Patricia Giardina v. Department of the Navy

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD

PATRICIA ELLEN GIARDINA, DOCKET NUMBER

Appellant, AT-0752-20-0677-I-1

v.

DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY, DATE: March 25, 2024

Agency.

THIS FINAL ORDER IS NONPRECEDENTIAL 1

Georgia A. Lawrence , Esquire, and Shaun Southworth , Esquire, Atlanta,

Georgia, for the appellant.

David Kendrick , Esquire, Panama City, Florida, for the agency.

BEFORE

Cathy A. Harris, Chairman

Raymond A. Limon, Vice Chairman

FINAL ORDER

The appellant has filed a petition for review of the initial decision, which

affirmed her removal. Generally, we grant petitions such as this one only in the

following circumstances: the initial decision contains erroneous findings of

material fact; the initial decision is based on an erroneous interpretation of statute

or regulation or the erroneous application of the law to the facts of the case; the

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A nonprecedential order is one that the Board has determined does not add

significantly to the body of MSPB case law. Parties may cite nonprecedential orders,

but such orders have no precedential value; the Board and administrative judges are not

required to follow or distinguish them in any future decisions. In contrast, a

precedential decision issued as an Opinion and Order has been identified by the Board

as significantly contributing to the Board’s case law. See 5 C.F.R. § 1201.117(c).

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administrative judge’s rulings during either the course of the appeal or the initial

decision were not consistent with required procedures or involved an abuse of

discretion, and the resulting error affected the outcome of the case; or new and

material evidence or legal argument is available that, despite the petitioner’s due

diligence, was not available when the record closed. Title 5 of the Code of

Federal Regulations, section 1201.115 (5 C.F.R. § 1201.115). After fully

considering the filings in this appeal, we conclude that the petitioner has not

established any basis under section 1201.115 for granting the petition for review.

Therefore, we DENY the petition for review. Except as expressly MODIFIED to

apply the Board’s current standard for analyzing the appellant’s discrimination

and retaliation claims, we AFFIRM the initial decision.

BACKGROUND

At all times relevant to the present appeal, the appellant held the position

of Scientist (Oceanographer) with the Naval Surface Warfare Center Panama City

Division. Initial Appeal File (IAF), Tab 1 at 1, Tab 12 at 145. In 2019, the

appellant applied for a vacancy announcement for Branch Head for the Littoral

Acoustics and Target Physics Branch but was not selected. IAF, Tab 19 at 6,

15-16. The individual who was selected for the position in March 2019 became

the appellant’s first-level supervisor. IAF, Tab 12 at 51, Tab 19 at 16, 68.

In June 2019, the appellant’s new supervisor gave her a detailed tasking

assignment “to assist in the development of a written trade study focused on

non-GPS position, navigation and timing technologies specifically for maritime

environments.” IAF, Tab 12 at 97-101. The assignment set forth 6 specific tasks,

i.e., 5 research tasks and a 3,000-word trade study report presenting her findings

on the research tasks. Id. at 97-99. The assignment set forth deadlines for each

of the tasks, including a draft and final version of the trade study report. Id.

at 100. Finally, the assignment explicitly set forth the dates and times of weekly

status meetings between the appellant and her supervisor. Id. The original

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deadline to complete the research and draft report was September 30, 2019. Id.

at 97. However, in December 2019, the appellant’s supervisor provided an

extension of time, until February 5, 2020, in order to allow the appellant to

complete the tasking assignment and address the problems he identified with her

work product. Id. at 84, 92-96. In his email transmitting the updated tasking

assignment, the supervisor stated that the weekly meetings would recommence

and that the updated document contained a list of the dates, times, and locations

of the meetings. Id. at 84, 96.

The record suggests that the appellant and her supervisor had a difficult

working relationship from the start, resulting in progressive discipline concerning

the appellant’s purported disrespectful and unprofessional conduct, including a

May 2019 letter of reprimand, a June 2019 three-day suspension, an August 2019

five-day suspension, and a November 2019 twelve-day suspension. Id. at 128-43.

In September 2019, the appellant filed a formal equal employment

opportunity (EEO) complaint raising over 20 claims on the basis of age, race,

color, religion, and retaliation for EEO activity, including her nonselection for the

supervisory position. IAF, Tab 11 at 34-40, 72. The formal EEO complaint

included 15 claims identifying the supervisor and 6 claims identifying the

Division Head, concerning disciplinary actions ranging from the letter of

reprimand to suspensions. Id. at 73-75. The appellant amended her EEO

complaint in November 2019 to include a 12-day suspension identifying the

Division Head. Id. at 88-90, 95.

In January 2020, the supervisor issued a notice of proposed removal based

on the charges of unprofessional conduct (one specification) and failure to follow

instructions (one specification). IAF, Tab 12 at 57-61. The first specification

alleged that the appellant failed to attend a scheduled weekly meeting regarding

the tasking assignment on December 18, 2019. Id. at 57. The specification

further stated that the appellant’s response to her supervisor’s email concerning

the missed meeting included the following statement: “I am a Scientist, I would

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like to conduct research at work. I do not want to play administrative games with

you. Please be respectful of me as a person and a Scientist.” Id. at 57-58. The

failure to follow instructions charge alleged that the appellant failed to meet the

extended January 10, 2020 deadline for the five research tasks in the tasking

assignment and that she had not informed her supervisor of any potential

problems with meeting the due dates. Id. at 58. The supervisor noted that he had

provided “generous time extensions” despite the appellant’s refusal to meet her

deadlines, and that she failed to incorporate his assessments on her drafts. Id.

The agency rescinded the proposed removal and issued a subsequent

proposal to remove the appellant following events that transpired during the

January 28, 2020 meeting in which the agency presented the appellant with the

proposed action. Id. at 51-56. The new proposal included two additional

specifications of unprofessional conduct, based on the findings of a Command

Evaluation and Investigations Office inquiry. Id. at 52-53. The Command

Directed Investigation (CDI) report substantiated allegations that the appellant

had made inappropriate remarks to Federal employees and used a personal

cellphone camera to take unauthorized pictured on the U.S. Navy installation. Id.

at 72-81. Specification 2 alleged that, after being presented with the notice of

proposed removal, the appellant called her colleagues derogatory names including

“despicable” and “idiots,” and that she referred to certain management officials as

“fucking despicable, low-lifes.” Id. at 52. The specification further alleged that

the appellant exhibited disorderly conduct while being escorted by base police by

“physically trying to push past a police officer and get into the [commanding

officer’s] office,” before eventually complying with directions to leave the

building. Id. Specification 3 alleged that the appellant took photographs of base

police officers with her cell phone despite being directed “repeatedly to put the

phone down,” and that she was brought to the base police station for processing.

Id. at 53. The specification alleged that the appellant had violated an agency

policy regarding the use of cameras on the installation. Id. The deciding official

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sustained the proposed removal. Id. at 16-23. He sustained specifications 1 and

2 of the charge of unprofessional conduct and the charge of failure to follow

instructions. Id. at 18-21. He did not sustain specification 3 of the

unprofessional conduct charge. Id. at 19-20.

The appellant timely appealed her removal, arguing that the agency

“retaliated against her for prohibited personnel practices and age discrimination.”

IAF, Tab 1 at 4. The appellant maintained that she “was subjected to

unwarranted severe progressive disciplinary action” for 1 year and experienced

severe prejudice for many years. Id. After holding a hearing, the administrative

judge issued an initial decision affirming the appellant’s removal. IAF, Tab 30,

Initial Decision (ID) at 1, 17. She found that the agency proved the charges of

unprofessional conduct and failure to follow instructions. ID at 5-12. The

administrative judge found that the agency had established a nexus between the

appellant’s misconduct and the efficiency of the service and that the penalty of

removal was reasonable. ID at 12, 16. Finally, she found that the appellant failed

to prove her affirmative defenses of discrimination based on race or age or

retaliation for EEO activity. ID at 12-15.

The appellant has filed a petition for review, challenging the administrative

judge’s findings sustaining the charges and penalty and determining that she

failed to prove her affirmative defenses. Petition for Review (PFR) File, Tab 1

at 7-15. The agency has filed a substantive response, and the appellant has filed a

reply. PFR File, Tabs 3-4.

DISCUSSION OF ARGUMENTS ON REVIEW

The appellant’s due process argument is unpersuasive.

On petition for review, the appellant argues that the initial decision must be

reversed because the deciding official “committed a due process error” by

considering the appellant’s allegedly unacceptable performance as an aggravating

factor, without notifying her that he was considering performance in the penalty

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determination. PFR File, Tab 1 at 6-7; ID at 13 n.16. The administrative judge

noted that the appellant raised this argument for the first time at the hearing. ID

at 13 n.16. During the hearing, the deciding official testified that he had

completed a written, formal penalty analysis and provided the document to

Human Resources (HR). IAF, Tab 28, Hearing Testimony (HT). Because it was

unclear whether the agency had produced the document during discovery, the

administrative judge ordered the agency to submit the Douglas 2 factors checklist

into the record. Id.; IAF, Tab 27. The administrative judge found the appellant’s

argument to be without merit, “considering this action was predicated on the

appellant’s poor performance and failure to complete her work as required.” ID

at 12 n.16.

When an agency intends to rely on aggravating factors as the basis for the

imposition of a penalty, such factors should be included in the advance notice of

adverse action so that the employee will have a fair opportunity to respond to

those factors before the agency’s deciding official. Lopes v. Department of the

Navy, 116 M.S.P.R. 470, ¶ 5 (2011). The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal

Circuit has explained that, if an employee has not been given notice of any of the

aggravating factors supporting an enhanced penalty, an ex parte communication

with the deciding official regarding such factors may constitute a constitutional

due process violation because it potentially deprives the employee of notice of all

of the evidence being used against her and the opportunity to respond to it. Ward

v. U.S. Postal Service, 634 F.3d 1274, 1280 (Fed. Cir. 2011). This analysis

applies not only to ex parte communications introducing information that

previously was unknown to the deciding official, but also to information

personally known and considered by the deciding official, if that information was

not included in the notice of proposed removal to the appellant. Lopes,

116 M.S.P.R. 470, ¶ 10.

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In Douglas v. Veterans Administration, 5 M.S.P.R. 280, 305-06 (1981), the Board set

forth a nonexhaustive list of 12 factors that are relevant in assessing the penalty to be

imposed for an act of misconduct.

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On review, the appellant acknowledges that the notice of proposed removal

“mentioned job performance,” but maintains that she had not been told prior to

her removal that her job performance was unacceptable. PFR File, Tab 1 at 6;

IAF, Tab 12 at 54. She argues that the administrative judge “erroneously

conclude[d]” that her removal was predicated on poor performance, when the

action concerned alleged misconduct. PFR File, Tab 1 at 7. The appellant asserts

that the agency “provided no advanced warning” that the removal action was

based on poor performance and that “it was a shock” to learn this information

during the hearing. Id. In her reply to the agency’s response to the petition for

review, the appellant seems to combine her due process argument with her

affirmative defense of retaliation for EEO activity. PFR File, Tab 4 at 5. In

support of her conclusory declaration that, “[b]ased on the record there is no

way” that the deciding official considered only the material in the notice of

proposed removal, the appellant merely states that the proposing and deciding

officials are named parties in her EEO complaint. Id.

The appellant mischaracterizes the administrative judge’s findings.

Although the administrative judge noted in a footnote that the removal action was

“predicated on the appellant’s poor performance and failure to complete her work

as required,” the initial decision sustained the appellant’s removal for two

charges of misconduct pursuant to chapter 75. ID at 5-12, 13 n.16. As the

agency argues, the notice of proposed removal referenced extensive prior

discipline for unprofessional conduct towards management officials and failure to

follow instructions regarding her work assignments. PFR File, Tab 4 at 5; IAF,

Tab 12 at 54. Copies of all of the disciplinary actions were enclosed with the

notice of proposed removal. IAF, Tab 12 at 128-43. Given her extensive prior

discipline related to the carrying out of her job duties and interactions with

management, the appellant’s assertion that “it was a shock” to learn at the hearing

that her job performance played a role in the penalty analysis is not credible, at

best. PFR File, Tab 1 at 7.

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During the hearing, the appellant’s attorney asked the deciding official

several direct questions about the appellant’s job performance, beginning with the

question, “Didn’t she maintain an excellent record for 30 years?” HT. The

deciding official testified that, while the appellant had never been on a

performance improvement plan, her performance was barely satisfactory. HT.

The deciding official testified that his decision was based on conduct, not

performance. HT. Regarding the Douglas factors worksheet, the deciding

official did check “No” to the question of whether the appellant’s performance

was “currently acceptable.” IAF, Tab 27 at 7. However, in the explanation

section discussing his finding that it was an aggravating factor, the deciding

official highlighted the appellant’s shortcomings in engaging with fellow

coworkers, securing funding for projects, and that she was not dependable on

research-related tasks. Id. These issues were addressed in the notice of proposed

removal and the appellant’s prior disciplinary actions. IAF, Tab 12 at 54, 126-43.

Moreover, the deciding official stated in the decision letter that he had taken into

account the appellant’s “performance on the job, ability to get along with fellow

workers, and dependability.” Id. at 21. Therefore, we find that the appellant has

presented no convincing evidence or argument that the agency deprived her of

notice of all of the evidence being used against her and the opportunity to respond

to it. Ward, 634 F.3d at 1280; Lopes, 116 M.S.P.R. 470, ¶ 5; see 5 C.F.R.

§ 1201.56(b)(2)(i)(c) (stating that the appellant has the burden of proof with

respect to affirmative defenses).

The appellant has presented no basis for disturbing the administrative judge’s

findings that the agency proved the charges and the reasonableness of the penalty.

The administrative judge properly sustained the charges of

unprofessional conduct and failure to follow instructions.

On petition for review, the appellant argues that the administrative judge

erred in sustaining the charges. PFR File, Tab 1 at 7-13. Most of her arguments

constitute mere disagreement with the administrative judge’s factual findings and

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credibility determinations. Id. The administrative judge thoroughly reviewed the

record evidence and made reasoned credibility findings in sustaining the charges

of unprofessional conduct and failure to follow instructions. ID at 6-12. We note

that the appellant does not challenge the administrative judge’s finding that the

agency proved that there was a nexus between the charged misconduct and the

efficiency of the service, and we see no basis to disturb that finding. PFR File,

Tab 1 at 4-15, Tab 4 at 4-7; ID at 12. For the reasons discussed below, we find

that the appellant has presented no basis for us to reweigh the evidence or

substitute our assessment of the evidence for that of the administrative judge. ID

at 9-26; see Crosby v. U.S. Postal Service, 74 M.S.P.R. 98, 105-06 (1997)

(finding no reason to disturb the administrative judge’s findings when she

considered the evidence as a whole, drew appropriate inferences, and made

reasoned conclusions on issues of credibility); Broughton v. Department of

Health & Human Services, 33 M.S.P.R. 357, 359 (1987).

Regarding specification 1 of the unprofessional conduct charge, the

administrative judge found the proposing official’s testimony straightforward,

sincere, and consistent with the written record. ID at 7 (citing Hillen v.

Department of the Army, 35 M.S.P.R. 453, 458-62 (1987) (identifying factors that

an administrative judge must consider in making credibility determinations). In

contrast, she found that the appellant’s testimony conflicted with the written

evidence and was not believable. ID at 7. On review, the appellant argues that

she was present at the time of the scheduled meeting and that her email, the

content of which she does not challenge, was not unprofessional. PFR File, Tab 1

at 8-16. She declares that “it is inherently improbable” that her supervisor was at

the meeting because he did not send her an email about her failure to attend the

meeting until 114 minutes after the scheduled time. Id. at 8. The appellant’s

arguments are mere disagreement with the administrative judge’s findings and she

does not present a compelling basis for overturning the administrative judge’s

credibility determinations. See Haebe v. Department of Justice, 288 F.3d 1288,

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1301 (Fed. Cir. 2002) (holding that the Board may overturn credibility

determinations only when it has “sufficiently sound” reasons for doing so).

Regarding specification 2 of the unprofessional conduct charge, the

administrative judge considered the testimony of the proposing official as well as

agency HR and security personnel. ID at 8-9; IAF, Tab 12 at 19, 72-81. The

appellant does not challenge the facts set forth in the specification, but rather

argues that the agency exaggerated the severity of the behavior, essentially

making an argument that the penalty was excessive because calling agency

personnel “despicable and idiots . . . does not warrant removal.” PFR File, Tab 1

at 10-11. She declares that her trying to enter the base commander’s office, but

stopping after security intervened, constituted “oppositional activity,” not

unprofessional conduct. Id. at 11. The administrative judge properly considered

the testimony of the appellant and multiple agency witnesses, rather than relying

on the CDI report, which contained only the investigator’s conclusions rather than

the original witness statements and for which appellant was not interviewed. ID

at 10 n.14. The appellant does not raise any argument that warrants the Board

reweighing the evidence or substituting our assessment with that of the

administrative judge. See Crosby, 74 M.S.P.R. at 105-06; Broughton,

33 M.S.P.R. at 359.

Finally, the appellant asserts that the administrative judge “impermissibly

ignore[d]” specification 3 of the unprofessional conduct charge. PFR File, Tab 1

at 11. Contrary to the appellant’s assertion, the administrative judge specifically

noted that the deciding official did not sustain this specification. ID at 6 n.9;

IAF, Tab 12 at 19-20. It is well established that the Board is required to review

the agency’s decision in an adverse action solely on the grounds invoked by the

agency. See Byers v. Department of Veterans Affairs, 89 M.S.P.R. 655, ¶ 22

(2001). Indeed, any consideration of this specification by the administrative

judge would have been in error. See Akers v. Department of the Treasury,

100 M.S.P.R. 270, ¶ 7 (2005) (finding that the administrative judge’s action of

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sustaining a specification that the deciding official did not sustain was error),

aff’d, 190 F. App’x 941 (Fed. Cir. 2006).

Regarding the charge of failure to follow instructions, the appellant’s

primary argument seems to be that, because the proposing official acknowledged

in the specification that she had given “generous time extensions,” the

administrative judge erred in finding that she had failed to follow the instructions

in the tasking assignment. PFR File, Tab 1 at 12-13; IAF, Tab 12 at 20-21. The

administrative judge found that the appellant failed to complete the assignments

even after receiving multiple extensions. ID at 10-11. Although the appellant

maintains that she completed the tasking assignment “multiple times” and the

proposing official chose not to accept her work, the administrative judge noted

that the appellant did not deny that she failed to incorporate his edits and the

appellant does not challenge this finding on review. ID at 11; PFR File, Tab 1

at 12. The documentary evidence in the record demonstrates that the appellant

received clear notice and instructions from her supervisor regarding her missed

deadlines and incomplete tasks. IAF, Tab 12 at 84, 102, 110. The appellant’s

conclusory argument that the proposing official “set [her] up for failure” is not

supported by the evidence. PFR File, Tab 1 at 12.

The administrative judge properly sustained the penalty of removal.

When, as here, all of the agency’s charges are sustained, the Board will

review the agency-imposed penalty only to determine if the agency considered all

of the relevant factors and exercised management discretion within the tolerable

limits of reasonableness. See Pinegar v. Federal Election Commission,

105 M.S.P.R. 677, ¶ 53 (2007); Douglas v. Veterans Administration, 5 M.S.P.R.

280, 305-06 (1981). In making this determination, the Board must give due

deference to the agency’s primary discretion in maintaining employee discipline

and efficiency, recognizing that the Board’s function is not to displace

management’s responsibility, but to ensure that managerial judgment has been

properly exercised. Pinegar, 105 M.S.P.R. 677, ¶ 53. The Board will modify or

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mitigate an agency-imposed penalty only when it finds that the agency failed to

weigh the relevant factors or that the penalty clearly exceeds the bounds of

reasonableness. Id.

Regarding the penalty, we first note that the bulk of the appellant’s

arguments about the penalty actually concern her affirmative defenses. She

opines that the penalty of removal was improper because the removal action was

“tainted by discrimination and retaliation.” PFR File, Tab 1 at 7-15. The

appellant argues that the proposing official “relied on communications of

protected EEO and whistleblowing activity to justify increasingly harsh

discipline.” PFR File, Tab 4 at 5. Her main argument addressing the penalty is

that the administrative judge should have considered the issue of provocation in

determining whether the penalty of removal was reasonable, particularly

concerning the unprofessional conduct charge regarding her behavior at the

meeting in which the agency presented her with the notice of proposed removal.

PFR File, Tab 1 at 9-10. She also asserts generally that the proposing official’s

“harassment was part of the provocation” and that the agency was “taking

advantage of how they unfairly provoked [her] by failing to separate her from her

harasser.” Id. at 10. The deciding official testified that it was the agency’s

practice to have the supervisor, in addition to HR, present for all proposed

disciplinary actions. HT.

The administrative judge found that the deciding official’s testimony was

consistent with his statements in the removal decision letter. ID at 16; HT; IAF,

Tab 12 at 22. In finding the appellant’s past discipline an aggravating factor, the

deciding official emphasized that the nature of the appellant’s earlier

disrespectful and unprofessional misconduct was similar to that in the present

appeal. IAF, Tab 12 at 22, Tab 27 at 6. Additionally, the administrative judge

noted that the appellant’s extensive prior discipline “put her on notice that her

continued behavior would not be tolerated” and demonstrated “a consistent failure

to comply with instructions.” ID at 16. Therefore, the administrative judge

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found that the appellant’s 34 years of Federal service were outweighed by the

aggravating factors. Id. The appellant’s conclusory argument that she should not

be held accountable for her conduct because the agency provoked her by failing

to separate her from the supervisor she claimed was “her harasser” provides no

basis for disturbing the administrative judge’s penalty assessment. PFR File,

Tab 1 at 10. We agree with the administrative judge that the deciding official

properly weighed the appropriate Douglas factors and that the record supports the

penalty of removal. ID at 16.

The administrative judge correctly found that the appellant failed to prove her

discrimination and retaliation affirmative defenses.

The appellant asserts that the administrative judge erred in finding that the

preponderance of the evidence did not support her claims of discrimination based

on age and race. PFR File, Tab 4 at 5. In the initial decision, the administrative

judge concluded that the appellant failed to prove that age or race was a

motivating factor in her removal. ID at 13-14. The administrative judge found

that the appellant had “done little to explain why she believed her age was a

factor in the agency’s decision to remove her” other than raising the affirmative

defense of age discrimination. ID at 13. Similarly, the administrative judge

found that the appellant “provided scant evidence” to support her claim of

discrimination on the basis of race. ID at 14.

The Age Discrimination in Employment Act states that “personnel

actions . . . shall be made free from any discrimination based on age.” 29 U.S.C.

§ 633a(a). Similarly, Title VII requires that such actions “shall be made free

from any discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.”

42 U.S.C. § 2000e-16(a). Thus, an appellant may prove a claim of discrimination

by showing that such discrimination “play[ed] any part” in the way a decision

was made. Babb v. Wilkie, 140 S. Ct. 1168, 1173-74 (2020); Pridgen v. Office of

Management and Budget, 2022 MSPB 31, ¶ 21. A finding that prohibited

discrimination played “any part” in the contested action is the same as a finding

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of “motivating factor.” Pridgen, 2022 MSPB 31, ¶ 21. One may prove

discrimination by various methods. Id., ¶¶ 23-24.

On review, the appellant’s entire argument regarding age discrimination

consists of a statement that she was over 40 years old at the time of the relevant

events in the removal proceeding and “show[ed] that similarly situated employees

were treated differently.” PFR File, Tab 4 at 6. She does not cite any evidence

or argument in the record or hearing testimony where she identified purported

comparators. Id. Regarding her claim of discrimination on the basis of race, the

appellant makes no argument whatsoever on review in support of her conclusory

declaration that the administrative judge erred in finding that the evidence did not

support the claim. PFR File, Tabs 1, 4. The appellant has provided no basis for

disturbing the administrative judge’s findings that she failed to prove that either

her race or age was a motivating factor in the agency’s action.

The appellant also challenges the administrative judge’s findings on her

retaliation claim, arguing that the agency took “intentional and deliberate steps”

to harm her after she filed an EEO complaint regarding her nonselection for the

branch chief position and intended to “chill her EEO rights.” PFR File, Tab 1

at 13. Claims of retaliation for opposing discrimination in violation of Title VII

are analyzed under the same framework used for Title VII discrimination claims.

Pridgen, 2022 MSPB 11, ¶ 30. Thus, the appellant must establish by

preponderant evidence that her EEO activity was at least a motivating factor in

her removal. Id., ¶ 31.

On review, the appellant claims that a prior disciplinary action, a 5-day

suspension for disrespectful and unprofessional conduct concerning an email the

appellant sent to her supervisor, was “direct evidence of retaliation” because

agency officials disciplined her for “complaining about their harassment.” PFR

File, Tab 1 at 13; IAF, Tab 12 at 135-36. She argues that her “removal builds on

this rotten core” and “is necessarily tainted by it.” PFR File, Tab 1 at 14. The

appellant’s email to her supervisor (the proposing official in both the suspension

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and present removal actions) that resulted in the suspension contained the

sentence, “I in no way accept the harassment by you or any other people in X

department.” IAF, Tab 12 at 136. However, the seven-sentence email also stated

that her supervisor “and all involved [were] a disgrace to the US Navy” and that

she was “not forgiving” and would “not forget all these actions taken.” Id.

During the hearing, in response to extensive questioning from the appellant’s

attorney regarding the circumstances around this prior discipline, the deciding

official testified that there was “no tolerance for harassment in his organization”

and that he had referred the matter to HR because the mail contained the word

“harassment.” HT. As noted by the administrative judge, the deciding official

testified that he told the appellant, “if you feeling like you’re being harassed, let’s

go to EEO.” ID at 15; HT. The appellant’s attorney questioned the deciding

official whether he disciplined her for sending an email using the term

“harassment,” and the deciding official responded that the basis of the suspension

was the overall disrespectful statements in the email to her supervisor and not that

she had raised the issue of harassment. HT.

Having reviewed the relevant hearing testimony and written record, we find

the appellant’s argument that the agency took progressive discipline against her in

order to chill her EEO rights unpersuasive and unsupported by the evidence. PFR

File, Tab 1 at 13. We note that the administrative judge focused only on the

appellant’s nonselection claim in her formal EEO complaint filed in

September 2019, but the complaint included numerous other claims prior to the

branch chief hiring action and subsequent actions taken by the proposing and

deciding officials, including the progressive discipline actions. ID at 15; IAF,

Tab 11 at 38-39, 48-49, 88-89, 97-98. 3 Therefore, although the administrative

judge correctly noted that the proposing official was the selectee in the contested

3

The appellant amended her EEO complaint to include the notice of proposed removal.

IAF, Tab 11 at 104. However, a signed statement from the agency’s Deputy Director of

EEO stated that there was no record of any amendment to the complaint adding the

removal action itself. Id. at 27.

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hiring action and not involved in the selection decision, the appellant did raise

numerous complaints regarding actions taken by him. ID at 15. Nevertheless, the

appellant’s repeated amendments to her EEO complaint adding actions taken by

the proposing officials do not demonstrate that the removal action was taken in

retaliation for this EEO activity.

The appellant asserts on review that the agency failed to follow U.S. Navy

and Department of Defense policies about separating an employee from her

“harasser.” PFR File, Tab 1 at 14, Tab 4 at 5. Although she cites generally to

lengthy policies about conduct, she does not cite to any specific provision or any

regulation with which she claims the agency failed to comply.

Finally, regarding the specification 3 of the unprofessional conduct charge,

which was not sustained by the deciding official, the clear language reflects that

the specification was based on the report of an investigation directed by the

commanding officer of the U.S. naval installation. IAF, Tab 12 at 52-53. We

find the appellant’s assertion on review that the proposing official’s inclusion of

this specification constituted evidence of retaliation without merit. PFR File,

Tab 1 at 14. Therefore, we agree with the administrative judge’s motivating

factor analysis. Because we find that the appellant failed to prove that

discrimination on the basis of age or race or retaliation for EEO activity was a

motivating factor in her removal, we do not reach the question of whether these

factors were a “but-for” cause of the removal action. See Pridgen, 2022 MSPB

11, ¶¶ 22, 31.

The issue of the appellant’s security clearance is not before the Board.

Finally, the appellant’s allegations on review that the agency tampered with

her security clearance by providing information about the charged misconduct to

the Department of Defense Central Adjudication Facility and “appears to have

blocked” her transfer to another U.S. Navy position are outside the scope of the

present removal appeal. PFR File, Tab 1 at 15, Tab 4 at 7; see Maddox v. Merit

Systems Protection Board, 759 F.2d 9, 10 (Fed. Cir. 1985) (stating that the

17

Board’s jurisdiction is limited to those matters over which it has been given

jurisdiction by law, rule, or regulation).

Accordingly, we deny the petition for review and affirm the initial decision

as modified by this Final Order.

NOTICE OF APPEAL RIGHTS 4

The initial decision, as supplemented by this Final Order, constitutes the

Board’s final decision in this matter. 5 C.F.R. § 1201.113. You may obtain

review of this final decision. 5 U.S.C. § 7703(a)(1). By statute, the nature of

your claims determines the time limit for seeking such review and the appropriate

forum with which to file. 5 U.S.C. § 7703(b). Although we offer the following

summary of available appeal rights, the Merit Systems Protection Board does not

provide legal advice on which option is most appropriate for your situation and

the rights described below do not represent a statement of how courts will rule

regarding which cases fall within their jurisdiction. If you wish to seek review of

this final decision, you should immediately review the law applicable to your

claims and carefully follow all filing time limits and requirements. Failure to file

within the applicable time limit may result in the dismissal of your case by your

chosen forum.

Please read carefully each of the three main possible choices of review

below to decide which one applies to your particular case. If you have questions

about whether a particular forum is the appropriate one to review your case, you

should contact that forum for more information.

(1) Judicial review in general . As a general rule, an appellant seeking

judicial review of a final Board order must file a petition for review with the U.S.

Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, which must be received by the court

4

Since the issuance of the initial decision in this matter, the Board may have updated

the notice of review rights included in final decisions. As indicated in the notice, the

Board cannot advise which option is most appropriate in any matter.

18

within 60 calendar days of the date of issuance of this decision. 5 U.S.C.

§ 7703(b)(1)(A).

If you submit a petition for review to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the

Federal Circuit, you must submit your petition to the court at the

following address:

U.S. Court of Appeals

for the Federal Circuit

717 Madison Place, N.W.

Washington, D.C. 20439

Additional information about the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal

Circuit is available at the court’s website, www.cafc.uscourts.gov. Of particular

relevance is the court’s “Guide for Pro Se Petitioners and Appellants,” which is

contained within the court’s Rules of Practice, and Forms 5, 6, 10, and 11.

If you are interested in securing pro bono representation for an appeal to

the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, you may visit our website at

http://www.mspb.gov/probono for information regarding pro bono representation

for Merit Systems Protection Board appellants before the Federal Circuit. The

Board neither endorses the services provided by any attorney nor warrants that

any attorney will accept representation in a given case.

(2) Judicial or EEOC review of cases involving a claim of

discrimination . This option applies to you only if you have claimed that you

were affected by an action that is appealable to the Board and that such action

was based, in whole or in part, on unlawful discrimination. If so, you may obtain

judicial review of this decision—including a disposition of your discrimination

claims —by filing a civil action with an appropriate U.S. district court ( not the

U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit), within 30 calendar days after you

receive this decision. 5 U.S.C. § 7703(b)(2); see Perry v. Merit Systems

Protection Board, 582 U.S. 420 (2017). If you have a representative in this case,

and your representative receives this decision before you do, then you must file

19

with the district court no later than 30 calendar days after your representative

receives this decision. If the action involves a claim of discrimination based on

race, color, religion, sex, national origin, or a disabling condition, you may be

entitled to representation by a court-appointed lawyer and to waiver of any

requirement of prepayment of fees, costs, or other security. See 42 U.S.C.

§ 2000e-5(f) and 29 U.S.C. § 794a.

Contact information for U.S. district courts can be found at their respective

websites, which can be accessed through the link below:

http://www.uscourts.gov/Court_Locator/CourtWebsites.aspx .

Alternatively, you may request review by the Equal Employment

Opportunity Commission (EEOC) of your discrimination claims only, excluding

all other issues . 5 U.S.C. § 7702(b)(1). You must file any such request with the

EEOC’s Office of Federal Operations within 30 calendar days after you receive

this decision. 5 U.S.C. § 7702(b)(1). If you have a representative in this case,

and your representative receives this decision before you do, then you must file

with the EEOC no later than 30 calendar days after your representative receives

this decision.

If you submit a request for review to the EEOC by regular U.S. mail, the

address of the EEOC is:

Office of Federal Operations

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

P.O. Box 77960

Washington, D.C. 20013

If you submit a request for review to the EEOC via commercial delivery or

by a method requiring a signature, it must be addressed to:

Office of Federal Operations

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

131 M Street, N.E.

Suite 5SW12G

Washington, D.C. 20507

20

(3) Judicial review pursuant to the Whistleblower Protection

Enhancement Act of 2012 . This option applies to you only if you have raised

claims of reprisal for whistleblowing disclosures under 5 U.S.C. § 2302(b)(8) or

other protected activities listed in 5 U.S.C. § 2302(b)(9)(A)(i), (B), (C), or (D).

If so, and your judicial petition for review “raises no challenge to the Board’s

disposition of allegations of a prohibited personnel practice described in

section 2302(b) other than practices described in section 2302(b)(8), or 2302(b)

(9)(A)(i), (B), (C), or (D),” then you may file a petition for judicial review either

with the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit or any court of appeals of

competent jurisdiction. 5 The court of appeals must receive your petition for

review within 60 days of the date of issuance of this decision. 5 U.S.C.

§ 7703(b)(1)(B).

If you submit a petition for judicial review to the U.S. Court of Appeals for

the Federal Circuit, you must submit your petition to the court at the

following address:

U.S. Court of Appeals

for the Federal Circuit

717 Madison Place, N.W.

Washington, D.C. 20439

Additional information about the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal

Circuit is available at the court’s website, www.cafc.uscourts.gov. Of particular

relevance is the court’s “Guide for Pro Se Petitioners and Appellants,” which is

contained within the court’s Rules of Practice, and Forms 5, 6, 10, and 11.

5

The original statutory provision that provided for judicial review of certain

whistleblower claims by any court of appeals of competent jurisdiction expired on

December 27, 2017. The All Circuit Review Act, signed into law by the President on

July 7, 2018, permanently allows appellants to file petitions for judicial review of

MSPB decisions in certain whistleblower reprisal cases with the U.S. Court of Appeals

for the Federal Circuit or any other circuit court of appeals of competent jurisdiction.

The All Circuit Review Act is retroactive to November 26, 2017. Pub. L. No. 115-195,

132 Stat. 1510.

21

If you are interested in securing pro bono representation for an appeal to

the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, you may visit our website at

http://www.mspb.gov/probono for information regarding pro bono representation

for Merit Systems Protection Board appellants before the Federal Circuit. The

Board neither endorses the services provided by any attorney nor warrants that

any attorney will accept representation in a given case.

Contact information for the courts of appeals can be found at their

respective websites, which can be accessed through the link below:

http://www.uscourts.gov/Court_Locator/CourtWebsites.aspx .

FOR THE BOARD: ______________________________

Gina K. Grippando

Clerk of the Board

Washington, D.C.