Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority

Source: CRS analysis of the CISA Fiscal Year 2027 Congressional Justification, Fiscal Year 2027 Budget of the U.S.

Government: Appendix, and the explanatory statement accompanying the FY2026 Department of Homeland

Security Appropriations Act (P.L. 119-86).

Notes: Amounts do not include the effects of transfers, mandatory spending for fee-funded programs, offsetting

collections, or advance or supplemental appropriations.

The Administration’s $2.49 billion FY2027 gross annual appropriations request for CISA was

$109 million (4.6%) above the FY2026 requested level, and $386 million (13.4%) below the level

of the FY2025 continuing resolution. The FY2027 annual appropriations request included

•

$64 million (3.3%) more than was requested for FY2026 for CISA Operations

and Support. The FY2027 request included $41 million to cover increased pay

and retirement costs, technical adjustments, and annualization of pay from prioryear initiatives.31

The same level of funding was requested that had been sought for FY2026 for

CISA Procurement, Construction, and Improvements ($420 million). The primary

driver of this request remains cybersecurity, which makes up more than 95% of

this appropriation.

31 U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, Fiscal Year 2027

Congressional Justification, April 3, 2026, p. CISA-O&S-8. All DHS congressional justifications are available at

https://www.dhs.gov/publication/congressional-budget-justification-fiscal-year-fy-2027. Future references to this

document are by page number only.

Congressional Research Service

DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

•

$44 million was requested for CISA Research and Development—an account that

the Administration had proposed not funding in FY2026, and had received less

than $1 million in FY2025. The driver of this increase is CWMD research and

development activity that the Administration proposed transferring to CISA.

Figure 18 provides a historical comparison between actual staffing levels for CISA and the

number of funded positions and FTE, including part-year actual staffing data for FY2026. The

data for FY2016-FY2018 are for NPPD, from which CISA was reorganized in FY2019. The

decrease in staffing from FY2019 to FY2020 reflects the separation of CISA and the Federal

Protective Service: the FY2021 budget justification documents, which included the FY2019 totals

of funded positions and FTE, contained levels adjusted downward to reflect the reorganization.

The level of CISA staffing at the end of March 2026 represents a significant decrease over a sixmonth period, and is below the proposed funded staffing for FY2027.

Figure 18. CISA Staffing, FY2016-FY2027

Source: CRS analysis of budget justification documents and data from the Office of Personnel Management

data are from FY2018-FY2027 DHS Congressional Justification documents.

Notes: * FY2026 represents part-year data for actual staffing. Final data on funded positions and FTE are not

available yet for FY2026. In all cases, funded positions and FTE only reflect those documented in the annual

appropriations request. The FY2019 funded positions and FTE reflect a downward adjustment due to the

separation of reorganization that took place in FY2020.

Congressional Research Service

DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)

Figure 19. FEMA Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority

Source: CRS analysis of the FEMA Fiscal Year 2027 Congressional Justification, Fiscal Year 2027 Budget of the U.S.

Government: Appendix, and the explanatory statement accompanying the FY2026 Department of Homeland

Security Appropriations Act (P.L. 119-86).

Notes: Amounts do not include the effects of transfers, mandatory spending for fee-funded programs, offsetting

collections, or advance or supplemental appropriations. “Other” includes programs funded through the National

Flood Insurance Fund and the Radiological Emergency Preparedness Program (the latter of which does not

appear in the Departmental Scorekeeping Table as an appropriation offset by fees, but as a zero discretionary

appropriation).

The Administration’s $32.76 billion FY2027 gross discretionary budget request for FEMA is

more than double the size of any other DHS component’s request, due to a $28.38 billion request

for the Disaster Relief Fund. Setting this amount aside, the remaining $4.38 billion is $99 million

(2.2%) below the FY2026 requested level, and $678 million (13.4%) below the level of the

FY2025 continuing resolution. The FY2027 annual appropriations request included

•

$105 million (7.0%) less than was requested for FY2026 for FEMA Operations

and Support (O&S). The FY2027 request included a $33 million net increase to

cover increased pay and retirement costs and annualization of pay from prioryear initiatives.32

32 U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Fiscal Year 2027 Congressional

Justification, April 3, 2026, p. FEMA-O&S-6. All DHS congressional justifications are available at

https://www.dhs.gov/publication/congressional-budget-justification-fiscal-year-fy-2027. Future references to this

document are by page number only.

Congressional Research Service

DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

•

$1.9 billion (7.2%) more than was requested for FY2026 for the Disaster Relief

Fund (DRF). FEMA’s reporting on the funding needs for the DRF shows some

inconsistencies:

o The congressional justification documents for the DRF include few details on

the justification for the funding sought for the costs of major disasters, saying

only “The pay estimate for the DRF Major Disaster account remains

consistent with prior FYs,” and “The non-pay estimate for the DRF Major

Disasters activities is derived from a bottom-up process that utilizes FEMAprepared spend plans for previously declared catastrophic events as well as

an inflation adjusted, 10-year historical average for non-catastrophic major

disasters.”33 No other information is provided on the estimates or

methodologies involved.

o The estimates of the costs of catastrophic disasters included in the monthly

reporting for the DRF do not align with the projections FEMA made in its

statement of requirements for FY2026 DRF funding (which was released in

mid-April 2026). FEMA’s monthly reports on DRF activity also indicate that

“No adjustments have been made to the Fiscal Year 2026 funding

requirements for the Disaster Relief Fund.”34

o FEMA’s FY2027 request for the base budget of the DRF assumes the

availability of a higher level of unobligated carryover balances from FY2026

that exceed the current unobligated DRF base.35

$2 million (1.1%) more than was requested for FY2026 for FEMA Procurement,

Construction, and Improvements (PC&I). The increase is the net result of a $39

million increase for construction and facility improvements (largely for the

Mount Weather facility), offset by elimination of the Mission Support, Assets,

and Infrastructure activity and a $9 million reduction in the Operational

Communications/Information Technology activity.36

$1 million (0.1%) less than was requested for FY2026 for FEMA Federal

Assistance—$1.24 billion less than was enacted in FY2026 and $611 million less

than was enacted in the FY2025 continuing resolution. The Administration

repeated its push for more than $600 million in cuts to FEMA grant programs and

$8 million in savings from eliminating vacant positions.37 See Table A-1 for a

comparison of requested and enacted funding levels for the programs funded

through this appropriation.

In assessing the adequacy of the FEMA request, one may wish to consider that the FY2026

enacted measure transferred activities to FEMA from CWMD. In FY2026, FEMA received an

additional $79 million in O&S funding for former CWMD Mission, Capability, and Operational

Support, as well as $138 million in programs under the Federal Assistance appropriation: the

33 FEMA-DRF-23, FEMA-DRF-26.

34 Federal Emergency Management Agency, Disaster Relief Fund: Monthly Report, as of April 30, 2026, Fiscal Year

2026 Report to Congress, May 4, 2026, p. 17 (Appendix F); and Federal Emergency Management Agency, Disaster

Relief Fund: Fiscal Year 2026 Funding Requirements, Fiscal Year 2026 Report to Congress, April 15, 2026, Appendix.

Both reports are available at https://www.fema.gov/about/reports-and-data/disaster-relief-fund-monthly-reports.

35 The request assumes $843 million will be available in FY2027 to cover the anticipated costs of the DRF base.

FEMA’s monthly reporting on DRF balances projected $534 million would be available at the end of FY2026 as of the

end of April 2026.

36 FEMA-PC&I-3.

37 FEMA-FA-5.

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DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

Biological Support Program ($84 million), Securing the Cities ($34 million), and training,

exercises and readiness ($20 million).38 The Administration’s FY2027 request does not reflect

these transfers.

FEMA received $12.88 billion in funding through P.L. 119-21. While most components receiving

reconciliation funding could use it for operations and procurement, all of FEMA’s $12.88 billion

was for highly specific grant programs. Figure 20 provides a visual comparison of planned

obligations reported in the FY2027 Budget Appendix and actual obligations shown in DHS’s SF133 budget activity reports.

The FY2027 Budget Appendix indicates $7.69 billion in obligations were planned for FY2026:

$1.69 billion from the Federal Assistance appropriation, and $6 billion from the State Border

Security Reimbursement Fund. A total of $5.19 billion in obligations were planned for FY2027

($1.19 billion and $4 billion, respectively). Budget execution reporting indicates that $875

million has been obligated as of the end of April 2026, all from the Federal Assistance

appropriation.

Figure 20. FEMA FY2025 Reconciliation Funding

Source: CRS analysis of the FY2027 Budget Appendix and SF-133 Reports on Budgetary Execution and Budgetary

Resources.

Notes: Due to deobligations and adjustments, total resources reported in SF-133s may not align precisely with

those reported in the Appendix.

Figure 21 provides a historical comparison between actual staffing levels for FEMA and the

number of funded positions and FTE, including part-year actual staffing data for FY2026.

Due to the nature of disaster response and recovery work, FEMA’s workforce relies a great deal

on long-term temporary employees and reservists, which can be seen in the higher number of

staff than permanent full-time positions, and the significantly higher number of FTEs (an

indicator of the volume of funded work) than permanent full-time positions as well.

38 “Explanatory Statement,” p. H1664.

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DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

Some stakeholders have expressed concern noted that the reduction in staffing may have an

impact on FEMA’s operational capacity.39 OPM data indicate the lowest level of on-board staff

since 2020, and the FY2027 budget requests the lowest number of permanent positions in a

decade.

Figure 21. FEMA Staffing, FY2016-FY2027

Source: CRS analysis of budget justification documents and data from the Office of Personnel Management

data are from FY2018-FY2027 DHS Congressional Justification documents.

Notes: * FY2026 represents part-year data for actual staffing. Final data on funded positions and FTE are not

available yet for FY2026. In all cases, funded positions and FTE only reflect those documented in the annual

appropriations request.

39 See, for example, Eric Katz, “Officials Warn Disaster Response at Risk as Former and Current FEMA Leaders Clash

in Court Over Mass Staff Cuts,” Government Executive, February 26, 2026, https://www.govexec.com/workforce/

2026/02/officials-warn-disaster-response-risk-former-and-current-fema-leaders-clash-court-over-mass-staff-cuts/

411734/; and Justin Doubleday, “Concerns Mount over FEMA Staff Reductions,” Federal News Network, January 8,

2026, https://federalnewsnetwork.com/hiring-retention/2026/01/concerns-mount-over-fema-staff-reductions/.

Congressional Research Service

DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

Support Components (Title IV)

U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS)

Figure 22. USCIS Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority

Source: CRS analysis of the USCIS Fiscal Year 2027 Congressional Justification, Fiscal Year 2027 Budget of the U.S.

Government: Appendix, and the explanatory statement accompanying the FY2026 Department of Homeland

Security Appropriations Act (P.L. 119-86).

Notes: Amounts do not include the effects of transfers, mandatory spending for fee-funded programs, offsetting

collections, or advance or supplemental appropriations.

The Administration’s $113 million FY2027 gross annual appropriations request for USCIS was

$2 million (1.7%) above the FY2026 requested level, and $168 million (59.8%) below the level

of the FY2025 continuing resolution. The FY2027 annual appropriations request included

•

$2 million (1.7%) more than was requested for FY2026 for USCIS Operations

and Support. The FY2027 request included a net $1 million increase to cover

increased pay and retirement costs and annualization of pay from prior-year

initiatives.40

As was the case for the FY2026 request, no funding was requested for the USCIS

Federal Assistance appropriation, which had received $10 million (specifically

for Immigrant Integration Grants) under the FY2025 continuing resolution.

40 U.S. Department of Homeland Security, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, Fiscal Year 2027 Congressional

Justification, April 3, 2026, p. CIS-O&S-4. All DHS congressional justifications are available at https://www.dhs.gov/

publication/congressional-budget-justification-fiscal-year-fy-2027.

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DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

Figure 23 provides a historical comparison between actual staffing levels for USCIS and the

number of funded positions and FTE, including part-year actual staffing data for FY2026.

Figure 23. USCIS Staffing, FY2016-FY2027

Source: CRS analysis of budget justification documents and data from the Office of Personnel Management

data are from FY2018-FY2027 DHS Congressional Justification documents.

Notes: * FY2026 represents part-year data for actual staffing. Final data on funded positions and FTE are not

available yet for FY2026. In all cases, funded positions and FTE only reflect those documented in the annual

appropriations request.

Almost all USCIS personnel are funded through fee revenues, which USCIS receives under

appropriations in permanent law. Therefore, the reduction in staffing shown in FY2026’s partyear data is not a direct result of the lapse in appropriations or legislative action, but actions

within the executive branch.

Congressional Research Service

DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers (FLETC)

Figure 24. FLETC Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority

Source: CRS analysis of the FLETC Fiscal Year 2027 Congressional Justification, Fiscal Year 2027 Budget of the U.S.

Government: Appendix, and the explanatory statement accompanying the FY2026 Department of Homeland

Security Appropriations Act (P.L. 119-86).

Notes: Amounts do not include the effects of transfers, mandatory spending for fee-funded programs, offsetting

collections, or advance or supplemental appropriations.

The Administration’s $418 million FY2027 gross annual appropriations request for FLETC was

$20 million (5.0%) above the FY2026 requested level, and $40 million (10.7%) above the level of

the FY2025 continuing resolution. The FY2027 annual appropriations request included

•

$20 million (5.2%) more than was requested for FY2026 for FLETC Operations

and Support (O&S). The FY2027 request included $6 million to cover increased

pay and retirement costs and annualization of pay from prior-year initiatives.41

Less than $1 million (2.2%) more than was requested for FY2026 for FLETC

Procurement, Construction, and Improvements (PC&I). The FLETC PC&I

appropriation contains a series of small projects, all of which are distinct from the

FY2026 request. One of those is a $5 million first-stage investment into an

expansion of the Cheltenham Training Facility.42

These resources build on those provided in P.L. 119-21. The FY2025 reconciliation funding for

FLETC has been divided between O&S and PC&I appropriations, but some funding has been

41 U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers, Fiscal Year 2027

Congressional Justification, April 3, 2026, p. FLETC-O&S-4. All DHS congressional justifications are available at

https://www.dhs.gov/publication/congressional-budget-justification-fiscal-year-fy-2027. Future references to this

document are by page number only.

42 FLETC-PCI-7.

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DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

shifted between the accounts. Figure 25 provides a visual comparison of planned obligations

reported in the FY2027 Budget Appendix and actual obligations shown in DHS’s SF-133 budget

activity reports.

The FY2027 Budget Appendix indicates $543 million in obligations were planned for FY2026

($177 million in O&S and $366 million in PC&I), and $68 million in FLETC O&S obligations

were planned for FY2027. Budget execution reporting indicates that $136 million has been

obligated so far in FY2026 ($39 million in O&S and $97 million in PC&I), on top of $156

million obligated in FY2025.

Figure 25. FLETC FY2025 Reconciliation Funding

Source: CRS analysis of the FY2027 Budget Appendix and SF-133 Reports on Budgetary Execution and Budgetary

Resources.

Notes: Due to deobligations and adjustments, total resources reported in SF-133s may not align precisely with

those reported in the Appendix.

Figure 26 provides a historical comparison between actual staffing levels for FLETC and the

number of funded positions and FTE, including part-year actual staffing data for FY2026. Much

of FLETC’s operating budget is funded through reimbursements for the training it provides, so

the actual staffing would be expected to exceed the positions and FTE funded through annual

appropriations.

Congressional Research Service

DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

Figure 26. FLETC Staffing, FY2016-FY2027

Source: CRS analysis of budget justification documents and data from the Office of Personnel Management

data are from FY2018-FY2027 DHS Congressional Justification documents.

Notes: * FY2026 represents part-year data for actual staffing. Final data on funded positions and FTE are not

available yet for FY2026. In all cases, funded positions and FTE only reflect those documented in the annual

appropriations request.

Congressional Research Service

DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

Science and Technology Directorate (S&T)

Figure 27. S&T Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority

Source: CRS analysis of the S&T Fiscal Year 2027 Congressional Justification, Fiscal Year 2027 Budget of the U.S.

Government: Appendix, and the explanatory statement accompanying the FY2026 Department of Homeland

Security Appropriations Act (P.L. 119-86).

Notes: Amounts do not include the effects of transfers, mandatory spending for fee-funded programs, offsetting

collections, or advance or supplemental appropriations.

The Administration’s $754 million FY2027 gross annual appropriations request for S&T was $5

million (0.7%) below the FY2026 requested level, and $12 million (1.6%) above the level of the

FY2025 continuing resolution. The FY2027 annual appropriations request included

•

$5 million (1.3%) more than was requested for FY2026 for S&T Operations and

Support. The FY2027 request included $6 million to cover increased pay and

retirement costs and annualization of pay from prior-year initiatives.43

$25 million (38.5%) less than was requested for FY2026 for S&T Procurement,

Construction, and Improvements. The primary driver of this change from the

FY2026 requested level was a $25 million reduction in the request for funding to

support closure of the Plum Island facility.

$15 million (4.7%) more than was requested for FY2026 for S&T Research and

Development. The primary driver of this change from the FY2026 requested

43 U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Science and Technology Directorate, Fiscal Year 2027 Congressional

Justification, April 3, 2026, p. S&T-O&S-5. All DHS congressional justifications are available at https://www.dhs.gov/

publication/congressional-budget-justification-fiscal-year-fy-2027. Future references to this document are by page

number only.

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DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

level was an increase in Research, Development, and Innovation funding, largely

due to new projects and project increases within the Cyber, Infrastructure, and

National Resiliency activity.44

In assessing the adequacy of the S&T request, one may consider that the FY2026 enacted

measure transferred certain CWMD activities to S&T from that agency. Congress provided an

additional $4 million for research and development mission support to S&T O&S, and $50

million in Transformational Research and Development, Technical Forensics, and Capability

Development to S&T Research and Development.45

Figure 28 provides a historical comparison between actual staffing levels for S&T and the

number of funded positions and FTE, including part-year actual staffing data for FY2026.

Figure 28. S&T Staffing, FY2016-FY2027

Source: CRS analysis of budget justification documents and data from the Office of Personnel Management

data are from FY2018-FY2027 DHS Congressional Justification documents.

Notes: * FY2026 represents part-year data for actual staffing. Final data on funded positions and FTE are not

available yet for FY2026. In all cases, funded positions and FTE only reflect those documented in the annual

appropriations request.

44 S&T-R&D-64-65.

45 “Explanatory Statement,” p. H1664.

Congressional Research Service

DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

Office of Countering Weapons of Mass Destruction (CWMD)

Figure 29. CWMD Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority

Source: CRS analysis of the Departmental Overview Fiscal Year 2027 Congressional Justification, Fiscal Year 2027

Budget of the U.S. Government: Appendix, and the explanatory statement accompanying the FY2026 Department of

Homeland Security Appropriations Act (P.L. 119-86).

Notes: Amounts do not include the effects of transfers, mandatory spending for fee-funded programs, offsetting

collections, or advance or supplemental appropriations.

The Administration’s FY2027 request for CWMD, like the FY2026 request, proposed elimination

of CWMD, distributing its programs within DHS. The FY2027 request proposed:

•

Creating a new office within the CISA Infrastructure Security Division to house

“all of CWMD’s strategy, policy, risk, and detection architecture activities, as

well as threat and intelligence analysis functions,” as well as “the National

BioSurveillance Integration Center (NBIC), operational programs, federal

assistance, research and development, and testing and evaluation”;

Shifting procurement of large-scale radiation detection systems to CBP; and

Having DHS end users purchase their own portable detection systems.46

The FY2026 DHS appropriations act already had dismantled CWMD, transferring:

•

CBRN Risk/Detection Architecture and the National Biosurveillance Integration

Center to OSEM Operations and Support (O&S) (funded at $57 million);

46 U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Countering Weapons of Mass Destruction, Fiscal Year 2027 Congressional

Justification, April 3, 2026, p. CWMD-5. All DHS congressional justifications are available at https://www.dhs.gov/

publication/congressional-budget-justification-fiscal-year-fy-2027.

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DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

•

Radiation Portal Monitor Mission Support to CBP O&S ($4 million);

Large-scale detection systems to CBP Procurement, Construction, and

Improvements (PC&I) ($36 million)

Portable detection system funding across components PC&I appropriations, with

TSA and the USSS each getting $1 million, and CBP and the USCG getting $2

million;

Mission, Capability and Operational Support to FEMA O&S ($79 million);

Training, exercises and readiness ($20 million) to FEMA’s Federal Assistance

appropriation, as well as the Securing the Cities Program ($34 million) and the

Biological Support Program ($84 million); and

Transformational Research and Development ($27 million), Technical Forensics

($2 million), and Detection Capability Development ($21 million) to S&T

Research and Development, with $4 million for mission support for the research

and development to S&T O&S.47

Figure 30 provides a historical comparison between actual staffing levels for CWMD and the

number of funded positions and FTE, including part-year actual staffing data for FY2026. The

elements of CWMD were reorganized on the way to establishment of the component in FY2019,

so staffing numbers for the years prior are not an equivalent comparison, as they reflect staffing

for the Domestic Nuclear Detection Office.

Figure 30. CWMD Staffing, FY2016-FY2027

Source: CRS analysis of budget justification documents and data from the Office of Personnel Management

data are from FY2018-FY2027 DHS Congressional Justification documents.

47 “Explanatory Statement,” p. H1664.

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DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

Notes: * FY2026 represents part-year data for actual staffing. Final data on funded positions and FTE are not

available yet for FY2026. In all cases, funded positions and FTE only reflect those documented in the annual

appropriations request.

Headquarters Components (Title I)

Revised Office of the Secretary and Executive Management (OSEM)

The Administration’s FY2027 budget request proposed combining the Office of the Secretary and

Executive Management, the DHS Management Directorate, and Intelligence, Analysis, and

Situational Awareness into a single component under the name of the Office of the Secretary and

Executive Management.48 To keep analysis of the original elements intact, this report refers to the

new component as “revised OSEM,” and its elements by their names as applied in FY2026

enacted DHS appropriations.

Analysis structured around the individual elements follows the revised OSEM staffing figure.

Separate historical staffing figures for the individual elements are not provided as OPM FWD

does not provide staffing information at that level of detail for DHS headquarters functions.

Figure 31. Revised OSEM Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority

Source: CRS analysis of the OSEM Fiscal Year 2027 Congressional Justification, Fiscal Year 2027 Budget of the U.S.

Government: Appendix, and the explanatory statement accompanying the FY2026 Department of Homeland

Security Appropriations Act (P.L. 119-86).

48 U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Office of the Secretary and Executive Management, Fiscal Year 2027

Congressional Justification, April 3, 2026, p. OSEM-5. All DHS congressional justifications are available at

https://www.dhs.gov/publication/congressional-budget-justification-fiscal-year-fy-2027. Future references to this

document are by page number only.

Congressional Research Service

DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

Notes: Amounts do not include the effects of transfers, mandatory spending for fee-funded programs, offsetting

collections, or advance or supplemental appropriations. “Other” includes funding for the Federal Protective

Service, which is entirely offset by fees.

The Administration’s $4.67 billion FY2027 gross annual appropriations request for its proposed

revised OSEM was $31 million (0.7%) below the FY2026 requested level for its component

elements, and $89 million (1.9%) below the level of the FY2025 continuing resolution. The

FY2027 annual appropriations request included

•

$15 million (0.6%) less than was requested for FY2026 for revised OSEM

component Operations and Support (O&S). The FY2027 request included $12

million to cover increased pay and retirement costs and annualization of pay from

prior-year initiatives.49 The FY2027 budget request also makes programmatic

changes across the revised component, resulting in net reductions of more than

$104 million in pay costs, while adding a net $118 million in non-pay costs.50

$16 million (10.1%) less than was requested for FY2026 for revised OSEM

component Procurement, Construction, and Improvements. The primary driver of

this change from the FY2026 requested level was a net shift as a result of

reductions in requested funding for financial systems modernization ($41

million) and the IDENT/Homeland Advanced Recognition Technology51 activity

($25 million) and an increase for Human Resources Information Technology

($39 million).52

The request for the Federal Protective Service (FPS) was level with the FY2026

request.

In assessing the adequacy of the traditional OSEM O&S request, as noted above, one may wish to

consider that the FY2026 enacted measure transferred activities to OSEM from CWMD.

Congress transferred CBRN Risk/Detection Architecture and the National Biosurveillance

Integration Center to OSEM O&S, providing $57 million for FY2026.53

In addition to these resources, OSEM received resources through P.L. 119-21. The Office of the

Secretary received $2.1 billion in FY2025 reconciliation funding that was divided between its

Operations and Support (O&S) and Procurement, Construction, and Improvement (PC&I)

appropriations, and $10 billion was provided in a separate “Border Support” appropriation.

Figure 32 provides a visual comparison of planned obligations reported in the FY2027 Budget

Appendix and actual obligations shown in DHS’s SF-133 budget activity reports.

From the funding apportioned to traditional appropriations, the FY2027 Budget Appendix

indicates $1.19 billion in obligations were planned for FY2026 ($1.17 billion in O&S and $28

million in PC&I), and $543 million in O&S obligations were planned for FY2027. Budget

execution reporting indicates that $1.14 billion has been obligated thus far in FY2026 ($1.13

billion in O&S and $14 million in PC&I), on top of $7 million in O&S obligated in FY2025.

49 p. OSEM-O&S-6.

50 pp. OSEM-O&S-7-8.

51 The Homeland Advanced Recognition Technology program (HART) is the replacement for DHS’s Automated

Biometric Identification System, known as IDENT.

52 Comparison of OSEM-PC&I-6 and U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Management Directorate, Fiscal Year

2026 Congressional Justification, May 30, 2025, p. OSEM-5MGMT-PC&I-6.

53 “Explanatory Statement,” p. H1664.

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DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

The $10 billion border support appropriation shows no planned obligations for FY2026 or

FY2027 in the FY2027 Budget Appendix. This account was used to pay DHS law enforcement

officers’ salaries during the FY2026 lapses in appropriations, as well as those of other DHS

personnel as of the beginning of April 2026.54 Roughly $8.62 billion was obligated to that end,

and with the enactment of the FY2026 appropriations for many DHS components on April 30, it

is likely those obligations will be recorded elsewhere and the balance in this account restored.55

(In addition to this ongoing “lapse mitigation” activity, $15 million was obligated from this

account in FY2025.)

Figure 32. OSEM FY2025 Reconciliation Funding

Source: CRS analysis of the FY2027 Budget Appendix and SF-133 Reports on Budgetary Execution and Budgetary

Resources.

Notes: Due to deobligations and adjustments, total resources reported in SF-133s may not align precisely with

those reported in the Appendix.

Figure 33 provides a historical comparison between actual staffing levels for revised OSEM

components and the number of funded positions and FTE, including part-year actual staffing data

for FY2026. The jump in staffing in FY2020 resulted from FPS being transferred to the

Management Directorate.56 The FY2027 budget request for the revised OSEM reports net

reductions of 215 positions and 421 FTE due to programmatic changes, including elimination of

219 funded vacancies. The OPM data seem to indicate possible underreporting of actual

personnel since FY2020 (which could be due to classified personnel totals not being reported).57

For details, please see CRS Report R48874, Department of Homeland Security Appropriations: FY2026 State of

Play, by William L. Painter.

55 CRS analysis of the DHS FY2026 SF-133 Report on Budget Execution and Budgetary Resources. The reports are

available at https://portal.max.gov/portal/document/SF133/Budget/FACTS%20II%20%20SF%20133%20Report%20on%20Budget%20Execution%20and%20Budgetary%20Resources.html.

56 What appears to be a jump in funded positions and FTE prior to the FPS transfer is an artifact of the two-year lag in

reporting on those levels: FY2019 data are drawn from the FY2021 budget request, which includes the final statement

of funding from the most recently completed fiscal year at the time of its issuance. That same lag means FY2026

funded positions and FTE data are expected to become available in the FY2028 budget request.

57 The reduction in reported actual personnel in FY2026 may indicate a shift in reporting practices under the new OPM

FWD systems, or a significant reduction in on-board staff in the headquarters components.

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DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

Figure 33. Revised OSEM Staffing, FY2016-FY2027

Source: CRS analysis of budget justification documents and data from the Office of Personnel Management

data are from FY2018-FY2027 DHS Congressional Justification documents.

Notes: * FY2026 represents part-year data for actual staffing. Final data on funded positions and FTE are not

available yet for FY2026. In all cases, funded positions and FTE only reflect those documented in the annual

appropriations request.

Congressional Research Service

DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

Elements of Revised OSEM

Figure 34. Traditional OSEM Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority

Source: CRS analysis of the OSEM Fiscal Year 2027 Congressional Justification, Fiscal Year 2027 Budget of the U.S.

Government: Appendix, and the explanatory statement accompanying the FY2026 Department of Homeland

Security Appropriations Act (P.L. 119-86).

Notes: Amounts do not include the effects of transfers, mandatory spending for fee-funded programs, offsetting

collections, or advance or supplemental appropriations.

The Administration’s $267 million FY2027 gross annual appropriations request for traditional

OSEM activities was $58 million (17.9%) below the FY2026 requested level, and $137 million

(34%) below the level of the FY2025 continuing resolution. The FY2027 annual appropriations

request included

•

$58 million (17.9%) less than was requested for FY2026 for traditional OSEM

Operations and Support (O&S) activities. The primary driver for this reduction

from the FY2026 requested level was a $44 million reduction in the Office of

Strategy, Policy, and Plans, and a $21 million reduction in Management and

Oversight offices.

As in FY2026, the Administration requested no funding for traditional OSEM

Procurement, Construction and Improvement activities. Both the FY2025

continuing resolution, and the FY2026 enacted measure had provided $8 million,

which had supported the DHS Medical Information Exchange.

Congressional Research Service

DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

In assessing the adequacy of the traditional OSEM O&S request, as noted above, one may

consider that the FY2026 enacted measure CBRN Risk/Detection Architecture and the National

Biosurveillance Integration Center to OSEM O&S, providing $57 million for FY2026.58

Figure 35. Traditional MD Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority

Source: CRS analysis of the OSEM Fiscal Year 2027 Congressional Justification, Fiscal Year 2027 Budget of the U.S.

Government: Appendix, and the explanatory statement accompanying the FY2026 Department of Homeland

Security Appropriations Act (P.L. 119-86).

Notes: Amounts do not include the effects of transfers, mandatory spending for fee-funded programs, offsetting

collections, or advance or supplemental appropriations. “Other” includes funding for the Federal Protective

Service, which is offset by fees.

The Administration’s $3.96 billion FY2027 gross annual appropriations request for traditional

MD activities was $31 million (0.8%) below the FY2026 requested level for its component

elements, and $52 million (1.3%) below the level of the FY2025 continuing resolution. The

FY2027 annual appropriations request included

•

$14 million (0.8%) less than was requested for FY2026 for traditional MD

Operations and Support (O&S) activities. Two of the primary drivers of the

reduction are reductions in the AI Corps/Solution Development staff ($33

million) and a reduction in sunset costs from the IDENT system ($32 million).59

$16 million (10.1%) less than was requested for FY2026 for traditional MD

Procurement, Construction, and Improvements (PC&I) activities. As noted

above, the primary driver of this change from the FY2026 requested level was a

net shift as a result of reductions in requested funding for financial systems

58 “Explanatory Statement,” p. H1664.

59 p. OSEM-O&S-7.

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DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

modernization ($41 million) and the IDENT/Homeland Advanced Recognition

Technology system ($25 million) and an increase for Human Resources

Information Technology ($39 million).

The request for the Federal Protective Service (FPS) was level with the FY2026 request.

Figure 36. Traditional IASA Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority

Source: CRS analysis of the OSEM Fiscal Year 2027 Congressional Justification, Fiscal Year 2027 Budget of the U.S.

Government: Appendix, and the explanatory statement accompanying the FY2026 Department of Homeland

Security Appropriations Act (P.L. 119-86).

Notes: Amounts do not include the effects of transfers, mandatory spending for fee-funded programs, offsetting

collections, or advance or supplemental appropriations.

The Administration’s $341 million FY2027 gross annual appropriations request for traditional

IASA activities was $47 million (12.1%) below the FY2026 requested level for its component

elements, and $5 million (1.3%) below the level of the FY2025 continuing resolution. Most of the

details of the IASA budget are classified.

Congressional Research Service

DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

Office of the Inspector General (OIG)

Figure 37. OIG Annual Gross Discretionary Budget Authority

Source: CRS analysis of the OIG Fiscal Year 2027 Congressional Justification, Fiscal Year 2027 Budget of the U.S.

Government: Appendix, and the explanatory statement accompanying the FY2026 Department of Homeland

Security Appropriations Act (P.L. 119-86).

Notes: Amounts do not include the effects of transfers, mandatory spending for fee-funded programs, offsetting

collections, or advance or supplemental appropriations.

The Administration’s $198 million FY2027 gross annual appropriations request for the DHS OIG

was $36 million (15.3%) below the FY2026 requested level, and $22 million (10.0%) below the

level of the FY2025 continuing resolution. The FY2027 annual appropriations request included

$36 million (15.3%) less than was requested for FY2026 for CBP Operations and Support.

The proposed reduction had two parts.

•

The larger was an $18.5 million reduction in personnel, which would defund 85

positions (10%). According to the OIG, “This proposed reduction will impact the

OIG’s capacity to respond to the risk of fraud, waste, and abuse in DHS programs

and operations; undertake congressionally requested audits, inspections, and

investigations; and assist the Department in accomplishing its public safety and

national security mission.”60

The smaller reduction was an $8 million (25%) reduction in contracted support

for activities such as

60 U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Office of Inspector General, Fiscal Year 2027 Congressional Justification,

April 3, 2026, p. OIG-O&S-8. All DHS congressional justifications are available at https://www.dhs.gov/publication/

congressional-budget-justification-fiscal-year-fy-2027. Future references to this document are by page number only.

Congressional Research Service

DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

•

o cybersecurity testing;

o investigative digital forensics and analysis support;

o audit and inspection data analytics support; and

o information technology engineering and communications support.

According to the OIG, “This reduction will impact the OIG’s operations by

shifting audit and investigative efforts from the contracted workload to a limited

Federal workforce.”61

The FY2027 request included $5 million to cover increased pay and retirement costs and

annualization of pay from prior-year initiatives.62

Figure 38 provides a historical comparison between actual staffing levels for the DHS OIG and

the number of funded positions and FTE, including part-year actual staffing data for FY2026. The

OIG periodically receives funding by transfer to perform oversight on supplemental

appropriations, which is not reflected in the annually funded positions and FTE.

Figure 38. OIG Staffing, FY2016-FY2027

Source: CRS analysis of budget justification documents and data from the Office of Personnel Management

data are from FY2018-FY2027 DHS Congressional Justification documents.

Notes: * FY2026 represents part-year data for actual staffing. Final data on funded positions and FTE are not

available yet for FY2026. In all cases, funded positions and FTE only reflect those documented in the annual

appropriations request.

61 p. OIG-O&S-7.

62 p. OIG-O&S-5.

Congressional Research Service

DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

Appendix. Data Tables

Discretionary Funding

Table A-1 presents the requested gross discretionary budget authority63 for FY2027 for each DHS

component, as well as the funding level requested for and enacted in the FY2026 annual

appropriations act, and the FY2025 year-long continuing resolution.64

•

Analytical columns on the right side of the table provide the funding levels for

the enacted FY2026 DHS Appropriations Act, the budget request for FY2026,

and the year-long continuing resolution for FY2025. The two columns to the

right of each of these values indicate the change that the FY2027 request

proposes from that baseline, expressed in thousands of dollars and as a

percentage change.

Components are listed in the order in which they appear in the DHS

appropriations measures.

The first italicized row shows the funding level for the Administration’s proposed

consolidated DHS headquarters component, which includes OSEM, MD, and

IASA.

Other rows in italics beneath a component are noting resources made available

through special means: multi-year mandatory budget authority from the FY2025

reconciliation measure (P.L. 119-21); emergency-designated advance

appropriations from the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (P.L. 117-56); or

disaster relief designated funding for FEMA’s Disaster Relief Fund.

63 This includes all discretionary appropriations, without reflecting offsets or rescissions.

64 The table reflects resources provided by P.L. 119-85.

Congressional Research Service

Table A-1. Component-Level Analysis of FY2027 DHS Budget Request

(Thousands of dollars of gross discretionary budget authority)

OSEM

FY2027

Request

FY2026

Annual

Enacted

FY2027

Request v.

FY2026

Annual

Enacted

267,263

345,206

-77,943

% change

from

FY2026

Annual

Enacted

-22.6%

FY2026

Request

FY2027

Request v.

FY2026

Request

% change

from

FY2026

Request

325,367

-58,104

-17.9%

P.L. 119-21a

FY2025

Annual

Enacted

FY2027

Request v.

FY2025

Annual

Enacted

% change

from

FY2025

Annual

Enacted

404,695

-137,432

-34.0%

12,055,000

3,959,876

3,774,941

184,935

4.9%

3,990,565

-30,689

-0.8%

4,011,440

-51,564

-1.3%

IASAb

340,819

0.0%

387,637

-46,818

-12.1%

345,410

-4,591

-1.3%

Proposed

OSEM

4,672,323

4,460,966

211,357

4.7%

4,703,569

-31,246

-0.7%

4,761,545

-89,222

-1.9%

OIG

198,185

257,599

-59,414

-23.1%

234,058

-35,873

-15.3%

220,127

-21,942

-10.0%

CBP

18,896,619

12,134,898c

6,761,721c

55.7%c

19,755,925

-859,306

-4.3%

20,039,040

-1,142,421

-5.7%

10,042,062

n/ad

0.0%

P.L. 119-21a

ICE

64,726,000

10,881,035

-838,973

-7.7%

P.L. 119-21a

10,042,062

74,850,000

TSA

11,485,150

11,511,664

-26,514

-0.2%

11,353,309

131,841

1.2%

11,129,287

355,863

3.2%

USCG

14,147,331

13,166,030

981,301

7.5%

13,179,695

967,636

7.3%

12,122,548

2,024,783

16.7%

364,064

11.8%

-385,814

-13.4%

P.L. 119-21a

USSS

24,594,000

3,451,861

3,250,071

201,790

6.2%

3,294,853

157,008

4.8%

P.L. 119-21a

CISA

3,087,797

1,170,000

2,487,194

Advancee

2,605,098

-117,904

-4.5%

2,378,338

108,856

4.6%

20,000

2,873,008

20,000

FEMA

32,761,668

32,287,206

474,462

1.5%

30,925,991

1,797,677

5.9%

27,570,565

5,191,103

18.8%

Disastersf

28,379,000

26,367,000

2,012,000

7.6%

26,474,000

1,905,000

7.2%

22,510,000

5,869,000

26.1%

CRS-48

FY2027

Request

FY2026

Annual

Enacted

FY2027

Request v.

FY2026

Annual

Enacted

% change

from

FY2026

Annual

Enacted

FY2026

Request

FY2027

Request v.

FY2026

Request

% change

from

FY2026

Request

P.L. 119-21a

FY2025

Annual

Enacted

FY2027

Request v.

FY2025

Annual

Enacted

% change

from

FY2025

Annual

Enacted

12,875,000

Advancee

1,100,000

1,000,000

USCIS

112,995

122,941

-9,946

-8.1%

111,142

1,853

1.7%

281,140

-168,145

-59.8%

FLETC

417,516

398,137

19,379

4.9%

397,488

20,028

5.0%

377,200

40,316

10.7%

P.L. 119-21a

CWMD

750,000

753,722

831,206

-77,484

-9.3%

758,754

-5,032

-0.7%

741,634

12,088

1.6%

—g

—

409,441

-409,441

-100.0%

Source: CRS analysis of the FY2027 DHS Budget Overview, the Fiscal Year 2027 Budget of the U.S. Government: Appendix, the explanatory statement accompanying P.L. 11958, and P.L. 119-21.

Notes: Component level appropriations for CBP and ICE remain unresolved. Numbers in parentheses are negative. A “-“ represents a zero value. “n/a” = Not

Applicable. P.L. 119-21 funding is available for multiple fiscal years, but was appropriated and became available in FY2025. Italicized lines are elements of the non-italicized

line above it. Total enacted includes annual, supplemental, and advance appropriations made available in the fiscal year.

a. References multi-year budget authority made available in the FY2025 reconciliation measure. Most of this funding is available for obligation through FY2029.

b. The request documents refer to this component as Analysis and Operations, but FY2025 and FY2026 appropriations materials refer to it as “Intelligence, Analysis,

and Situational Awareness.”

c. Annual appropriations for FY2026 for the U.S. Border Patrol have not been enacted as of this report’s publication.

d. Annual appropriations for FY2026 for U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement have not been enacted as of this report’s publication.

e. References advance supplemental appropriations from P.L. 117-56 that become available in the given fiscal year.

References resources included under the FEMA appropriation that are designated for the cost of major disasters and accommodated within discretionary spending

limits by the disaster relief allowable adjustment. For more information on the adjustment, see CRS In Focus IF10720, Calculation and Use of the Disaster Relief

Allowable Adjustment, by William L. Painter.

g. CWMD was reorganized in the FY2026 DHS appropriations act.

CRS-49

Table A-2. DHS Civilian Staffing, End-of-Fiscal Year Personnel On Board

FY2016

FY2017

FY2018

FY2019

FY2020

FY2021

FY2022

FY2023

FY2024

FY2025

FY2026*

DHSHQ

3,081

3,231

3,270

3,373

4,872

4,884

5,076

5,376

5,635

5,223

4,214

USCIS

15,349

16,654

17,761

19,208

19,225

18,089

19,119

20,558

22,004

21,962

19,925

USCG

8,305

8,499

8,631

8,619

8,797

9,043

9,199

9,511

9,677

9,225

8,875

USSS

6,415

6,743

7,191

7,463

7,526

7,811

7,788

7,689

8,066

8,269

8,277

OIG

677

759

779

746

695

733

748

755

795

752

679

ICE

19,223

19,695

19,850

20,009

20,747

20,715

20,167

20,224

20,606

22,799

30,102

TSA

59,853

60,746

62,692

63,750

60,567

60,443

61,555

62,948

64,433

65,629

62,144

CBP

58,951

58,950

59,736

61,238

63,356

63,949

63,621

64,546

66,514

67,488

68,269

FLETC

1,272

1,290

1,280

1,242

1,279

1,292

1,306

1,308

1,333

1,350

1,420

CISA/

NPPD

3,172

3,500

3,497

3,291

2,102

2,392

2,671

3,155

3,395

3,178

2,285

FEMA

14,745

17,732

19,872

20,220

21,020

22,580

22,146

23,122

24,348

23,903

21,117

DNDO/

CWMD

119

136

198

234

246

249

229

223

200

137

S&T

482

464

426

411

440

472

486

507

537

519

402

191,644

198,399

205,121

209,768

210,860

212,649

214,131

219,928

227,566

230,497

227,846

DHS

Total

Source: CRS compilation of data from FedScope and OPM FWD.

Notes: * FY2026 represents part-year data through the end of March 2026. DHSHQ = Office of the Secretary and Executive Management and Management Directorate.

CRS-50

Table A-3. DHS Funded Civilian Positions

FY2016

FY2017

FY2018

FY2019

FY2020

FY2021

FY2022

FY2023

FY2024

FY2025

FY2027*

DHSHQ

2,915

3,292

3,564

5,398

5,485

5,621

5,815

6,285

6,272

6,012

5,744

USCIS

16,432

18,190

18,196

19,470

20,398

18,339

22,181

22,809

24,449

25,241

25,067

USCG

8,577

8,712

8,785

8,778

9,048

9,369

9,447

9,678

9,808

9,924

10,397

USSS

6,714

6,772

7,150

7,650

7,777

7,896

8,105

8,305

8,382

8,582

9,239

OIG

867

854

760

773

809

724

ICE

20,960

19,776

21,105

21,104

21,327

21,499

21,778

21,190

21,781

21,828

TSA

55,415

56,465

57,510

58,530

59,503

59,601

58,456

61,932

61,844

61,524

53,199

CBP

63,230

63,103

59,734

61,627

63,240

63,609

64,685

66,971

69,379

69,739

69,608

FLETC

1,133

1,095

1,108

1,109

1,108

1,115

1,124

1,115

1,130

CISA/

NPPD

3,756

3,991

4,159

2,469

2,675

2,911

3,345

3,745

3,732

2,865

FEMA

5,205

5,302

5,351

5,307

5,374

5,391

5,629

6,054

6,240

5,830

4,894

DNDO/

CWMD

137

146

261

248

287

309

269

286

—

S&T

480

485

513

507

530

572

574

573

408

Source: DHS Congressional Justification documents, showing completed fiscal years, FY2018-FY2027

Notes: * FY2027 represents the requested level. DHSHQ = Office of the Secretary and Executive Management and Management Directorate.

CRS-51

Table A-4. DHS Funded Civilian Full-Time Equivalents

FY2016

FY2017

FY2018

FY2019

FY2020

FY2021

FY2022

FY2023

FY2024

FY2025

FY2027*

DHSHQ

2,859

3,071

3,300

4,978

5,079

5,295

5,422

5,779

5,918

5,920

5,499

USCIS

15,371

17,291

17,296

18,498

19,380

18,676

19,672

21,666

22,270

23,277

22,662

USCG

7,512

8,244

7,737

7,712

7,946

8,240

8,376

8,707

8,859

8,957

9,322

USSS

6,481

6,588

6,934

7,359

7,647

7,796

7,961

8,163

8,303

8,340

9,033

OIG

796

854

760

756

742

760

778

703

736

651

ICE

19,908

19,465

20,083

20,080

20,912

21,087

21,361

20,197

21,548

21,757

21,799

TSA

51,833

53,924

54,651

55,607

56,425

56,556

55,181

56,193

58,639

59,777

50,398

CBP

58,677

58,733

58,562

60,855

62,600

57,660

60,137

63,054

66,584

66,169

67,076

FLETC

1,106

1,068

1,081

1,082

1,081

1,085

1,093

1,088

1,101

CISA/

NPPD

3,178

3,374

3,592

1,976

2,158

2,365

2,655

3,222

3,294

2,528

FEMA

9,673

9,815

9,859

10,438

11,333

12,284

13,421

14,607

16,004

16,701

15,425

DNDO/

CWMD

137

146

240

232

267

279

252

263

—

S&T

480

485

473

499

511

544

565

400

Source: DHS Congressional Justification documents, showing completed fiscal years, FY2018-FY2027.

Notes: * FY2027 represents the requested level. DHSHQ = Office of the Secretary and Executive Management and Management Directorate.

CRS-52

Table A-5. Status of P.L. 119-21 Funding

(millions of dollars of budget authority)

FY2025

Mandatory

Appropriation

Appendix:

FY2025

Obligations

Appendix:

FY2026

Obligations

Appendix:

FY2027

Obligations

Appendix:

Projected

Remainder

SF-133:

FY2025

Obligations

SF-133:

FY2026

Obligations

(through

4/2026)

O&S

1,932

1,165

543

217

7.30

1,130.77

889.40

PC&I

123

—

13.76

Border Support

10,000

—

9,985

15.00

8,617.51

1,367.49

O&S

8,006

1,428

1,644

4,836

97.89

928.30

6,965.19

PC&I

56,720

5,312

46,669

3,801

938

5,316.49

21,513.79

29,915.57

O&S

74,113

1,138

35,330

20,377

17,268

1,138.17

5,616.59

51,971.16

PC&I

737

—

564

—

173

—

5,847.17

11,090.49

O&S

2,275

940

1,102

137

103.15

693.06

1,405.21

PC&I

22,319

1,974

15,391

3,436

1,518

2,190.97

6,665.60

14,048.20

O&S

358

not recorded

358

0.25

57.65

389.96

PC&I

812

not recorded

773

39.00

49.21

633.95

2,875

—

1,690

1,185

—

875.00

2,000.00

State Border Security

Reimbursement Fund

10,000

—

6,000

4,000

—

10,000.00

O&S

285

177

—

39.84

39.19

206.00

PC&I

465

366

—

116.25

96.68

271.43

Account

OSEM

CBP

ICE

USCG

USSS

FEMA

FLETC

SF-133:

Reported

Net

Unobligated

Balance

Source: FY2027 Budget of the United States Government, Appendix; DHS SF-133 Reports for FY2025 and FY2026.

Notes: OSEM = Office of the Secretary and Executive Management; CBP = U.S. Customs and Border Protection; ICE = U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement

USCG = U.S. Coast Guard; USSS = U.S. Secret Service; FEMA = Federal Emergency Management Agency; FLETC = Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers; O&S =

Operations and Support; PC&I = Procurement, Construction, and Improvements. “-“ denotes a zero value. The Appendix entries for the USSS did not provide the detail

needed to trace funding from P.L. 119-21 in FY2026 or FY2027.

CRS-53

FEMA Grants

Table A-6. FEMA Grants and Education,Training, and Exercises

(Thousands of dollars of budget authority)

FY2025

Enacted

FY2026

Request

FY2026

Enacted

FY2027

Request

Grants

State Homeland Security Grant Program

468,000

351,000

494,000

(Operation Stonegarden)

81,000

85,500

(Tribal Homeland Security Grants)

13,500

14,250

351,000

Urban Area Security Initiative

553,500

415,500

584,250

415,500

Nonprofit Security Grant Program

274,500

300,000

274,500

Public Transportation Security Assistance

94,500

50,000

99,750

50,000

(Amtrak Security)

9,000

9,500

(Over-the-Road Bus Security)

1,800

1,900

Port Security Grants

90,000

50,000

95,000

50,000

Assistance to Firefighter Grants

324,000

342,000

324,000

Staffing for Adequate Fire and Emergency Response (SAFER) Grants

324,000

342,000

324,000

Emergency Management Performance Grants

319,500

337,250

319,500

Flood Hazard Mapping and Risk Analysis Program

281,475

297,113

281,475

Regional Catastrophic Preparedness

10,800

11,400

High Risk Dam Safety

11,400

Emergency Food and Shelter

117,000

123,500

Next Generation Warning System

40,000

48,000

Community Project Funding grants

Subtotal, Grants

CRS-54

272,672

2,897,275

2,389,975

3,358,335

2,389,975

FY2025

Enacted

FY2026

Request

FY2026

Enacted

FY2027

Request

Education, Training, and Exercises

Center for Domestic Preparedness

71,352

72,490

85,711

72,288

Center for Homeland Defense and Security

16,200

17,100

16,200

Emergency Management Institute

32,240

30,805

33,366

30,351

U.S. Fire Administration

59,975

64,166

72,140

63,602

National Domestic Preparedness Consortium

90,900

95,950

Continuing Training Grants

14,400

15,200

National Exercise Program

20,920

19,881

21,266

CWMD Biological Support Program

83,657

CWMD Securing the Cities

34,465

CWMD Training, Exercises, and Readiness

19,559

Subtotal, Education, Training, and Exercises

Subtotal, Federal Assistance

19,732

305,987

203,542

478,414

202,173

3,203,262

2,593,517

3,836,749

2,592,148

Source: CRS analysis of DHS appropriations detail tables and the FY2027 DHS Budget Overview.

Notes: Items in italics are carveouts within the grant program listed above it in normal text. “CWMD” designates elements transferred to FEMA in FY2027 as a part of

the reorganization that eliminated the Office of Countering Weapons of Mass Destruction.

CRS-55

DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2027

Author Information

William L. Painter

Specialist in Homeland Security and Appropriations

Disclaimer

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Congressional Research Service

R48979 · VERSION 2 · NEW

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