Paradise-Burns

UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

MIDDLE DISTRICT OF FLORIDA

TAMPA DIVISION

KATHRYN PARADISE-BURNS,

Plaintiff,

v. Case No. 8:25-cv-01901-AAS

FRANK BISIGNANO,

Commissioner of the Social

Security Administration,

Defendant.

__________________________________/

ORDER

Kathryn Paradise-Burns requests judicial review of a decision by the

Commissioner of Social Security (Commissioner) denying her claim for

disability insurance benefits (DIB) and supplemental security income (SSI)

under the Social Security Act, 42 U.S.C. Section 405(g). After reviewing the

record, including the transcript of the proceedings before the Administrative

Law Judge (ALJ), the administrative record, the pleadings, and the parties’

memoranda, the Commissioner’s decision is AFFIRMED.

I. PROCEDURAL HISTORY

Ms. Paradise-Burns was previously found not disabled in a decision

dated August 18, 2020. (Tr. 73–93). On July 27, 2021, Ms. Paradise-Burns filed

a new application for a period of disability and DIB under Title II of the Social

Security Act, 42 U.S.C. §§ 401–434 (the Act). (Tr. 267–73). On the same date,

Ms. Paradise-Burns also filed an application for SSI under Title XVI of the Act,

42 U.S.C. §§ 1381–1385. (Tr. 257–66). Ms. Paradise-Burns alleged a disability

onset date of August 19, 2020. (Tr. 258, 268). Ms. Paradise-Burns’s claims were

denied initially and on reconsideration. (182–97, Tr. 159–78). Ms. Paradise-

Burns filed a request for a hearing on March 18, 2024. (Tr. 198–99). An ALJ

held a hearing on August 9, 2024, and issued a decision finding Ms. Paradise-

Burns not disabled on November 4, 2024. (Tr. 7–29, 40–72).

On December 5, 2024, Ms. Paradise-Burns filed a request for review,

which the Appeals Council denied. (Tr. 1–6, 254–56). The hearing decision then

became the Commissioner’s final decision. 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.900(a)(5),

416.1400(a)(5). Ms. Paradise-Burns now requests review of the

Commissioner’s final decision. (Doc. 1).

II. NATURE OF DISABILITY CLAIM

A. Background

Ms. Paradise-Burns was 47 years old on her alleged disability onset date

and 51 years old on the date the ALJ decision was issued. (Tr. 257, 268). Ms.

Paradise-Burns has a high school education and prior employment as a

cosmetologist. (Tr. 315). Ms. Paradise-Burns alleged disability due to a history

of shoulder surgery, ankle surgery, panic disorder, paranoid thoughts,

depression, and anxiety. (Tr. 258, 268, 314). Ms. Paradise-Burns later alleged

she developed Sjogren’s disease. (Tr. 364).

B. Summary of the ALJ’s Decision

The ALJ must follow five steps when evaluating a disability claim.1 20

C.F.R. §§ 404.1520(a), 416.920(a). First, if a claimant is engaged in substantial

gainful activity,2 she is not disabled. 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520(b), 416.920(b).

Second, if a claimant has no impairment or combination of impairments that

significantly limit her physical or mental ability to perform basic work

activities, she has no severe impairment and is not disabled. 20 C.F.R. §§

404.1520(c), 416.920(c); see McDaniel v. Bowen, 800 F.2d 1026, 1031 (11th Cir.

1986) (stating that step two acts as a filter and “allows only claims based on

the most trivial impairments to be rejected”). Third, if a claimant’s

impairments fail to meet or equal an impairment in the Listings, she is not

disabled. 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520(d), 416.920(d). Fourth, if a claimant’s

impairments do not prevent her from doing past relevant work, she is not

disabled. 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520(e), 416.920(e). At this fourth step, the ALJ

determines the claimant’s residual functional capacity (RFC). Id. Fifth, if a

1 If the ALJ determines the claimant is disabled at any step of the sequential analysis,

the analysis ends. 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520(a)(4), 416.920(a)(4).

2 Substantial gainful activity is paid work that requires significant physical or mental

activity. 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1572, 416.972.

claimant’s impairments (considering her RFC, age, education, and past work)

do not prevent her from performing work that exists in the national economy,

she is not disabled. 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520(g), 416.920(g).

The ALJ found Ms. Paradise-Burns met the insured status for DIB

claims through June 30, 2024.3 (Tr. 12). At step one, the ALJ found Ms.

Paradise-Burns had not engaged in substantial gainful activity since the

alleged onset of disability date of August 19, 2020. (Id.). At step two, Ms.

Paradise-Burns had these severe impairments: degenerative disc disease of the

cervical spine, right shoulder labral tear with tendonitis, status post left ankle

fracture, obesity, major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. (Tr. 13). At step three, the ALJ found

Ms. Paradise-Burns had not had an impairment or combination of

impairments that meets or medically equals the severity of an impairment in

the Listings. (Id.).

The ALJ then determined Ms. Paradise-Burns had the RFC to perform

light work,4 except:

3 To prevail on a DIB claim under Title II of the Act, a claimant must establish

disability on or before the date last insured. 20 C.F.R. § 404.131.

4 “Light work involves lifting no more than 20 pounds at a time with frequent lifting

or carrying of objects weighing up to 10 pounds. Even though the weight lifted may

be very little, a job is in this category when it requires a good deal of walking or

standing, or when it involves sitting most of the time with some pushing and pulling

of arm or leg controls. To be considered capable of performing a full or wide range of

light work, you must have the ability to do substantially all of these activities. If

she was able to lift and/or carry twenty pounds occasionally and

up to ten pounds frequently; could sit for six hours in an eight-hour

workday; could stand and/or walk for six hours in an eight-hour

workday; could occasionally climb ramps and stairs, never climb

ladders, ropes or scaffolds, stoop, and crawl occasionally and kneel

and crouch frequently; would be able to occasionally reach

overhead with the dominant right upper extremity and frequent

all other reaching; must avoid unprotected heights and moving

mechanical parts. She must avoid hazards in the workplace, such

as heavy moving machinery and heights, etc.; could perform

simple, routine tasks, make simple work-related decisions; could

frequently interact with supervisors and occasionally with

coworkers and the public; and would be able to tolerate changes in

that simple work setting.

(Tr. 15).

At step four, the ALJ determined Ms. Paradise-Burns could not perform

her past relevant work. (Tr. 15). At step five, based on Ms. Paradise-Burns’s

age, education, work experience, RFC, and the testimony of a vocational

expert, the ALJ found there were other jobs existing in significant numbers in

the national economy that Ms. Paradise-Burns can perform. (Tr. 21).

Specifically, Ms. Paradise-Burns can perform the occupations of a router, office

helper, and marker. (Tr. 22). Thus, the ALJ concluded Ms. Paradise-Burns was

not disabled from August 19, 2020, the alleged disability onset date, through

November 4, 2024, the date of the decision. (Id.).

someone can do light work, we determine that he or she can also do sedentary work,

unless there are additional limiting factors such as loss of fine dexterity or inability

to sit for long periods of time.” 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1567(b), 416.967(b).

III. ANALYSIS

A. Standard of Review

Review of the ALJ’s decision is limited to reviewing whether the ALJ

applied correct legal standards and whether substantial evidence supports his

findings. McRoberts v. Bowen, 841 F.2d 1077, 1080 (11th Cir. 1988);

Richardson v. Perales, 402 U.S. 389, 390 (1971). Substantial evidence is more

than a mere scintilla but less than a preponderance. Dale v. Barnhart, 395 F.3d

1206, 1210 (11th Cir. 2005) (citation omitted). In other words, there must be

sufficient evidence for a reasonable person to accept as enough to support the

conclusion. Foote v. Chater, 67 F.3d 1553, 1560 (11th Cir. 1995) (citations

omitted). The Supreme Court explained, “whatever the meaning of

‘substantial’ in other contexts, the threshold for such evidentiary sufficiency is

not high.” Biestek v. Berryhill, 139 S. Ct. 1148, 1154 (2019).

A reviewing court must affirm a decision supported by substantial

evidence “even if the proof preponderates against it.” Phillips v. Barnhart, 357

F.3d 1232, 1240 n.8 (11th Cir. 2004) (citations omitted). The court must not

make new factual determinations, reweigh evidence, or substitute its judgment

for the Commissioner’s decision. Id. at 1240 (citation omitted). Instead, the

court must view the whole record, considering evidence favorable and

unfavorable to the Commissioner’s decision. Foote, 67 F.3d at 1560; see also

Lowery v. Sullivan, 979 F.2d 835, 837 (11th Cir. 1992) (citation omitted)

(stating that the reviewing court must scrutinize the entire record to determine

the reasonableness of the Commissioner’s factual determinations).

B. Issues on Appeal

Ms. Paradise-Burns argues that the ALJ failed to account for the “total

limiting effects” of her autoimmune disorder. (Doc. 14, p. 8). Specifically, Ms.

Paradise-Burns argues that the ALJ erred by not finding her Sjogren’s disease

to be a severe impairment.5 (Id., pp. 14–18; Doc. 19). Ms. Paradise Burns also

argues that the step two finding undermined the ALJ’s analysis of certain

medical opinions. (Id.). Specifically, the consultative opinion of J. Lamour,

M.D., and treating rheumatologist Raul Tallo, M.D. (Id.). Ms. Paradise-Burns

further claims the ALJ erred in evaluating her subjective complaints. (Id., pp.

18–20).

In response, the Commissioner argues that substantial evidence

supports the ALJ’s findings at step two and the ALJ’s evaluation of the medical

evidence. (Doc. 18, pp. 5–10). In addition, the Commissioner contends the ALJ

properly considered Ms. Paradise-Burns’s subjective complaints and found

them inconsistent with other evidence of record. (Id., pp. 10–13).

5 Sjogren disease is an immune system disorder characterized by dry eyes and dry

mouth. With this disorder, the body’s immune system attacks its own healthy cells

that produce saliva and tears. Hill v. Berryhill, No. 2:20-CV-00892-MHH, 2022 WL

2789223, at *3, n.3 (N.D. Ala. July 15, 2022); see also

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sjogrens-syndrome/symptoms-

causes/syc-20353216 (last visited July 24, 2026).

1. Whether substantial evidence supports the ALJ’s

finding that Ms. Paradise-Burns’s Sjogren’s disease

was non-severe.

At step two of the sequential evaluation process, the ALJ must determine

whether the claimant has a medically determinable impairment that is severe

or a combination of impairments that are severe. 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520(c),

416.920(c). To constitute a severe impairment at step two, an impairment must

significantly limit an individual’s ability to perform basic work skills. Id. In

contrast, non-severe impairments “[do] not significantly limit [a claimant's]

physical or mental ability to do basic work activities.” See 20 C.F.R. §§

404.1522, 416.922. Impairments are considered non-severe “only if the

abnormality is so slight and its effect so minimal that it would clearly not be

expected to interfere with the individual's ability to work, irrespective of age,

education or work experience.” Williams v. Soc. Sec. Admin., 661 F. App’x 977,

979 (11th Cir. 2016) (quoting McDaniel v. Bowen, 800 F.2d at 1031.

“Consequently, in many, if not most cases, there will be no functional

limitations from a nonsevere impairment.” Sprague v. Colvin, No. 8:13-cv-576-

T-TGW, 2014 WL 2579629, at *6 (M.D. Fla. June 9, 2014).

The Eleventh Circuit has “described step two as a ‘filter’ requiring the

denial of any disability claim where no severe impairment or combination of

impairments is present.” Tuggerson–Brown v. Commissioner of Social

Security, 572 F. App’x 949, 950 (11th Cir. 2014) (quoting Jamison v. Bowen,

814 F.2d 585, 588 (11th Cir. 1987)). “To proceed to step three of the evaluation

process, an ALJ need only conclude that an applicant had ‘at least one’ severe

impairment.” Id. at 951 (quoting Jamison, 814 F.2d at 588). “Thus, so long as

the ALJ finds any impairment or combination of impairments severe at step

two, the ALJ may proceed to the remaining steps in the sequential evaluation

process, and there is no need for the ALJ to identify every severe impairment

at step two.” Beadnell v. Comm’r of Soc. Sec., No. 6:13-cv-1875-Orl-GJK, 2015

WL 419032, at *3 (M.D. Fla. Feb. 2, 2015) (citing Tuggerson-Brown, 572 F.

App’x at 951); see also Farrington v. Astrue, No. 3:09-cv-94-J-TEM, 2010 WL

1252684, at *4 (M.D. Fla. Mar. 29, 2010) (citing authority and explaining that

finding a single impairment at step-two is all that is required so long as the

ALJ considers all impairments, both severe and non-severe, throughout the

sequential evaluation process, including in determining claimant’s RFC).

The ALJ considered Ms. Paradise-Burns’s Sjogren’s disease and found it

was non-severe. (Tr. 13); see 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1522, 416.922. And even if that

finding were erroneous, it would be harmless because the ALJ considered Ms.

Paradise-Burns’s Sjogren’s disease, together with all other medically

determinable impairments, later in the sequential evaluation. (Tr. 15, 18–19).

Thus, even assuming the ALJ erred in determining Ms. Paradise-Burns’s

Sjogren’s disease was non-severe, any error would be harmless because “[t]he

finding of any severe impairment, based on either a single impairment or a

combination of impairments, is enough to satisfy step two[.]” Burgin v. Comm’r

of Soc. Sec., 420 F. App’x 901, 902 (11th Cir. 2011) (citations omitted); see also

Owens v. Colvin, No. 3:15-cv-409-J-JBT, 2015 WL 12856780, at *4 (M.D. Fla.

Oct. 15, 2015) (“[E]ven assuming the ALJ erred at step two of the sequential

evaluation process in failing to find a severe mental impairment, any such

error is harmless. Any error at step two of the sequential evaluation process is

typically harmless so long as the ALJ finds at least one severe impairment and

proceeds to the next step.”).

2. Whether the ALJ properly evaluated the medical

opinions.

The Social Security Administration revised its regulations regarding the

consideration of medical evidence for all claims filed after March 27, 2017. See

82 Fed. Reg. 5844-01, 2017 WL 168819 (Jan. 18, 2017). Ms. Paradise-Burns’s

claim was filed after this time. Thus, the revised regulations apply. See 20

C.F.R. §§ 404.1520c, 416.920c.

“A medical opinion is a statement from a medical source about what [the

claimant] can still do despite [her] impairment(s) and whether [she has] one or

more impairment-related limitations or restrictions . . .” 20 C.F.R. §§

404.1513(a)(2), 416.913(a)(2). When discussing medical opinions, an ALJ need

not assign specific evidentiary weight to any medical opinion in the record. 20

C.F.R. §§ 404.1520c(a), 416.920c(a). But the ALJ must consider five factors in

evaluating the persuasiveness of a medical opinion: supportability,

consistency, relationship with the claimant, specialization, and other factors.

Id. §§ 404.1520c(c)(1)–(5), 416.920c(c)(1)–(5). While the ALJ must consider

those five factors, the ALJ is only required to discuss supportability and

consistency. Id. §§ 404.1520c(b)(2), 416.920c(b)(2). Supportability means the

more relevant the objective medical evidence and supporting explanations

from the medical source, the more persuasive the medical opinion will be. Id.

§§ 404.1520c(c)(1), 416.920c(c)(1). Similarly, regarding consistency, the more

consistent a medical opinion is with the evidence from other sources, the more

persuasive the medical opinion will be. Id. §§ 404.1520c(c)(2), 416.920c(c)(2).

An ALJ is not required to refer to every piece of evidence in her decision,

so long as her decision is not a broad rejection of the claimant’s impairments,

and the decision enables a reviewing court to conclude that the ALJ considered

the claimant’s medical condition as a whole. Mitchell v. Comm’r, Soc. Sec.

Admin., 771 F.3d 780, 782 (11th Cir. 2014) (citing Dyer v. Barnhart, 395 F.3d

1206, 1211 (11th Cir. 2005)). Additionally, the ALJ may discredit subjective

complaints if she articulates explicit and adequate reasons for doing so. Moore

v. Barnhart, 405 F.3d 1208, 1212–13 (11th Cir. 2005); Wilson v. Barnhart, 284

F.3d 1219, 1225 (11th Cir. 2002). A “clearly articulated credibility finding with

substantial supporting evidence in the record will not be disturbed by a

reviewing court.” Foote, 67 F.3d at 1562.

In June 2022, consultative examiner J. Lamour, M.D., opined that Ms.

Paradise-Burns had some physical and radiological findings that could prevent

her from doing regular work, but she needed to follow up with multiple

specialists. (Tr. 589). In January 2024, Dr. Lamour opined that Ms. Paradise-

Burns had significant physical findings and significant radiological findings

that could prevent her from doing regular work, but she should be able to do

limited work in a seated position. (Tr. 1149). Dr. Lamour reported Ms.

Paradise-Burns was mainly limited by her neck and lower back condition,

Sjogren’s disease, fatty liver, anxiety, depression, and a right shoulder

condition, and those need to be further evaluated. (Id.). Dr. Lamour

recommended follow-up with specialists, including a rheumatologist. (Id.).

The ALJ evaluated Dr. Lamour’s opinions and found them to be vague

and not fully consistent with the medical evidence, which showed that, despite

her impairments, Ms. Paradise-Burns maintained a normal gait and full

strength in her extremities. (Tr. 18–19, 604, 675, 858–64, 1158). The ALJ also

stated that Ms. Paradise-Burns’s reported activities of daily living were

consistent with the normal examination findings, which undermined Dr.

Lamour’s opinions. (Tr. 19).

In June 2024, Ms. Paradise-Burns’s treatment provider, Raul Tallo,

M.D., completed a checkbox opinion in which he assessed Ms. Paradise-Burns

to have a variety of work-preclusive limitations, including that she needed to

be absent from work more than five days per month and was unable to

complete an eight-hour workday. (Tr. 1408–11). Dr. Tallo provided no support

for these limitations, only that he treated Ms. Paradise-Burns for multiple

impairments, including Sjogren’s disease. (Tr. 1408). The ALJ found that Dr.

Rallo’s opinion was neither consistent with nor supported by the examination

findings, which evidenced that Ms. Paradise-Burns had a normal gait and full

extremity strength. (Tr. 19, 564, 604, 675, 858–64, 1158).

Ms. Paradise-Burns argues that the ALJ’s improper evaluation of her

Sjogren’s disease resulted in flawed evaluations of the opinions of the

consultative examiner and treatment provider. However, the inconsistency

between the strength findings and other objective evidence was a reasonable

factor for the ALJ to consider. And the ALJ considered factors other than the

strength testing, such as his normal gait, the vagueness of Dr. Lamour’s

opinion, and evidence of intact activities of daily living that corresponded with

the normal examination findings. (Tr. 19). Thus, the ALJ’s consideration of the

medical opinions of Drs. Lamour and Tallo are supported by substantial

evidence.

3. Whether the ALJ properly evaluated Ms. Paradise-

Burns’s subjective complaints.

To establish a disability based on a complaint of disabling symptoms, a

claimant must show: (1) evidence of an underlying medical condition; and (2)

either (a) objective medical evidence confirming the severity of the alleged

symptoms, or (b) the objectively determined medical condition can be

reasonably expected to give rise to the claimed symptoms. 20 C.F.R. §§

404.1529 and 416.929; see also Wilson, 284 F.3d at 1225 (citing Holt v.

Sullivan, 921 F.2d1221, 1223 (11th Cir. 1991). If the ALJ determines the

claimant has such a condition, she will evaluate the alleged symptoms’

intensity and persistence and how they limit the claimant’s ability to work,

including any inconsistencies between the testimony and other evidence. 20

C.F.R. §§ 404.1529, 416.929.

“If the ALJ discredits subjective testimony, [s]he must articulate explicit

and adequate reasons for doing so.” Wilson, 284 F.3d at 1225 (citing Hale v.

Bowen, 831 F.2d 1007, 1011 (11th Cir. 1987)). “Failure to articulate the reasons

for discrediting subjective testimony requires, as a matter of law, that the

testimony be accepted as true.” Id. (citing Cannon v. Bowen, 858 F.2d 1541,

1545 (11th Cir. 1988)).

Here, the ALJ began her analysis by stating her obligation to evaluate

Ms. Paradise-Burns’s subjective complaints under 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1529 and

416.929, as well as Social Security Ruling (SSR) 16-3p, 2017 WL 5180304

(S.S.A. Oct. 25, 2017). (Tr. 15). The ALJ also acknowledged her obligation to

evaluate the medical opinions and prior administrative medical findings under

20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520c and 416.920c. (Id.). The ALJ then outlined Ms.

Paradise-Burns’s subjective complaints and evaluated them by considering the

medical evidence, her own statements regarding her symptoms and

precipitating and aggravating factors, her course of treatment, and her

activities of daily living. (Tr. 15–16, 19–20, 94–119, 123–37, 139-53). The ALJ

concluded Ms. Paradise-Burns had significant but not disabling limitations.

(Tr. 15, 19, 20).

Ms. Paradise-Burns argues the ALJ erred in evaluating her subjective

complaints because she relied on evidence of sporadic and basic activities of

daily living. Regarding Ms. Paradise-Burns’s activities of daily living, the ALJ

considered them at step three and as part of the RFC analysis. (Tr. 14, 19).

Specifically, Ms. Paradise-Burns reported she was able to perform a wide

variety of activities of daily living. She also stated she has no problem meeting

her personal care and grooming needs and selected “no” when asked whether

she required assistance with either house or yard work. (Tr. 14, 19, 339–46).

Although routine activities of daily living do not constitute substantial

evidence to support a finding of disability, the ALJ may rely on them where,

as here, the routine activities described are inconsistent with the alleged

degree of limitation. Chestang v. Comm’r of Soc. Sec., No. 8:23-cv-02196-CEH-

PDB, 2024 WL 3835648, at *11 (M.D. Fla. July 31, 2024).

The ALJ reasonably concluded that, when considered together with

other factors, Ms. Paradise-Burns’s activities of daily living were inconsistent

with the degree of alleged limitation and that the evidence supported a less

restrictive RFC. Although not, in and of themselves, dispositive, Ms. Paradise-

Burns’s activities may be used to evaluate whether her symptoms are as

limiting as alleged. See 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1529(c)(8)(i), 404.1545(a)(8); SSR 16-

3p; SSR 96-8p; Dyer, 395 F.3d at 1210; Macia v. Bowen, 829 F.2d 1009, 1012

(11th Cir. 1987); Stacy v. Comm’r, Soc. Sec. Admin., 654 F. App’x 1005, 1011

(11th Cir. 2016).

Ms. Paradise-Burns requests that the court reweigh the evidence before

the ALJ and reach a different conclusion, but the court cannot under the

applicable standard of review. See Mitchell v. Commissioner, Soc. Sec. Admin.,

771 F.3d 780, 782 (11th Cir. 2014); Crawford v. Comm’ of Soc. Sec., 363 F.3d

1155, 1158-59 (11th Cir. 2004) (“Even if the evidence preponderates against

the Commissioner’s findings, we must affirm if the decision reached is

supported by substantial evidence.”). Thus, remand is not warranted.

IV. CONCLUSION

For the reasons stated, the Commissioner’s decision is AFFIRMED, and

the Clerk is directed to enter judgment for the Commissioner and close the file.

ORDERED in Tampa, Florida, on July 27, 2026.

Aranda. Arre ho Savsone_

AMANDA ARNOLD SANSONE

United States Magistrate Judge

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