The opinion
FILED
NOT FOR PUBLICATION
JUL 6 2022
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT
CRYSTAL SWEET, No. 21-55057
Plaintiff-Appellant, D.C. No.
5:19-cv-00663-JVS-MRW
v.
RUIZ, Correctional Office, official and MEMORANDUM*
individual capacity; RALPH DIAZ, Acting
Secretary of Cal Dept of Corr. U Rehab;
official and individual capacity; JOHN
DOES, 1 thru 5, Rules and Policy
Management Department of CDCR,
official and individual capacity; JANE
DOES, 1 thru 5, Rule and Policy
Managment Department Office, official
and individual capacity,
Defendants-Appellees.
Appeal from the United States District Court
for the Central District of California
James V. Selna, District Judge, Presiding
Submitted July 5, 2022**
San Francisco, California
*
This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
**
The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision
without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).
Before: WALLACE, FERNANDEZ, and SILVERMAN, Circuit Judges.
Crystal Sweet, a California prisoner, appeals pro se from the district court’s
grant of summary judgment in favor of Correctional Officer M. Ruiz and the
Secretary for the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation1
(“CDCR”) in her 42 U.S.C. § 1983 action. We affirm.
The district court did not err in granting summary judgment. We review de
novo a district court’s summary judgment. See Thomas v. Ponder, 611 F.3d 1144,
1149 (9th Cir. 2010); see also Byrd v. Maricopa Cnty. Sheriff’s Dep’t, 629 F.3d
1135, 1140–41 (9th Cir. 2011) (en banc). CDCR policy2 did not require that Sweet
be searched by a guard who was biologically female, and even if Officer Ruiz’s
search of Sweet were in violation of CDCR policy, a mere violation of CDCR
policy does not establish the violation of a constitutional right. See Cousins v.
Lockyer, 568 F.3d 1063, 1070 (9th Cir. 2009); cf. Sandin v. Conner, 515 U.S. 472,
481–82, 115 S. Ct. 2293, 2299, 132 L. Ed. 2d 418 (1995).
1
At the time of filing the complaint, the CDCR Secretary was named
defendant Ralph Diaz. The current CDCR Secretary is Kathleen Allison. Kathleen
Allison, CDCR Secretary, CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS AND
REHABILITATION, https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/about-cdcr/secretary/ (last visited June
13, 2022).
2
Cal. Dep’t. of Corr. & Rehab., Operations Manual, Ch. 5, Art. 19,
§ 52050.16.7 (2022).
2 21-55057
Additionally, the evidence Sweet presented does not establish as a matter of
law that she was subjected to an unreasonable search in violation of the Fourth
Amendment. See Grummett v. Rushen, 779 F.2d 491, 496 (9th Cir. 1985); cf.
Byrd, 629 F.3d at 1141. Likewise, she has not established as a matter of law that
she suffered a violation of her Eighth Amendment rights. See Somers v. Thurman,
109 F.3d 614, 622–23 (9th Cir. 1997); cf. Bearchild v. Cobban, 947 F.3d 1130,
1144–45 (9th Cir. 2020).
The district court did not abuse its discretion in denying leave to amend. See
M/V Am. Queen v. San Diego Marine Constr. Corp., 708 F.2d 1483, 1492 (9th Cir.
1983). Amendment of the complaint would be futile and cause undue delay
because it would not cure the lack of evidence that resulted in summary judgment,
and Sweet has not argued that she can provide any additional evidence at this late
stage to support her claims. See id.
We do not consider matters not specifically and distinctly raised and argued
in the opening brief. See Padgett v. Wright, 587 F.3d 983, 985 n.2 (9th Cir. 2009)
(per curiam). Also, because we affirm the district court’s summary judgment, we
need not address Defendants’ additional arguments regarding qualified immunity
and Eleventh Amendment immunity.
AFFIRMED.
3 21-55057