The opinion
STATE OF WEST VIRGINIA
SUPREME COURT OF APPEALS
Deborah L. Hale, Respondent Below,
Petitioner FILED
June 28, 2013
vs) No. 12-0776 (Kanawha County 11-AA-95) RORY L. PERRY II, CLERK
SUPREME COURT OF APPEALS
OF WEST VIRGINIA
West Virginia Department of Transportation,
Division of Highways, Petitioner Below,
and Kristen Cook, Intervenor Below,
Respondents
MEMORANDUM DECISION
Petitioner Deborah L. Hale, by counsel John W. Feuchtenberger, appeals the Circuit
Court of Kanawha County’s February 17, 2012 order reversing the decision of the West Virginia
Public Employees Grievance Board (“Grievance Board”) granting petitioner relief on her
grievance. Respondent West Virginia Department of Transportation, Division of Highways
(“DOT”), by counsel Krista D. Black, has filed a response and also asserted a cross-assignment
of error in regard to this order. Petitioner has also filed a reply. Kristen Cook has made no
appearance in this matter.
The Court has considered the parties’ briefs and the record on appeal. The facts and legal
arguments are adequately presented, and the decisional process would not be significantly aided
by oral argument. Upon consideration of the standard of review, the briefs, and the record
presented, the Court finds no substantial question of law and no prejudicial error. For these
reasons, a memorandum decision is appropriate under Rule 21 of the Rules of Appellate
Procedure.
In 2009, Respondent DOT posted a new position in District Ten for an Administrative
Services Manager 1. Interviewees were chosen by a committee consisting of Jeff Black, the
director of the human resources division, and Gene Godfrey, a mid-level manager in the central
DOT headquarters. Both petitioner and Respondent Cook were among the chosen interview
candidates, and Cook was eventually selected for the position. In April of 2010, petitioner filed a
Level I grievance because she was not selected for the position, and a conference was held on
April 16, 2010. By decision issued on May 5, 2010, the grievance was denied. Petitioner
appealed the decision to Level II, where mediation was unsuccessful. On July 13, 2010,
petitioner appealed the decision to Level III. Following a hearing, the Administrative Law Judge
(“ALJ”) granted petitioner’s grievance. Respondent DOT was ordered to place petitioner in the
grieved position with increased compensation and all additional pay and benefits, with back pay,
and appropriate statutory interest and benefits beginning April 1, 2010. Thereafter, Respondent
DOT filed an appeal in the circuit court. By order entered on February 17, 2012, the circuit court
reversed the Grievance Board’s decision. It is from this order that petitioner appeals, alleging
three assignments of error.
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This Court has previously held that “‘[a] final order of the hearing examiner for the West
Virginia Educational Employees Grievance Board . . . should not be reversed unless clearly
wrong.’ Syllabus Point 1, Randolph County Board of Education v. Scalia, 182 W.Va. 289, 387
S.E.2d 524 (1989).” Syl. Pt. 3, in part, Alderman v. Pocahontas Cnty. Bd. of Educ., 223 W.Va.
431, 675 S.E.2d 907 (2009) (internal citations omitted). Upon our review, the Court concludes
that the circuit court did not improperly review the Grievance Board’s decision nor did it err in
reversing that decision. While petitioner argues that the circuit court applied an incorrect
standard of review in reaching its decision to reverse, the Court finds that petitioner is entitled to
no relief in regard to this assignment of error. A review of the order in question shows that the
circuit court found “that the decision of the ALJ for the [Grievance Board] was clearly wrong in
view of the reliable, probative and substantial evidence on the whole record.” As such, it is clear
that the circuit court applied a “clearly wrong” standard as required by Scalia and Alderman.
In reaching its determination as to the ALJ’s decision being clearly wrong, the circuit
court also found that the ALJ substituted her judgment for that of the interviewers in identifying
a significant flaw in the selection process. The circuit court applied an arbitrary and capricious
standard in reviewing the ALJ’s finding as to a significant flaw in the selection process. We have
previously held that “[t]he ‘clearly wrong’ and the ‘arbitrary and capricious’ standards of review
are deferential ones which presume an agency’s actions are valid as long as the decision is
supported by substantial evidence or by a rational basis.” Syllabus Point 3, In re Queen, 196
W.Va. 442, 473 S.E.2d 483 (1996).” Syl., Adkins v. W.Va. Dep’t of Educ., 210 W.Va. 105, 556
S.E.2d 72 (2001).
The circuit court noted that the ALJ’s decision indicated flaws with the selection process,
such as inaccurate ratings for each interviewee, and also the fact that Mr. Black suffered a cough
that caused him to excuse himself, which deprived petitioner of a valid interview. However, the
circuit court found that the testimony established that “the interviewers had logical reasons for
the ratings that were given to [petitioner] and [Respondent Cook].” These logical reasons
included consideration of each applicant’s credentials, their experience, and what was discerned
during the interview process. The circuit court noted that, after completing the interviews, “the
interviewers determined that [Cook] possessed the college-level education and persona that
would make her a good fit for the position.” Further, the circuit court noted that “although Mr.
Black excused himself with a cough, he was present and answered all of the questions on
[petitioner’s] standard application evaluation form.” While petitioner argues that the circuit
court’s finding in this regard constitutes error because these issues cannot be seen as anything
other than “a significant flaw in the selection process,” the Court agrees with the circuit court’s
reasoning on this issue. Respondent DOT’s actions were valid because their decision was
supported by substantial evidence, as addressed above, and by a rational basis regarding their
reasons for selecting Respondent Cook. As such, the Court finds no error in the circuit court’s
finding that the ALJ erred in substituting her judgment for that of the interviewers in identifying
an alleged flaw in the selection process.
In regard to petitioner’s remaining assignment of error, the Court finds no merit in
petitioner’s argument that the circuit court incorrectly found that petitioner had to establish that
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she was the most qualified candidate out of all applicants. According to petitioner, all she was
required to establish was that she was more qualified than Respondent Cook. Based on the
foregoing, including the Court’s affirmation of the circuit court’s findings as to Respondent
Cook’s qualifications, we find that petitioner could not even establish that she was more
qualified than Respondent Cook. As such, petitioner has failed to establish error on the part of
the circuit court.
Finally, the Court declines to grant respondent relief in regard to its cross-assignment of
error. On appeal, Respondent DOT argues that the Grievance Board violated its right to cross-
examine witnesses when it admitted and gave dispositive weight to an unauthenticated statement
by a declarant who was not shown to be unavailable, whose statement directly contradicted that
of three witnesses, and who had not been disclosed on petitioner’s witness list. Respondent
requests that should the Court reverse the circuit court’s judgment as to petitioner’s assignments
of error, it also reverse the Grievance Board’s decision and enter judgment for respondent based
upon this alleged due process violation, or, in the alternative, that it remand the matter to the
Grievance Board for proceedings wherein the statement is not admitted. However, in light of the
foregoing, the Court finds this cross-assignment of error to be moot.
For the foregoing reasons, we find no error in the decision of the circuit court and its
February 17, 2012 order reversing the Grievance Board’s decision is affirmed.
Affirmed.
ISSUED: June 28, 2013
CONCURRED IN BY:
Chief Justice Brent D. Benjamin
Justice Menis E. Ketchum
Justice Allen H. Loughry II
DISSENTING:
Justice Robin Jean Davis
DISQUALIFIED:
Justice Margaret L. Workman
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