Opinion

MEMORANDUM DECISION

Jul 01 2015, 8:46 am

Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D), this

Memorandum Decision shall not be regarded as

precedent or cited before any court except for the

purpose of establishing the defense of res judicata,

collateral estoppel, or the law of the case.

ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE

MOTHER Gregory F. Zoeller

Erin L. Berger Attorney General of Indiana

Evansville, Indiana Robert J. Henke

ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT James D. Boyer

Deputy Attorneys General

FATHER Indianapolis, Indiana

Thomas G. Krochta

Evansville, Indiana

IN THE

COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA

In the Matter of the Termination July 1, 2015

of the Parent-Child Relationship Court of Appeals Case No.

of Je.Q., L.Q., Ja.Q., and N.Q., 82A01-1411-JT-504

Children, Appeal from the Vanderburgh

Superior Court.

and The Honorable Mary Margaret

Lloyd, Special Judge.

T.Q. (Mother) & A.Q. (Father) Cause Nos. 82D01-1403-JT-36

Appellants-Repondents, 82D01-1403-JT-37

82D01-1403-JT-38

v. 82D01-1403-JT-39

The Indiana Department of

Child Services,

Appellee-Petitioner

Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 82A01-1411-JT-504 | July 1, 2015 Page 1 of 11

Baker, Judge.

[1] T.Q. (Mother) and A.Q. (Father) appeal the juvenile court’s order terminating

the parent-child relationship between Mother, Father, and their four youngest

children. This is the third appeal involving this case, and the parents argue that

the statutory clock should have been reset after the second appeal. We

disagree, and affirm.

Facts

[2] Mother and Father are the parents of four children under the age of eighteen:

N.Q. Je.Q., Ja.Q., and L.Q. Mother and Father also have two children over

the age of eighteen who are not subject to this appeal.

[3] Mother and Father have a lengthy history with DCS. Beginning in 2007, DCS

has substantiated four separate allegations of child abuse and neglect against the

parents: (1) in 2007, DCS substantiated a report of educational neglect; (2) in

2008, DCS substantiated reports of physical abuse and poor home conditions;

(3) in 2009, DCS substantiated reports of educational and medical neglect; and

(4) in 2011, DCS substantiated a report of sexual abuse.

[4] On December 1, 2009, law enforcement was called to the parents’ home to

assist medical providers who had been treating Father. Law enforcement

observed unsanitary home conditions, including animal feces on the floor,

overflowing ashtrays, and rotting food. DCS was called to the home, found the

Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 82A01-1411-JT-504 | July 1, 2015 Page 2 of 11

condition of the home to be “marginal,” and gave the parents over a week to

clean up the residence. Appellants’ App. p. 87.

[5] On December 11, 2009, DCS returned to the residence to find that the

conditions had not been remedied. DCS found trash throughout the home,

sticky and dirty floors, overflowing ashtrays, rotting food, an overflowing

litterbox, black toilets, clogged sinks, filthy and unsanitary showers, exposed

metal springs in A.Q., Jr.’s1 bed, and multiple mattresses in other rooms that

were piled with dirt and trash. Additionally, both parents tested positive for

THC, two of the children had significant unexcused school absences, parents

had failed to provide recommended psychiatric and medical care for A.Q., Jr.,

none of the children were current with immunizations, and all of the children

had significant dental problems and head lice. DCS also learned of an

allegation that N.Q. had been sexually abused by A.Q., Jr. 2

[6] As a result of the myriad issues outlined above, DCS removed the children from

Mother and Father’s care and custody on December 11, 2009. DCS placed the

children in foster care and, on December 15, 2009, filed a petition in the trial

court alleging that they were children in need of services (CHINS). On April

1

A.Q., Jr., was a minor at the time the CHINS petitions were filed, but has since turned eighteen and is not

part of this appeal.

2

Eventually, both parents were convicted of multiple counts of felony child neglect as a result of the

conditions of the children and the home.

Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 82A01-1411-JT-504 | July 1, 2015 Page 3 of 11

30, 2010, following a hearing, the trial court entered orders finding all children

to be CHINS.

[7] The trial court held a dispositional hearing on May 5, 2010. On December 14,

2010, DCS filed petitions for involuntary termination of Mother and Father’s

parental rights as to the children. However, the trial court did not issue

dispositional decrees until February 14, 2011. On July 13, 2011, the trial court

granted DCS’s petitions as to each child, terminating Mother and Father’s

parental rights.

[8] However, on May 16, 2012, this Court reversed that decision. In re N.Q., No.

82A05-1109-JT-511, 2012 WL 1744399, (Ind. Ct. App. May 16, 2012). We

noted that, as the dispositional decrees were actually issued three months after

DCS had petitioned for termination of parental rights, “the Children had not

been removed from the Parents for at least six months under a dispositional

decree when the termination petitions were filed, as required by Indiana Code

section 31-35-2-4(b)(2)(A)(i).” Id. at *3. We remanded the case for further

proceedings.

[9] On May 16 and 17, 2012, DCS filed its second round of petitions to terminate

Mother and Father’s parental rights as to the children. At the second

termination hearing, DCS admitted, over the objection of the parents, the

transcript and exhibits from the first termination proceedings. The additional

evidence presented by DCS at the second termination hearing was “quite brief.”

In re N.Q., 996 N.E.2d 385, 392 (Ind. Ct. App. 2013). The juvenile court

Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 82A01-1411-JT-504 | July 1, 2015 Page 4 of 11

granted the second termination petitions and the parents appealed. This Court

reversed, emphasizing that “the trial court based its decision to terminate

Parents’ parental rights to the Children almost entirely on the evidence

presented at the initial termination proceedings which occurred between

January and April of 2011, and it did not adequately account for the current

conditions as required.” Id. at 393. In reversing and remanding, we held as

follows:

it was error for the court to issue its order which did not adequately

consider the evidence presented by Parents of their current conditions,

including Parents’ new income and their ability to keep current on

their bills and maintain a clean residence. Indeed, the court also failed

to consider the lack of evidence to the contrary presented by DCS,

despite the fact that it was DCS's burden to prove its case by a

heightened “clear and convincing” standard. Our review of the record

reveals that the crux of DCS’s presentation of evidence at the Second

Termination Hearing was that the Children, who were ages six, seven,

eight, and twelve at the time, did not want to leave their foster parents

and be returned to Parents’ care. Also, the court’s lack of consideration

of the evidence presented at the Second Termination Hearing is

underscored by the fact that some of its findings which, although

perhaps were correct findings of the conditions present on July 1,

2011, were directly contradictory to evidence presented by Parents and

which DCS failed to refute in October 2012.

Id. at 395 (internal citation omitted).

[10] On March 27, 2014, DCS filed a third set of petitions seeking to terminate the

parent-child relationship. The juvenile court held termination hearings on June

Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 82A01-1411-JT-504 | July 1, 2015 Page 5 of 11

25, July 25, August 1, and August 20, 2014.3 At these hearings, the following

evidence was admitted:

 Mother was unemployed and had been for many years. She has multiple

health issues but does not receive any Social Security disability

payments. Tr. p. 8, 9-18.

 Father is unemployed and receives approximately $1,000 per month in

disability payments. The family’s only additional income is $250 per

month in food stamps. Id. at 89, 102; Appellants’ App. p. 90.

 At the time of the hearings, the parents were living in a two-bedroom

apartment. A.Q., Jr., who had sexually molested his sister, N.Q., when

she was still in the home, was living there as well. Tr. p. 27-28, 38.

 C.Q., who lived with her parents until she turned eighteen, was

completing community service hours following allegations of marijuana

possession. Id. at 26. At the time of the hearing, she was eighteen,

pregnant, and living with her boyfriend and his family. Id. at 181, 183.

She had not completed high school, had not been getting prenatal care,

and had already missed six of the first eight days of school. Id. at 368.

 The parents had $5 in their savings account. Id. at 63.

 Father had signed consents for the youngest three children to be adopted

by their foster family because he believed that would be best for them.

He did not believe the parents had sufficient income to meet the

children’s needs. Id. at 132.

 Since this Court issued its decision in N.Q. on October 8, 2013, the

parents have refused to permit DCS case workers to enter their home on

five occasions. They have also refused to schedule appointments with

DCS caseworkers, speak on the phone with DCS caseworkers, or in any

way communicate with DCS caseworkers in a substantive way. Id. at

168, 169, 171, 172, 176, 299.

3

At some point, Special Judge Lloyd was appointed to hear this case. The record does not reveal the precise

date on which this occurred, but Judge Lloyd was in place when the third termination petitions were filed in

March 2014.

Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 82A01-1411-JT-504 | July 1, 2015 Page 6 of 11

 The parents have not seen the children since 2011. Since that time, the

parents have not inquired as to the children’s well-being, and except for

one occasion when Mother requested to see N.Q. in her residential

placement, the parents have not asked to visit with the children since

2011. Id. at 164-65, 176.

[11] On October 22, 2014, the juvenile court entered an order terminating the

parent-child relationship between Mother, Father, and the four children. The

parents now appeal.

Discussion and Decision

I. Standard of Review

[12] Our standard of review with respect to termination of parental rights

proceedings is well established. In considering whether termination was

appropriate, we neither reweigh the evidence nor assess witness credibility.

K.T.K. v. Ind. Dep’t of Child Servs., 989 N.E.2d 1225, 1229 (Ind. 2013). We will

consider only the evidence and reasonable inferences that may be drawn

therefrom in support of the judgment, giving due regard to the trial court’s

opportunity to judge witness credibility firsthand. Id. Where, as here, the trial

court entered findings of fact and conclusions of law, we will not set aside the

findings or judgment unless clearly erroneous. Id. In making that

determination, we must consider whether the evidence clearly and convincingly

supports the findings, and the findings clearly and convincingly support the

judgment. Id. at 1229-30. It is “sufficient to show by clear and convincing

evidence that the child’s emotional and physical development are threatened by

Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 82A01-1411-JT-504 | July 1, 2015 Page 7 of 11

the respondent parent’s custody.” Bester v. Lake Cnty. Office of Family & Children,

839 N.E.2d 143, 148 (Ind. 2005).

[13] Indiana Code section 31-35-2-4(b)(2) requires that a petition to terminate

parental rights for a CHINS must make the following allegations:

(A) that one (1) of the following is true:

(i) The child has been removed from the parent for at least

six (6) months under a dispositional decree.

(ii) A court has entered a finding under IC 31-34-21-5.6 that

reasonable efforts for family preservation or

reunification are not required, including a description of

the court’s finding, the date of the finding, and the

manner in which the finding was made.

(iii) The child has been removed from the parent and has

been under the supervision of a local office or probation

department for at least fifteen (15) months of the most

recent twenty-two (22) months, beginning with the date

the child is removed from the home as a result of the

child being alleged to be a child in need of services or a

delinquent child;

(B) that one (1) of the following is true:

(i) There is a reasonable probability that the conditions that

resulted in the child’s removal or the reasons for

placement outside the home of the parents will not be

remedied.

(ii) There is a reasonable probability that the continuation of

the parent-child relationship poses a threat to the well-

being of the child.

(iii) The child has, on two (2) separate occasions, been

adjudicated a child in need of services;

(C) that termination is in the best interests of the child; and

(D) that there is a satisfactory plan for the care and treatment of the

child.

Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 82A01-1411-JT-504 | July 1, 2015 Page 8 of 11

DCS must prove the alleged circumstances by clear and convincing evidence.

K.T.K., 989 N.E.2d at 1230.

II. Duration of Removal

[14] Parents’ primary argument on appeal is that the children had not been removed

from parents’ care and custody for a sufficient period of time pursuant to the

statute. They acknowledge that the statute requires that the children must have

been removed from parents’ care for six months under a dispositional decree.

I.C. § 31-35-2-4(b)(2).

[15] Parents argue, with no citation to supporting authority, that “[w]here a

termination is overturned on appeal, especially where a termination is

overturned twice, the time period set out in the statute should be reset to give

the parents the opportunity to meet DCS requests and get their children home.”

Appellants’ Br. p. 8. In other words, the parents contend that following the

second reversal of the termination order by this Court in N.Q., DCS should

have had to wait another six months before again seeking termination.4

[16] We cannot agree with this assertion. The statute contains no caveats,

exceptions, or addenda in any way altering the requirements for cases in which

successive termination petitions are filed. Instead, the statute is quite plain in

its requirement that DCS need prove only that the child “has been removed

4

DCS waited five months and seventeen days following N.Q. before filing the third termination petitions.

Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 82A01-1411-JT-504 | July 1, 2015 Page 9 of 11

from the parent for at least six (6) months under a dispositional decree.”

I.C. § 31-35-2-4(b)(2)(A)(i). We decline the parents’ invitation to read words

into the statute that are not already there.

[17] It is undisputed that in this case, the children have been removed from parents’

care and custody since the dispositional decree was issued in February 2011—

over three years before the third termination petitions were filed. Consequently,

we find that the juvenile court did not err in concluding that DCS met its

burden to prove with clear and convincing evidence that the children had been

removed from parents for at least six months pursuant to a dispositional decree.

[18] The parents also make a somewhat undeveloped argument that, following the

second appeal in this case, DCS should have offered services to the parents,

scheduled a child and family team meeting, and viewed the condition of the

parents’ home.5 Initially, we note that it is well established that “a failure to

provide services does not serve as a basis on which to directly attack a

termination order as contrary to law.” In re H.L., 915 N.E.2d 145, 148 n.3 (Ind.

Ct. App. 2009). Furthermore, there is evidence in the record establishing that

the parents refused to permit DCS caseworkers to enter their home or otherwise

talk to them on October 8, 2013, December 23, 2013, February 21, 2014,

5

The parents argue that the second termination was reversed because DCS had “fail[ed] to provide services

to the family following the first termination being overturned.” Appellants’ Br. p. 8. This is untrue. This

Court reversed the second termination order because DCS had not presented evidence beyond that presented

at the first termination hearing. Therefore, there was insufficient evidence regarding the current conditions

that existed in the parents’ lives at the time of the second termination hearing. In re N.Q., 996 N.E.2d at 393-

94. That deficit was corrected by DCS during the third termination hearing.

Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 82A01-1411-JT-504 | July 1, 2015 Page 10 of 11

February 24, 2014, and March 4, 2014. On October 18, 2013, and March 11,

2014, the parents refused to speak with the caseworker on the phone or allow

her to come to their residence. On April 8 and April 23, 2014, the caseworker

saw the parents at court and asked them to schedule a meeting with her. They

refused. Parents never called their DCS caseworker despite being provided with

her phone number on multiple occasions. In other words, the record is replete

with evidence that it was the parents’ refusal to cooperate with DCS that led to

the lack of contact and DCS’s inability to view their home. Under these

circumstances, we find no error in the juvenile court’s order terminating the

parent-child relationship.

[19] The judgment of the juvenile court is affirmed.

Najam, J., and Friedlander, J., concur.

Court of Appeals of Indiana | Memorandum Decision 82A01-1411-JT-504 | July 1, 2015 Page 11 of 11