The opinion
09/27/2018
IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TENNESSEE
AT NASHVILLE
Assigned on Briefs April 18, 2018
CHARLES GLEN CONNOR v. STATE OF TENNESSEE1
Appeal from the Criminal Court for Davidson County
No. 2012-B-1666 Mark J. Fishburn, Judge
___________________________________
No. M2017-01003-CCA-R3-PC
___________________________________
The Petitioner, Charles Glen Connor, appeals from the Davidson County Criminal
Court’s denial of post-conviction relief arguing (1) that “the State failed to provide and
defense counsel failed to seek discoverable recorded interviews of witnesses in violation
of Brady v. Maryland, [373 U.S. 83 (1963)],” and (2) that trial counsel “failed to keep
[the Petitioner] informed of the evidence against him.” 2 After a thorough review of the
record, we affirm the judgment of the post-conviction court.
Tenn. R. App. P. 3 Appeal as of Right; Judgment of the Criminal Court Affirmed
CAMILLE R. MCMULLEN, J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which JOHN EVERETT
WILLIAMS and ROBERT W. WEDEMEYER, JJ., joined.
Nathan D. Cate, Madison, Tennessee, for the Petitioner, Charles Glen Connor.
Herbert H. Slatery III, Attorney General and Reporter; Brent C. Cherry, Senior Counsel;
Glenn Funk, District Attorney General; and Vince Wyatt, Assistant District Attorney
General, for the appellee, State of Tennessee.
OPINION
On February 6, 2012, the Petitioner was in his home with two other individuals,
Fancy McCord and Kevin Lowe, smoking crack cocaine. At some point, Kevin Lowe
attempted to take the Petitioner’s television, and the Petitioner shot him in the leg. Upon
hearing the shot, a neighbor called police. When the initial responding officers arrived,
1
The Petitioner’s name is spelled in various ways throughout the record. For purposes of this
appeal, we will spell it as indicated in the indictment.
2
The Petitioner raised several other issues in his pro se and amended petitions for post-conviction
relief. None of those issues are raised on appeal and are therefore waived.
the Petitioner threatened them with his gun. Nashville Metro Police Department’s
S.W.A.T. team was then called, and a two-hour stand-off ensued. When S.W.A.T.
ultimately entered the Petitioner’s home, the Petitioner fired additional shots in the
direction of the officers. Based on these events, on June 15, 2012, the Petitioner was
indicted for two counts of attempted first degree murder, three counts of aggravated
assault, two counts of especially aggravated kidnapping, and employment of a firearm
during the commission of a dangerous felony. On September 19, 2013, the Petitioner
entered a guilty plea to two counts of attempted first degree murder of Officer John
Hutcheson and Fancy McCord; three counts of aggravated assault of Kevin Lowe,
Officer Michael Ryan, and Officer Steven Smith; and two counts of attempted aggravated
kidnapping of Fancy McCord and Kevin Lowe, for which the Petitioner received an
effective sentence of seventeen years’ confinement, to be served at 30% release
eligibility. The State provided the following factual basis in support of the Petitioner’s
plea:
[O]n February 6th of 2012, Rodney Prewitt . . . called 9-1-1 and
reported hearing an argument, about shots fired at his neighbor’s house.
Officers responded to the location and they also heard someone shouting
inside. They knocked on the door and identified themselves, at which point
the [Petitioner] refused to open the door. Forced entry was made and a
female was observed lying on the floor. After Officer Ryan entered the
apartment, he started moving within it, and he, as he entered the threshold,
he observed the [Petitioner] . . . with a handgun pointed in his direction.
[The Petitioner] threatened to shoot both officers if they entered the
apartment and both Officer Ryan and Officer Smith quickly exited and
called for S.W.A.T. [T]he S.W.A.T. team responded and officers set the
perimeter around the building. At approximately 1:45, additional shots
fired inside the apartment as S.W.A.T. made entry. Officer[] [Hutcheson]
returned fire, and the [Petitioner] threw his gun to the floor.
Kevin [Lowe] and Fancy O’Neal, aka Fancy McCord3 were both
located inside the [Petitioner’s] apartment and both had gunshot wounds.
Mr. [Lowe] had a gunshot wound to his leg and Ms. [McCord] had
gunshots to her chest, [her] thigh and her lower leg. Both were transported
to Vanderbilt Medical Center emergency room. Several crack pipes were
also found in the apartment. [The Petitioner] was arrested at the time. The
3
Throughout the record, Fancy McCord is referred to as Fancy O’Neal, Fancy McCord, and
Fancy Luckey. We will refer to her as Fancy McCord.
-2-
victims stated that they were not free to leave during this assault and—
aggravated assault and kidnapping.
The Petitioner did not file a direct appeal of his convictions or sentence. On
September 23, 2014, the Petitioner filed a pro se petition for post-conviction relief
arguing ineffective assistance of trial counsel. The pro se petition was forty-five pages in
length and raised eighteen grounds for relief but did not specifically allege that the State
withheld exculpatory evidence in violation of Brady. On November 19, 2014, the post-
conviction court appointed counsel, and on January 13, 2016, a motion entitled “Request
for production of Exculpatory information pursuant to Brady” was filed. The motion
specifically requested the State to produce copies of the recorded statements of “Officers
Haywood, Hutcheson, Ryan, Smith, Luckey, and Pruitt,” which, according to the
Petitioner, contradicted the statements in the officers’ supplemental reports regarding
“the number and time of shots fired to the position and placement of all individuals at all
times.” The motion further sought the recorded statements of Fancy McCord and Kevin
Lowe, both of whom, according to the Petitioner, “acknowledged engaging in criminal
activity and gave contradictory accounts of events[.]”
On July 21, 2016, an amended petition for post-conviction relief was filed,
incorporating all previously raised grounds for relief. The amended petition specifically
alleged that trial counsel “failed to uncover key discrepancies in the [S]tate’s case which
would have assisted the [Petitioner] in making an intelligent decision about trial
strategy.” It further referenced inconsistent statements by officers, varying accounts of
shots fired, varied amounts of physical evidence related to shots fired, and alleged actions
and statements of the Petitioner.
On October 19, 2016, the State responded to the Petitioner’s amended petition. In
its response, the State explicitly noted that the Petitioner had notified them of his intent to
raise an unspecified Brady violation. Recognizing that the Petitioner had failed to
specifically allege a Brady violation in either of his petitions, the State requested the post-
conviction court to require him to do so with sufficient notice to the State prior to any
hearing. The record does not show that the Petitioner amended his petition to include a
Brady violation claim, following the State’s response.
Evidentiary hearings were conducted by the post-conviction court in this case on
January 17, 2017, and February 1, 2017. At the time he was appointed to represent the
Petitioner, trial counsel had been a criminal defense attorney for approximately three or
four years. He employed the services of a private investigator, a former veteran of the
Metro Nashville Police Department, to assist him in the case. In an effort to provide the
post-conviction court with context for the case, trial counsel relayed the circumstances
leading up to the shooting as conveyed to him by the Petitioner. He said that the
-3-
Petitioner, Kevin Lowe, and Fancy McCord had been smoking “crack” at the Petitioner’s
home when Kevin Lowe threatened to take the Petitioner’s television. In response, the
Petitioner shot Kevin Lowe in the leg, and neighbors called the police. According to the
Petitioner, when the first two officers responded, “one of them shot at [the Petitioner],”
and the Petitioner “shut the door” because he believed they were going to kill him. A
two-hour stand-off with the S.W.A.T. team ensued because the Petitioner did not want to
come out until his parents arrived. Kevin Lowe and Fancy McCord remained in the
house, and, at some point, the Petitioner shot Fancy McCord in the chest as she “lunged”
at him. When the Petitioner shot Fancy McCord, the S.W.A.T. team breached the door,
and additional shots were fired.
Trial counsel said that “timing” as it related to “logistics” of the direction of the
bullets upon the officers’ entry was important. The Petitioner initially told him that he
did not have a “‘direct recollection’” of the events, and this was a problem for trial
counsel. However, prior to entry of the guilty plea, trial counsel had the logistics and
ballistics reports from the crime scene technician. He was familiar with both reports and
knew how the offense occurred. Based on the reports, trial counsel believed that there
were “rounds fired towards the officer . . . and the timing [in] conjunction with it,
otherwise [trial counsel] wouldn’t have advised [the Petitioner] to take the plea.” Asked
if the Petitioner offered an explanation for why shots had been fired in the direction of the
officers, trial counsel said, “[I]t was just one of those things that during the midst of the
tussle [with Fancy McCord] that the gun went off the last two times, you know . . .
however many rounds . . . [the Petitioner] just kept pulling the trigger until [it] wouldn’t
pull anymore. . . . [I]t was unintentional[.]”
Asked generally if “more peripheral evidence” of interviews from officers and
victims would have been helpful in proposing a settlement offer to the State, counsel
replied, “Of course.” Counsel then agreed that he did not receive in discovery the
recorded interviews of Rodney Pruitt, Michael Ryan, Detective Haywood, Steven Smith,
Kevin Lowe, Officer Hutchison, and Fancy McCord. Trial counsel agreed it would have
been significant if Kevin Lowe and Fancy McCord said Fancy McCord was shot as the
officers entered the door, rather than before they entered. He reasoned the Petitioner
could not have “equally shot” at the officer and Fancy McCord at the same time.
Without delineating the relevant portion of the recordings, post-conviction counsel later
admitted into evidence various DVD’s containing the witness statements.
Trial counsel distinguished entry of a guilty plea and a jury trial and agreed that
the above statements were customarily covered under the Jencks Act, which meant they
were not required to be turned over to the defense until after the witnesses testified at
trial. Trial counsel opined that the issue was whether he should have filed a Brady
motion or moved for in-camera review of the statements. To the extent that post-
-4-
conviction counsel suggested that Fancy McCord was shot by Officer Hutchison, rather
than the Petitioner, trial counsel explained that when a person kidnaps another and the
victim is subsequently shot by the police during their rescue, the kidnapper remains
responsible for the shooting.
Asked if the statements and recordings he did not receive could have assisted in
his defense of first degree murder, trial counsel replied:
Oh, I think so, and I think that’s fair. And I never thought that [the
Petitioner] wanted to kill that officer. I felt like he was a victim in this
whole situation, but he was a victim of his own decisions as well as those
around him, I mean, I felt, I still do, you know, I wanted . . . a better deal
for him, I thought it was just a straightforward agg[ravated] assault, I
thought the whole case was, . . . there were a lot of issues.
However, trial counsel later explained that his defense in this case was
complicated because:
[H]ow do we explain that the fact that once the police do show up
there, these people are robbing you, why didn’t you just open the door and
let the police take the robbers away, you know, and that was a real problem,
and it was because he was so high on crack, you know, he wasn’t making
sense. He thought that the first cops took a shot at him, and that, you know,
initially I showed him those ballistics, and he was like, “See that’s the hole
in the wall where the police officer shot at me,” you know, and that’s why
[he] shut the door and barricaded everything, but the ballistics didn’t come
back to show that that was from an officer’s round. In fact, we never got
any proof that those officers fired their guns at all, and so that kind of got
forwarded more like, you know, he was in such a haze of what was
happening . . . it was difficult.
He said the primary issue was the Petitioner’s interaction with the S.W.A.T. team
and the two officers who initially responded to the scene. Trial counsel was prepared to
defend the charges concerning Kevin Lowe and Fancy McCord, and considered them
“secondary” concerns. He theorized that Lowe and McCord were trying to rob the
Petitioner of his television, and the Petitioner had a right to defend himself in his home;
and that each witness had severe credibility issues.
Prior to entry of the guilty plea, trial counsel spoke with the Petitioner “around
four or five times, maybe more” about the case. They discussed the theory of the case,
possible defenses, and the Petitioner’s sentencing range. Because the Petitioner was
-5-
bipolar and used “crack” during the offense, trial counsel “covered the intoxication realm
ad nauseam,” and had the Petitioner examined by a forensic psychologist to determine
whether he had a viable intoxication defense. Trial counsel said there was no open file
discovery in this case. He was provided with summaries of the officers’ reports but not
transcripts of them.
The Petitioner testified that he never received copies of recorded interviews from
Officer Hutcheson, Kevin Lowe, Rodney Pruitt, or any of the officers involved in the
offense. He also was not aware that Fancy McCord said in an audio interview that as
police entered the apartment, the Petitioner shot her by accident. The Petitioner claimed
that he was not made aware of any discovery in the case and never reviewed anything
with trial counsel. Based on trial counsel’s advice, the Petitioner believed that he would
receive a life sentence or 30 years to be served at 100%, if he had gone to trial. However,
had he known the information from the witness statements, he would have proceeded to
trial because he did not believe he would have been convicted.
At the end of the January 17 hearing, the post-conviction court requested that
Lieutenant Ragains, a crime scene investigator for the Metropolitan Nashville Police
Department, be called to testify about the ballistics. At the February 1 hearing,
Lieutenant Ragains testified that he helped to investigate and process the crime scene in
question because it was an officer-involved shooting. He helped manage, process, and
document all the evidence at the scene. His testimony was based on the crime scene
photographs that were tracked in a PowerPoint presentation to the post-conviction court.
Lieutenant Ragains testified that there was no specific order when referring to
each bullet and he did not know which order the bullets were fired. He said strike marks
indicated a projectile had passed through the living room wall in the Petitioner’s
apartment, through the outside hallway, and into the neighbor’s apartment across the hall.
The projectile from the Petitioner’s gun, the first shot that was analyzed, was found inside
the wall of the neighbor’s apartment.
The second bullet, from the Petitioner’s gun, entered from the front of the
television, and the projectile was found inside the television. The third and fourth shots,
from the S.W.A.T. team, were in the back of the television had a trajectory from the door
into the back of the television and went “through and through.” The fifth shot skimmed
the interior side of the front door and ricocheted off the door, hit the doorjamb, and key-
holed into the drywall immediately beyond the doorframe. In his opinion, the front door
was open or ajar when the projectile hit it, but he could not say to what degree. The
projectile came from the Petitioner’s gun.
-6-
The sixth projectile, from the Petitioner’s gun, was recovered on the rug of the
apartment and visible on the floor. Lieutenant Ragains said another projectile was found
in the rug, which he believed was a fragment from a .223 standard issued gun to
S.W.A.T. They also recovered other fragments and projectile pieces from a .223 at the
scene in the doorway and hallway toward the end table. He believed this was indicative
of officers firing a .223 from the doorway of the apartment. In total, there were four
projectiles from the Petitioner’s gun located from the scene and one projectile in Lowe’s
leg which would account for five total shots fired from the Petitioner’s gun. Two rounds
were located at the scene and fired from S.W.A.T.
On cross-examination, Lieutenant Ragains said the only bullet that could have
been fired at a person standing in the open doorway was the one that struck the television.
He said it was possible that the bullet that struck the television had traveled through a
person before it hit the television. He also said the bullet that traveled through the wall to
the neighbor’s apartment could have passed through a person before entering the wall.
He said it is possible to tell whether a projectile traveled through a person because you
can pick up biological matter from it, but he said he could not say he or anyone else
looked at the projectiles for biological material.
After the hearings concluded, the post-conviction court took the case under
advisement and subsequently issued an extensive order denying the Petitioner relief. It is
from this order that the Petitioner now appeals.
ANALYSIS
In his brief to this court, the Petitioner claims that “the State failed to provide and
trial counsel failed to seek recorded witness interviews in violation of Brady v. Maryland,
[373 U.S. 83 (1963)].” We dispense with this claim in short order because, as repeatedly
noted by the State, it was not specifically included in any of the Petitioner’s petitions for
post-conviction relief as required by Tennessee Code Annotated section 40-30-110(c)
(noting that “[p]roof upon the petitioner’s claim or claims for relief shall be limited to
evidence of the allegations of fact in the petition”) and Tennessee Code Annotated section
40-30-104(d) (“The petitioner shall include all claims known to the petitioner for granting
post-conviction relief and shall verify under oath that all such claims are included.”). It is
not clear to us why post-conviction counsel handled this issue in this fashion. He
apparently put the State on notice of his intent to argue a violation of Brady, and received
various materials from the State in response. The State appropriately objected because
this issue had not been raised in the petition for post-conviction relief, and further
demanded notice of the explicit grounds for the alleged Brady violation before the
hearing. Despite the State’s request, the record does not contain an amendment to the
petition on this ground. Even more puzzling, it appears that post-conviction counsel fully
-7-
explored the Brady allegation at the hearing. So much so that at the close of trial
counsel’s direct testimony, the prosecutor asked, “Can I take at this point that we’ve
waived any type of ineffective assistance of counsel argument, is that what we’ve done or
solely based on Brady issue?” Based on post-conviction counsel’s repeated allusions to
Brady throughout the hearing, the post-conviction court specifically found that “no Brady
material had been produced” at the hearing. In determining whether the Petitioner
received ineffective assistance of counsel based on trial counsel’s failure to properly
investigate his case and fully advise him of the facts, the post-conviction court was
compelled to note, “This court has reviewed all the ‘missing’ witness interviews, both
written and recorded, and despite post-conviction counsel’s characterization of the
missing witness interviews, there is nothing in them that would exculpate Petitioner of
any of the charges in the indictment.” Finally, even if this court could overcome the
procedural obstacles attendant to this issue, the Petitioner fails to specifically point out in
this appeal how the recordings of the witness statements were exculpatory. Accordingly,
because the Petitioner failed to include this issue in his pro se or amended petition for
post-conviction relief, it is waived.
Next, the Petitioner argues three separate grounds in support of his claim that he
received ineffective assistance of counsel in entering his guilty plea: (1) that trial counsel
failed to keep him informed of the evidence against him; (2) that trial counsel did not
possess all the necessary information to properly inform him; and (3) that trial counsel
did not thoroughly review the discovery with him. The State argues, and we agree, that
the post-conviction court properly denied relief on this issue. In reaching our conclusion,
we are guided by the following well-established law pertaining to post-conviction relief.
Post-conviction relief is only warranted when a petitioner establishes that his or her
conviction or sentence is void or voidable because of an abridgement of a constitutional
right. T.C.A. § 40-30-103. The Tennessee Supreme Court has held:
A post-conviction court’s findings of fact are conclusive on appeal unless
the evidence preponderates otherwise. When reviewing factual issues, the
appellate court will not re-weigh or re-evaluate the evidence; moreover,
factual questions involving the credibility of witnesses or the weight of
their testimony are matters for the trial court to resolve.
Vaughn v. State, 202 S.W.3d 106, 115 (Tenn. 2006) (citations and internal quotation
marks omitted); see Felts v. State, 354 S.W.3d 266, 276 (Tenn. 2011); Frazier v. State,
303 S.W.3d 674, 679 (Tenn. 2010). A post-conviction petitioner has the burden of
proving the factual allegations by clear and convincing evidence. T.C.A. § 40-30-110(f);
Tenn. Sup. Ct. R. 28, § 8(D)(1); Dellinger v. State, 279 S.W.3d 282, 293-94 (Tenn. 2009).
Evidence is considered clear and convincing when there is no serious or substantial doubt
about the accuracy of the conclusions drawn from it. Lane v. State, 316 S.W.3d 555, 562
-8-
(Tenn. 2010); Grindstaff v. State, 297 S.W.3d 208, 216 (Tenn. 2009); Hicks v. State, 983
S.W.2d 240, 245 (Tenn. Crim. App. 1998).
In order to prevail on an ineffective assistance of counsel claim, the petitioner
must establish that (1) his lawyer’s performance was deficient and (2) the deficient
performance prejudiced the defense. Felts, 354 S.W.3d at 276 (citing Strickland v.
Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687 (1984)). “[A] failure to prove either deficiency or
prejudice provides a sufficient basis to deny relief on the ineffective assistance claim”
and “a court need not address the components in any particular order or even address
both if the [petitioner] makes an insufficient showing of one component.” Goad v. State,
938 S.W.2d 363, 370 (Tenn. 1996) (citing Strickland, 466 U.S. at 697). This court
reviews a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel, which is a mixed question of law and
fact, under a de novo standard with no presumption of correctness. Smith v. State, 357
S.W.3d 322, 336 (Tenn. 2011).
A petitioner successfully demonstrates deficient performance when the clear and
convincing evidence establishes that his attorney’s conduct fell below “an objective
standard of reasonableness under prevailing professional norms.” Goad, 938 S.W.2d at
369 (citing Strickland, 466 U.S. at 688; Baxter v. Rose, 523 S.W.2d 930, 936 (Tenn.
1975)). When ineffective assistance of counsel is alleged in the context of a guilty plea,
the prejudice analysis
focuses on whether counsel’s constitutionally ineffective performance
affected the outcome of the plea process. In other words, in order to satisfy
the “prejudice” requirement, the defendant must show that there is a
reasonable probability that, but for counsel’s errors, he would not have
pleaded guilty and would have insisted on going to trial.
Hill v. Lockhart, 474 U.S. 52, 59 (1985); see also Grindstaff, 297 S.W.3d at 216-17.
Finally, as relevant to the issues herein, the Tennessee Supreme Court has held that
“[f]ailure to conduct a reasonable investigation constitutes deficient performance.” State
v. Burns, 6 S.W.3d 453, 462 (Tenn. 1999).
Counsel must conduct appropriate investigations, both factual and legal, to
determine what matters of defense can be developed. The Supreme Court
has noted that the adversary system requires that “all available defenses are
raised” so that the government is put to its proof. . . . And, of course, the
duty to investigate also requires adequate legal research.
Baxter, 523 S.W.2d at 932-33 (quoting United States v. DeCoster, 487 F.2d 1197, 1203-
04 (D.C. Cir. 1973)). In any ineffective assistance of counsel case, however, “a particular
-9-
decision not to investigate must be directly assessed for reasonableness in all the
circumstances, applying a heavy measure of deference to counsel’s judgments.” Burns, 6
S.W.3d at 462 (quoting Strickland, 466 U.S. at 691).
In denying relief on this issue, the post-conviction court’s order provided, in
pertinent part, as follows:
In this case, Petitioner’s trial counsel testified that he discussed the
case with Petitioner. He went over the discovery he had at the time,
possible trial strategies, the strengths and weaknesses of the State’s case,
and the possible sentencing ranges for the charged offences. Further, trial
counsel had Petitioner evaluated by a psychologist to negate the required
mental state due to possible mental health or intoxication defenses, and trial
counsel engaged the services of a private investigator to interview
witnesses in this case. It appears from this testimony as well as the record
in this case, that trial counsel was not deficient in his representation or his
advice to Petitioner.
Petitioner asserts that trial counsel did not have all the evidence in
this case at the time of his plea, and that the failure to have all of this
information rendered counsel’s advice inadequate. However, it should be
noted that this plea was entered into approximately four months before the
trial date and that discovery is an ongoing process. This court has reviewed
all the “missing” witness interviews, both written and recorded, and despite
post-conviction counsel’s characterization of the missing witness
interviews, there is nothing in them that would exculpate Petitioner of any
of the charges in the indictment. (internal footnote omitted). It appears that
at the time of the plea, trial counsel had all of the discovery that was
required by Tenn. R. Crim. Pro., Rule 16.
The crux of Petitioner’s complaint appears to be the length of his
agreed sentence. He does not challenge the conviction itself, and he does
not assert that he would have chosen to go to trial if all the “facts” he now
asserts had been known to him at the time of the plea. Petitioner’s original
petition consists mainly of unsupported assertions as to the “weakness” of
the State’s case and conclusory statements as to the unreliability of the
statements of the witness in this case as seen in hindsight. (emphasis in
original).
Upon our review, the record does not preponderate against the determination of the
post-conviction court. The record shows that trial counsel had an exceptional grasp of the
- 10 -
facts and circumstances of the case. He had been provided with discovery that complied
with Rule 16 of the Rules of Criminal Procedure, and counsel reviewed it with the
Petitioner prior to entry of his guilty plea. Trial counsel appropriately analyzed the
credibility issues inherent in the testimony of Kevin Lowe and Fancy McCord. He
narrowed his focus to the Petitioner’s interaction with the S.W.A.T. team, which required
him to review the ballistics and logistics reports. Trial counsel also engaged the services
of a private investigator, a veteran of the Nashville Metro Police Department, and had the
Petitioner evaluated by a psychologist to determine his competency at the time of the
offense. He fully explored the potential defenses to or “weaknesses” in the State’s case,
and his investigation prior to entry of the guilty plea was reasonable. The record shows
that the Petitioner was sufficiently advised of this during the Rule 11 guilty plea colloquy.
In our view, the Petitioner essentially argues that trial counsel should have used the
inconsistencies in the witness statements to obtain a more favorable settlement offer from
the State. As noted by the post-conviction court, this does not amount to an attack on the
effectiveness of counsel or the validity of his guilty plea, but rather, the Petitioner’s
overall dissatisfaction with the length of his sentence. Moreover, the record shows that
trial counsel engaged in extensive negotiations with the State. He said it took “a lot” for
them to reduce the case, and they required the Petitioner to plead “across the board.”
Based on the record, the Petitioner has failed to establish by clear and convincing
evidence that counsel was ineffective. Accordingly, the Petitioner has failed to
demonstrate that his convictions are void or voidable because of an abridgment of his
constitutional rights, and he is not entitled to relief.
CONCLUSION
Based upon the foregoing reasoning and analysis, the judgment of the post-
conviction court is affirmed.
____________________________________
CAMILLE R. MCMULLEN, JUDGE
- 11 -