Case law

Gulf Oil Corp. v. Panama Canal Co.

269 F. Supp. 793 · District Court, Canal Zone · Jun 5, 1967

“The above-cited statutes clearly establish Defendant Panama Canal Company as a corporate agency and instrumentality of the Government of the United States. … As such, suits and actions against the Panama Canal Company are governed by the doctrine of sovereign immunity. This sovereign immunity from suit has been specifically waived in such cases as the instant one.

Caton v. Canal Zone Government

522 F. Supp. 1 · District Court, Canal Zone · Oct 1, 1981

Clearly, this statute was intended to set forth policies to prevent discrimination in employment between U.S. citizens and Panamanians. … Because of their U.S. citizenship, these six black firefighters were qualified to apply for security positions, namely, the rank of Fire Sergeant.

Wallingford & Arango v. McCarty

69 F. Supp. 1000 · District Court, Canal Zone · Oct 17, 1940

The established practice and jurisdiction of courts should not be limited except by the clearly expressed will of the lawmakers. … Ninth: That even though a corporation has qualified and is licensed to do business in the Canal Zone and has designated an agent upon whom process may be served, it is not a resident of the Canal Zone unless it has established

De Vargas v. Panama Canal Co.

495 F. Supp. 779 · District Court, Canal Zone · Sep 25, 1980

The disability or incapacity of the plaintiff Vargas was established at five days. … A master-servant relationship, standing alone, is insufficient to establish privity.

Reinheimer v. Panama Canal Co.

344 F. Supp. 510 · District Court, Canal Zone · Jul 5, 1972

This Court is not qualified in the field of fixing pay rates and does not have in its personnel individuals who could be substituted for the agency. … he should adopt but will merely determine whether plaintiffs have established that his action, the Wage Study, was so arbitrary as to be clearly wrong.

Andros Shipping Co. v. Panama Canal Company

184 F. Supp. 246 · District Court, Canal Zone · Jun 6, 1960

The use of a tug ahead on a hawser to assist a “live” super-vessel in Gail-lard Cut is much more effective than the use of a tug alongside, and it is clearly the safer method. … Pilot Grant was established by the evidence to be a duly qualified Panama Canal Pilot and owed to the li-belant only his best care, skill, and judgment.

Sandoval v. Mitsui Sempaku K. K. Tokyo

313 F. Supp. 719 · District Court, Canal Zone · May 22, 1970

The relinquishment of sovereign immunity is done by the United States Government on its own terms. … Plaintiff is presently not qualified to do heavy manual labor because of his disability. 9.

Luckenbach Steamship Co. v. Panama Canal Co.

236 F. Supp. 866 · District Court, Canal Zone · Jan 11, 1965

He was a qualified and experienced Panama Canal pilot, having been employed in such capacity by respondent since 1944. He had not piloted the S.S. … The temporary failure of the steering gear is reasonably established by the evidence.

Louis Dreyfus & Cie. v. Panama Canal Co.

180 F. Supp. 313 · District Court, Canal Zone · Feb 2, 1960

Captain Jordan was fully qualified to command the tug Trinidad in assisting the Charles L.D. through the Panama Canal and was in all respects a competent Panama Canal towboat master. 7. … The use of a tug ahead on a hawser to assist a “live” vessel in Gail-lard Cut was at least as effective as the use of a tug alongside the vessel, and it is clearly the safer method.

Walker v. Chief Quarantine Officer

69 F. Supp. 980 · District Court, Canal Zone · Aug 14, 1943

Even the type of work he was to do clearly indicates that he was to be stationary: an operator of frequency' changer, which meant that he was to-change or transform the electric current established and used in the Canal Zone … From what we can understand, this was in accordance with an established and settled policy.

Compania de Aguaceros v. First National City Bank

256 F. Supp. 658 · District Court, Canal Zone · Aug 11, 1966

The defendant, The First National City Bank, is a national banking association organized and authorized to do business under the laws of the United States of America and has qualified to do business and is doing business … However, for the purpose of interpreting any obscure expression of law it is permissible to have recourse to the intention or spirit clearly manifested in the law itself or in the trustworthy history of its institution.”

Anderson v. Panama Canal Co.

194 F. Supp. 765 · District Court, Canal Zone · Apr 21, 1961

R. 3393, which became this statute, states this position clearly on page 12 thereof, as follows: “Section 203. … This provision clearly contemplates a test to determine that the people covered by this act are so included.

Playa De Flor Land & Improvement Co. v. United States

70 F. Supp. 281 · District Court, Canal Zone · Mar 20, 1945

The witnesses, four in number, appeared and qualified under the law of the land. … It is well established by the opinions of the courts that authority to appear in litigation and to subject the United States to the jurisdiction of a court must be clearly shown. See Carr v.