Opinion

1

2

3

4 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

5 NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA

6

7 JOHN DOE I, et al., Case No. 23-cv-02431-VC (SVK)

8 Plaintiffs,

ORDER GRANTING DEFENDANT'S

9 v. OMNIBUS SEALING MOTION

10 GOOGLE LLC, Re: Dkt. No. 269

11 Defendant.

12 Before the Court is Defendant Google LLC’s (“Google”) Omnibus Administrative Motion

13 to Seal, (Dkt. 269 (the “Omnibus Motion”)), pursuant to the Court’s September 30, 2025 Order

14 Granting the Parties’ Stipulation for an Omnibus Sealing Motion and related directives, (Dkts.

15 221, 229, 248). The Parties have filed interim sealing notices as required, (see Dkts. 222, 235,

16 242, 251), and Google’s Omnibus Motion is supported by a declaration in accordance with Civil

17 L.R. 79-5(c), (Dkt. 269-1). Plaintiffs have not opposed the Omnibus Motion, and the deadline for

18 such opposition has passed. Having considered Google’s submissions, the relevant law and the

19 record in this action, the Court GRANTS Google’s Omnibus Motion as follows.

Omnibus Document Text to be Sealed Basis for Sealing / Court Ruling

20

Exhibit

21 A Exhibit A to Highlighted portions GRANTED. Google’s proposed

Joint Letter of Omnibus Exhibit redactions are limited to “names of

22 (Dkt. 269-2) Brief (RFP at identifiers, internal systems, verticals, …

data sources, and associated descriptions,”

23 Nos. 6 and 20) 5-7, which are non-public, sensitive, and

(Dkt. 223-1)

10, proprietary. See Dkt. 269-1, ¶ 6. The

24

12-14 Court agrees that public disclosure of the

25 highlighted information places “Google at

an increased risk of cyber security threats,”

26 and also could cause competitive harm to

Google. See id., ¶¶ 7-8. Accordingly, the

27

Court finds good cause to seal the

Omnibus Document Text to be Sealed Basis for Sealing / Court Ruling

1

Exhibit

2 B Exhibit B to Highlighted portions GRANTED for the same reasons as set

Joint Letter of Omnibus Exhibit at forth with regard to Ex. A, above.

3 (Dkt. 269-3) Brief (RFP

2 and 3

4 Nos. 6 and 20)

(Dkt. 223-2)

5 C Transcript of Highlighted portions GRANTED for the same reasons as set

October 21, of Omnibus Exhibit forth with regard to Ex. A, above.

6

(Dkt. 269-4) 2025 Hearing at

7 (Dkt. 234)

9-11,

8 37,

40,

9 54

Joint Letter Highlighted portions GRANTED as to pages 6, 8 and 12 for

10 D

Brief of Omnibus Exhibit the same reasons as set forth with regard to

11 (Identifier at Ex. A, above.

(Dkt. 269-5) Mappings and

12 5, 6, 8, 10, 11, 12 GRANTED as to pages 5, 10-11, which

Linkages)

seek to redact a “retention period” in light

13 (Dkt. 236) of the potential for harm from disclosure,

Plaintiffs’ non-opposition and the more

14

limited nature of the right to public access

15 for discovery. See, e.g., Concord Music

Grp., Inc. v. Anthropic PBC, No. 24-cv-

16 03811-EKL (SVK), 2025 WL 1665754, at

*2 (N.D. Cal. May 23, 2025) (“‘discovery

17

is largely conducted in private as a matter

of modern practice, so the public is not

18

presumed to have a right of access to it.’”

19 (quoting Ctr. for Auto Safety v. Chrysler,

809 F.3d 1092, 1099 (9th Cir. 2016)).

20 E Exhibit 1 to Sealed in its entirety GRANTED for the same reasons as set

Joint Letter forth with regard to Ex. A, above.

21

(Dkt. 269-6) Brief (Data

22 Lineage and

Architecture)

23

(Dkt. 243-2).

24 Exhibit 2 to Sealed in its entirety GRANTED for the same reasons as set

F

Joint Letter forth with regard to Ex. A, above.

25

Brief (Data

26 (Dkt. 269-7) Lineage and

Architecture)

27

1 Omnibus Document Text to be Sealed Basis for Sealing / Court Ruling

Exhibit

2 G Exhibit 4 to Sealed in its entirety | GRANTED for the same reasons as set

Joint Letter forth with regard to Ex. A, above.

3 (Dkt. 269-8) | Brief (Data

4 Lineage and

Architecture)

5 Dkt. 243-5).

6 HW Joint Letter Highlighted portions | GRANTED for the same reasons as set

Brief (Data of Omnibus Exhibit | forth with regard to Ex. A, above.

7 Lineage and at

Dkt. 269-9 i

g ( ) | Architecture) 6,7, 10, 13

9 (Dkt. 244)

I Joint Letter Highlighted portions | GRANTED for the same reasons as set

10 Brief (RFP of Omnibus Exhibit | forth with regard to Ex. A, above.

1 (Dkt. 269- | Nos. 16 and at

10) 17)

4 10-12

L Dkt, 252 8: 10

5 B ] Exhibit B to Highlighted portions | GRANTED for the same reasons as set

Joint Letter of Omnibus Exhibit | forth with regard to Ex. A, above.

Brief (RFP at

Dkt. 269-

15 ( Nos. 16 and 5-14

ny 1?

16

(Dkt. 252-2)

1 K Transcript of Highlighted portions | GRANTED for the same reasons as set

5 February 5 of Omnibus Exhibit | forth with regard to Ex. D, above.

4 18 |i) (kt. 269- - at

1D J 2026 hearing

9 (Dkt. 263) 12-14, 17-19, 22,

20 25, 27, 31, 34, 49,

50, 52-54

21

2 The Clerk of Court shall maintain Dkts. 223-2, 234, 236, 243-2—243-5, 244, 252, 252-2,

23 263 and 269-2—269-12 under seal until further order of this Court. Publicly accessible, redacted

24 || copies of these filings are available at Dkts. 270-270-11.

25 SO ORDERED.

26 || Dated: March 4, 2026

27 Sram

SUSAN VAN KEULEN

28 United States Magistrate Judge