Case law

Merrett v. Moore

58 F.3d 1547 · Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit · Jul 25, 1995

In a later order, the court granted defendants Butterworth and Dempsey qualified immunity on the grounds that, at the time of the roadblocks, it was not clearly established that the operation violated plaintiffs' constitutional … So, the use of the dogs on the exterior of cars parked at these places did not constitute a search 13 And, because the operation violated no clearly established law, Dempsey and Butterworth are entitled to qualified immunity

Patricia Spurlin v. Floyd County, Georgia

Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit · Nov 7, 2025

On the First Amendment claim against Beck, the district court concluded that qualified immunity was appropriate because Spurlin had not alleged a clearly established constitutional violation. … First, she argues that her allegations against Beck, if true, would constitute a clearly established First Amendment violation, so qualified immunity is not appropriate.

Eva Locke v. Joyce Shore

Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit · Mar 1, 2011

A designer must complete a combined total of six years of interior design education and internship experience with a licensed interior designer to qualify for a Florida license. See Fla. … Stat. 1 Before the district court, Appellants also unsuccessfully challenged the licensing requirement under the Fourteenth Amendment’s Privileges or Immunities Clause.

United States v. James Robertson

Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit · Nov 12, 2013

Attorney’s established policy against orally entering offers of immunity, Porcelli claims that he never orally extended any sort of immunity deal to Robertson. 4 While there may be various groups who share … On this record, that finding of pretext was not clearly erroneous. 29

Michael Bratt v. Steven George

660 F. App'x 837 · Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit · Sep 2, 2016

A public official may immediately appeal a denial of qualified immunity where, as here, the disputed issue involves whether the defendant's conduct constitutes a violation of clearly established law. … In Coffin, we considered whether the law was clearly established that Fourth Amendment protection extended to open and attached garages for qualified-immunity purposes. Id. at 1003-05.

Florida Association Of Rehabilitation Facilities, Inc. v. State Of Florida Department Of Health And Rehabilitative Services

225 F.3d 1208 · Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit · Sep 14, 2000

Relief for these injuries is clearly prospective in nature." Id. at 1147 . 71 Rye does not help the Plaintiffs in this case. … the receipt of funds on a waiver of immunity.

Seminole Tribe of Florida v. State of Florida Department of Revenue

750 F.3d 1238 · Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit · May 5, 2014

Bradley, for example, the Supreme Court ruled that a federal court could require a state to institute school programs to eliminate the vestiges of racial segregation even though the establishment of those programs would cost … See Ford Motor Co., 323 U.S. at 463 , 65 S.Ct. at 350 (“This section [of the Indiana statute] clearly provides for a[n] action against the state, as opposed to one against the collecting official individually.”).

Tina Diane Windham v. City of Fairhope

597 F. App'x 1068 · Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit · Jan 29, 2015

“Under the doctrine of qualified immunity, government officials acting within their discretionary authority are immune from suit unless the official’s conduct violates clearly established federal statutory or constitutional … “To avoid summary judgment on qualified immunity grounds, the plaintiff’s allegations, supported by admissible evidence, must demonstrate both (1) a constitutional violation and (2) that the violation was clearly established

Simmons v. Conger

86 F.3d 1080 · Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit · Jul 3, 1996

The district court clearly erred in awarding damages against Judge Conger in his individual capacity because he is entitled to absolute judicial immunity from damages in this section 1983 case. … He clearly had jurisdiction over the Gosa matter, and there is no allegation to the contrary.

Alexander v. Fulton County

207 F.3d 1303 · Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit · Mar 30, 2000

immunity because the Plaintiffs failed to demonstrate that her conduct violated their clearly established statutory or constitutional rights.10 We review de novo the district court’s denial of qualified immunity … 16 law to be clearly established to the point that qualified immunity does not apply, the law must have earlier been developed in such a concrete and factually defined context to make it obvious to all reasonable government

Lucius Wordley v. Officer Pablo San Miguel

567 F. App'x 719 · Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit · May 23, 2014

Wordley did not meet his burden of establishing that qualified immunity should 2 Mr. … To be entitled to qualified immunity, a defendant must first establish that he was acting within the scope of his discretionary authority, meaning the 3 As Mr.

Adria Hill v. Orange County Sheriff

666 F. App'x 836 · Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit · Dec 19, 2016

Further, “[i]n this circuit, the law can be ‘clearly established’ for qualified immunity purposes only by decisions of the U.S. … Officers facing supervisory liability claims are entitled to qualified immunity unless the plaintiff states a violation of a clearly established constitutional right. See Harper v.

Alireza A. Nasseri v. City of Athens Alabama

373 F. App'x 15 · Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit · Apr 8, 2010

Qualified Immunity Millward nonetheless argues that he is entitled to qualified immunity on Nasseri’s deliberate indifference claim. … immunity if the right alleged to be violated was not clearly established.

Reese v. South Florida Water Management District

59 F.3d 1128 · Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit · Jul 27, 1995

Even assuming the water was released "solely for" or "only for" irrigation and other purposes, it was water contained within a multi-purpose federal flood control project, and James clearly held that all water … The Tenth Circuit found that while the reservoir was operated by the Corps for flood control purposes, the United States was not entitled to immunity because the "requisite nexus" was not established between its operation

Brent Jacoby v. Sheriff Huey Mack

666 F. App'x 759 · Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit · Nov 7, 2016

To overcome the qualified immunity defense, Jacoby must establish (1) that the defendants violated his constitutional rights and (2) “that the law clearly established those rights at the time of the alleged misconduct.” … immunity because the alleged unlawfulness of their conduct was not clearly established at the time it occurred.

Jefferson County, a Political Subdivision of the State of Alabama v. William M. Acker, Jr., Jefferson County, a Political Subdivision of the State of Alabama v. U.W. Clemon

137 F.3d 1314 · Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit · Mar 27, 1998

The judges are "officer[s] of the courts of the United States," but removal of an action under this section requires the satisfaction of two additional requirements: (1) the defendant must establish a "causal connection between … It based this ruling on two alternative grounds: (1) that the United States' significant interest in the tribes qualified them for the exception, and a symbolic joinder of the United States would serve no purpose; and (2)

31 Fair empl.prac.cas. 1578, 31 Empl. Prac. Dec. P 33,571 Frank L. Eastland, Individually v. Tennessee Valley Authority

704 F.2d 613 · Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit · Sep 12, 1983

The district court found that even if Eastland established that he was qualified for the position, TVA’s hiring decision was justified because the white applicant had superior qualifications. … This finding is clearly erroneous.

Timothy E. Johnson v. Agent Tony Williams

Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit · Nov 21, 2025

He maintained that the officers were not entitled to qualified immunity. … Therefore, we focus on whether Johnson established that the officers violated a constitutional right and that the right was clearly established at the time of the defendant’s actions.

Joel Dale Wright v. Secretary, Florida Department of Corrections

761 F.3d 1256 · Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit · Aug 4, 2014

“[I]t is not an unreasonable application of clearly established Federal law for a state court to decline to apply a specific legal rule that has not been squarely established by [the U.S. Supreme Court].” Knowles v. … established Federal law.”

S.S. Ex Rel. Montgomery v. Bolton

522 F. App'x 452 · Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit · Jun 11, 2013

district court’s denial of qualified immunity in an interlocutory appeal. … Discussion “Qualified immunity is applicable unless the official’s conduct violated a clearly established constitutional right.” Pearson v. Callahan, 555 U.S. 223, 232 (2009).